| | 
Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 -, 1 | and related Community and National policies;~· Provision of
2 -, 1 | Ministry of Health and at the National Health Institute: Nicola
3 I, 2. 1 | At the same time, the national health policies and services
4 I, 2. 2 | place between local and national, then regional and now intercontinental
5 I, 2. 2 | enrolled in NGOs and national cooperation agencies. They
6 I, 2. 4 | are the per capita Gross National Income and the per capita
7 I, 2. 4 | States in terms of gross national income and gross domestic
8 I, 2. 4 | Domestic Product and Gross National Income per capita in EUGLOREH
9 I, 2. 4 | States. within this context, national quantified objectives can
10 I, 2. 5 | place between local and national, then regional and now intercontinental
11 I, 2. 6 | according to different national educational systems.~ ~Figure
12 I, 2. 10. 4 | Member States have regulated national numbers to be labelled on
13 I, 2. 10. 4 | registration. These diverging national requirements require manufacturers
14 I, 2. 10. 4 | possibilities to implement national traceability systems for
15 I, 2. 10. 4 | of companies by aligning national solutions and thus removing
16 I, 2. 10. 4 | achieve implementation on a national level due to the complexity
17 I, 2. 10. 4 | stakeholders “to update the National and European legislative
18 II, 4.Acr | European Health Module~NCHS~National Center for Health Statistics~
19 II, 4. 1 | The US data come from the National Center for Heath Statistics (
20 II, 4. 1 | which the two overarching national health goals are to increase
21 II, 4. 1 | In this framework, the US National Center for Health Statistics (
22 II, 4. 3 | Preliminary Data for 2005, U.S. National Center for Health Statistics.~ ~
23 II, 5. 1. 2 | World Health Organization, national health organizations, medical
24 II, 5. 1. 2 | relevant Organizations. At national level, health decision makers
25 II, 5. 1. 2 | recommendations of their national health policy. There are
26 II, 5. 1. 4 | agent, insurance company or national health service, specific
27 II, 5. 2. 4 | risk factors is well known, national level data are difficult
28 II, 5. 2. 5 | among representatives of National Ministries of Health, European
29 II, 5. 2. 5 | of Health, European and National representatives of Cardiac
30 II, 5. 2. 6 | to consider in their own national policies and health system
31 II, 5. 2. 7 | clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program
32 II, 5. 3.Acr | Status in Europe Survey~NCP~National caner Plan~PSA~Prostate-Specific
33 II, 5. 3.Acr | Prostate-Specific Antigen~TNEH~Total National Expenditure on Health~WCRF~
34 II, 5. 3. 2 | Member States (MSs) have national cancer registration coverage,
35 II, 5. 3. 2 | CRs cover up to 30% of the national population. However in Europe
36 II, 5. 3. 2 | Various bodies provide national, regional and Europe-wide
37 II, 5. 3. 2 | IARC and ENCR to obtain national estimates of cancer incidence
38 II, 5. 3. 2 | EU-27 Member States have national cancer registration coverage (
39 II, 5. 3. 2 | capital resources required as national investment for cancer registration
40 II, 5. 3. 2 | consider CRs as important as National Institutes of Statistics.
41 II, 5. 3. 2 | cancer registries need ad-hoc national privacy restricting legislations;~·
42 II, 5. 3. 2 | role comparable to that of National Institutes of Statistics;~·
43 II, 5. 3. 2 | Continents” and to produce national estimates of cancer incidence.
44 II, 5. 3. 2 | analysis and synthesis of National Cancer Plans in Europe;
45 II, 5. 3. 2 | research, patterns of care, national societies/registries and
46 II, 5. 3. 3 | comprise deaths registered in national vital registration systems,
47 II, 5. 3. 3 | as coded by the relevant national authority. Data are included
48 II, 5. 3. 3 | data exports from the Czech National Cancer Registry were provided (
49 II, 5. 3. 6 | survival correlated with total national expenditure on health (TNEH)
50 II, 5. 3. 7 | due to scarce data in some national settings; nevertheless,
51 II, 5. 3. 7 | groups are present in the national settings, but they must
52 II, 5. 3. 7 | the drug is available at national level without further delays
53 II, 5. 3. 7 | necessary to move from a national to a global pricing structure
54 II, 5. 3. 7 | countries define, mainly at national level and in some countries
55 II, 5. 3. 7 | see Table 5.3.2) consider national cancer plan as a strategy
56 II, 5. 3. 7 | control.~ ~Table 5.3.2. Cancer national control plans in place in
57 II, 5. 3. 7 | sustained collaboration between national health authorities, research
58 II, 5. 3. 7 | organisation, and stakeholders at national and European level. EUROCAN+
59 II, 5. 3. 7 | which could be improved at a national level: identifying necessary
60 II, 5. 3. 7 | States to develop or improve national cancer plans, comprehensive
61 II, 5. 3. 8 | the collaboration between national health authorities, private
62 II, 5. 4. 1 | treatment of diabetes at national and EU level. As for many
63 II, 5. 4. 2 | on the basis of average national indicators (e.g. blood pressure
64 II, 5. 4. 2 | It is within the power of national governments and health departments
65 II, 5. 4. 2 | be formulated at local, national and European levels.~ ~Investments
66 II, 5. 4. 2 | audit of health care~-> National, regional and international
67 II, 5. 4. 2 | 5.4.2.1. National and regional registries~ ~
68 II, 5. 4. 2 | standardization.~At the National level, it is worth mentioning
69 II, 5. 4. 2 | compare own results against national and international averages.~
70 II, 5. 4. 2 | 2006) due to problems in national representativeness of data
71 II, 5. 4. 2 | care has been created by national professional contracts,
72 II, 5. 4. 2 | regular basis through the National Diabetes Audit and the Quality
73 II, 5. 4. 2 | Differences between different national surveys persist, particularly
74 II, 5. 4. 2 | that surveys should include national population-based samples
75 II, 5. 4. 2 | should be a component of national/international health monitoring
76 II, 5. 4. 2 | representativeness at a national level must be carefully
77 II, 5. 4. 2 | mellitus.~The establishment of national reimbursement systems in
78 II, 5. 4. 2 | admissions, and the definition of national data formats that have been
79 II, 5. 4. 2 | research and analysis through national/regional health departments.~
80 II, 5. 4. 2 | most EU countries at the national level.~ ~
81 II, 5. 4. 2 | increasingly making use of specific national unique identification numbers,
82 II, 5. 4. 2 | 5.4.2.8. National drug sales~ ~Some studies
83 II, 5. 4. 2 | Some studies have utilised national drug sales to estimate prevalence
84 II, 5. 4. 2 | e.g. diabetes mellitus). National annual drug sales are recorded
85 II, 5. 4. 2 | 000 general population~12~National Registry~Annual death rate
86 II, 5. 4. 2 | European Standard Population~12~National Registry~Acronyms:~ICD 9:
87 II, 5. 4. 2 | Interview Survey; UNN: Unique national Number; RS: Reimbursement
88 II, 5. 4. 2 | by independent blindness national registries, where blindness
89 II, 5. 4. 2 | blindness (according to the national legislation). EUCID found
90 II, 5. 4. 6 | compare and support their national health policies.~The European
91 II, 5. 4. 6 | diabetes and its morbidity” at national level. The set of indicators
92 II, 5. 4. 6 | feasible for collection at national basis (de Beaufort 2003).
93 II, 5. 4. 6 | that the comparability of national indicators is far from straightforward.
94 II, 5. 4. 6 | started in 2006 “to make the national facts of Diabetes Mellitus
95 II, 5. 4. 6 | effective resources for national governments. Due to the
96 II, 5. 4. 6 | 5.4.6.4. National guidelines and control plans~
97 II, 5. 4. 6 | Region 2008) had established national diabetes plans and/or guidelines.
98 II, 5. 4. 6 | level of implementation of national plans/guidelines in Member
99 II, 5. 4. 6 | Member States. Existing national plans and guidelines differ
100 II, 5. 4. 6 | attitude towards the disease. National governments should provide
101 II, 5. 4. 6 | problems are dealt within the National Diabetes Plans, where existing,
102 II, 5. 4. 6 | better standardisation of national diabetes plans would be
103 II, 5. 4. 6 | representatives of 35 EU and national diabetes associations, recommended
104 II, 5. 4. 6 | monitoring and reporting at national level of comprehensive diabetes
105 II, 5. 4. 6 | prevention measures based on national evidence-based guidelines
106 II, 5. 4. 6 | promote healthy lifestyles, national diabetes plans and prevention
107 II, 5. 4. 6 | development and implementation of national diabetes prevention programmes
108 II, 5. 4. 6 | All nations shall develop national policies for the prevention,
109 II, 5. 4. 8 | the steering group of the National Diabetes Register. The Danish
110 II, 5. 4. 8 | Diabetes Register. The Danish National Diabetes Register: trends
111 II, 5. 4. 8 | Committee of the Swedish National Diabetes Register (2003),
112 II, 5. 4. 8 | Diabetes Register (2003), The National Diabetes Register in Sweden:
113 II, 5. 5. 1 | amounted to almost 1% of Gross National Product of the country (
114 II, 5. 5. 1 | mental health services and in national health information systems.
115 II, 5. 5. 1 | have been obtained from national routine reporting systems
116 II, 5. 5. 1 | HfA data is derived from national causes–of-death statistics.
117 II, 5. 5. 1 | number and by region. Annual national data are presented as absolute
118 II, 5. 5. 1 | onwards. Most available national data is from late 1990s
119 II, 5. 5. 1 | beginning of the 2000s. National differences are possible
120 II, 5. 5. 1 | population: results from the US National Comorbidity Survey. Br J
121 II, 5. 5. 2 | what concerns dementia, national Alzheimer associations have
122 II, 5. 5. 2 | regulates the recognition of national guardianship measures in
123 II, 5. 5. 2 | of medicine to finance a national programme to improve the
124 II, 5. 5. 2 | organisations and calls on national and European policy makers
125 II, 5. 5. 3 | eating disordered persons (National Centre for Eating Disorders,
126 II, 5. 5. 3 | and/or other accessible national or international published
127 II, 5. 5. 3 | Quantitative measurement~ ~On national level, limited data are
128 II, 5. 5. 3 | of eating disorders. Some national data are surveyed in certain
129 II, 5. 5. 3 | really a paucity of data on national as well as at European/international
130 II, 5. 5. 3 | data were measured within national surveys, whereas for other
131 II, 5. 5. 3 | Croatia~ ~X~There is no national study on bulimia and anorexia
132 II, 5. 5. 3 | unpublished data from the National Health Survey.~Cyprus~ ~
133 II, 5. 5. 3 | instruments.~Greece~ ~X~National statistics are not available.
134 II, 5. 5. 3 | anorexia and bulimia ~Italy~X~ ~National epidemiologic data on anorexia
135 II, 5. 5. 3 | Lithuania~ ~X~In Lithuania national statistics on Bulimia and
136 II, 5. 5. 3 | determinants.~Romania~X~ ~At national level data about the general
137 II, 5. 5. 3 | Slovenia there exist no extra national study on bulimia and anorexia
138 II, 5. 5. 3 | of utmost importance for national and international public
139 II, 5. 5. 3 | focus on eating disorders. National and international school
140 II, 5. 5. 3 | influence the political work at national and international level.~
141 II, 5. 5. 3 | We must bear in mind that national and international health
142 II, 5. 5. 3 | No. 6, 1574-1583.~NEDA (National Eating Disorders Association) (
143 II, 5. 5. 3 | accessed on 19 March 2008).~National Centre for Eating Disorders (
144 II, 5. 5. 3 | 2003): Eating disorders. National Library for Health Mental
145 II, 5. 5. 3 | There are no comprehensive national or European data available
146 II, 5. 5. 3 | With regard to lacking national registries for psychiatric
147 II, 5. 5. 3 | account the differences in the national healthcare systems. Hence,
148 II, 5. 5. 3 | questionable since the accuracy of national statistics, as well as the
149 II, 5. 5. 3 | due to differences in the national health information systems
150 II, 5. 5. 3 | limited allocation of the national health budgets to mental
151 II, 5. 5. 3 | comprehensive European database of national statistics on all expenditures
152 II, 5. 5. 3 | Control tools and policies~ ~National mental health acts or programmes~
153 II, 5. 5. 3 | basis for adaptation to national and economic backgrounds (
154 II, 5. 5. 3 | Some countries already have national and international programmes
155 II, 5. 5. 3 | very active in establishing national programmes to fight stigma.
156 II, 5. 5. 3 | Diseases recently initiated a National Alliance on Mental Health
157 II, 5. 5. 3 | includes the appointment of a national implementation manager;
158 II, 5. 5. 3 | figures from the entire national population have been made
159 II, 5. 5. 3 | knowledge, there are no European national or regional population-based
160 II, 5. 5. 3 | relationship.~ ~Table 5.5.3.4.5. National legislations on epilepsy
161 II, 5. 5. 3 | of harmonization of the national regulations across European
162 II, 5. 5. 3 | available information on national driving regulations and
163 II, 5. 5. 3 | guidelines have been endorsed by national and international scientific
164 II, 5. 5. 3 | Collaboration, LICE) or by national bodies aiming at developing
165 II, 5. 5. 3 | and eventually adapted to national or local situations.~Consortia
166 II, 5. 5. 3 | be easily implemented at national or multinational level and
167 II, 5. 5. 3 | change. Harmonization of the national directives, to be incorporated
168 II, 5. 5. 3 | contro l’Epilessia~NICE~National Institute for Clinical Excellence~
169 II, 5. 5. 3 | multiple sources, including the National Patient Registry (Koch-Henriksen
170 II, 5. 5. 3 | Registry, including the National Registry of Causes of Death,
171 II, 5. 5. 3 | 2003).~ ~The Norwegian National Multiple Sclerosis Registry
172 II, 5. 5. 3 | Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis National Competence Centre, Haukeland
173 II, 5. 5. 3 | compared with the respective national means was referred to as
174 II, 5. 5. 3 | Parallel to improvement of the national health care system, multiple
175 II, 5. 5. 3 | significantly higher than the national mean rates and showed a
176 II, 5. 5. 3 | data that will substantiate national service provision planning
177 II, 5. 5. 3 | The report will be used at national level to promote the rights
178 II, 5. 5. 3 | community;~· It commits national governments and the European
179 II, 5. 5. 3 | Implementation of the Code at national level will help overcome
180 II, 5. 5. 3 | assessments and services.~· National Institute for Clinical Excellence
181 II, 5. 5. 3 | on MS Services (UK)~The National Institute for Clinical Excellence
182 II, 5. 5. 3 | International, European and National Level~There are active MS
183 II, 5. 5. 3 | some of the issues on which national MS societies campaign tenaciously.~
184 II, 5. 5. 3 | society foothold in the national framework for effecting
185 II, 5. 5. 3 | status and advocacy role of national MS societies in contributing
186 II, 5. 5. 3 | management system of different national care approaches to MS, which
187 II, 5. 5. 3 | current EU member states’ national care approaches towards
188 II, 5. 5. 3 | will also analyse existing national studies on the economics
189 II, 5. 5. 3 | value of producing annual national reports on the status of
190 II, 5. 5. 3 | on coronary thrombosis. National Cancer Institute Monographs
191 II, 5. 5. 3 | an international survey. National Multiple Sclerosis Society (
192 II, 5. 5. 3 | Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis National Competence Centre and National
193 II, 5. 5. 3 | National Competence Centre and National Multiple Sclerosis registry—
194 II, 5. 5. 3 | databases. Data from the national and European statistic bureaus
195 II, 5. 5. 3 | PD in countries with high national income and healthcare expenditure
196 II, 5. 5. 3 | more accurate comparison of national and international studies (
197 II, 5. 5. 3 | relatives and the public. National and international PD user
198 II, 5. 5. 3 | guidelines have been endorsed by national and international scientific
199 II, 5. 5. 3 | scientific associations or by national bodies aiming at developing
200 II, 5. 6. 2 | a search of European and national datasets. It should be pointed
201 II, 5. 6. 3 | Survey 2002 (Office for National Statistics UK, 2002) and
202 II, 5. 6. 3 | had arthritis (Office for National Statistics, 1989).~ ~A large
203 II, 5. 6. 3 | costs of osteoarthritis from national data were 0.1% of 1991 GNP,
204 II, 5. 6. 4 | conditions was 0.7% of the gross national product.~ ~Future trends~ ~
205 II, 5. 6. 6 | Stockholm, Socialstyrelsen (National Board of Health and Welfare)~ ~
206 II, 5. 6. 6 | Ann Rheum Dis 62(3):222-6~National Board on Health and Welfare (
207 II, 5. 6. 6 | 21(5):871-83~Office for National Statistics, UK (2002): The
208 II, 5. 6. 6 | at URL : ht ~ ~Office for National Statistics, UK (1989): OPCS
209 II, 5. 7.Acr | Renal Disease~NHANES III~National Health and Nutrition Examination
210 II, 5. 7. 1 | severity. Data derived from the National Health and Nutrition Examination
211 II, 5. 7. 1 | Chobanian et al, 2003; National Kidney Foundation, 2002-
212 II, 5. 7. 2 | and aggregated data from national and/or regional renal registries
213 II, 5. 7. 2 | registries in 29 countries. National and regional renal registries
214 II, 5. 7. 2 | depended on the existence of national and regional renal registries
215 II, 5. 7. 3 | 27 EU Member countries, national surveys on the prevalence
216 II, 5. 7. 5 | approach to the problem {14 National Kidney Foundation, 2002
217 II, 5. 7. 5 | not yet been accepted at national level.~· The public health
218 II, 5. 7. 5 | agenda for CKD and ESRD at national level, as the national health
219 II, 5. 7. 5 | at national level, as the national health authorities have
220 II, 5. 7. 5 | parameters in relation to the national average. It is planned that
221 II, 5. 7. 5 | in Wales has published a national service framework for renal
222 II, 5. 7. 5 | implementation of the Renal National Service Framework (NSF)
223 II, 5. 7. 5 | started a process to create a national action plan for CKD, including
224 II, 5. 7. 6 | ERA-EDTA registry, most of the national and regional renal registries
225 II, 5. 7. 6 | would facilitate (inter)national benchmarking and the collection
226 II, 5. 7. 6 | Member States have developed national health policies regarding
227 II, 5. 7. 6 | document on pan-European or national health plans of the calibre
228 II, 5. 7. 7 | States Renal Data System, National Institute of Health, National
229 II, 5. 7. 7 | National Institute of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and
230 II, 5. 7. 7 | seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,
231 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2006 May;27(10):1245-50.~National Kidney Foundation. K/D The
232 II, 5. 7. 7 | seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention,
233 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2006;47(Suppl 3):S1-S145.~National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI
234 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2002;39(Supple 1):S1-S266.~National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI
235 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2003;41(suppl 3):S1-S92.~National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI
236 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2003;42(Suppl 3):S1-S202.~National Kidney Foundation. K/DOQI
237 II, 5. 7. 7 | mellitus: results from the National Health Examination and Nutrition
238 II, 5. 8. 3 | Countries, collected by national sources with different methodologies.
239 II, 5. 9. FB | should be reconsidered on a national and international basis
240 II, 5. 9. 2 | more than 70 regional and national allergology and clinical
241 II, 5. 9. 3 | end of 1990s, based on the national database of general practitioners.
242 II, 5. 9. 3 | care~ ~Data provided by the National Asthma Campaign (UK) concerning
243 II, 5. 9. 4 | allergens skin tested~ ~National data, considered separately,
244 II, 5. 9. 5 | to be reconsidered on a national and international basis,
245 II, 5. 9. 5 | at local, regional, and national levels.~ ~Research~ ~The
246 II, 5. 9. 7 | population evaluated through the national database of general practitioners.
247 II, 5. 10. 7 | in England: analysis of national admissions data. BMJ 327:
248 II, 5. 11. 3 | Although there are no recent national prevalence studies of atopic
249 II, 5. 11. 3 | for examined eczema from a national birth cohort study (the
250 II, 5. 11. 3 | birth cohort study (the National Child Development Study
251 II, 5. 11. 5 | Member States can develop national plans and policies adapted
252 II, 5. 11. 7 | Education and Welfare, National Center for Health Statistics
253 II, 5. 11. 7 | Dermatol 1995;132:772-7.~ ~National Institute for health and
254 II, 5. 11. 7 | General Practice. Third National Study (1981-82). London:
255 II, 5. 12. 2 | Research Program of the US National Cancer Institute (National
256 II, 5. 12. 2 | National Cancer Institute (National Cancer Institute, 2005).~
257 II, 5. 12. 3 | impact of these factors on national mortality rates is difficult
258 II, 5. 12. 6 | on cirrhosis mortality at national level in various European
259 II, 5. 12. 7 | 2002. Lancet 367:645.~ ~National Cancer Institute (2005):
260 II, 5. 14. 2 | Data were collected from national, regional or local oral
261 II, 5. 14. 2 | systems, surveillance systems, national survey data, and literature
262 II, 5. 14. 2 | or regional rather than national representativeness somewhat
263 II, 5. 14. 2 | collection system at the national level: only United Kingdom
264 II, 5. 14. 2 | the scarcity of data from national studies based on a representative
265 II, 5. 14. 3 | dental services.~Several national surveys show that the proportion
266 II, 5. 14. 5 | comparisons and support their national health policies. The development
267 II, 5. 14. 5 | policies. The development of national and international health
268 II, 5. 14. 5 | health sector within the national and European health information
269 II, 5. 14. 5 | designed for integration into national health systems. The indicators
270 II, 5. 14. 5 | cross-sectoral work both at EU and at national level. The strategy is to
271 II, 5. 15.Acr | Man~MS~Member States~NORD~National Organization of Rare Disorders~
272 II, 5. 15. 2 | organization: NORD, standing for National Organization of Rare Disorders (
273 II, 5. 15. 2 | may come from the Italian National Register Rare Diseases,
274 II, 5. 15. 3 | drugs in Europe (dates of national registries, prices, reasons
275 II, 5. 15. 4 | encourage EU MS in developing national health policies; ensure
276 II, 5. 15. 5 | potential consequences on the national/regional health care systems.~ ~
277 II, 5. 15. 5 | Eurordis in partnership with National Rare Diseases Alliances
278 II, 5. 15. 5 | aiming also at reporting all national initiatives on rare diseases.~(
279 II, 5. 15. 6 | rare diseases to death? A call for a national orphan drug review policy.
280 II, 5. 15. 6 | Chertkoff R, Zimran A (2006): National health budgets for expensive
281 II, 6. 3. 1 | the original function of national surveillance systems was
282 II, 6. 3. 1 | discussed in this report, national incidence figures thus often
283 II, 6. 3. 2 | action.~Today, EU-level (and national) surveillance only covers
284 II, 6. 3. 2 | Member States to establish national strategies to contain AMR:
285 II, 6. 3. 2 | that includes surveillance. National or regional surveillance
286 II, 6. 3. 2 | States still do not have a national surveillance network for
287 II, 6. 3. 2 | financial investment at both national and hospital levels in order
288 II, 6. 3. 3 | countries, where an integrated national effort is needed; men who
289 II, 6. 3. 3 | hepatitis B vaccine in their national vaccination programmes.
290 II, 6. 3. 3 | diseases under surveillance at national level, the currently available
291 II, 6. 3. 4 | inter-sectoral operability at national level;~· stepping up prevention
292 II, 6. 3. 6 | ascertain: even the best national surveillance systems miss
293 II, 6. 3. 6 | 000) reported the highest national incidence rates. As shigellosis
294 II, 6. 4. 2 | outbreaks with greater than national dimensions, for which a
295 II, 6. 4. 3 | Health Minister to take the national measures best adapted to
296 II, 6. 4. 3 | test the execution of the national plans of the Member States.
297 II, 6. 4. 3 | interoperability of the national plans, availability of countermeasures,
298 II, 6. 4. 4 | support to European and national decision-making on health
299 II, 6. 4. 4 | works in partnership with national health protection bodies
300 II, 7. 1 | 2006. In order to assist national administrations and other
301 II, 7. 2. 4 | and fatal accidents.~ ~The national ESAW sources are the declarations
302 II, 7. 2. 4 | or to another relevant national authority (Labour Inspection,
303 II, 7. 2. 5 | series for the assessment of national developments in the area
304 II, 7. 2. 9 | projects~ ~Furthermore many national studies and single initiative
305 II, 7. 3. 1 | Projections in this overview of national surveys at EU level anticipate
306 II, 7. 3. 3 | reflects differences in national hospital admission policies
307 II, 7. 3. 3 | in reduced productivity. National data indicate that up to
308 II, 7. 3. 4 | States due to differences in national definitions and registration
309 II, 7. 3. 4 | with comparability of the national figures are described in
310 II, 7. 3. 5 | occur daily, though precise national and international estimates
311 II, 7. 4 | in reduced productivity. National data indicate that up to
312 II, 7. 4. 1 | is propelling for national action plans on child safety (
313 II, 7. 4. 3 | sector at Community and at national level.~ ~Informative sources
314 II, 7. 4. 6 | encouraged at local, regional, national and Community level. Actions
315 II, 7. 4. 6 | planning and establishing national or regional suicide prevention
316 II, 7. 5 | Policy making and planning: National strategies are important
317 II, 7. 5 | and service safety.~Set up national action plans or programmes
318 II, 7. 5 | regarding surveillance, national action plans, capacity building
319 II, 7. 5 | internationally comparable national indicators, e.g. on disabilities
320 II, 7. 5 | of information within the national data systems on products
321 II, 7. 5 | point for stakeholders at national level; and~· Disseminate
322 II, 7. 5 | and information service at national level where stakeholders
323 II, 7. 5 | supporting the Network of IDB National Data Administrators, and
324 II, 7. 5 | policy tools regarding “national action plans” are provided
325 II, 7. 5 | process for the development of national policies to prevent violence
326 II, 7. 6 | information; formulating national action plans; exchanging
327 II, 7. 6 | organizational capacities at national level, e.g. national focal
328 II, 7. 6 | at national level, e.g. national focal agencies and research
329 II, 7. 7 | AdRisk Project. Helsinki, National Public Health Institute (
330 II, 7. 7 | I, Baumgarten I (2006): National responses to preventing
331 II, 8. 1. 5 | promotes initiatives at EU and national level to identify and remove
332 II, 8. 2. 1 | the general population. A National Disability Survey of this
333 II, 8. 2. 1 | articles, project reports and national surveys in the Member States,
334 II, 8. 2. 1 | intellectual disabilities within national health interview (HIS) and
335 II, 8. 2. 1 | in censuses, sample based national surveys, or other statistical
336 II, 8. 2. 2 | system into strengthened national health-care systems. In
337 II, 8. 2. 2 | managed, well-monitored national health systems.~ ~To accelerate
338 II, 8. 2. 3 | at: htt ~ ~UK Office of National Statistics (ONS) dataset
339 II, 9 | available in most countries from national sources. Whilst in general
340 II, 9 | consumers of alcohol, most national and cross-cultural studies
341 II, 9 | fruit and vegetables at national level, and the prevalence
342 II, 9. 1. 1 | compelling reasons to improve national and European health information
343 II, 9. 1. 1 | Center for Disease Control; National Center for Health Statistics,
344 II, 9. 1. 2 | for regional rather than national registries, networked nationally
345 II, 9. 1. 2 | EUROCAT. The proportion of national births covered by registers
346 II, 9. 1. 2 | are short-term. Moreover, national and regional funding for
347 II, 9. 1. 2 | Europe. Each registry follows national practice in relation to
348 II, 9. 1. 2 | difficult position because of national interpretations of the European
349 II, 9. 2. 1 | Committee (the annual high-level national representative meeting)
350 II, 9. 2. 2 | sparingly so as not to overload national systems. It has a specific
351 II, 9. 2. 2 | on a voluntary basis from national systems, hence consensus
352 II, 9. 2. 2 | produces. (Web link – ww ~ ~National Statistics: Each EU Member
353 II, 9. 2. 2 | These are invaluable at the national level, but may not be comparable
354 II, 9. 2. 2 | General surveys such as national censuses and household surveys,
355 II, 9. 2. 2 | right, or of discharging national and societal responsibility
356 II, 9. 2. 2 | group effectively ignored in national population and health statistics.~ ~
357 II, 9. 2. 2 | determinants of well being, at national or sub-national level. Research
358 II, 9. 2. 3 | childhood asthma, whilst the National Institute of Clinical Excellence (
359 II, 9. 2. 3 | 40% in 15-year-old girls. National variations can be seen,
360 II, 9. 2. 3 | represented at all – in national or European data sets. The
361 II, 9. 2. 4 | available in most countries from national sources. Whilst in general
362 II, 9. 2. 4 | consumers of alcohol, most national and cross-cultural studies
363 II, 9. 2. 5 | of service delivery is a national prerogative, the lack of
364 II, 9. 2. 5 | Member State to produce a national strategy based on sound
365 II, 9. 2. 8 | Mumps and Rubella~NICE~National Institute of Clinical Excellence~
366 II, 9. 3. 1 | collation of data across national and Community systems needs
367 II, 9. 3. 1 | has recently developed a national plan for improved diabetes
368 II, 9. 3. 1 | fruit and vegetables at national level, and the prevalence
369 II, 9. 3. 1 | Framework for Designing National Health Policies with an
370 II, 9. 3. 1 | Program (1992) Impotence: National Institutes of Health Consensus
371 II, 9. 3. 2 | Many indicators useful at national level cannot be transposed
372 II, 9. 3. 2 | Center for Disease Control; National Center for Health Statistics,
373 II, 9. 3. 3 | study data are based on national surveys on sexual behaviour
374 II, 9. 3. 3 | scientific journals.~· Data from national sexual attitude and lifestyle
375 II, 9. 3. 3 | 1997). Some data from the national survey carried out recently
376 II, 9. 3. 3 | have been studied in many national surveys. According to the
377 II, 9. 3. 3 | There are examples of national policies to face the present
378 II, 9. 3. 3 | community.~ ~Most of the national sexual health policies in
379 II, 9. 3. 3 | in Europe: comparisons of national surveys. (Edited by:Hubert
380 II, 9. 3. 3 | in Europe: Comparisons of National Surveys. UCL Press. London.
381 II, 9. 3. 3 | M (2006): Third Italian national survey on knowledge, attitudes,
382 II, 9. 3. 3 | England, 1994-2003, and the national teenage pregnancy strategy:
383 II, 9. 4. 1 | three objectives of the national policy on healthcare and
384 II, 9. 4. 1 | community implementation of national and European public health
385 II, 9. 4. 5 | the Council on supporting national strategies for the future
386 II, 9. 4. 5 | management of systems. Thus, many national replies refer to the need
387 II, 9. 4. 7 | Health (UK – DoH) (2005): The National Service Framework for Long-term
388 II, 9. 5. 3 | to be provided by men (UK National Statistics On-line, 2007). (
389 II, 9. 5. 3 | every day, although precise national and international statistics
390 II, 9. 5. 3 | TARKI Research Inst te national survey, 1999; e WHO 2002; f
391 II, 9. 5. 4 | standardisation of Member States’ national data collection practices
392 II, 9. 5. 4 | issue of men’s health. Among national governments, Austria produced
393 II, 9. 5. 4 | health (Lisbon Nov 2007), National Screening England Chlamydia (
394 II, 9. 5. 4 | initiatives were run by The National Health Board (a governmental
395 II, 9. 5. 4 | for policy development at national and European levels including
396 II, 9. 5. 4 | European levels including national policy documents in England
397 II, 9. 5. 4 | this type, all regional, national and European level policy
398 II, 9. 5. 5 | although it is increasing among national governments in Europe and
399 II, 9. 5. 5 | healthcare resources and national economic competitiveness
400 II, 9. 5. 6 | Framework for Designing National Health Policies with an
401 II, 9. 5. 6 | at: accessed 21.04.08)~ ~National Statistics Online: htt 82
402 III, 10. 2. 1 | estimated directly from national vital statistics for the
403 III, 10. 2. 1 | Statistic Sweden or the national public health survey, “Health
404 III, 10. 2. 1 | Terms”, carried out by the National Institute of Public Health.~ ~ ~ ~
405 III, 10. 2. 1 | prescription drugs approved by national authorities of some countries
406 III, 10. 2. 1 | can be implemented at (sub)national level. These measures differ
407 III, 10. 2. 1 | take supportive measures at national level. Key examples of these
408 III, 10. 2. 1 | the establishment of a national coordinating mechanism or
409 III, 10. 2. 1 | tobacco cessation services in national health programmes, and~·
410 III, 10. 2. 1 | NGOs in the development of national tobacco control programmes.~ ~
411 III, 10. 2. 1 | protected by comprehensive national smoke-free legislation and
412 III, 10. 2. 1 | countries with comprehensive national bans on tobacco advertising
413 III, 10. 2. 1 | can be implemented at (sub)national level. These measures differ
414 III, 10. 2. 1 | Australia in 1998-1999. National Drug Strategy Monograph
415 III, 10. 2. 1 | developing the evidence base for national, regional and global public
416 III, 10. 2. 1 | Epidemiol. 2007; 36(4):805-808~ ~National Institute on Drug Abuse (
417 III, 10. 2. 1 | Study~ELSA~Enforcement of national Laws and Self-regulation
418 III, 10. 2. 1 | ELSA – Enforcement of national Laws and Self-regulation
419 III, 10. 2. 1 | Communications and Alcohol. Utrecht: National Foundation for Alcohol Prevention.~ ~
420 III, 10. 2. 1 | Policy. 10th meeting of national counterparts for alcohol
421 III, 10. 2. 1 | EMCDDA) through a network of national focal points (Reitox). These
422 III, 10. 2. 1 | problem opioid users at national level range roughly between
423 III, 10. 2. 1 | hepatitis or drug overdose. National estimates of such population
424 III, 10. 2. 1 | drug users – studies with national and subnational coverage,
425 III, 10. 2. 1 | See Figure 10.2.1.3.6 for national and subnational prevalence
426 III, 10. 2. 1(14)| Most national case definitions are the
427 III, 10. 2. 1 | presents a framework for national policies and functions as
428 III, 10. 2. 1 | European countries now have a national drug strategy and/or a national
429 III, 10. 2. 1 | national drug strategy and/or a national drug action plan. These
430 III, 10. 2. 1 | of the interventions at national level.~ ~Prevention is sometimes
431 III, 10. 2. 1 | as the main priority in national drug strategies and action
432 III, 10. 2. 1 | than ever before, both at national and at EU level. This development
433 III, 10. 2. 1 | Data were collected from national, regional or local oral
434 III, 10. 2. 1 | systems, surveillance systems, national survey data, and literature
435 III, 10. 2. 1 | Information available through national health public and private
436 III, 10. 2. 1 | development of these pathologies. National probabilistic studies in
437 III, 10. 2. 1 | strategy should further empower national policies by facilitating
438 III, 10. 2. 1 | not fully integrated into national or community health programmes.~ ~
439 III, 10. 2. 1 | cross-country comparisons, national data sets are made comparable
440 III, 10. 2. 1 | trend data come from the National Travel Survey. It showed
441 III, 10. 2. 1 | and action, as part of a national public health agenda and
442 III, 10. 2. 1 | local levels are included in national policy and action as local
443 III, 10. 2. 1 | adult population]. Helsinki, National Public Health Institute.~ ~
444 III, 10. 2. 1 | Accident Prevention, Swiss National Accident Insurance Organisation (
445 III, 10. 2. 1 | all 27 EU Member States, national studies on the prevalence
446 III, 10. 2. 1(21)| Child Care, 2003), Slovakia (National Public Health Authority,
447 III, 10. 2. 1(22)| et al, 2003), Slovakia (National Public Health Authoriy,
448 III, 10. 2. 1 | height for monitoring at the national level the nutritional status
449 III, 10. 2. 1 | Lobstein and Frelut, 2003; National Public Health Authority,
450 III, 10. 2. 1 | data were collected in a national sample of children by three
451 III, 10. 2. 1 | Finland also carried out national surveys in adolescents (
452 III, 10. 2. 1 | Consumption and Institute of National Statistics, 2007; National
453 III, 10. 2. 1 | National Statistics, 2007; National Institute for Health Development,
454 III, 10. 2. 1 | descriptors. In contrast to national surveys, European surveys
455 III, 10. 2. 1 | individual level. However, national dietary surveys are carried
456 III, 10. 2. 1 | valuable information for use in national policy and are central in
457 III, 10. 2. 1 | consumption data obtained a national level can often not be compared
458 III, 10. 2. 1 | directly. In addition to the national surveys, food consumption
459 III, 10. 2. 1 | most recent and relevant national food consumption data to
460 III, 10. 2. 1 | Preliminary information on the national food consumption surveys
461 III, 10. 2. 1 | Preliminary information on national food consumption surveys
462 III, 10. 2. 1 | Belgium~Belgian National Food Consumption Survey~
463 III, 10. 2. 1 | www.iph.fgov.be~Bulgaria~National Survey of Food Intake and
464 III, 10. 2. 1 | chprszu.cz~Denmark~The Danish national survey of dietary habits
465 III, 10. 2. 1 | lshtm.ac.uk~Finland~The National FINDIET 2002 Study~FINDIET~
466 III, 10. 2. 1 | Hungary~Hungarian National Dietary Survey 2003-2004~
467 III, 10. 2. 1 | Norway~Norvegian national dietary survey among adults~
468 III, 10. 2. 1 | The Netherlands~Dutch National Food Consumption Survey~
469 III, 10. 2. 1 | Network~ ~ ~ ~ ~United Kingdom~National Diet and Nutrition Survey~
470 III, 10. 2. 1 | pan-European food databank based on national HBS by the development of
471 III, 10. 2. 1 | comprehensive overview of the national surveys from fourteen European
472 III, 10. 2. 1(24)| Ekholm et al, 2006), Estonia (National Institute for Health Development,
473 III, 10. 2. 1(24)| Consumption and Institute of National Statistics, 2007) and Sweden (
474 III, 10. 2. 1 | 7–9 years old, 15.2%) (National Public Health Authority,
475 III, 10. 2. 1 | 2005a) and Estonia (45.7%) (National Institute for Health Development,
476 III, 10. 2. 1 | Health and Consumption and National Statistical Institute, 2004;
477 III, 10. 2. 1 | Consumption and Institute of National Statistics, 2007), Ireland (
478 III, 10. 2. 1 | 2004; Ekholm et al, 2006; National Institute of Public Health,
479 III, 10. 2. 1 | European Communities, 2005; National Institute of Public Health,
480 III, 10. 2. 1 | effects of all policies at national or local level and encourages
481 III, 10. 2. 1 | of a project or policy at national level, which deals with
482 III, 10. 2. 1 | policies or programmes at national level is lacking.~ ~As stressed
483 III, 10. 2. 1 | to be monitored at local, national and international levels.
484 III, 10. 2. 1 | level but at the most on a national level, and even there specific
485 III, 10. 2. 1 | research (e.g. establish national and international surveillance
486 III, 10. 2. 1 | EU, including local and national dietary guidelines, have
487 III, 10. 2. 1 | Mother and Child Care (2003): National nutritional surveillance
488 III, 10. 2. 1 | Calleja N (2003): The first national health interview survey:
489 III, 10. 2. 1 | from a survey]. Uppsala, National Food Administration (in
490 III, 10. 2. 1 | Egészségfelmérés, OLEF2000 [National health interview survey,
491 III, 10. 2. 1 | survey, OLEF2000]. Budapest, National Center for Epidemiology (
492 III, 10. 2. 1 | levnadsvanor [Results of the national public health survey 2006:
493 III, 10. 2. 1 | lifestyle]. Östersund, Swedish National Institute of Public Health (
494 III, 10. 2. 1 | Government, Statistics for Wales, National Statistics.~[ht ] (report
495 III, 10. 2. 1 | since 1987]. Copenhagen, National Institute of Public Health (
496 III, 10. 2. 1 | Kelleher C (1999): The national health and lifestyle surveys:
497 III, 10. 2. 1 | Health Promotion Studies, National University of Ireland.~ ~
498 III, 10. 2. 1 | population, 2006]. Helsinki, National Public Health Institute (
499 III, 10. 2. 1 | spring 2006]. Helsinki, National Public Health Institute (
500 III, 10. 2. 1 | ObEpi-Roche 2006: 4th national epidemiological survey on
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