| | 
Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 2 | world. Whereas the growth rates of international arrivals
2 I, 2. 3 | participation/ employment rates of immigrants and their
3 I, 2. 3 | termination shows that abortion rates are much higher for foreign
4 I, 2. 3 | Africa had higher fertility rates than non-immigrants. However,
5 I, 2. 3 | generation, have much lower rates, mostly only slightly more
6 I, 2. 4 | being poor. Relative poverty rates in the EU25 range from 8%
7 I, 2. 4 | incidence and prevalence rates, treatment and cure rates,
8 I, 2. 4 | rates, treatment and cure rates, and access to health services (
9 I, 2. 4 | countries with available data, rates of premature mortality are
10 I, 2. 4 | the relative gap in death rates is generally the result
11 I, 2. 4 | political transition, mortality rates have changed dramatically
12 I, 2. 4 | available data, mortality rates have generally improved
13 I, 2. 4 | widening of the gap in death rates. The fact that this is not
14 I, 2. 4 | the case with mortality, rates of morbidity are usually
15 I, 2. 4 | turn lead to higher poverty rates.~ ~While healthcare systems
16 I, 2. 5 | 2.5. Unemployment rates and workforce ageing~ ~ ~
17 I, 2. 5 | limited impact.~ ~Unemployment rates. During the period 2006-
18 I, 2. 5 | existing among unemployment rates of different Member States
19 I, 2. 5 | States and that unemployment rates are for people aged less
20 I, 2. 5 | years old. Unemployment rates will likely increase due
21 I, 2. 5 | turn lead to higher poverty rates. The 15th edition of the
22 I, 2. 5 | participation/ employment rates of immigrants and their
23 I, 2. 6 | developments in enrolment rates. The number of students
24 I, 3. 1 | reported the highest fertility rates, while the Slovak Republic (
25 I, 3. 1 | Member States had fertility rates below 1.5 in 2005.~ ~The
26 I, 3. 1 | slightly higher fertility rates than elsewhere in the EU,
27 I, 3. 1 | decline in (period) fertility rates. As soon as the postponement
28 I, 3. 1 | the (period) fertility rates may stabilize or even rise.
29 I, 3. 1 | pregnancy, i.e. the conception rates outside marriage are higher
30 I, 3. 1 | are higher than the birth rates outside marriage.3~ ~
31 I, 3. 1. 0(3)| However, non-marital birth rates may not include children
32 I, 3. 2 | and the Netherlands the rates of natural population increase
33 I, 3. 2 | The ‘lowest low’ fertility rates in these Member States are
34 I, 3. 3 | mortality and migration rates in a specific period constitute
35 I, 3. 3 | subsequent fall in fertility rates in the late 1960s and by
36 I, 3. 3 | highest average annual growth rates from 2005 to 2049. Their
37 I, 3. 3 | countries with the lowest growth rates are again Sweden (1%) and
38 I, 3. 3 | hardly changed over time. The rates slightly rose in the past
39 II, 4. 1 | services than to employment rates.~ ~Longevity gaps in the
40 II, 4. 2 | patterns of change in mortality rates. The decline in mortality
41 II, 4. 2 | The decline in mortality rates has not been the same for
42 II, 4. 2 | the decline in mortality rates at old ages has become the
43 II, 4. 2 | of changes in mortality rates at different ages and of
44 II, 4. 2 | The decline in mortality rates for the elderly has become
45 II, 4. 2 | the levels of mortality rates at older ages for women
46 II, 4. 2 | 2.1. Standardized death rates in EU27 in 2005~ ~Inequalities
47 II, 5. 2. 1 | is experiencing declining rates of mortality from CVD, there
48 II, 5. 2. 2 | analyzed to obtain mortality rates (htt u, 2007).~IHD mortality
49 II, 5. 2. 2 | Age-specific total mortality rates for the average of the last
50 II, 5. 2. 2 | 35-74 years) mortality rates were calculated for the
51 II, 5. 2. 2 | Northern Europe and mortality rates are higher compared to those
52 II, 5. 2. 2 | calculate hospital discharge rates for all CVD, IHD, acute
53 II, 5. 2. 2 | analyze temporal trends. Crude rates for all ages for the last
54 II, 5. 2. 2 | mean annual coronary events rates derived from 10-year surveillance (
55 II, 5. 2. 2 | analyzed to obtain mortality rates (htt u, 2007). Stroke mortality
56 II, 5. 2. 2 | Age-standardized mortality rates for the age groups 35-74
57 II, 5. 2. 2 | countries because mortality rates are higher compared to those
58 II, 5. 2. 2 | were not analyzed. Crude rates for all ages for the last
59 II, 5. 2. 2 | years as mean stroke attack rates derived from the last 3
60 II, 5. 2. 3 | report standardized mortality rates only for 35-74 age range,
61 II, 5. 2. 3 | project. However, mortality rates for the different age ranges (
62 II, 5. 2. 3 | and IHD for 15%. Mortality rates are higher in men than in
63 II, 5. 2. 3 | with the highest mortality rates in Baltic1, Central Eastern
64 II, 5. 2. 3 | recent data (2001-2003), the rates vary from 42.7 deaths per
65 II, 5. 2. 3 | European population) mortality rates per 100.000.~ ~Mortality
66 II, 5. 2. 3 | from 1994 to 2003 mortality rates in the 35-74 age range fell
67 II, 5. 2. 3 | 2.2) for whom mortality rates fell by 40% in Central Europe
68 II, 5. 2. 3 | Age-standardized mortality rates per 100.000. Trends for
69 II, 5. 2. 3 | Age-standardized mortality rates per 100.000. Trends for
70 II, 5. 2. 3 | Crude hospital discharge rates (x100.000) from all CVD,
71 II, 5. 2. 3 | ages~ ~Revascularization rates represent another important
72 II, 5. 2. 3 | Europe countries have lower rates than Northern and Southern
73 II, 5. 2. 3 | IHD.~ ~Table 5.2.3. Crude rates per 1 million population
74 II, 5. 2. 3 | here we can see mean attack rates of 10-year surveillance
75 II, 5. 2. 3 | Trends for age-adjusted event rates are also reported (Tunstall-Pedoe
76 II, 5. 2. 3 | Mean annual coronary events rates (fatal and non fatal in
77 II, 5. 2. 3 | decline in IHD mortality rates has been greater for countries
78 II, 5. 2. 3 | with the highest mortality rates. Not surprisingly, mortality
79 II, 5. 2. 3 | surprisingly, mortality rates are much higher for men
80 II, 5. 2. 3 | than for women; mortality rates have been falling faster
81 II, 5. 2. 3 | Faster declining mortality rates for men have narrowed the
82 II, 5. 2. 3 | report standardized mortality rates only for the 35-84 age range,
83 II, 5. 2. 3 | cerebrovascular mortality rates per 100.000 men and women
84 II, 5. 2. 3 | from 1994 to 2003 mortality rates in the age range 35-84 fell
85 II, 5. 2. 3 | 000). In 2003, mortality rates in Central Europe countries
86 II, 5. 2. 3 | with the highest mortality rates in Baltic Europe and Eastern
87 II, 5. 2. 3 | European population) mortality rates per 100.000 Cerebrovascular
88 II, 5. 2. 3 | 2.4) for which mortality rates fell by 39% in Central Europe (
89 II, 5. 2. 3 | per 100.000). Mortality rates increased by 21% in Eastern
90 II, 5. 2. 3 | 000). In 2003, mortality rates in Southern Europe were
91 II, 5. 2. 3 | European population) mortality rates per 100.000 Cerebrovascular
92 II, 5. 2. 3 | stroke hospital discharge rates for men and women of all
93 II, 5. 2. 3 | 5.2.6: here mean attack rates of the last 3 years of surveillance
94 II, 5. 2. 3 | attack and case fatality rates with changes in mortality
95 II, 5. 2. 3 | with changes in mortality rates revealed that two thirds
96 II, 5. 2. 3 | in countries with higher rates. The decline would be only
97 II, 5. 2. 5 | et al, 2005).~The falling rates have resulted in longer
98 II, 5. 2. 5 | By 1992, CVD mortality rates for men aged 35-64 had dropped
99 II, 5. 2. 7 | trends in coronary event rates across the WHO MONICA Project
100 II, 5. 2. 7 | changes in stroke event rates or case fatality?. Stroke
101 II, 5. 2. 7 | mortality from heart disease: rates and trends. Int J Epidemiol
102 II, 5. 2. 7 | explain trends in Stroke event rates? Comparisons of 15 populations
103 II, 5. 2. 7 | survival and coronary-event rates to changes in coronary heart
104 II, 5. 2. 7 | improving survival, event rates, and coronary heart disease
105 II, 5. 3. 1 | Mortality: cancer mortality rates show the number of deaths
106 II, 5. 3. 2 | lymphoma and oral cancer rates are higher in ethnic minorities;~-
107 II, 5. 3. 2 | differences in cancer survival rates across Europe. A further
108 II, 5. 3. 5 | 2007). Maximum incidence rates (Figures 5.3.1) were estimated
109 II, 5. 3. 5 | 000). Maximum mortality rates (Figures 5.3.3) were estimated
110 II, 5. 3. 5 | The highest incidence rates in 2006 were in Western
111 II, 5. 3. 5 | while the highest mortality rates were reported in Eastern
112 II, 5. 3. 5 | 3.2 show that incidence rates are increasing both in men
113 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
114 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
115 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
116 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
117 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
118 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
119 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
120 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
121 II, 5. 3. 5 | maximum levels of incidence rates (Figures 5.3.5) were estimated
122 II, 5. 3. 5 | maximum levels of mortality rates (Figures 5.3.7) were estimated
123 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
124 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
125 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
126 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
127 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
128 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
129 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
130 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
131 II, 5. 3. 5 | show that maximum incidence rates were estimated in Hungary
132 II, 5. 3. 5 | levels of incidence estimated rates (in respect with all the
133 II, 5. 3. 5 | Slovakia had higher mortality rates than the rest of Europe
134 II, 5. 3. 5 | Colorectal cancer incidence rates are increasing rather rapidly
135 II, 5. 3. 5 | 5.3.10a). Male mortality rates (Figure 5.3.12a) are declining
136 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
137 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
138 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
139 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
140 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
141 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
142 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
143 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
144 II, 5. 3. 5 | while in women incidence rates are lower.~Figures 5.3.13a
145 II, 5. 3. 5 | against Sweden with minimum rates (29 new cases and 29 deaths
146 II, 5. 3. 5 | mortality (Figure 5.3.16a) rates (in respect of other macro-areas)
147 II, 5. 3. 5 | mortality (Figure 5.3.16b) rates for women (31 new cases
148 II, 5. 3. 5 | incidence and mortality rates are now declining for all
149 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
150 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
151 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
152 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) by sex
153 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
154 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
155 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
156 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) by sex
157 II, 5. 3. 5 | 2007). The high incidence rates in recent years in the more
158 II, 5. 3. 5 | shows that in 2007 mortality rates varied by 17 deaths (in
159 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) in 2006~
160 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence rates (European standard)~Figure
161 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) in 2006~
162 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard)~ ~Cervical
163 II, 5. 3. 5 | Cervical cancer incidence rates can be influenced by screening
164 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) in 2002~
165 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard)~Figure
166 II, 5. 3. 5 | cancer standardized mortality rates (European standard) in the
167 II, 5. 3. 5 | cancer standardized mortality rates (European standard) in the
168 II, 5. 3. 5 | Comparison of prostate cancer rates in European populations
169 II, 5. 3. 5 | the increase of incidence rates in Western, Northern and
170 II, 5. 3. 5 | test diffusion. Mortality rates by years (Figure 5.3.28)
171 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard) in 2006~
172 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized incidence estimated rates (European standard)~Figure
173 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard) in 2006~
174 II, 5. 3. 5 | standardized mortality rates (European standard)~ ~
175 II, 5. 3. 6 | countries, but at different rates (data not showed). Improvements
176 II, 5. 3. 6 | countries, where survival rates were already high for patients
177 II, 5. 3. 6 | of breast cancer survival rates between the Nordic countries
178 II, 5. 3. 6 | 5-year relative survival rates for prostate cancer differed
179 II, 5. 3. 7 | Estimating the range of survival rates allows the identification
180 II, 5. 3. 8 | In Europe the incidence rates for most cancer types are
181 II, 5. 4. 1 | regions with the highest rates are the Eastern Mediterranean
182 II, 5. 4. 1 | have the largest prevalence rates with 11.8% and 11.1%, while
183 II, 5. 4. 1 | general experience prevalence rates above 10%. Diabetes mellitus
184 II, 5. 4. 2 | lower extremity amputations rates, annual eye examination
185 II, 5. 4. 2 | Lower extremity amputation rates~Kidney disease in persons
186 II, 5. 4. 2 | significantly to define estimates of rates of complications that are
187 II, 5. 4. 2 | information on fatality rates, but they can also hide
188 II, 5. 4. 2 | To obtain unbiased event rates after hospital interventions
189 II, 5. 4. 3 | over centres and sexes, the rates of increase were 6.3% (4.
190 II, 5. 4. 4 | found in dialysis. Mortality rates are extremely important,
191 II, 5. 4. 6 | experience the highest prevalence rates in Europe, and will rank
192 II, 5. 5.Int | this can result in high rates of anxiety and depression,
193 II, 5. 5.Int | et al18, the prevalence rates in Western countries for
194 II, 5. 5.Int | affect older people, but rates increase with age, doubling
195 II, 5. 5.Int | After the age of 85 years rates of Alzheimer’s Disease (
196 II, 5. 5.Int | studies also noted that the rates of AD were higher among
197 II, 5. 5. 1 | considerably in suicide rates. Seven of the 27 EU Member
198 II, 5. 5. 1 | countries in male suicide rates, and five in female suicide
199 II, 5. 5. 1 | and five in female suicide rates (WHO, most recent year available
200 II, 5. 5. 1 | the highest total suicide rates (standardised death rate)
201 II, 5. 5. 1 | most Member States, suicide rates are higher for people over
202 II, 5. 5. 1 | for determining suicide rates. ~ ~Routinely collected
203 II, 5. 5. 1 | based on hospital discharge rates do not reflect the reality
204 II, 5. 5. 1 | standardisation delivers death rates which represent what the
205 II, 5. 5. 1 | absolute numbers, crude death rates and standardised death rates.
206 II, 5. 5. 1 | rates and standardised death rates. Data is available in principle
207 II, 5. 5. 1 | comparison of absolute prevalence rates. Reports of access to care
208 II, 5. 5. 1 | and 12 month prevalence rates (%) for mood and anxiety
209 II, 5. 5. 1 | Suicides~ ~The mortality rates for suicides and intentional
210 II, 5. 5. 1 | that the highest mortality rates of suicide and intentional
211 II, 5. 5. 1 | Respectively the lowest rates have been observed in Cyprus,
212 II, 5. 5. 1 | annual age adjusted mortality rates due to suicide and self
213 II, 5. 5. 1 | Annually age adjusted mortality rates due to suicide and self
214 II, 5. 5. 1 | Age adjusted mortality rates and trends due to suicide
215 II, 5. 5. 1 | in age-adjusted mortality rates in Belgium, Ireland, Spain,
216 II, 5. 5. 1 | Table 5.5.1.8) the suicide rates were considerably low and
217 II, 5. 5. 1 | group the lowest suicide rates were found in Greece, Malta
218 II, 5. 5. 1 | 65+ age group the highest rates were reported in Hungary,
219 II, 5. 5. 1 | whereas the lowest suicide rates were in Greece, United Kingdom
220 II, 5. 5. 1 | yearly age adjusted mortality rates (SMR) of the last 3 available
221 II, 5. 5. 1 | lower suicide mortality rates compared to men.~ ~Mortality
222 II, 5. 5. 1 | compared to men.~ ~Mortality rates for suicide are higher in
223 II, 5. 5. 2 | with a set of prevalence rates for men and women in 9 different
224 II, 5. 5. 2 | the resulting prevalence rates for other countries where
225 II, 5. 5. 2 | only used the prevalence rates for Western Europe (Region
226 II, 5. 5. 2 | the resulting prevalence rates. In the EURODEM study, for
227 II, 5. 5. 2 | calculated separate prevalence rates per 5 year age groups up
228 II, 5. 5. 2 | Prevalence~ ~The prevalence rates for the EURODEM and Ferri
229 II, 5. 5. 2 | 2.1. EURODEM prevalence rates~ ~Table 5.5.2.2. Prevalence
230 II, 5. 5. 2 | Table 5.5.2.2. Prevalence rates reported by Ferri et al (
231 II, 5. 5. 2 | Using these prevalence rates and the population statistics
232 II, 5. 5. 2 | depending on which prevalence rates are used). This represents
233 II, 5. 5. 2 | to 1.25% (using EURODEM rates). This is currently the
234 II, 5. 5. 2 | based on their prevalence rates and UN population estimates
235 II, 5. 5. 2 | new consensual prevalence rates for dementia. A database
236 II, 5. 5. 2 | of consensual prevalence rates, guidelines on diagnosis,
237 II, 5. 5. 3 | the service utilization rates as reported in community-based
238 II, 5. 5. 3 | remarkable unemployment rates and disability pensions,
239 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence rates for mental disorders as
240 II, 5. 5. 3 | In most studies incidence rates are based on data of first
241 II, 5. 5. 3 | reliability of incidence rates. The renaming of “Schizophrenia”
242 II, 5. 5. 3 | data concerning morbidity rates (European Hospital Morbidity
243 II, 5. 5. 3 | on discharges, admission rates and lengths of hospital
244 II, 5. 5. 3 | countries. WHO mortality rates are available for schizophrenia (
245 II, 5. 5. 3 | burden of disease are death rates due to the diagnosis of
246 II, 5. 5. 3 | interest, hospital admission rates as indicators for prevalence -
247 II, 5. 5. 3 | Mortality~The crude F20-death rates per 100 000 inhabitants
248 II, 5. 5. 3 | Database show very high rates in Hungary and especially
249 II, 5. 5. 3 | difference between reported death rates in statistics and expected
250 II, 5. 5. 3 | statistics and expected mortality rates according to literature.~
251 II, 5. 5. 3 | The projected mortality rates for schizophrenia according
252 II, 5. 5. 3 | schizophrenia-attributed mortality rates stated in literature (Saha,
253 II, 5. 5. 3 | unnatural deaths. Death rates caused by schizophrenia
254 II, 5. 5. 3 | assignment.~Lifetime suicide rates for schizophrenia of 10%
255 II, 5. 5. 3 | a comparison of suicide rates from the pre-community care
256 II, 5. 5. 3 | Hospital-Morbidity~Admission rates according to EDMD show some
257 II, 5. 5. 3 | incidence or prevalence rates in these countries. Some
258 II, 5. 5. 3 | standardized in-patient admission rates per 1000; Main diagnosis:
259 II, 5. 5. 3 | Figure 5.5.3.2.3. Admission rates trend over time~The trend
260 II, 5. 5. 3 | trend over time of admission rates reflects the tendency of
261 II, 5. 5. 3 | hospital in-patient admission rates, average length of stay
262 II, 5. 5. 3 | difference in discharge rates from psychiatric hospitals
263 II, 5. 5. 3 | due to schizophrenia~DALY rates for schizophrenia are especially
264 II, 5. 5. 3 | high schizophrenia DALY rates estimated from data of 2002
265 II, 5. 5. 3 | typical community prevalence rates (25-30%), the rate of nicotine
266 II, 5. 5. 3 | rate compared to community rates (Coodin, 2001; Silverstone,
267 II, 5. 5. 3 | calculated on service utilization rates in these surveys, population
268 II, 5. 5. 3 | population size, and prevalence rates was as follows:~Mini survey
269 II, 5. 5. 3 | in increased disability rates.~The efficacy-effectiveness
270 II, 5. 5. 3 | findings suggest higher rates compared to many other countries (
271 II, 5. 5. 3 | medication. Median non-compliance rates are 50%, thus being similar
272 II, 5. 5. 3 | and somatic diseases. The rates vary widely depending on
273 II, 5. 5. 3 | incidence and prevalence rates, risk factors etc is most
274 II, 5. 5. 3 | 2006): Lifetime suicide rates in treated schizophrenia:
275 II, 5. 5. 3 | ICD-10 code. Elevated death rates are due to several causes,
276 II, 5. 5. 3 | variability in reported autism rates comes from incomplete ascertainment
277 II, 5. 5. 3 | multiple surveys. ~Prevalence rates have been estimated in different
278 II, 5. 5. 3 | developed in 2000, found ASD rates ranged from one in 222 children
279 II, 5. 5. 3 | The 2002 study found ASD rates ranging from one in 303
280 II, 5. 5. 3 | results of surveys reporting rates at variance with those of
281 II, 5. 5. 3 | age-specific incidence rates of epilepsy tended to decrease
282 II, 5. 5. 3 | statistics give annual mortality rates at 1-2 per 100,000 (Massey
283 II, 5. 5. 3 | cohorts (Jallon, 2004).~These rates were not significantly different
284 II, 5. 5. 3 | available.~Differient mortality rates have been found for different
285 II, 5. 5. 3 | The wide difference in rates may be mostly explained
286 II, 5. 5. 3 | Barraclough, 1987). Suicide rates may be even higher (SMR
287 II, 5. 5. 3 | Unemployment and underemployment rates are generally higher in
288 II, 5. 5. 3 | under- and unemployment rates and the unnecessary job
289 II, 5. 5. 3 | In addition, unemployment rates are fairly low (15%) in
290 II, 5. 5. 3 | is associated with higher rates of unemployment (Smeets
291 II, 5. 5. 3 | Europe, where unemployment rates are even greater than those
292 II, 5. 5. 3 | the fairly low accident rates in people with epilepsy (
293 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and mortality rates are expected in these countries.
294 II, 5. 5. 3 | age-specific incidence rates of epilepsy in the younger
295 II, 5. 5. 3 | trends in first attendance rates, prevalence, and prognosis.
296 II, 5. 5. 3 | population, and age-standardised rates were reported.~The distribution
297 II, 5. 5. 3 | to level off. Scotland’s rates are at least twice those
298 II, 5. 5. 3 | regions. The higher prevalence rates of MS reported in some regions
299 II, 5. 5. 3 | areas. Mean annual incidence rates have increased significantly
300 II, 5. 5. 3 | period, with the highest rates reported in the western
301 II, 5. 5. 3 | Seinäjoki, intermediate rates in central Finland and coastal
302 II, 5. 5. 3 | Vaasa and relatively lower rates in Uusimaa in the south.
303 II, 5. 5. 3 | data). Similar prevalence rates were found in the Netherlands,
304 II, 5. 5. 3 | the Czech Republic, with rates up to 160 in three small
305 II, 5. 5. 3 | districts, and in Hungary, with rates up to 79 in Fejer County.~
306 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence but not to incidence rates, indicating a focal distribution
307 II, 5. 5. 3 | central Spain found prevalence rates of 32–58 and mean annual
308 II, 5. 5. 3 | and mean annual incidence rates from 2–4 in the 1990s. Prevalence
309 II, 5. 5. 3 | Prevalence and incidence rates in the island of Sardinia
310 II, 5. 5. 3 | higher than the national mean rates and showed a significantly
311 II, 5. 5. 3 | account for underestimation of rates in these areas.~In brief,
312 II, 5. 5. 3 | to 190 per 100 000. Mean rates are higher in northern countries,
313 II, 5. 5. 3 | variability in prevalence rates among and within Countries
314 II, 5. 5. 3 | countries~ ~MS mortality rates and survival time in Europe~
315 II, 5. 5. 3 | 2002 (WHO, 2004a). However, rates up to 3.6 per 100 000 are
316 II, 5. 5. 3 | An overview of mortality rates in Europe is reported in
317 II, 5. 5. 3 | women. The highest mortality rates from MS in Austria were
318 II, 5. 5. 3 | age-specific prevalence rates, on the distribution of
319 II, 5. 5. 3 | course, and on incidence rates lacks for nearly two thirds
320 II, 5. 5. 3 | incidence and prevalence rates between studies.~A decreasing
321 II, 5. 5. 3 | distribution of MS prevalence rates across Europe has been observed.
322 II, 5. 5. 3 | cannot be ruled out. Mean rates tend to be higher in countries
323 II, 5. 5. 3 | variability in prevalence rates among and within countries
324 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence rates where multiple assessments
325 II, 5. 5. 3 | found if crude prevalence rates were considered (Zivadinov
326 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence rates age-adjusted to the European (
327 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence rates, age at disease onset, life
328 II, 5. 5. 3 | decreasing trend of mortality rates over time reported for many
329 II, 5. 5. 3 | Survival and mortality rates among Danes with MS. Int
330 II, 5. 5. 3 | incidence and prevalence rates in Denmark 1948–64 based
331 II, 5. 5. 3 | incidence and prevalence rates in epidemiological studies
332 II, 5. 5. 3 | EUGLOREH countries~Incidence rates for PD in different studies
333 II, 5. 5. 3 | Estimates of crude prevalence rates varied considerably, from
334 II, 5. 5. 3 | age-specific prevalence rates were not provided in all
335 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence rates for PD in the general population
336 II, 5. 5. 3 | years) were included, the rates of prevalence and incidence
337 II, 5. 5. 3 | large observed variations in rates (65.6 to 12,500/100,000)
338 II, 5. 5. 3 | also influence estimated rates (Anderson et al, 1998);
339 II, 5. 5. 3 | relative level of disability. Rates stratified by HY could be
340 II, 5. 5. 3 | the different incidence rates observed; these methodological
341 II, 5. 5. 3 | 1973 (Singer 1973). The rates of patients not working
342 II, 5. 6. 3 | Incidence and Prevalence Rates~ ~Musculoskeletal Pain and
343 II, 5. 6. 3 | cost. Total hip replacement rates, usually for OA, vary in
344 II, 5. 6. 3 | alone. Spontaneous remission rates are only 5-7% with a median
345 II, 5. 6. 3 | inpatient care and admission rates which vary within and between
346 II, 5. 6. 3 | increases with age, with rates of 2/100,000 person-years
347 II, 5. 6. 3 | years of age and older, with rates in men of 4 and 1909 respectively (
348 II, 5. 6. 3 | The highest incidence rates have been reported from
349 II, 5. 6. 3 | respectively, with hospitalization rates of 23% and 19% respectively (
350 II, 5. 6. 3 | osteoporosis. The incidence rates of proximal humeral, pelvic
351 II, 5. 6. 3 | aged over 50 in Europe. The rates vary between populations
352 II, 5. 6. 3 | and sex-adjusted incidence rates for vertebral deformity
353 II, 5. 6. 3 | results in hospitalisation rates of 23% of men and 19% of
354 II, 5. 6. 6 | musculoskeletal pain, prevalence rates, and sociodemographic associations
355 II, 5. 6. 6 | Variation in Hip Replacement Rates. Ann Rheum Dis 62(3):222-
356 II, 5. 7. 3 | contrasts with ESRD incidence rates which are three times higher
357 II, 5. 7. 3 | In 2005 the incidence rates of RRT for ESRD ranged from
358 II, 5. 7. 3 | 7.3). Whereas incidence rates in Canada (160 pmp in 2005)
359 II, 5. 7. 3 | those in Europe, incidence rates in US whites (286 pmp in
360 II, 5. 7. 3 | differences in absolute incidence rates of RRT for ESRD across countries,
361 II, 5. 7. 3 | consistent increase in incidence rates in virtually all Member
362 II, 5. 7. 3 | increase in the incidence rates of RRT for diabetic and
363 II, 5. 7. 3 | After 2002, the incidence rates have tended to stabilize.
364 II, 5. 7. 3 | The increasing incidence rates together with improvements
365 II, 5. 7. 3 | high. Five-year mortality rates in incident RRT patients
366 II, 5. 7. 3 | and five-year mortality rates in incident RRT patients
367 II, 5. 7. 3 | differences in absolute incidence rates of RRT for ESRD across countries,
368 II, 5. 7. 3 | consistent increase in incidence rates in virtually all Member
369 II, 5. 7. 3 | increase in the incidence rates of RRT for diabetic and
370 II, 5. 7. 3 | After 2002 the incidence rates have tended to stabilize.
371 II, 5. 7. 3 | The increasing incidence rates together with improvements
372 II, 5. 7. 3 | increasing organ donation rates.~ ~
373 II, 5. 7. 4 | differences in the incidence rates of RRT for diabetic ESRD
374 II, 5. 7. 4 | in the overall incidence rates of RRT between Member States
375 II, 5. 7. 6 | increase organ donation rates. Some countries (Spain,
376 II, 5. 7. 6 | ensure superior donation rates. Legislation and the development
377 II, 5. 7. 6 | improving organ donation rates ( see also the Chapter 9.
378 II, 5. 8. 3 | reported cumulative incidence rates of GOLD-defined COPD of
379 II, 5. 8. 3 | variability of prevalence rates according to different diagnostic
380 II, 5. 8. 3 | underlined: a study reported rates ranging from 0.23 to 18.
381 II, 5. 8. 3 | Northern Italy, AO prevalence rates ranged from 11.0% with the
382 II, 5. 8. 3 | the trends in mortality rates over time provide some important
383 II, 5. 8. 3 | in age-standardized death rates for the six leading causes
384 II, 5. 8. 3 | reported with prevalence rates reaching 47% . Moreover,
385 II, 5. 8. 4 | Figure 5.8.3. Incidence rates of COPD and smoking habit
386 II, 5. 8. 4 | of 20-45, with prevalence rates of 11.8% for the pre-clinical
387 II, 5. 9. FB | that occurs when infection rates decline.~ ~Obesity also
388 II, 5. 9. 3 | Prevalence~ ~Prevalence rates~ ~ISAAC showed a more than
389 II, 5. 9. 3 | that the highest prevalence rates of asthmatic symptoms in
390 II, 5. 9. 3 | is concerned, the highest rates have been declared by Portugal,
391 II, 5. 9. 3 | Trends in prevalence rates~A substantial increase in
392 II, 5. 9. 3 | low and Standardized Death Rates (per 100,000 people) in
393 II, 5. 9. 7 | sex specific prevalence rates for childhood asthma, eczema,
394 II, 5. 10. 2 | collect data on prevalence rates of self-perceived FHS using
395 II, 5. 10. 3 | allergy/intolerance prevalence rates and 95% Confidence Intervals
396 II, 5. 11. 3 | all children. The highest rates (around 20%) are observed
397 II, 5. 11. 3 | and UK, whilst the lowest rates of around 5% are found in
398 II, 5. 11. 3 | et al, 1994a) with higher rates in socio-economically advantaged
399 II, 5. 11. 3 | differences in prevalence rates were seen in a community
400 II, 5. 11. 3 | and region, with higher rates in the South East and industrialized
401 II, 5. 11. 3 | industrialized Midlands and lower rates in Wales and Scotland.~ ~
402 II, 5. 11. 3 | simplex. Detailed prevalence rates for the various endogenous
403 II, 5. 11. 3 | allergy, with the highest rates in those with pierced ears (
404 II, 5. 11. 3 | Europeans overall, with rates as high as 6% in France
405 II, 5. 11. 3 | 5.11.3. Age-standardized rates of non melanoma skin cancer
406 II, 5. 11. 3 | et al, 2001). Incidence rates increased substantially
407 II, 5. 11. 3 | During this period, incidence rates of BCC increased by 70.4%
408 II, 5. 11. 3 | in women, while incidence rates of SCC increased by 13.5%
409 II, 5. 11. 3 | picture than melanoma. The rates are higher in men and women
410 II, 5. 11. 3 | during the 1990s, incidence rates were higher in northern
411 II, 5. 11. 3 | southern Europe. Mortality rates have been rising steadily
412 II, 5. 11. 3 | the early 1980s. Mortality rates have also leveled off in
413 II, 5. 11. 3 | that melanoma mortality rates in the mid-1990s (1993–1997)
414 II, 5. 11. 7 | 2001): Increasing incidence rates of squamous cell carcinoma
415 II, 5. 12. 1 | highest cirrhosis mortality rates (around 30-40/100,000 men
416 II, 5. 12. 1 | Eastern Europe reaching rates over 58/100,000 men and
417 II, 5. 12. 2 | populations, age-specific rates for each five-year age group
418 II, 5. 12. 2 | computed. Age-standardized rates per 100,000 population,
419 II, 5. 12. 2 | natural logarithm of the rates using calendar year as a
420 II, 5. 12. 2 | to represent the observed rates. Joinpoint regression models
421 II, 5. 12. 3 | age-standardized death certification rates from cirrhosis in men at
422 II, 5. 12. 3 | world population) mortality rates from cirrhosis per 100,000
423 II, 5. 12. 3 | corresponding change in rates.~ ~For European men, the
424 II, 5. 12. 3 | European men, the highest rates in the early 1980s were
425 II, 5. 12. 3 | France, Italy and Spain had rates between 12 and 15/100,000,
426 II, 5. 12. 3 | Malta and Sweden, where rates were around 10-13/100,000
427 II, 5. 12. 3 | Netherlands and Norway, whose rates remained around 5/100,000
428 II, 5. 12. 3 | the Czech Republic, whose rates declined from 27-34 in 1980-
429 II, 5. 12. 3 | Slovakia and Slovenia, whose rates in 2000-02 were 31-35/100,
430 II, 5. 12. 3 | European men: Denmark whose rates increased from 11.3 in 1980-
431 II, 5. 12. 3 | European countries in truncated rates (35-64 years of age) from
432 II, 5. 12. 3 | those observed in overall rates. However, the rises were
433 II, 5. 12. 3 | countries, with truncated rates reaching 172.2/100,000 men
434 II, 5. 12. 3 | extremely high mortality rates from cirrhosis in middle-aged
435 II, 5. 12. 3 | around 75/100,000).~Mortality rates from cirrhosis were lower
436 II, 5. 12. 3 | European women, the highest rates in 2000-02 were 22.6/100,
437 II, 5. 12. 3 | consideration truncated rates (35-64 years of age), in
438 II, 5. 12. 3 | high truncated mortality rates from cirrhosis (around 24-
439 II, 5. 12. 3 | world population) mortality rates from cirrhosis per 100,000
440 II, 5. 12. 3 | corresponding change in rates.~ ~The main findings from
441 II, 5. 12. 3 | analysis of cirrhosis mortality rates over the 1970-2002 period
442 II, 5. 12. 3 | analysis indicates that the rates have been steadily declining
443 II, 5. 12. 3 | decade only). In contrast, rates have been rising in Eastern
444 II, 5. 12. 3 | age-standardized cirrhosis mortality rates in men from selected EUGLOREH
445 II, 5. 12. 3 | age-standardized cirrhosis mortality rates in women from selected EUGLOREH
446 II, 5. 12. 3 | with a history of high rates. Conversely, persisting
447 II, 5. 12. 3 | factors on national mortality rates is difficult to quantify
448 II, 5. 12. 4 | 2001). The exceedingly high rates in the countries of Central
449 II, 5. 12. 7 | with applications to cancer rates. (Erratum in: Stat Med 2001;
450 II, 5. 12. 7 | Liver cirrhosis mortality rates in Britain, 1950 to 2002.
451 II, 5. 13 | elevated adult mortality rates and cardiovascular disease,
452 II, 5. 14. 1 | households have higher caries rates and more unmet dental treatment
453 II, 5. 14. 2 | Providers~The number and rates (per 100,000 population)
454 II, 5. 14. 2 | factors on the morbidity rates and quality of life of the
455 II, 5. 14. 3 | households have higher caries rates and more unmet dental treatment
456 II, 6. 3. 1 | highest crude incidence rates in the EU (Chlamydia infection
457 II, 6. 3. 1 | had the lowest incidence rates and also showed decreasing
458 II, 6. 3. 2 | hospitals, whereby individual rates are compared to those of
459 II, 6. 3. 2 | risk-adjusted infection rates. Since the latter requires
460 II, 6. 3. 3 | mature, with the highest rates found in Portugal. Among
461 II, 6. 3. 3 | inappropriate. The highest incidence rates were observed in the 15–
462 II, 6. 3. 3 | countries. The highest incidence rates were still recorded in Latvia (
463 II, 6. 3. 3 | countries, the highest incidence rates were reported by Iceland (
464 II, 6. 3. 3 | countries. The highest incidence rates per 100 000 per year were
465 II, 6. 3. 4 | The highest consultation rates were generally observed
466 II, 6. 3. 4 | all, the peak consultation rates due to influenza-like illness
467 II, 6. 3. 4 | in their TB notification rates. Subsequently, rates declined
468 II, 6. 3. 4 | notification rates. Subsequently, rates declined in most countries
469 II, 6. 3. 4 | elimination. In the Baltic States rates increased in the late 1990s,
470 II, 6. 3. 4 | Kingdom, however, overall rates increased substantially
471 II, 6. 3. 4 | Hungary, Poland and Portugal, rates have remained below 20 per
472 II, 6. 3. 4 | Westernised economies where TB rates are low and disease increasingly
473 II, 6. 3. 4 | characterised by high TB rates, low migrant TB and high
474 II, 6. 3. 4 | the EU in 2004, where TB rates are moderate, cases of foreign
475 II, 6. 3. 4 | the indigenous population, rates increase slowly with age
476 II, 6. 3. 4 | countries with higher overall rates, the proportion of foreigners
477 II, 6. 3. 4 | with high case fatality rates, especially among elderly (
478 II, 6. 3. 5 | States, and reported tetanus rates are around one per million
479 II, 6. 3. 5 | meningococcal infections. Rates for invasive pneumococcal
480 II, 6. 3. 5 | public attention. Annual rates remain relatively stable
481 II, 6. 3. 5 | reported the highest incidence rates. Incidence rates were the
482 II, 6. 3. 5 | incidence rates. Incidence rates were the highest in the
483 II, 6. 3. 5 | years of age, the incidence rates increased with age.~ ~ ~
484 II, 6. 3. 5 | reported the highest incidence rates.~ ~Invasive infection caused
485 II, 6. 3. 5 | and 2003. The incidence rates were always below 0.2 per
486 II, 6. 3. 5 | States, tetanus incidence rates were below 0.35 per 100
487 II, 6. 3. 5 | and the highest incidence rates were in Malta (0.25 per
488 II, 6. 3. 5 | per year and the highest rates per 100 000 were reported
489 II, 6. 3. 5 | reported the highest incidence rates (77.24 and 28.95 per 100
490 II, 6. 3. 5 | 000) reporting the highest rates. The age and sex distribution
491 II, 6. 3. 6 | highest national incidence rates. As shigellosis is highly
492 II, 6. 3. 6 | reporting the highest incidence rates. The overall incidence in
493 II, 6. 3. 6 | reported the highest incidence rates. More than half the reported
494 II, 6. 3. 6 | reported the highest incidence rates.~ ~Botulism~ ~Botulism is
495 II, 6. 3. 6 | reported the highest incidence rates.~ ~Cryptosporidiosis~ ~Cryptosporidiosis
496 II, 6. 3. 6 | reporting the highest incidence rates. Most cases occurred in
497 II, 6. 3. 6 | reported the highest incidence rates. The real number of cases
498 II, 6. 3. 6 | reported the highest incidence rates. The two most affected age
499 II, 6. 3. 7 | reported the highest incidence rates.~ ~ ~Puumala haemorrhagic
500 II, 6. 3. 7 | reported the highest incidence rates (0.49 per 100 000 and 0.
|
|
| |
