Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 4 | and most specific forms of disability;~· over the past decades,
2 I, 2. 4 | due to physical or mental disability or to linguistic or cultural
3 II, 4.Acr | Acronyms~DFLE~Disability Free Life Expectancy (DFLE0
4 II, 4. 1 | morbidity, perceived health and disability, the latter by means of
5 II, 4. 1 | The HLY is based on the disability measure: limitation in activities
6 II, 4. 1 | health problem, illness or disability and whether they are hampered
7 II, 4. 1 | number of years without disability than in total life expectancy,
8 II, 4. 1 | proportion of life free of disability in the EU15. However, there
9 II, 4. 1 | experience a compression of disability, whilst Denmark, the Netherlands,
10 II, 4. 1 | experience a compression of disability whilst Germany, Ireland,
11 II, 4. 1 | differential reporting of disability or the omission of the institutionalized
12 II, 4. 1 | and years lived free of disability), between men and women
13 II, 4. 1 | the required harmonized disability data for the HLY, thus addressing
14 II, 4. 3 | Monitoring population disability: evaluation of a new Global
15 II, 5. 2. 1 | is also a major cause of disability and reduced quality of life.~ ~
16 II, 5. 2. 1 | loss of quality of life, disability, and life long dependence
17 II, 5. 2. 3 | single cause of death and disability. A continuous increase was
18 II, 5. 5.Int(9)| english/employment/skills/disability/download/execsums.pdf]~
19 II, 5. 5.Int | causes of years lived with disability are due to neuropsychiatric
20 II, 5. 5.Int | discrimination on the ground of disability in the field of employment; (
21 II, 5. 5.Int | assessment of mental health disability; Information society and
22 II, 5. 5. 1 | prevalence, risk factors, disability, health-related quality
23 II, 5. 5. 1 | Chaterji S, Agu C (2008). Disability and treatment of specific
24 II, 5. 5. 2 | by provisions linked to disability. In countries where the
25 II, 5. 5. 2 | prevention is to try to limit disability and dependency which tend
26 II, 5. 5. 3 | frequently leading to severe disability with disease onset usually
27 II, 5. 5. 3 | major contributor to DALYs (Disability Adjusted Life Years) and
28 II, 5. 5. 3 | and YLDs (Years Lived with Disability). People with schizophrenia
29 II, 5. 5. 3 | remarkable unemployment rates and disability pensions, as well as increased
30 II, 5. 5. 3 | the ten leading causes of disability adjusted life years for
31 II, 5. 5. 3 | causes of years lived with disability (WHO, 2001b).~ ~
32 II, 5. 5. 3 | of hospital stays and on disability adjusted life-years (DALYs).
33 II, 5. 5. 3 | data on outpatient care.~Disability adjusted life-years~In 2005,
34 II, 5. 5. 3 | second most frequent cause of disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
35 II, 5. 5. 3 | terms of years lived with disability (YLD), the portion is even
36 II, 5. 5. 3 | of the years lived with disability (unipolar depressive disorder
37 II, 5. 5. 3 | massive human and economic disability costs. Substantially reducing
38 II, 5. 5. 3 | develop strategies to prevent disability including the development
39 II, 5. 5. 3 | preventing morbidity and disability. There is often a long time
40 II, 5. 5. 3 | schizophrenia resulting in increased disability rates.~The efficacy-effectiveness
41 II, 5. 5. 3 | expenditures for social welfare, disability pensions etc. A comprehensive
42 II, 5. 5. 3 | 3.2.7. Acronyms~ ~DALYs~Disability Adjusted Life Years~DDD~
43 II, 5. 5. 3 | Dose~YLDs~Years Lived with Disability~HMDB~European Hospital Morbidity
44 II, 5. 5. 3 | people with severe learning disability (Sanchéz-Valle et al, 2007).~ ~ ~ ~
45 II, 5. 5. 3 | in children: prevalence, disability and handicap. Epilepsia
46 II, 5. 5. 3 | of non-traumatic physical disability in young adults (Sadovnick
47 II, 5. 5. 3 | recovery or by an increasing disability due to irreversible functional
48 II, 5. 5. 3 | irreversible functional disability over time (Ebers, 1998).
49 II, 5. 5. 3 | sex, disease course and disability,and that of MS mortality
50 II, 5. 5. 3 | reported.~The distribution of disability (Kurtzke, 1983) was categorised
51 II, 5. 5. 3 | categorised into mild (Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 0 to
52 II, 5. 5. 3 | severity indicated by means of disability score is shown in Table
53 II, 5. 5. 3 | burden of MS in Europe~ ~The disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
54 II, 5. 5. 3 | to mental and/or physical disability (years of life with disability,
55 II, 5. 5. 3 | disability (years of life with disability, YLDs) (Murray and Lopez,
56 II, 5. 5. 3 | degree and duration of disability. The total DALY for MS in
57 II, 5. 5. 3 | estimates.~A patient with mild disability at the EDSS (the greater
58 II, 5. 5. 3 | per year if with moderate disability, and €58 300 per year if
59 II, 5. 5. 3 | per year if with severe disability.~ ~
60 II, 5. 5. 3 | lumped to RR or PP ones.~ ~Disability~Several scales have been
61 II, 5. 5. 3 | have been used to measure disability in MS, aimed at evaluating
62 II, 5. 5. 3 | research, the burden of disability is most frequently presented
63 II, 5. 5. 3 | presented as Kurtzke’s Expanded Disability Status Score (EDSS) for
64 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalent cases (Kurtzke, 1983). Disability due to MS can be measured
65 II, 5. 5. 3 | which indicate the level of disability. Further lumping is often
66 II, 5. 5. 3 | ambulatory with the most moderate disability in at least one functional
67 II, 5. 5. 3 | although relatively severe disability, eventually constant bilateral
68 II, 5. 5. 3 | discrimination on the grounds of disability, and introduces the concept
69 II, 5. 5. 3 | age, gender, education, disability level) that were directly
70 II, 5. 5. 3 | Forum and the European Disability Forum. Its parent body at
71 II, 5. 5. 3 | Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis. N
72 II, 5. 5. 3 | progression of irreversible disability in multiple sclerosis: an
73 II, 5. 5. 3 | Calculating and presenting disability adjusted life years (DALYs):
74 II, 5. 5. 3 | multiple sclerosis and expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology
75 II, 5. 5. 3 | with MS. Journal of Chronic Disability 1985;38(2):203-10.~Lensky
76 II, 5. 5. 3 | assessment of the spectrum of disability and handicap in multiple
77 II, 5. 5. 3 | Central Nervous System~DALY~Disability Adjusted Life Years~DMSR~
78 II, 5. 5. 3 | Sclerosis Registry~EDSS~Expanded Disability Status Scale~EFTA~European
79 II, 5. 5. 3 | Organization~YLD~Years Of Life With Disability~YLL~Years Of Life Lost~ ~ ~ ~
80 II, 5. 5. 3 | disease results in severe disability (Horstink et al, 2006).
81 II, 5. 5. 3 | to severe impairment and disability. In particular, data on
82 II, 5. 5. 3 | indicate the relative level of disability. Rates stratified by HY
83 II, 5. 5. 3 | number of cases with mild disability (HYI-II) in some studies.
84 II, 5. 5. 3 | losses associated with the disability and mortality of PD.~The
85 II, 5. 5. 3 | formal healthcare sector. Disability due to PD causes a strong
86 II, 5. 5. 3 | study of prevalence and disability. Acta neurologica Scandinavica
87 II, 5. 6.Acr | Bone Mineral Density~DALYs~Disability Adjusted Life Years~HRT~
88 II, 5. 6.Acr | Arthritis~YLDs~Years Lived With Disability~ ~ ~
89 II, 5. 6. 1 | characterised by pain and physical disability. These symptoms can sometimes
90 II, 5. 6. 3 | prevalence; determinants; disability and quality of life; health
91 II, 5. 6. 3 | Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability~ ~Definitions~ ~Musculoskeletal
92 II, 5. 6. 3 | different group of diseases)~ ~Disability and quality of life~ ~Musculoskeletal
93 II, 5. 6. 3 | are the leading cause of disability for both men and women,
94 II, 5. 6. 3 | rheumatic diagnosis and disability, found that 24% of the whole
95 II, 5. 6. 3 | conditions are a major cause of disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
96 II, 5. 6. 3 | DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). They are seldom
97 II, 5. 6. 3 | seldom fatal and the level of disability for many is low to moderate.
98 II, 5. 6. 3 | leading to increased pain and disability (Dougados et al, 1992).
99 II, 5. 6. 3 | Table 5.6.4). The pain and disability associated with OA increases
100 II, 5. 6. 3 | prevalence and associated disability. Osteoarthritis results
101 II, 5. 6. 3 | life lost as a result of disability (Global burden and risk
102 II, 5. 6. 3 | cause of chronic pain and disability resulting in analgesic and
103 II, 5. 6. 3 | numbers with OA and greater disability. The burden however may
104 II, 5. 6. 3 | activity and reducing long-term disability. Early treatment aimed at
105 II, 5. 6. 3 | strategy to prevent this disability (European Commission (2004):
106 II, 5. 6. 3 | predictors of future functional disability in patients with early RA
107 II, 5. 6. 3 | cases had mild or moderate disability due to RA and less than
108 II, 5. 6. 3 | less than 10% had severe disability. The disability starts early
109 II, 5. 6. 3 | had severe disability. The disability starts early and rises in
110 II, 5. 6. 3 | no cure for RA, long term disability can be reduced with current
111 II, 5. 6. 3 | activity and reducing long-term disability, whilst early treatment
112 II, 5. 6. 3 | strategy to prevent this disability (European Commission (2004):
113 II, 5. 6. 3 | the home may also reduce disability. It has been recently estimated
114 II, 5. 6. 3 | optimally, the burden of disability due to RA might be further
115 II, 5. 6. 3 | the UK at various ages~ ~Disability~ ~Hip fracture results in
116 II, 5. 6. 3 | fractures are associated with disability. Co-morbidity is common
117 II, 5. 6. 3 | than physical aspects of disability and physical requirements
118 II, 5. 6. 4 | chronicity and resulting disability. This has major cost implications
119 II, 5. 6. 4 | indirect related to work disability and social care, with a
120 II, 5. 6. 4 | Woolf, 2008). The work disability and use of health resources
121 II, 5. 6. 4 | illustrated here below.~ ~Work disability~ ~In addition to functional
122 II, 5. 6. 4 | limitations in everyday life, work disability is a major consequence of
123 II, 5. 6. 4 | work ability. Permanent disability in the economically active
124 II, 5. 6. 4 | based upon register data on disability pensions. Temporary disability,
125 II, 5. 6. 4 | disability pensions. Temporary disability, on the other hand, might
126 II, 5. 6. 4 | are also common causes for disability pensions, along with mental
127 II, 5. 6. 4 | disorders as causes for disability pensions. In Norway, low
128 II, 5. 6. 4 | in per cent) of people on disability pensions due to musculoskeletal
129 II, 5. 6. 6 | chronic health problems, disability, and health care utilization:
130 II, 5. 6. 6 | 1989): OPCS Surveys of disability in Great Britain Report
131 II, 5. 6. 6 | Report 1: The prevalence of disability among adults.~ ~Department
132 II, 5. 6. 6 | 1989): OPCS Surveys of Disability in Great Britain Report
133 II, 5. 6. 6 | Report 1: Prevalence of disability among adults.~Oleksik A,
134 II, 5. 6. 6 | total burden of mobility disability in the Dutch population.
135 II, 5. 6. 6 | Tugwell P (1992): Physical disability among Canadians reporting
136 II, 5. 8. 1 | seventh cause of loss of disability adjusted life years (Mannino
137 II, 5. 8. 7 | projections of mortality and disability by cause 1990–2020: Global
138 II, 5. 10. 4 | manifestations, death and disability linked to anaphylactic reactions,
139 II, 5. 11. 1 | contact. Perhaps the greatest disability of all is to be unwelcome
140 II, 5. 11. 3 | frequent causes of occupational disability, need for job retraining,
141 II, 5. 11. 4 | 11.4. Societal impact~ ~Disability due to loss of function~
142 II, 5. 11. 4 | psoriasis confer a direct disability by affecting one’s ability
143 II, 5. 11. 7 | 107–14.~ ~Ryan TJ (1991): Disability in Dermatology. Br J Hosp
144 II, 7.Acr | European Injury Data~DALY~Disability Adjusted Life Years~DG Sanco~
145 II, 7. 3. 1 | consequences (prevalence of injury disability) of injuries by sector are
146 II, 7. 3. 3 | causes of sick leave and disability due to injuries yet, both
147 II, 7. 3. 3 | retirements on the grounds of disability and 20% of sick leave days
148 II, 7. 4 | suicides.~• A major cause of disability: Many survivors of severe
149 II, 7. 4 | the main cause of chronic disability among young people, leading
150 II, 7. 4 | causes of sick leave and disability due to injuries. Both are
151 II, 7. 4 | retirement on the grounds of disability and 20% of sick leave days
152 II, 7. 4 | Life Years (QALYs), and Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) .~ ~
153 II, 7. 4 | loss of productive years, disability and human suffering;~· Evidence
154 II, 7. 6 | indicators for health costs and disability has not yet been solved
155 II, 8.Acr | Acronyms~ ~DIS~Disability Interview Surveys~EHIS~European
156 II, 8. 1 | 8.1. OVERALL DISABILITY DATA AND POLICIES~ ~
157 II, 8. 1. 1 | policies. Until now, models of disability were typically cast as “
158 II, 8. 1. 1 | The current construct of disability is fundamentally interactive
159 II, 8. 1. 1 | Classification of Functioning Disability and Health (ICF) (WHO, 2001),
160 II, 8. 1. 1 | functional limitation from disability. Functional differences
161 II, 8. 1. 1 | and (3) participation. Disability is not equated with a disease
162 II, 8. 1. 1 | people with intellectual disability or any other disabilities
163 II, 8. 1. 1 | the main cause of chronic disability among younger people, leading
164 II, 8. 1. 2 | longstanding health problem or disability, work limitations (regarding
165 II, 8. 1. 2 | longstanding health problem or disability (LSHPD) for 6 months or
166 II, 8. 1. 2 | certain characteristics of disability or of certain socioeconomic
167 II, 8. 1. 2 | characteristics among those reporting disability.~ ~The EU Statistics on
168 II, 8. 1. 2 | MEHM), made of 3 general disability/health items and questions.
169 II, 8. 1. 2 | Community statistics on disability and social integration in
170 II, 8. 1. 2 | general, comparable data on disability and on integration of people
171 II, 8. 1. 2 | Interview Surveys (HIS) and Disability Interview Surveys (DIS)
172 II, 8. 1. 2 | topics related to health, disability and social integration.~ ~ ~
173 II, 8. 1. 3 | standing health problem or disability (LSHPD). About one third
174 II, 8. 1. 3 | long-standing health problem or disability (LSHPD)~ ~The occurrence
175 II, 8. 1. 3 | self-perception of the health and disability status.~ ~Access to education~ ~
176 II, 8. 1. 4 | develop a survey module on Disability and Social Integration (
177 II, 8. 1. 4 | at a European meeting on Disability statistics. The EDSIM module,
178 II, 8. 1. 5 | s long-term strategy on disability, which aims to enable disabled
179 II, 8. 1. 5 | In the framework of its disability strategy2 the Commission
180 II, 8. 1. 5 | abilities, and (3) mainstreaming disability issues in the broad range
181 II, 8. 1. 5 | framework for ensuring that disability issues and concerns are
182 II, 8. 1. 5 | the citizens’ concept of disability7 it emphasises the need
183 II, 8. 2. 1 | 8.2.1. Intellectual disability~ ~ ~
184 II, 8. 2. 1 | Introduction~ ~Intellectual disability has emerged as the preferred
185 II, 8. 2. 1 | United Kingdom learning disability is currently used. Multiple
186 II, 8. 2. 1 | the case that intellectual disability is sometimes interchanged,
187 II, 8. 2. 1 | known that intellectual disability is a neglected area, essential
188 II, 8. 2. 1 | prevalence of intellectual disability are not common in most European
189 II, 8. 2. 1 | mild levels of intellectual disability or young children who have
190 II, 8. 2. 1 | general population. A National Disability Survey of this kind was
191 II, 8. 2. 1 | specifically as having intellectual disability: rather, such individuals
192 II, 8. 2. 1 | Definitions~Intellectual disability is defined by ICD 10 (World
193 II, 8. 2. 1 | definition of intellectual disability is ‘a disability characterized
194 II, 8. 2. 1 | intellectual disability is ‘a disability characterized by significant
195 II, 8. 2. 1 | practical adaptive skills. This disability originates before age 18’ (
196 II, 8. 2. 1 | from a medical approach to disability, where the disability is
197 II, 8. 2. 1 | to disability, where the disability is perceived as a person-centered
198 II, 8. 2. 1 | ecological approach, where a disability is defined in the broader
199 II, 8. 2. 1 | Prevalence of intellectual disability in adults has been found
200 II, 8. 2. 1 | severe and profound learning disability is fairly uniformly distributed
201 II, 8. 2. 1 | Mild to moderate learning disability, however, has a link to
202 II, 8. 2. 1 | and profound intellectual disability (SPID) in Finland was 0.
203 II, 8. 2. 1 | Causes of intellectual disability~A number of factors causing
204 II, 8. 2. 1 | factors causing intellectual disability have been discovered, but
205 II, 8. 2. 1 | still unknown. Intellectual disability can start anytime before
206 II, 8. 2. 1 | cause of their intellectual disability is not known. Some of the
207 II, 8. 2. 1 | known causes of intellectual disability are Down syndrome, fetal
208 II, 8. 2. 1 | Other causes of intellectual disability are related to premature
209 II, 8. 2. 1 | other causes of intellectual disability do not happen until a child
210 II, 8. 2. 1 | can cause intellectual disability and other problems if babies
211 II, 8. 2. 1 | people with intellectual disability~Lack of comparable health
212 II, 8. 2. 1 | influenced by the presence of disability through diagnostic overshadowing (
213 II, 8. 2. 1 | finding that intellectual disability was a significant risk factor
214 II, 8. 2. 1 | severity of intellectual disability, age and location.~ ~
215 II, 8. 2. 1 | ecological frameworks of disability, the health of people with
216 II, 8. 2. 1 | Some cases of intellectual disability can be prevented with proper
217 II, 8. 2. 1 | diagnosed with an intellectual disability are most successful when
218 II, 8. 2. 1 | preventable cause of intellectual disability. Women should be informed
219 II, 8. 2. 1 | related to intellectual disability, such as phenylketonuria,
220 II, 8. 2. 1 | child with intellectual disability. Folic acid, a vitamin supplement,
221 II, 8. 2. 1 | the rate of intellectual disability related to prematurity.~
222 II, 8. 2. 1 | often result in intellectual disability. Amniocentesis or chorionic
223 II, 8. 2. 1 | also prevent intellectual disability and other consequences resulting
224 II, 8. 2. 1 | will not have intellectual disability. It is also important for
225 II, 8. 2. 1 | affected by intellectual disability and other birth defects.~ ~
226 II, 8. 2. 1 | small set or sets of general disability measures, suitable for use
227 II, 8. 2. 1 | Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 50 (9), 667–677.~
228 II, 8. 2. 1 | Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 49, 134–143.~Emerson,
229 II, 8. 2. 1 | Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 51, 866-874.~Fisher,
230 II, 8. 2. 1 | Rutkowski-Kmitta, V. (2005). Disability Statistics in the Developing
231 II, 8. 2. 1 | Guidelines – Developmental Disability (2005) Melbourne, Australia:
232 II, 8. 2. 1 | adults with intellectual disability. Journal of Intellectual
233 II, 8. 2. 1 | Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 42 (4), 264-272.~
234 II, 8. 2. 1 | to the Term Intellectual Disability. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL
235 II, 8. 2. 1 | Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51, 6, 427-434.~
236 II, 8. 2. 1 | Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. ICF WHO, Geneva~
237 II, 8. 2. 1 | Ageing and Intellectual Disability – Improving Longevity and
238 II, 8. 2. 1 | 8.2.1.8. Acronyms~ ~DIS~Disability Interview Surveys (DIS)~
239 II, 8. 2. 1 | Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (2001).~WHO~
240 II, 8. 2. 3 | to result in negligible disability and it has not been considered
241 II, 8. 2. 3 | estimation of the burden of disability for hearing loss due to
242 II, 8. 2. 3 | al, 2003).~The burden of disability due to hearing loss has
243 II, 8. 2. 3 | impairment and reported hearing disability among adults in Great Britain.
244 II, 8. 2. 3 | Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (2001).~LFS:~
245 II, 8. 2. 3 | standing health problem or disability~MEHM:~Minimum European Health
246 II, 8. 2. 3 | Statistical System~EDSIM:~Disability and Social Integration~EHSS:~
247 II, 9 | developmental delay and learning disability, and diagnosis is often
248 II, 9 | the day (WHO/HSBC 2004).~ ~Disability. Regrettably, the incidence
249 II, 9 | the incidence of physical disability in children, or of mental
250 II, 9 | in children, or of mental disability, is not known at the population
251 II, 9 | educational and other settings if disability is not to become a major
252 II, 9 | health problems and resulting disability than more educated patients.
253 II, 9 | so steep as to result in disability.~ ~The SENECA study demonstrated
254 II, 9 | the leading cause of male disability in industrialised countries (
255 II, 9. 1. 1 | Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm
256 II, 9. 1. 2 | developmental delay and learning disability, and diagnosis is often
257 II, 9. 2. 3 | children with impairment or disability, or the number with special
258 II, 9. 2. 3 | Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health - and has also
259 II, 9. 2. 3 | an increasing burden of disability on children. Mood disorders
260 II, 9. 2. 4 | the day (WHO/HSBC 2004).~ ~Disability. Regrettably, the incidence
261 II, 9. 2. 4 | the incidence of physical disability in children, or of mental
262 II, 9. 2. 4 | in children, or of mental disability, is not known at the population
263 II, 9. 2. 4 | educational and other settings if disability is not to become a major
264 II, 9. 2. 6 | ages;~ ~· Child impairment, disability, and special needs~Measurement
265 II, 9. 2. 6 | assessment of impairment and disability in children differ significantly
266 II, 9. 2. 6 | to adults. The impact of disability on children’s lives at different
267 II, 9. 2. 7 | Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; WHO, Geneva.~ ~
268 II, 9. 3. 1 | vaccination campaigns.~ ~Disability~ ~Data on disability are
269 II, 9. 3. 1 | Disability~ ~Data on disability are usually limited and
270 II, 9. 3. 1 | populations have close to 12% disability. There is a suggestion that
271 II, 9. 3. 1 | life expectancy without disability is either stagnating (United
272 II, 9. 3. 1 | severe handicap or severe disability (European Commission, 2003).~ ~
273 II, 9. 3. 1 | various degrees of impact on disability and quality of life which
274 II, 9. 3. 1 | difficulties, inability to work and disability. Its prevalence in the wider
275 II, 9. 3. 1 | health problems and resulting disability than more educated patients.
276 II, 9. 3. 1 | Health Expectancy and the Disability Process project~GIA~Gender
277 II, 9. 3. 2 | Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm
278 II, 9. 4. 2 | that can result in chronic disability, such as stroke or heart
279 II, 9. 4. 3 | major causes of death and disability for women too. The common
280 II, 9. 4. 3 | great promise of reducing disability and institutionalisation -
281 II, 9. 4. 3 | causes of years lived with disability. The burden of ill health
282 II, 9. 4. 3 | Medicine Society, 2002).~ ~Disability: While most elderly people
283 II, 9. 4. 3 | can be a major cause of disability (Geriatric Medicine Society,
284 II, 9. 4. 3 | countries show that severe disability is declining in older people
285 II, 9. 4. 3 | reduce the progression of disability (WHO, 1999). Data on life
286 II, 9. 4. 3 | life expectancy without disability are limited, but suggest
287 II, 9. 4. 3 | life expectancy without disability is either stagnating (United
288 II, 9. 4. 3 | severe handicap or severe disability. Even worse, there may be
289 II, 9. 4. 4 | so steep as to result in disability.~ ~The SENECA study demonstrated
290 II, 9. 4. 4 | the leading cause of male disability in industrialised countries (
291 II, 9. 4. 5 | way to save lives, reduce disability, lessen institutionalisation
292 II, 9. 4. 5 | present a much greater risk of disability as they age, mostly due
293 II, 9. 4. 5 | smaller when years lived with disability are taken into account.
294 II, 9. 4. 7 | assessment of mortality and disability from diseases, injuries,
295 II, 9. 5. 2 | Health Expectancy and the Disability Process project) and ECHI (
296 II, 9. 5. 2 | mortality, morbidity and disability and thus determine the likelihood
297 II, 9. 5. 3 | Males > > Females~Learning disability~Males > > Females~Adolescence~
298 II, 9. 5. 3 | psychotropic drugs. The disability associated to mental illness
299 II, 9. 5. 3 | health problems and resulting disability than the more educated.
300 III, 10. 2. 1 | Cardiovascular disease.~DALY~Disability adjusted life years.~ECHP~
301 III, 10. 2. 1 | age free of disease and disability. It is usually measured
302 III, 10. 2. 1 | It is usually measured in disability adjusted life years (DALYs).
303 III, 10. 2. 1 | Acronyms~ ~DALY~Disability Adjusted Life Year~EMCDDA~
304 III, 10. 3. 2 | Repro-toxic chemicals~DALY~Disability adjusted life years~DDT~
305 III, 10. 5. 2 | Long-standing illness and disability in urban and rural settings~ ~
306 III, 10. 5. 3 | productivity, long-term disability or even premature death.
307 III, 10. 5. 3 | sick leave, early retirement and disability pension. Because of the
308 III, 10. 5. 3 | mortality, morbidity and disability~ ~This chapter addresses
309 III, 10. 6. 2 | and most specific forms of disability;~· over the past decades,
310 III, 10. 6. 2 | due to physical or mental disability or to linguistic or cultural
311 IV, 11. 1. 5 | prolonged hospital stays and/or disability levels (Kohn et al, 2000).~ ~
312 IV, 11. 6. 4 | Institute for Sickness and Disability Insurance (RIZIV/INAMI)
313 IV, 11. 6. 4 | Institute for Sickness and Disability Insurance (RIZIV/INAMI)~
314 IV, 11. 6. 4 | Age, sex, unemployment, disability, mortality, urbanization,
315 IV, 11. 6. 4 | 452 municipalities~Age, disability, archipelago, remoteness (
316 IV, 11. 6. 4 | funds~Age, sex, welfare or disability status, urbanization (and
317 IV, 12.Acr | for Disease Control~DALYs~Disability Adjusted Life Years~EACH~
318 IV, 12. 5 | experience a compression of disability, and Denmark, the Netherlands,
319 IV, 12. 5 | experience a compression of disability whilst Germany, Ireland,
320 IV, 12. 5 | differential reporting of disability or the omission of the institutionalized
321 IV, 12. 10 | Establishment of the Office for Disability~and Mental Health (Jan 08)~ ~
322 IV, 12. 10 | older people and (iii) disability and mental health were established
323 IV, 12. 10 | Control~· Acute Hospitals~· Disability and Mental Health~· Older
324 IV, 12. 10 | length of stay of patients~ ~Disability and Mental Health~The National
325 IV, 12. 10 | Mental Health~The National Disability Strategy~http nt~provides
326 IV, 12. 10 | of the Strategy are:~· *Disability Act 2005 ~· **Education
327 IV, 12. 10 | and plans, the Office for Disability and Mental Health was established
328 IV, 12. 10 | services, youth issues, disability issues, elderly care, the
329 IV, 12. 10 | child and adolescent issues, disability issues, elderly care, food
330 IV, 12. 10 | Domain of objective 1~ ~Disability policy~Housing policy~Old
331 IV, 12. 10 | Register of People with Disability~Others : Reducing Inequalities
332 IV, 13.Acr | Acronyms~ ~DALYs~Disability Adjusted Life Years~EACH~
333 IV, 13. 2. 1 | 13.2.1. Disability adjusted life years (DALYs)~ ~
334 IV, 13. 2. 1 | factors. The use of the Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)
335 IV, 13. 2. 1 | weighting factor expressing the disability associated with a disease.
336 IV, 13. 2. 2 | second most frequent cause of disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
337 IV, 13. 2. 2 | terms of years lived with disability (YLD), the portion of neuropsychiatric
338 IV, 13. 2. 2 | of the years lived with disability (unipolar depressive disorder
339 IV, 13. 2. 2 | are a major cause of loss disability adjusted life years (DALYs)
340 IV, 13. 2. 2 | DALYs) and years lived with disability (YLDs). They are seldom
341 IV, 13. 2. 2 | seldom fatal and the level of disability for many is low to moderate;
342 IV, 13. 2. 2 | accounting for about 12% of disability adjusted life years (DALYs)~·
343 IV, 13. 2. 3 | deaths and 3 % of DALYs (disability adjusted life years). Mild
344 IV, 13. 5 | mortality, morbidity and disability. The elderly suffer more
345 IV, 13. 5 | falls and fractures and disability in performing daily life
346 IV, 13. 5 | the risk of disease and disability clearly increases with advancing
347 IV, 13. 5 | However, while it is true that disability rates are higher among the
348 IV, 13. 5 | countries point to a decline in disability rates especially in the
349 IV, 13. 5 | measures that can reduce disability and favour home care rather
350 IV, 13. 5 | due to physical or mental disability or to linguistic or cultural
351 IV, 13. 6. 1 | ill-health in children~ ~Disability Adjusted Life years (DALYs)
352 IV, 13. 6. 1 | life, burden of illness and disability. Their focus is primarily
353 IV, 13. 6. 1 | supporting a person with a disability or handicap;~· Effects on
354 Key, Ap5. 0. 0 | directives~disabilities~disability~disability-adjusted~disability-free~
