Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 4 | prevalence of self-reported chronic conditions by level of education
2 I, 2. 4 | Data indicate that most chronic diseases have a higher prevalence
3 I, 2. 8 | Mainly from acute and chronic effects of outdoor air pollution,
4 I, 2. 8 | Mainly from acute and chronic effects of outdoor air pollution,
5 II, 4. 1 | As they were replaced by chronic diseases, the risk of becoming
6 II, 4. 1 | MEHM includes measures of chronic morbidity, perceived health
7 II, 4. 1 | surveyed individuals have any chronic physical or mental health
8 II, 5. 1. 1 | hepatic cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases; nephrological
9 II, 5. 1. 1 | the EU. Main non lethal chronic diseases include dermatological
10 II, 5. 1. 1 | short life-expectancy, but chronic non-communicable diseases
11 II, 5. 1. 1 | and alter the course of chronic non-communicable diseases (
12 II, 5. 1. 1 | resistance and diabetes. Chronic pancreatitis can damage
13 II, 5. 1. 1 | changes in dietary habitudes.~Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease~
14 II, 5. 1. 1 | 50% in elderly smokers.~Chronic Kidney Disease and End Stage
15 II, 5. 1. 1 | with neoplasias and with chronic infections diseases like
16 II, 5. 1. 2 | consultations are due to chronic diseases which cannot be
17 II, 5. 1. 2 | dialogue with his patient.~ ~Chronic diseases and their treatments
18 II, 5. 1. 3 | providers in the field of chronic disease prevention).~The
19 II, 5. 1. 3 | prevention).~The management of chronic diseases requires the development
20 II, 5. 1. 3 | treatment to their particular chronic disease as well as in coping
21 II, 5. 1. 4 | A person affected by a chronic disease is a member of society
22 II, 5. 1. 4 | information need for people with chronic diseases in several ways.
23 II, 5. 1. 4 | care. People affected by chronic diseases should be informed
24 II, 5. 1. 4 | person suffering from a chronic disease is essential. The
25 II, 5. 1. 4 | suitable for people with a chronic disease and information
26 II, 5. 2. 3 | efficient therapies for chronic conditions and the management
27 II, 5. 4. 1 | Introduction~Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease, characterised by
28 II, 5. 4. 1 | level. As for many other chronic diseases, an adequate self-management
29 II, 5. 4. 2 | the collection of data on chronic diseases hamper the establishment
30 II, 5. 4. 2 | an almost ideal model for chronic diseases, with very little
31 II, 5. 4. 2 | reduce the cost of this chronic disease.~To make targets
32 II, 5. 4. 5 | resistance and diabetes. Chronic pancreatitis can damage
33 II, 5. 4. 7 | care. Diabetes, like other chronic diseases, needs a long-term
34 II, 5. 4. 7 | disease areas, particularly chronic diseases although no one
35 II, 5. 4. 8 | for the epidemiology of chronic diseases: the example of
36 II, 5. 5.Int | likely to have 2 or more chronic illnesses and 2-6 times
37 II, 5. 5. 1 | associated with physical chronic disease. Negative life-events,
38 II, 5. 5. 1 | even more than physical chronic conditions (Ormel et al,
39 II, 5. 5. 1 | Anxiety disorders are often chronic, even life-long. Predisposing
40 II, 5. 5. 1 | 2006). The impact of 29 chronic conditions on health-related
41 II, 5. 5. 3 | additional third shows a chronic progressive course, the
42 II, 5. 5. 3 | factors associated with a chronic course of disease.~Figure
43 II, 5. 5. 3 | intervention in order to reduce chronic cases and financial burden;~·
44 II, 5. 5. 3 | Rare Diseases’ and ‘Major and Chronic Diseases’ Task Forces of
45 II, 5. 5. 3 | Introduction~ ~ ~Epilepsy is a chronic clinical disorder affecting
46 II, 5. 5. 3 | epilepsy is, by definition, a chronic clinical condition, about
47 II, 5. 5. 3 | epilepsy, in patients with chronic epilepsy most deaths appear
48 II, 5. 5. 3 | middle-aged person with chronic refractory epilepsy, generalized
49 II, 5. 5. 3 | Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic progressive potentially
50 II, 5. 5. 3 | progressive (SP-MS) and chronic progressive (CP)- or PP-MS (
51 II, 5. 5. 3 | patients with MS. Journal of Chronic Disability 1985;38(2):203-
52 II, 5. 5. 3 | Multiple Sclerosis~CP-MS~Chronic Progressive Multiple Sclerosis~
53 II, 5. 5. 3 | It is characterized by a chronic slowly progressive course,
54 II, 5. 5. 3 | of Parkinson’s disease. J Chronic Dis 26(4):243-254.~Späte
55 II, 5. 6. 2 | SANCO Report on Major and Chronic Diseases. These data have
56 II, 5. 6. 3 | low back pain; or may be chronic as is usually the situation
57 II, 5. 6. 3 | most common self-reported chronic sickness in men and women
58 II, 5. 6. 3 | by a cumulative effect of chronic musculoskeletal conditions,
59 II, 5. 6. 3 | sex-specific prevalence of chronic musculoskeletal pain (95%
60 II, 5. 6. 3 | life if compared to other chronic conditions (Sprangers et
61 II, 5. 6. 3 | life they have experienced chronic restrictive musculoskeletal
62 II, 5. 6. 3 | that ask for self-reported chronic conditions including osteoarthritis
63 II, 5. 6. 3 | OA is a major cause of chronic pain and disability resulting
64 II, 5. 6. 3 | the most common form of chronic polyarthritis. The established
65 II, 5. 6. 3 | progress into another form of chronic arthritis. At present, there
66 II, 5. 6. 3 | cause most limitations. Chronic vertebral osteoporosis,
67 II, 5. 6. 3 | and 3 months duration and chronic when it lasts more than
68 II, 5. 6. 3 | characterised by exacerbations of chronic low back pain. Many people
69 II, 5. 6. 3 | back pain. Many people with chronic low back pain also have
70 II, 5. 6. 3 | flares on a background of chronic pain. Pain is often worse
71 II, 5. 6. 3 | disturbed and some also have chronic widespread pain. Strenuous
72 II, 5. 6. 3 | than 1 month. In cases with chronic back pain, the impact on
73 II, 5. 6. 4 | disease for the individual. A chronic pain condition might lead
74 II, 5. 6. 6 | Epidemiological features of chronic low-back pain. Lancet 354:
75 II, 5. 6. 6 | Leden I, Rosenberg C (1993): Chronic pain in a geographically
76 II, 5. 6. 6 | disorders as a cause of chronic health problems, disability,
77 II, 5. 6. 6 | B, Jacobsson LT (2001): Chronic musculoskeletal pain, prevalence
78 II, 5. 6. 6 | The contribution of six chronic conditions to the total
79 II, 5. 6. 6 | de Haes HC (2000): Which chronic conditions are associated
80 II, 5. 7 | 5.7. Chronic kidney disease and end stage
81 II, 5. 7.Acr | Risk in Communities~CKD~Chronic Kidney Disease~ESRD~End
82 II, 5. 7. 1 | 5.7.1. Introduction~ ~Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is
83 II, 5. 7. 1 | CKD was not listed among chronic diseases in the 2005 WHO
84 II, 5. 7. 1 | clinical complications in other chronic diseases like in neoplasia
85 II, 5. 7. 1 | like in neoplasia and in chronic infections. Interpretative
86 II, 5. 7. 1 | link between CKD and other chronic diseases with the ultimate
87 II, 5. 7. 1 | context where costs for other chronic diseases such as hypertension,
88 II, 5. 7. 1 | contributor to the death toll of chronic diseases, communicable diseases
89 II, 5. 7. 1 | with policies for other chronic diseases.~ ~Information
90 II, 5. 7. 1 | 7.1. KDIGO Definition of Chronic Kidney Disease~ ~ ~Structural
91 II, 5. 7. 3 | Figure 5.7.2. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease per stage
92 II, 5. 7. 3 | Prevalence of stages 3-5 of chronic kidney disease in selected
93 II, 5. 7. 3 | prevalence of stages 3-5 of chronic kidney disease by age and
94 II, 5. 7. 4 | with neoplasias and with chronic infectious diseases such
95 II, 5. 7. 5 | with neoplasia and with chronic infectious diseases such
96 II, 5. 7. 5 | neoplasia and in those with chronic infections, screening for
97 II, 5. 7. 5 | two of which concerned chronic renal failure: (1) to stabilize (
98 II, 5. 7. 5 | to reduce the impact of chronic renal failure on quality
99 II, 5. 7. 5 | Statistica did not list CKD among chronic diseases. On September 26th
100 II, 5. 7. 6 | with policies for other chronic diseases.~ ~In Europe there
101 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2003): Epidemiology of chronic renal failure in children:
102 II, 5. 7. 7 | cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure. Lancet 2000
103 II, 5. 7. 7 | Lacher DA, et al (2005): Chronic kidney disease awareness,
104 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2006): Obesity and risk for chronic renal failure. J Am Soc
105 II, 5. 7. 7 | 1997): Epidemiology of chronic renal failure in children:
106 II, 5. 7. 7 | functioning among adolescents with chronic kidney disease. Pediatr
107 II, 5. 7. 7 | McCulloch CE, Hsu CY (2004): Chronic kidney disease and the risks
108 II, 5. 7. 7 | estimates of utility in chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int
109 II, 5. 7. 7 | comparison of the relationship of chronic kidney disease prevalence
110 II, 5. 7. 7 | Screening strategies for chronic kidney disease in the general
111 II, 5. 7. 7 | faster than the prevalence of chronic renal insufficiency. Ann
112 II, 5. 7. 7 | of life in patients with chronic kidney disease: focus on
113 II, 5. 7. 7 | syndrome and the risk for chronic kidney disease among nondiabetic
114 II, 5. 7. 7 | patients and risk factors in chronic kidney disease -- evaluating
115 II, 5. 7. 7 | of life in children with chronic kidney disease-patient and
116 II, 5. 7. 7 | Doring A, Lowel H (2006): Chronic kidney disease and risk
117 II, 5. 7. 7 | recommendations for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney
118 II, 5. 7. 7 | practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: evaluation,
119 II, 5. 7. 7 | managing dyslipidemias in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney
120 II, 5. 7. 7 | metabolism and disease in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney
121 II, 5. 7. 7 | antihypertensive agents in chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney
122 II, 5. 7. 7 | Pereira BJ, Kausz AT (2002): Chronic kidney disease in the United
123 II, 5. 7. 7 | 2005): Epidemiology of chronic renal disease in the Galician
124 II, 5. 7. 7 | Cost of medical care for chronic kidney disease and comorbidity
125 II, 5. 7. 7 | Middleton R, et al (2007): Chronic kidney disease management
126 II, 5. 7. 7 | C, Fok M, et al (2006): Chronic kidney disease and mortality
127 II, 5. 8 | 5.8. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease~ ~
128 II, 5. 8.Acr | airway obstruction~COPD~chronic obstructive pulmonary disease~
129 II, 5. 8.Acr | the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease~
130 II, 5. 8. 1 | Introduction~ ~The term Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (
131 II, 5. 8. 1 | limitation (AL) such as chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
132 II, 5. 8. 1 | main elements of COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema: (
133 II, 5. 8. 1 | severe airflow limitation, chronic respiratory failure, different
134 II, 5. 8. 2 | 11% in Pisa also reported chronic bronchitis or emphysema,
135 II, 5. 8. 2 | whereas, among patients with chronic bronchitis or emphysema,
136 II, 5. 8. 2 | subcutaneous ( T7 ~· with chronic (obstructive) bronchitis ( J4 )~
137 II, 5. 8. 2 | bleb~ ~ ~ ~ ~J44~ ~Other chronic obstructive pulmonary disease~ ~ ~
138 II, 5. 8. 2 | pulmonary disease~ ~ ~Includes:~chronic:~· bronchitis:~ · asthmatic (
139 II, 5. 8. 2 | bronchiectasis ( J47 )~chronic:~· bronchitis:~ · NOS ( J4 ·
140 II, 5. 8. 2 | external agents ( J6 )~J44.0~ ~Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
141 II, 5. 8. 2 | influenza ( J9 )~J44.1~ ~Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
142 II, 5. 8. 2 | J44.8~ ~Other specified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease~ ~ ~
143 II, 5. 8. 2 | obstructive pulmonary disease~ ~ ~Chronic bronchitis:~· asthmatic (
144 II, 5. 8. 2 | infection ( J4 )~J44.9~ ~Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
145 II, 5. 8. 2 | disease, unspecified~ ~ ~Chronic obstructive:~· airway disease
146 II, 5. 8. 3 | cumulative incidences of chronic bronchitis and COPD were
147 II, 5. 8. 3 | Cost and Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (
148 II, 5. 8. 3 | a prevalence of 6.2% of chronic bronchitis and emphysema
149 II, 5. 8. 3 | et al, 2006). People with chronic cough or phlegm ranged from
150 II, 5. 8. 3 | while mortality from other chronic conditions declined (Chapman
151 II, 5. 8. 3 | frequently have multiple chronic health conditions. The severity
152 II, 5. 8. 3 | co-morbidities: Coexisting chronic conditions with unrelated
153 II, 5. 8. 3 | on patients with a given chronic disease. For example, upper
154 II, 5. 8. 3 | association with reported chronic bronchitis and emphysema
155 II, 5. 8. 3 | proposed the additional term “chronic inflammatory syndrome” to
156 II, 5. 8. 3(27)| FEV1 <50% predicted plus chronic respiratory failure~ ~
157 II, 5. 8. 4 | cumulative incidences of chronic bronchitis and COPD were
158 II, 5. 8. 4 | follow-up, subjects with chronic bronchitis showed 252 mL
159 II, 5. 8. 4 | significantly affected by chronic cough and phlegm (odds ratio
160 II, 5. 8. 4 | fumes increased the risk for chronic bronchitis from smoking
161 II, 5. 8. 4 | increase in the incidence of chronic phlegm was found in individuals
162 II, 5. 8. 4 | COPD is one of several chronic diseases that will become
163 II, 5. 8. 5 | Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD)
164 II, 5. 8. 5 | the EU to the research on chronic respiratory diseases (MacNee
165 II, 5. 8. 6 | burden for lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
166 II, 5. 8. 7 | Global Alliance against Chronic Respiratory Diseases.~Eur
167 II, 5. 8. 7 | co-morbidity of asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema:
168 II, 5. 8. 7 | Is Airway Inflammation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (
169 II, 5. 8. 7 | Events? COPD: Journal of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
170 II, 5. 8. 7 | Viegi G, de Marco R (2003): Chronic cough and phlegm in young
171 II, 5. 8. 7 | Epidemiology and costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
172 II, 5. 8. 7 | international survey of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
173 II, 5. 8. 7 | related to patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
174 II, 5. 8. 7 | Respiratory Society (ERS) (2003). Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
175 II, 5. 8. 7 | KF (2007): From COPD to chronic systemic inflammatory syndrome?.
176 II, 5. 8. 7 | obstruction due to asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
177 II, 5. 8. 7 | M-C (2006): Deaths from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
178 II, 5. 8. 7 | utilization of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
179 II, 5. 8. 7 | The Global initiative for Chronic obstructive lung disease. [
180 II, 5. 8. 7 | telecare for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease;
181 II, 5. 8. 7 | Soriano JB (2003): What do chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
182 II, 5. 8. 7 | Incidence of GOLD-defined chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
183 II, 5. 8. 7 | osteoporosis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:
184 II, 5. 8. 7 | Comorbidity of somatic chronic diseases and decline in
185 II, 5. 8. 7 | Miravitlles M. (2004):Costs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
186 II, 5. 8. 7 | depression in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
187 II, 5. 8. 7 | Alvarez-Sala JL (2006): Chronic respiratory symptoms, spirometry
188 II, 5. 8. 7 | cumulative incidence of chronic bronchitis and COPD in relation
189 II, 5. 8. 7 | P, Didsbury P (2004): A chronic disease management programme
190 II, 5. 8. 7 | hospital for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
191 II, 5. 8. 7 | differential diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
192 II, 5. 8. 7 | disease. In: “Management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”.
193 II, 5. 8. 7 | Lung Function Decline, Chronic Bronchitis, and Occupational
194 II, 5. 8. 7 | high risk of developing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
195 II, 5. 8. 7 | in employees with asthma, chronic bronchitis or emphysema:
196 II, 5. 8. 7 | Group (2001): Occupation, Chronic Bronchitis, and Lung Function
197 II, 5. 9. 1 | Introduction~ ~Asthma is a chronic, inflammatory condition
198 II, 5. 9. 2 | status asthmaticus 493.11~· Chronic obstructive asthma 493.2~(
199 II, 5. 9. 2 | asthma 493.2~(Excluded:~Chronic asthmatic bronchitis 491.
200 II, 5. 9. 2 | bronchitis 491.2~Obstructive chronic bronchitis 491.2)~· Chronic
201 II, 5. 9. 2 | chronic bronchitis 491.2)~· Chronic obstructive asthma without
202 II, 5. 9. 2 | status asthmaticus 493.2C~· Chronic obstructive asthma with
203 II, 5. 9. 2 | asthmaticus 493.91~· Obstructive chronic bronchitis with (acute)
204 II, 5. 9. 3 | to €17.7 billion . As a chronic disease which is often difficult
205 II, 5. 9. 4 | and workers experiencing chronic exposure to gases, fumes,
206 II, 5. 9. 5 | patients as well as for other chronic diseases;~3. monitoring
207 II, 5. 9. 6 | Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases (GARD) (Bo l,
208 II, 5. 9. 6 | existing programs regarding chronic respiratory diseases. The
209 II, 5. 9. 6 | prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases, with
210 II, 5. 9. 7 | Global Alliance against chronic Respiratory Diseases). Rev
211 II, 5. 10. 2 | plants~490~Bronchitis~491~Chronic bronchitis~492~Emphysema~
212 II, 5. 10. 2 | allergic alveolitis~496~Chronic airways obstruction, not
213 II, 5. 11. 3 | morbidity results mainly from chronic dermatologic illness. Occupational
214 II, 5. 11. 3 | toxic epidermal necrolysis.~Chronic severe skin disease accounts
215 II, 5. 11. 3 | recalcitrant bullous diseases, chronic wounds such as venous and
216 II, 5. 11. 3 | atopic dermatitis) is a chronic inflammatory itchy skin
217 II, 5. 11. 3 | eczema that may be recurrent, chronic and severe, and might affect
218 II, 5. 11. 3 | for an entire life, the chronic exposure to a low concentration
219 II, 5. 11. 3 | Psoriasis~Psoriasis is a common, chronic, relapsing, inflammatory
220 II, 5. 11. 4 | while leg ulcers produce chronic pain and limit the ability
221 II, 5. 11. 4 | Mortality and Morbidity~Chronic suffering rather than mortality
222 II, 5. 11. 4 | disease among the top four chronic diseases when entire communities
223 II, 5. 12. 5 | avoidance of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases is based
224 II, 5. 12. 6 | impact of transplantation on chronic liver disease would be attributed
225 II, 5. 12. 7 | for the future burden of chronic liver disease in the United
226 II, 5. 14. 1 | one of the most prevalent chronic diseases of people worldwide;
227 II, 5. 14. 1 | seen as a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease initially
228 II, 5. 14. 2 | systems for surveillance of chronic disease and risk factors (
229 II, 5. 14. 2 | population is based on integrated chronic questionnaire schemes. In
230 II, 5. 14. 4 | dietary excess leading to chronic diseases such as obesity,
231 II, 6. 3. 3 | 5%), and patients with chronic infection serve as a reservoir
232 II, 6. 3. 3 | those infected develops a chronic infection and many of those
233 II, 6. 3. 3 | nature of the disease (mainly chronic, asymptomatic infections)
234 II, 6. 3. 4 | healthcare workers and those with chronic medical conditions of all
235 II, 6. 3. 6 | causing both acute and chronic diarrhoea. Infants and children
236 II, 7. 4 | to be the main cause of chronic disability among young people,
237 II, 8. 1. 1 | to be the main cause of chronic disability among younger
238 II, 9 | congenital anomaly due to chronic disease status. Diabetes
239 II, 9 | inflammatory disease, and chronic pelvic pain. There is a
240 II, 9 | are more likely to suffer chronic health problems and resulting
241 II, 9 | later life.~ ~Alcohol. Many chronic diseases which reduce functional
242 II, 9. 1. 1 | severe learning disabilities, chronic lung disease, visual and
243 II, 9. 1. 2 | congenital anomaly due to chronic disease status. Diabetes
244 II, 9. 2. 3 | Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, with
245 II, 9. 2. 3 | inflammatory disease and chronic pelvic pain. Adolescents
246 II, 9. 2. 4 | inflammatory disease, and chronic pelvic pain. There is a
247 II, 9. 2. 7 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases. Brussels~ ~European
248 II, 9. 3. 1 | Europe the prevalence of chronic infection is low, but there
249 II, 9. 3. 1 | untreated, gonorrhoea can cause chronic pelvic inflammatory disease,
250 II, 9. 3. 1 | are more likely to suffer chronic health problems and resulting
251 II, 9. 3. 2 | more common prevalence of chronic diseases and maternal conditions,
252 II, 9. 4. 2 | the size and pattern of chronic diseases and the socioeconomic
253 II, 9. 4. 2 | sixties.~ ~In addition, chronic illness and acute conditions
254 II, 9. 4. 2 | conditions that can result in chronic disability, such as stroke
255 II, 9. 4. 2 | independently. People with the same chronic condition may have different
256 II, 9. 4. 2 | the perception of how a chronic condition impacts on the
257 II, 9. 4. 3 | explains the growing burden of chronic disease (European Commission,
258 II, 9. 4. 3 | Cancer Leagues, 2005).~ ~Chronic diseases and disablement
259 II, 9. 4. 3 | likely to suffer from the chronic diseases commonly associated
260 II, 9. 4. 3 | incontinence and arthritis. Chronic illness and decreased mobility
261 II, 9. 4. 3 | likely to have 2 or more chronic illnesses and 2-6 times
262 II, 9. 4. 3 | oldest individuals, who have chronic diseases affecting respiratory
263 II, 9. 4. 4 | later life.~ ~Alcohol. Many chronic diseases which reduce functional
264 II, 9. 4. 5 | higher risk of almost all chronic diseases than those in more
265 II, 9. 4. 5 | mortality is higher for most chronic conditions in older men;
266 II, 9. 4. 6 | ageing process or due to a chronic illness (Mukaetova-Ladinska,
267 II, 9. 4. 6 | clearly some people with a chronic condition such as dementia
268 II, 9. 4. 6 | older people and those with chronic conditions (UK DoH, 2005),
269 II, 9. 4. 6 | minimizing the impact of chronic illness, social supports
270 II, 9. 5. 3 | are more likely to suffer chronic from health problems and
271 II, 9. 5. 3 | violence, severe depression, chronic stress, oppressive racial
272 II, 9. 5. 3 | increasing life expectancies, chronic disease prevalence and incidence,
273 II, 9. 5. 4 | those who are coping with chronic disease or long term disabilities
274 III, 10. 1. 1 | cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases (Burke et al, 1995;
275 III, 10. 1. 1 | cardiovascular and other chronic diseases. In this regard,
276 III, 10. 2. 1 | and Health: ASH UK~COPD~Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.~
277 III, 10. 2. 1 | second-hand smoke~Cancers~Chronic diseases~Childen~Adults~
278 III, 10. 2. 1 | respiratory illness~COPD*, chronic respiratory symptoms*, asthma*,
279 III, 10. 2. 1 | Nasal sinuses~- Liver~- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (
280 III, 10. 2. 1 | and a massive burden of chronic illness.~Cardiovascular
281 III, 10. 2. 1 | implications for future chronic disease burden in adults.
282 III, 10. 2. 1 | low-consuming countries.~ ~Chronic harm from alcohol~ ~Alcohol
283 III, 10. 2. 1 | cirrhosis and acute and chronic pancreatitis. The reduction
284 III, 10. 2. 1 | Investigation into Cancer, Chronic Diseases, Nutrition and
285 III, 10. 2. 1 | accidents or injuries as well as chronic problems such as drug dependence
286 III, 10. 2. 1 | of highly problematic and chronic individuals, predominantly
287 III, 10. 2. 1 | are the same as for major chronic non-communicable diseases
288 III, 10. 2. 1 | attempting to tackle each single chronic disease alone, a more effective
289 III, 10. 2. 1 | section. Plaque-induced chronic gingivitis in children can
290 III, 10. 2. 1 | prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable and communicable
291 III, 10. 2. 1 | are the same as for major chronic non-communicable diseases
292 III, 10. 2. 1 | attempting to tackle each chronic disease individually, a
293 III, 10. 2. 1 | health as an integral part of chronic disease prevention, amongst
294 III, 10. 2. 1 | independent risk factor for chronic non-communicable diseases
295 III, 10. 2. 1 | programme, which assembles chronic disease risk factor data
296 III, 10. 2. 1 | incidences of obesity-related chronic diseases, such as type II
297 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases (European Commission,
298 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases. Brussels, Commission
299 III, 10. 2. 1 | Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases” (2003).~· WHO
300 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases (European Commission,
301 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases. Brussels, Commission
302 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases”. National Institute
303 III, 10. 2. 1 | nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases. Report of a Joint
304 III, 10. 2. 1 | overweight, obesity and chronic diseases. Green paper, Brussels,
305 III, 10. 2. 5 | as a predictor of child's chronic health problems. Child Care
306 III, 10. 3. 3 | causing both acute and chronic diarrhoea. Infants and children
307 III, 10. 3. 4 | Children, people with chronic diseases and those confined
308 III, 10. 3. 4 | respiratory diseases. People with chronic debilitating diseases are
309 III, 10. 3. 4 | associated with a range of chronic conditions in the non-indigenous
310 III, 10. 3. 4 | rodent-borne diseases), acute or chronic effects of exposure to chemical
311 III, 10. 3. 4 | contribute to acute and chronic illnesses of the respiratory
312 III, 10. 3. 4 | respiratory diseases, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases .
313 III, 10. 4. 1 | determines both the risks of chronic effects of pollution on
314 III, 10. 4. 1 | residence, the presence of chronic respiratory (especially
315 III, 10. 4. 1 | an increased frequency of chronic bronchitis, respiratory
316 III, 10. 4. 1 | has become the most common chronic disease among children and
317 III, 10. 4. 1 | in CAFE CBA included:~ ~· Chronic exposure:~o Mortality (PM) –
318 III, 10. 4. 1 | O3 )~ ~ In people with chronic lung disease (sthma, COPD)~·
319 III, 10. 4. 2 | Organism~Mild 1~Severe 2~Chronic 3~Mortality 4~ ~Bacteria –
320 III, 10. 4. 2 | type of exposure (acute, chronic), guidelines will be needed
321 III, 10. 4. 3 | contaminant of ground water. Chronic arsenic poisoning is becoming
322 III, 10. 5. 2 | a greater prevalence of chronic diseases which is posing
323 III, 10. 5. 2 | a higher prevalence of chronic conditions and more overweight
324 III, 10. 5. 2 | pregnancies, infections, chronic diseases, acute somatic
325 III, 10. 5. 2 | to deal more often with chronic diseases such as heart disease,
326 III, 10. 6. 2 | prevalence of self-reported chronic conditions per level of
327 III, 10. 6. 2 | and indicating that most chronic diseases have a higher prevalence
328 III, 10. 6. 2 | Table 10.6.2.1. Odds Ratio Chronic diseases in eight European
329 III, 10. 6. 2 | the prevalence of common chronic diseases: an overview of
330 IV, 11. 1. 5 | other goals e.g. improving chronic disease management (Spooner
331 IV, 11. 2 | care and the management of chronic diseases. There is growing
332 IV, 11. 2. 1 | created in the US to improve chronic care and contain costs -
333 IV, 11. 2. 1 | prevalence and complexity of chronic diseases. DMPs emphasise
334 IV, 11. 2. 1 | treatment. Similarly, the Chronic Care Model - which is a
335 IV, 11. 2. 1 | a more specific guide of chronic disease management for provider
336 IV, 11. 6. 2 | Switzerland~ ~Certain chronic conditions:~- France~- Germany~-
337 IV, 11. 6. 2 | diseases:~- Austria~ ~Certain chronic conditions and serious diseases:~-
338 IV, 12. 2 | Investigation into Cancer, Chronic Diseases, Nutrition and
339 IV, 12. 10 | prevention and management of chronic diseases including diabetes, htt l~
340 IV, 12. 10 | of life of patients with chronic diseases, health and violence (
341 IV, 13. 2. 2 | the high-income countries chronic diseases at older ages (
342 IV, 13. 5 | elderly suffer more often from chronic and degenerative illnesses
343 IV, 13. 5 | the younger population. Chronic diseases may contribute
344 IV, 13. 5 | 39 percent after age 90. Chronic diseases are a heavy burden
345 IV, 13. 7. 3 | demographic changes and chronic illness, health promotion
346 IV, 13. 7. 5 | minorities, morbidity and chronic diseases, use of cross-border
