Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 -, 1 | the health status of each individual at a given time in his/her
2 -, 1 | stressors on public and individual health.~ ~It is important
3 I, 2. 5 | high but there is little individual control over the work.~ ~
4 I, 2. 5 | stressful experience at an individual level for some workers.
5 I, 2. 7 | transferred from motorized individual traffic to other means of
6 I, 2. 8 | district heating systems and in individual houses. The increased use
7 I, 2. 10. 1 | the description of groups individual prevention programmes based
8 I, 2. 10. 1 | programmes based on the individual genomic profile.~So far
9 I, 2. 10. 4 | tracking and tracing of individual instruments through decontamination,
10 I, 2. 10. 4 | are rarely the fault of an individual Healthcare professional,
11 I, 3. 1. 0(1)| successive birth cohorts. Individual women may not be aware themselves
12 II, 4. 1 | crucial question both for individual EU Member States (MS) and
13 II, 4. 1 | time trends in health in individual countries than between different
14 II, 5. 1. 1 | States (Figure 5.1.1). At individual level, the control of behavioural
15 II, 5. 1. 1 | environment in which an individual is living and though lifestyles. ~ ~
16 II, 5. 2. 5 | population strategy’ and ‘individual strategy’ should be performed
17 II, 5. 2. 5 | in CVD prevention is that individual risk factors (such as hypertension
18 II, 5. 2. 5 | acting both at population and individual level, notably by identifying
19 II, 5. 2. 6 | mortality: a meta-analysis of individual data for one million adults
20 II, 5. 2. 6 | pressure: a meta-analysis of individual data from 61 prospective
21 II, 5. 3. 4 | environment in which an individual is living and his/her lifestyle.
22 II, 5. 3. 6 | Survival improved also for all individual childhood cancers considered.
23 II, 5. 4. 1 | 2007; Diaz, 2007). Specific individual characteristics have been
24 II, 5. 4. 2 | information systems linking individual clinical items to other
25 II, 5. 4. 2 | different by directly using individual records, or at least sub-national
26 II, 5. 4. 2 | a master index including individual characteristics at baseline,
27 II, 5. 4. 2 | measurement problems on a range of individual due to recall bias and imprecise
28 II, 5. 4. 2 | involves the registration of individual characteristics, plus a
29 II, 5. 4. 2 | complete both in terms of individual measurements and coverage
30 II, 5. 4. 3 | indicator: the older the individual, the higher the incidence.~
31 II, 5. 4. 7 | available at www. ). Although individual data will never be exchanged
32 II, 5. 4. 7 | accuracy of data residing in individual regions/states cannot be
33 II, 5. 5.Int | environmental and social factors. An individual with a family history of
34 II, 5. 5. 1 | factors interact to place an individual at higher risk of suicide
35 II, 5. 5. 1 | conditions, social exclusion at individual (e.g. Blakely et al 2003)
36 II, 5. 5. 2 | to the next and from one individual to the next. However, people
37 II, 5. 5. 3 | fat.~The likelihood of an individual eating disorder depends
38 II, 5. 5. 3 | risk factors as well as on individual resources (Berkman et al,
39 II, 5. 5. 3 | and their impact on the individual and on society. It is indispensable
40 II, 5. 5. 3 | interventions to be applied on an individual basis. Yet the expansion
41 II, 5. 5. 3 | to no information about individual variability and its effect
42 II, 5. 5. 3 | schizophrenia receive some kind of individual counselling, it is doubtful
43 II, 5. 5. 3 | optimal strategy for the individual patient.~Lack and misallocation
44 II, 5. 5. 3 | statistically significant. In individual studies, the dominance in
45 II, 5. 5. 3 | discriminatory unless based on an individual assessment (Employment Committee
46 II, 5. 5. 3 | therapeutic capabilities of each individual centre (Osservatorio Regionale
47 II, 5. 5. 3 | discuss the problems posed by individual patients and exchange information
48 II, 5. 5. 3 | determining the risk, either with individual main effect, or primed by
49 II, 5. 5. 3 | advocacy tool and for seeking individual redress.~A new study on
50 II, 5. 5. 3 | a way that promotes the individual’s ability and desire to
51 II, 5. 5. 3 | economic security of the individual. Currently, there are no
52 II, 5. 5. 3 | only reports from a few individual countries, with varying
53 II, 5. 5. 3 | the disease of MS on the individual and society are some of
54 II, 5. 5. 3 | represents a major burden on the individual, family, health services
55 II, 5. 5. 3 | society, family, and the individual. J Am Geriatr Soc 45(7):
56 II, 5. 6. 3 | rheumatoid arthritis from individual studies across Europe.~ ~
57 II, 5. 6. 3 | the absolute risk for the individual patient over a time period
58 II, 5. 6. 3 | of the job.~ ~Impact on individual (morbidity, mortality) and
59 II, 5. 6. 3 | has a marked effect on the individual and also on society due
60 II, 5. 6. 4 | consequence of disease for the individual. A chronic pain condition
61 II, 5. 6. 4 | short term absence for the individual in terms of consequences
62 II, 5. 6. 4 | trends~ ~The impact on the individual and society is predicted
63 II, 5. 7. 2 | provide complete and reliable individual patient data on the incidence
64 II, 5. 7. 2 | not yet able to provide individual patient data covering their
65 II, 5. 7. 2 | hand, the availability of individual patient data within one
66 II, 5. 7. 2 | era-edta-reg.org) collects individual and aggregated data from
67 II, 5. 7. 2 | the Mediterranean Sea. The individual patient data are used for
68 II, 5. 7. 2 | renal registries including individual patient data collect at
69 II, 5. 7. 2 | able to provide complete individual patient data for the whole
70 II, 5. 7. 2 | Spain and UK) provided individual or aggregated data either
71 II, 5. 8. 1 | contribute to the severity in individual patients. Its pulmonary
72 II, 5. 9. 3 | to the improvement of the individual quality of life and long-term
73 II, 5. 9. 4 | exposure and maybe also an individual, genetic susceptibility.
74 II, 5. 9. 6 | symptoms deeply influence individual lifestyle: acute asthma
75 II, 5. 10. 1 | the sensitivity of the individual or other modifying factors.~ ~
76 II, 5. 10. 2 | coverage of allergens by individual databases. (Brusic et al,
77 II, 5. 10. 2 | FA prevalence come from individual studies conducted in single
78 II, 5. 10. 3 | with the addition of other individual studies showed that heterogeneity
79 II, 5. 10. 3 | prevalence of IgE-mediated FA to individual food items in single European
80 II, 5. 11. 3 | organ of the body. Every individual is affected by skin problems
81 II, 5. 11. 3 | and there is hardly any individual over 50 years of age who
82 II, 5. 11. 3 | generally lasts for life. An individual who has become sensitized
83 II, 5. 14. 3 | expenditures for dental care per individual increased by 1.5 between
84 II, 5. 14. 7 | overall quality of life of any individual particularly an older one,
85 II, 5. 15. 4 | empower patients with RD at individual and collective level; coordination
86 II, 6. 3. 2 | network of hospitals, whereby individual rates are compared to those
87 II, 6. 3. 6 | hand-washing is the most effective individual way to prevent the spreading
88 II, 6. 3. 7 | hospitalised cases may die. Individual short papers in Eurosurveillance
89 II, 7. 2. 3 | comprises detailed data on individual accidents as collected by
90 II, 7. 4. 2 | footpaths) as well as the individual risk factors (e.g. training
91 II, 7. 4. 7 | the complex interplay of individual, relationship, social, cultural
92 II, 7. 4. 7 | following issues:~ ~· Addressing individual risk factors and taking
93 II, 7. 4. 7 | and taking steps to modify individual risk behaviours;~· Influencing
94 II, 8. 1. 1 | medical” (the result of individual pathology or deficit) or “
95 II, 8. 1. 1 | interactive and focuses on the individual’s expression of limitations
96 II, 8. 1. 3 | simultaneously in the same individual, altogether restrictions
97 II, 8. 1. 5 | which provide access to individual rights; (2) eliminating
98 II, 8. 2. 1 | emphasized the importance of the individual’s health as an essential
99 II, 8. 2. 1 | Further, it is uncommon for an individual to be identified specifically
100 II, 8. 2. 1 | that are required by the individual to enhance this interaction (
101 II, 8. 2. 2 | economic burden for the individual, the family and society.
102 II, 9 | anomalies~ ~In the majority of individual cases of congenital anomaly,
103 II, 9 | a major handicap for the individual.~ ~References cited in this
104 II, 9 | cardiac function can leave an individual with lower functional capacity
105 II, 9 | Social factors, which the individual can usually do little to
106 II, 9. 1. 2 | health agenda due to their individual rarity. Thus, there are
107 II, 9. 1. 2 | several episodes for the same individual together, particularly across
108 II, 9. 1. 2 | births (Table 9.1.2.1). Individual registries report prevalence
109 II, 9. 1. 2 | anomalies~In the majority of individual cases of congenital anomaly,
110 II, 9. 1. 2 | time tends to come from individual specialized clinics, rather
111 II, 9. 1. 2 | differences underlying policy or individual uptake, from different interpretations
112 II, 9. 2. 2 | have as much relevance as individual behaviour when reporting
113 II, 9. 2. 3 | decades, as reported by individual countries’ practitioners,
114 II, 9. 2. 3 | diagnostic of asthma in an individual. Wheezing is not a symptom
115 II, 9. 2. 3 | balanced with concern about individual disabled or hospitalised
116 II, 9. 2. 3(2)| presentation to a doctor by an individual with recurrent wheezing
117 II, 9. 2. 3 | available. However, by any individual measure under most European
118 II, 9. 2. 3 | educational factors, where an individual may not be certain of their
119 II, 9. 2. 3 | strong and underline their individual and societal significance (
120 II, 9. 2. 4 | a major handicap for the individual.~ ~References cited in this
121 II, 9. 3. 1 | conclusions about the timing of an individual woman’s menopause on the
122 II, 9. 3. 1 | There is considerable individual and radical/ethnic variation
123 II, 9. 3. 1 | and not the fault of the individual, with the main causes being:~
124 II, 9. 3. 1 | presented as complaints by the individual woman. Conflicting findings
125 II, 9. 3. 1 | undergone surgical menopause.~ ~Individual women may view menopause
126 II, 9. 3. 3 | studies (1995- May 2005) on individual level factors associated
127 II, 9. 3. 3 | belongs to the sphere of individual choice and responsibility.~ ~
128 II, 9. 3. 3 | interventions to change individual behaviour and show increased
129 II, 9. 4. 1 | society itself.~ ~Ageing is an individual experience mediated by the
130 II, 9. 4. 1 | healthcare policy must address individual needs, preferences, social
131 II, 9. 4. 2 | heart attack, can affect the individual’s ability to live independently.
132 II, 9. 4. 2 | condition impacts on the individual. This cultural sensitivity
133 II, 9. 4. 3 | violence and suicide. The individual approach should include
134 II, 9. 4. 4 | cardiac function can leave an individual with lower functional capacity
135 II, 9. 4. 4 | Social factors, which the individual can usually do little to
136 II, 9. 4. 6 | diverse and growing group with individual rather than homogenous needs
137 II, 9. 5. 3 | potential to embarrass the individual (Probyn, 2000).~ ~Caring
138 III, 10. 1 | addressed, taking account individual and generational exposure
139 III, 10. 1 | 2004). Genetic factors, individual physical and psychological
140 III, 10. 1 | influence health, from those at individual level to those of societal
141 III, 10. 1 | settlements and settings, human individual characteristics and social
142 III, 10. 1 | WORKING ENVIRONMENT~HUMAN INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS~Physical~
143 III, 10. 1 | against society~ ~ ~ ~ ~Individual health status can be regarded
144 III, 10. 1 | attributes, either part of the individual genetic make-up or acquired
145 III, 10. 1 | social environment, where the individual interacts with his peers,
146 III, 10. 1 | working environment where the individual lives, works and finds access
147 III, 10. 1 | and health care system. Individual health determinants such
148 III, 10. 1. 1 | subgroup mainly consists of individual factors which are influenced
149 III, 10. 1. 1 | is necessary to improve individual and societal health management (
150 III, 10. 1. 1 | potentially reverse the individual’s intention to exercise.
151 III, 10. 1. 1 | to biological factors and individual knowledge and beliefs, social
152 III, 10. 1. 1 | social networks influence individual development of identities
153 III, 10. 1. 1 | The likelihood of an individual engaging in alcohol use
154 III, 10. 2 | 10.2. Individual characteristics~ ~
155 III, 10. 2. 1 | effects of smoking, induce individual cessation efforts and prevent
156 III, 10. 2. 1 | from taking up smoking. Individual interventions, such as pharmacological
157 III, 10. 2. 1 | Consequences of smoking for the individual and the society~ ~Smoking
158 III, 10. 2. 1 | Tobacco harm reduction~ ~Individual interventions~ ~An individual
159 III, 10. 2. 1 | Individual interventions~ ~An individual approach to smoking cessation
160 III, 10. 2. 1 | and telephone, as well as individual and group counselling.~ ~
161 III, 10. 2. 1 | surrounding the drinker at both individual and societal levels, in
162 III, 10. 2. 1 | harm has occurred to the individual as a result of his or her
163 III, 10. 2. 1 | is clear that many of the individual conditions that contribute
164 III, 10. 2. 1 | collective as well as the individual level. Areas with the most
165 III, 10. 2. 1 | after accounting for the individual relationship of occupation
166 III, 10. 2. 1 | characteristics of drug problems at individual and population levels.~ ~
167 III, 10. 2. 1 | has shown that a number of individual, professional and community
168 III, 10. 2. 1 | programmes. Professional and individual measures, including the
169 III, 10. 2. 1 | craniofacial health. These individual behaviours are associated
170 III, 10. 2. 1 | activities. It underlines that individual attempts for a healthy lifestyle
171 III, 10. 2. 1 | physical activity carried out by each individual is an absolute requirement
172 III, 10. 2. 1 | food consumption data at individual level. However, national
173 III, 10. 2. 1 | available~ ~ ~ ~ ~Czech Republic~Individual food consumption study~SISP04~
174 III, 10. 2. 1 | 2000-2005~6500~4 - >75~Individual dietary record~7~General
175 III, 10. 2. 1 | INCA~1998-1999~1642~15-92~Individual dietary record~7~Volatier
176 III, 10. 2. 1 | HNDS~2003-2004~1179~18-96~Individual dietary record~3~General
177 III, 10. 2. 1 | NSIFCS~1997-1999~1379~18-64~Individual dietary record~7~Refer to
178 III, 10. 2. 1 | INN-CA~1994-1996~1544~19-60~Individual dietary record~7~Turrini
179 III, 10. 2. 1 | RIKSMATEN~1997-1998~1210~17-79~Individual dietary record~7~Becker
180 III, 10. 2. 1 | DNFCS~1997-1998~4285~19-64~Individual dietary record~2~General
181 III, 10. 2. 1 | NDNS~2000-2001~1724~19-64~Individual dietary record~7~General
182 III, 10. 2. 1 | studies in which comparable individual dietary intake data were
183 III, 10. 2. 1 | habitual food intake at the individual level in as much detail
184 III, 10. 2. 1 | amino acids (Gurr, 1998). An individual’s requirements for different
185 III, 10. 2. 1 | conditions, such as whether the individual is growing or not and whether,
186 III, 10. 2. 1 | of the population.~ ~No individual food contains all nutrients
187 III, 10. 2. 1 | household surveys, data from individual surveys provide information
188 III, 10. 2. 1 | State populations depend on individual choices (cultural influences,
189 III, 10. 2. 1 | base for interventions at individual, school, workplace and community
190 III, 10. 2. 1 | targeted and tailored onto individual needs. Another review looking
191 III, 10. 2. 1 | thirdly, in relation to individual projects and programmes
192 III, 10. 2. 1 | foods intended for use by individual members of the general public;
193 III, 10. 2. 1 | foods that are consumed by individual consumers are to a large
194 III, 10. 2. 1 | and bioavailability of the individual substance by the EFSA.~ ~
195 III, 10. 2. 1 | and bioavailability of the individual substance by EFSA.~ ~The
196 III, 10. 2. 4 | infrastructures for the management of individual genome-based health information.~ ~
197 III, 10. 2. 4 | of “personal genomes” and individual genome-based health information.
198 III, 10. 2. 4 | outcomes”;~· the potential of individual genomic profiling: i.e.,
199 III, 10. 2. 4 | condition as the basis for individual health information management.
200 III, 10. 2. 4 | information management. Here, the individual genotype status on all genomic
201 III, 10. 2. 4 | to a screening based on individual genomic profiling;~· the
202 III, 10. 2. 4 | problems;~· correlation of individual pathways in systems biology
203 III, 10. 2. 4 | research, the family history, individual genomic variants and the
204 III, 10. 2. 4 | genomic variants and the individual exposure to exogenous risks.
205 III, 10. 2. 4 | tasks by looking at the individual first, identify individual
206 III, 10. 2. 4 | individual first, identify individual risks based on individual
207 III, 10. 2. 4 | individual risks based on individual genomic profiling and may
208 III, 10. 2. 4 | infrastructures for the management of individual genome-based health information.
209 III, 10. 2. 4 | infrastructure. The more individual prevention and therapy develop
210 III, 10. 2. 5 | gradual processes depending on individual characteristics. Such consideration
211 III, 10. 2. 5 | inadequate to evaluate the individual health status,~ ~For a detailed
212 III, 10. 3. 1 | collaborative analysis of individual data from 13 European case-control
213 III, 10. 3. 2 | our economic wealth and individual comfort. Europe has a 59%
214 III, 10. 4. 2 | required at both aggregated and individual food level. This concerns
215 III, 10. 4. 2 | estimation about 7.5 millions of individual data points were generated
216 III, 10. 4. 2 | has produced a number of individual pesticide/food combinations
217 III, 10. 4. 2 | to assess the safety of individual consumers exposed to maximum
218 III, 10. 4. 2 | food chain.~ ~Thus, the individual Member States have the central
219 III, 10. 4. 3 | households have access to individual sources of safe drinking-water.~ ~
220 III, 10. 4. 3 | reduce the threat to the individual consumer. However, in the
221 III, 10. 4. 5 | large differences between individual countries, and significant
222 III, 10. 5. 1 | more focused evaluation of individual conditions, such as air
223 III, 10. 5. 1 | This is especially true for individual homes or dwellings, which
224 III, 10. 5. 1 | being more focused on the individual settlement (home or dwelling)
225 III, 10. 5. 1 | needs. It usually considers individual transport by motorized vehicles (
226 III, 10. 5. 1 | transport (bus and train) and individual transport without motorized
227 III, 10. 5. 1 | are related to specific individual circumstances. The following
228 III, 10. 5. 2 | striking gender differences for individual countries. For example,
229 III, 10. 5. 2 | with parental education and individual living conditions in East
230 III, 10. 5. 3 | work is the source of most individual, corporate and community
231 III, 10. 5. 3 | unemployed. In the long run, individual unemployment is associated
232 III, 10. 5. 3 | high but there is little individual control over the work.~A
233 III, 10. 5. 3 | that the likelihood of an individual returning to work is influenced
234 III, 10. 5. 3 | or assign OSH duties to individual employees. Consultation
235 III, 10. 5. 3 | working and living conditions, individual characteristics and socio-economic
236 III, 10. 5. 3 | been supplemented by 19 individual directives.~In order to
237 III, 10. 5. 3 | working and living conditions, individual characteristics and socio-economic
238 III, 10. 6. 1 | found to be linked to one’s individual social networks. Females
239 III, 10. 6. 2 | lifestyles through which an individual can influence him/herself,
240 III, 10. 6. 2 | dental care. Rebuilding individual self-confidence is a key
241 III, 10. 6. 3 | the complex interplay of individual, relationship, social, cultural
242 III, 10. 6. 3 | following issues:~ ~· Addressing individual risk factors and taking
243 III, 10. 6. 3 | and taking steps to modify individual risk behaviours, including
244 IV, 11. 1. 1 | of citizens – both at an individual and population basis. Even
245 IV, 11. 1. 3 | systems, the role of the individual or patient is another factor
246 IV, 11. 1. 4 | factors that influence an individual’s propensity to seek health
247 IV, 11. 1. 4 | consider the capacity of an individual to benefit from health care (
248 IV, 11. 1. 5 | provide products to meet the individual patient’s need, thus require
249 IV, 11. 1. 5 | 050 points, with scores of individual practices made publicly
250 IV, 11. 1. 5 | incentives and the behaviour of individual doctors, particularly in
251 IV, 11. 1. 5 | medical professionals and individual hospitals, as well as the
252 IV, 11. 1. 5 | looking at trust levels for individual professional groups, most
253 IV, 11. 2. 2 | population and not on the individual, and involves efforts by
254 IV, 11. 3. 1 | left under the purview of individual institutions as in other
255 IV, 11. 3. 2 | for physicians, such as individual, practice or collective
256 IV, 11. 6. 2 | collection of resources by individual insurance funds. Some countries
257 IV, 11. 6. 2 | levied on all elements of individual and corporate income, unlike
258 IV, 11. 6. 2 | Poland and Romania, or by the individual health insurance funds,
259 IV, 11. 6. 2 | financial burden onto the individual, and introducing barriers
260 IV, 11. 6. 4 | collected locally or where individual health insurance funds are
261 IV, 11. 6. 4 | significant information at individual level to measure: a) the
262 IV, 11. 6. 4 | benefits are possible on an individual basis) with the exception
263 IV, 12. 1 | balance to be struck between individual choices and voluntary behaviour
264 IV, 12. 2 | in CVD prevention is that individual risk factors (such as hypertension
265 IV, 12. 2 | both at a population and an individual level, notably by identifying
266 IV, 12. 2 | determinants~ ~1. Tobacco~ ~1.1. Individual interventions~ ~An individual
267 IV, 12. 2 | Individual interventions~ ~An individual approach to smoking cessation
268 IV, 12. 2 | and telephone, as well as individual and group counseling.~ ~
269 IV, 12. 8 | Community law. At the same time, individual Member States can no longer
270 IV, 12. 10 | risk!) awareness at the individual level is part of most measures
271 IV, 12. 10 | prerequisite for informed individual decision making. This applies
272 IV, 12. 10 | obliged to organise either an Individual System or to join a Collective
273 IV, 12. 10 | nutrition of the contemporary individual".~Finally, the Association
274 IV, 13.Acr | population rather than on the individual, and involves efforts by
275 IV, 13. 2. 4 | in DALY's lost, for the individual countries of the European
276 IV, 13. 6. 1 | and on the effect on the individual. However, as pointed out
277 IV, 13. 7. 5 | information systems based on individual level data are required.~ ~
278 IV, 13. 7. 5 | privacy interests of the individual. Data Protection legislation
279 IV, 13. 7. 5 | between the rights of the individual and the needs of the society.
280 IV, 13. 7. 5 | services’ only refers to individual patient care. Thus, only
281 IV, 13. 7. 5 | health care services at individual level..~ ~In any case, clearness
