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Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 2 | in the demand structure caused by demographic ageing will
2 I, 2. 9 | groups. Climate change has caused advancement in the life
3 I, 3. 3 | ageing. Population ageing is caused by declining fertility and
4 I, 3. 3 | 1980s in most countries, caused by the baby-boom generation
5 II, 4. 2 | the increase for men was caused by the decline in mortality
6 II, 4. 2 | life expectancy was mainly caused by a decline in mortality
7 II, 4. 2 | cerebrovascular disease together caused one fourth in the rise of
8 II, 4. 2 | cerebrovascular disease caused 40% of the increase in life
9 II, 4. 2 | of mortality by cancer is caused by smoking. Mortality by
10 II, 4. 2 | by circulatory diseases caused more than half of the increase
11 II, 4. 2 | 4.2.5 shows that cancers caused by smoking had a negative
12 II, 5. 1. 1| anorexia and bulimia are caused by a complex of conditions
13 II, 5. 1. 1| words, eating disorders are caused by an environment where
14 II, 5. 1. 1| Reproductive disfuncions can be caused by some pharmaceuticals.
15 II, 5. 1. 1| effects on development can be caused by exposure to lead, cadmium,
16 II, 5. 2. 4| exception of smoke, are mostly caused by the interaction between
17 II, 5. 2. 7| in mortality from stroke caused by changes in stroke event
18 II, 5. 3. 2| that:~- mesothelioma is caused by exposure to asbestos;~-
19 II, 5. 3. 5| detects cervical lesions caused by HPV infection before
20 II, 5. 3. 5| Figure 5.3.21). This could be caused by different HPV exposure
21 II, 5. 5.Int| that eating disorders are caused by a combination of psychological,
22 II, 5. 5.Int| misuse of drugs and the harm caused by alcohol. Initiatives
23 II, 5. 5. 1| comparable to the reduction caused by serious physical illness (
24 II, 5. 5. 2| of symptoms) which may be caused by an almost infinite number
25 II, 5. 5. 3| anorexia and bulimia are caused by several conditions including
26 II, 5. 5. 3| words, eating disorders are caused by an environment where
27 II, 5. 5. 3| re-hospitalisation. The economic burden caused by schizophrenia exceeds
28 II, 5. 5. 3| definition is given for a death “caused” by schizophrenia. Other
29 II, 5. 5. 3| increased mortality mainly caused by co-morbid disorders and
30 II, 5. 5. 3| unnatural deaths. Death rates caused by schizophrenia vary widely
31 II, 5. 5. 3| statistics on all expenditures caused by schizophrenia is not
32 II, 5. 5. 3| do to reduce the burden caused by schizophrenia for affected
33 II, 5. 5. 3| However, whether this is truly caused by cigarette smoking, or
34 II, 5. 6. 3| pain is defined as symptoms caused by a specific pathophysiologic
35 II, 5. 6. 4| sickness absence that is caused by the different musculoskeletal
36 II, 5. 8. 3| variability of estimates caused by different definitions
37 II, 5. 9. FB| have developed symptoms caused by occupational allergic
38 II, 5. 9. 4| but may also be in part caused by the removal of pets in
39 II, 5. 9. 4| sensitization was predominantly caused by grass pollen (12.7%),
40 II, 5. 11. 1| conversely, skin failure (e.g. caused by a severe drug reaction)
41 II, 5. 11. 3| blackheads) and scars. It is caused by a combination of factors
42 II, 5. 11. 3| been mainly perceived as caused by internal disease (“skin
43 II, 5. 11. 3| world-wide and 37 000 deaths caused by melanoma. In Europe,
44 II, 5. 11. 3| diagnosed and 9000 deaths caused by melanoma. The annual
45 II, 5. 14. 1| inflammatory disease initially caused by bacterial infection with
46 II, 5. 14. 3| the loss of tooth enamel caused by acid attack, is currently
47 II, 6. 3. 2| associated infections (HCAI) are caused by resistant bacteria, a
48 II, 6. 3. 2| S. aureus infections are caused by MRSA. Data on AMR show
49 II, 6. 3. 3| infection~ ~Chlamydia infection, caused by the bacterium Chlamydia
50 II, 6. 3. 3| Gonorrhoea~ ~Gonorrhoea is caused by the bacterium Neisseria
51 II, 6. 3. 3| an infection of the liver caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV).
52 II, 6. 3. 3| the E.U.~ ~Hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (
53 II, 6. 3. 4| of the respiratory tract, caused by influenza virus A and
54 II, 6. 3. 4| is a bacterial disease, caused by inhaling a bacteria belonging
55 II, 6. 3. 4| is a respiratory disease caused by the bacteria Legionella
56 II, 6. 3. 4| with a high fatality rate, caused by a corona virus, the SARS-associated
57 II, 6. 3. 4| health services, the epidemic caused significant social and economic
58 II, 6. 3. 5| Invasive meningococcal disease, caused by the bacterium Neisseria
59 II, 6. 3. 5| Most disease in Europe is caused by serogroups B and C. Since
60 II, 6. 3. 5| rates.~ ~Invasive infection caused by Haemophilus influenzae
61 II, 6. 3. 5| of the respiratory tract caused by the bacterium Bordetella
62 II, 6. 3. 5| upper respiratory tract caused by a toxin from the bacterium
63 II, 6. 3. 5| years.~ ~Mumps~ ~Mumps is caused by the mumps virus. Mumps
64 II, 6. 3. 5| women).~ ~Polio~ ~Polio is caused by poliovirus. Childhood
65 II, 6. 3. 5| case of flaccid paralysis caused by wild polio was reported
66 II, 6. 3. 5| 1992–93 when imported polio caused an outbreak of 71 cases
67 II, 6. 3. 6| while Cryptosporidium has caused waterborne outbreaks in
68 II, 6. 3. 6| It may be that outbreaks caused by norovirus in confined
69 II, 6. 3. 6| gastrointestinal disease caused by the bacterium Campylobacter.
70 II, 6. 3. 6| is a diarrhoeal disease caused by the bacterium Salmonella.
71 II, 6. 3. 6| life-threatening systemic disease caused by the Salmonella typhi
72 II, 6. 3. 6| Shigellosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Shigella
73 II, 6. 3. 6| Yersiniosis~ ~Yersiniosis is caused by the bacterium Yersinia (
74 II, 6. 3. 6| Listeriosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Listeria
75 II, 6. 3. 6| Brucellosis is a disease caused by Brucella genus bacteria.
76 II, 6. 3. 6| serious paralytic illness caused by a nerve toxin produced
77 II, 6. 3. 6| while wound botulism is caused by toxin produced from an
78 II, 6. 3. 6| acute enteric infection caused by the bacterium Vibrio
79 II, 6. 3. 6| viral disease of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV).
80 II, 6. 3. 6| Toxoplasmosis~ ~Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite
81 II, 6. 3. 6| is a parasitic infection caused by Giardia intestinalis (
82 II, 6. 3. 6| Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium, infecting
83 II, 6. 3. 6| zoonotic parasitic disease, caused by the larval stage of the
84 II, 6. 3. 6| Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease caused Trichinella. The main source
85 II, 6. 3. 7| Tularaemia is a zoonosis, caused by the bacteria Francisella
86 II, 6. 3. 7| nephropathia epidemica’, is caused by the puumala virus, and
87 II, 6. 3. 7| Q fever is a zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii, characterised
88 II, 6. 3. 7| wide clinical spectrum, caused by Leptospira bacteria.
89 II, 6. 3. 7| Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus
90 II, 6. 3. 7| Rabies~ ~Rabies is a disease caused by a rhabdovirus. It is
91 II, 6. 3. 7| diseases~ ~Malaria~ ~Malaria is caused by the parasite Plasmodium,
92 II, 6. 3. 7| haemorrhagic fevers are caused by the ebolavirus and marburgvirus
93 II, 6. 3. 7| Yellow fever virus (YFV) has caused large epidemics in Africa
94 II, 6. 3. 7| Yellow fever has not caused any outbreaks in Europe
95 II, 7. 4 | Sports injuries;~· Injuries caused by products and services;~·
96 II, 7. 4. 1| drowning and accidents caused by fire and flames are the
97 II, 7. 4. 5| Prevention of injuries caused by products and services~ ~
98 II, 7. 5 | sport injuries; injuries caused by products and services;
99 II, 8. 2. 1| age of 18 years. It can be caused by injury, disease, or a
100 II, 8. 2. 2| activities.~Visual impairment caused by uncorrected or inadequately
101 II, 8. 2. 2| magnitude of visual impairment caused by uncorrected refractive
102 II, 9 | in developed countries is caused by physical inactivity.~ ~
103 II, 9 | acceleration in decline caused by external factors can
104 II, 9. 1. 2| possibility that it can be caused by exposure to endocrine
105 II, 9. 2. 3| controversy about alleged damage caused by MMR (measles, mumps and
106 II, 9. 2. 3| proportion of obesity will be caused by genetic or metabolic
107 II, 9. 3. 1| in the degree of distress caused. Difficulties in integrating
108 II, 9. 3. 1| in developed countries is caused by physical inactivity.~ ~
109 II, 9. 3. 2| the pregnancy directly caused the death) and indirect (
110 II, 9. 3. 2| higher multiple birth rates caused by more common use of procedures
111 II, 9. 3. 3| et al, 2006) that may be caused by women under-report and/
112 II, 9. 4. 4| acceleration in decline caused by external factors can
113 II, 9. 5. 3| one of the main problems caused by drinking. There is much
114 II, 9. 5. 3| in developed countries is caused by physical inactivity.~ ~
115 II, 9. 5. 4| on Public health problems caused by harmful use of alcohol (
116 III, 10. 2. 1| 2008). All the diseases caused by direct smoke and second-hand
117 III, 10. 2. 1| Table 10.2.1.1.1. Diseases caused by smoking and by second-hand
118 III, 10. 2. 1| CDC (2006)~ ~Diseases caused by smoking~Diseases caused
119 III, 10. 2. 1| caused by smoking~Diseases caused by second-hand smoke~Cancers~
120 III, 10. 2. 1| Bladder~ ~ ~ ~For the diseases caused by second-hand smoke: Evidence
121 III, 10. 2. 1| and adverse health effects caused by active cigarette smoking.~ ~ ~
122 III, 10. 2. 1| nicotine, there is a “kick” caused in part by the drug’s stimulation
123 III, 10. 2. 1| 90s. This phenomenon has caused a dramatic increase in drug-related
124 III, 10. 2. 1| in particular infection caused by the hepatitis C virus (
125 III, 10. 2. 1| EMCDDA, refer to deaths caused directly by the consumption
126 III, 10. 2. 1| ecstasy are infrequent, but caused considerable concern as
127 III, 10. 2. 1| patterns and the complications caused by the combined use of different
128 III, 10. 3. 1| Indoor radon exposure caused by radon gas seeping into
129 III, 10. 3. 1| ages combined, melanoma caused by UVR leads to the loss
130 III, 10. 3. 2| currently much of this burden is caused by “traditional” risk factors
131 III, 10. 3. 3| S. aureus infections is caused by MRSA. Evidence from the
132 III, 10. 3. 3| of the respiratory tract, caused by influenza virus A and
133 III, 10. 3. 3| with a high fatality rate, caused by a corona virus, the SARS-associated
134 III, 10. 3. 3| morbillivirus. Mumps is caused by the mumps virus. Rubella
135 III, 10. 3. 3| birth defects. Polio is caused by poliovirus, which infects
136 III, 10. 3. 3| It may be that outbreaks caused by norovirus in confined
137 III, 10. 3. 3| is a respiratory disease caused by the bacteria Legionella
138 III, 10. 3. 3| Invasive meningococcal disease, caused by the bacterium Neisseria
139 III, 10. 3. 3| of the respiratory tract caused by the Bordetella pertussis
140 III, 10. 3. 3| upper respiratory tract caused by a toxin from the Corynebacterium
141 III, 10. 3. 3| while Cryptosporidium has caused waterborne outbreaks in
142 III, 10. 3. 3| stressors. Toxoplasmosis is caused by the protozoan parasite
143 III, 10. 3. 3| is a parasitic infection caused by Giardia intestinalis,
144 III, 10. 3. 3| Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic disease caused by Cryptosporidium, infecting
145 III, 10. 3. 3| zoonotic parasitic disease, caused by the larval stage of the
146 III, 10. 3. 3| Trichinellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Trichinella. The first
147 III, 10. 3. 4| Europe, climate change has caused an increase in the frequency
148 III, 10. 3. 4| although much more frequent, caused relatively fewer deaths.
149 III, 10. 3. 4| events as the event having caused most deaths, on flooding
150 III, 10. 3. 4| harmful exposures were also caused or exacerbated by extreme
151 III, 10. 3. 4| health impacts, the heatwave caused also economic damages. France
152 III, 10. 3. 4| floods into direct effects caused by the floodwaters (such
153 III, 10. 3. 4| injuries) and indirect effects caused by other flood effects (
154 III, 10. 3. 4| disorders and poisoning caused by toxic substances. Health
155 III, 10. 3. 4| Region, and the devastation caused affected almost 300 000
156 III, 10. 4. 1| recognised.~ ~Damage to health is caused primarily by two types of
157 III, 10. 4. 2| bovis; and~• infections caused by verotoxigenic Escherichia
158 III, 10. 4. 2| poultry. Food-borne infections caused by these resistant bacteria
159 III, 10. 4. 2| Campylobacter outbreaks were caused by contaminated drinking
160 III, 10. 4. 2| of the Common Market has caused, also for matters concerning
161 III, 10. 4. 3| illness. Four outbreaks were caused by protozoa (3.7% of cases
162 III, 10. 4. 5| Moreover, toxic algal blooms, caused by the increasing eutrophication
163 III, 10. 4. 5| Swimmers Itch” is a dermatitis caused by trematode parasites of
164 III, 10. 4. 5| difficult to detect as they are caused by long term low-level exposures.
165 III, 10. 5. 3| vulnerable to disruption caused by illness among employees.
166 III, 10. 5. 3| perceived health problems caused by work are reported. All
167 III, 10. 5. 3| national authorities as being caused by a factor at work. Since
168 III, 10. 5. 3| irrespective of their severity were caused or made worse by work. However,
169 III, 10. 5. 3| losses~Production losses are caused by absence from work due
170 III, 10. 5. 3| problems totally or partially caused by working conditions, including
171 III, 10. 5. 3| Germany compensation is still caused by exposures to silica even
172 III, 10. 5. 3| France 48% compensation is caused by exposures to asbestos
173 III, 10. 5. 3| many accidents and diseases caused by work and there is not
174 IV, 12. 2 | impact. Such constraints caused the closure of several cancer
175 IV, 13. 2. 2| in developed countries is caused by physical inactivity.~ ~ ~
176 IV, 13. 2. 3| diet is similar to that caused by smoking. The theoretical
177 IV, 13. 2. 3| acrylamide is greater than that caused by various substances found
178 IV, 13. 2. 3| 10,000~ ~Gastroenteritis caused by micro-organisms in food~ ~ ~
179 IV, 13. 2. 3| Overweight can also be caused by lack of physical activity,
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