Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 3 | voluntary pregnancy termination shows that abortion rates are
2 I, 2. 4 | available evidence clearly shows that these changes in mortality
3 I, 2. 5 | since the 80s. Figure 2.3 shows the significant differences
4 I, 2. 5 | forecast compiled by Eurostat shows that the number of older
5 I, 2. 6 | countries.~ ~The indicator shows the percentage of the adult
6 I, 2. 10. 1| genomic risk stratification shows outcomes which lead to the
7 I, 3. 1 | birth cohort perspective shows that women born at the end
8 I, 3. 1 | Toulemon, 1995). Research shows that having a partner or
9 I, 3. 3 | EU Member States (NMS12) shows two bulges: those born just
10 I, 3. 3 | in ageing. Figure 3.5.3 shows the percentage of the population
11 I, 3. 3 | of countries only Sweden shows an atypical trend, having
12 I, 3. 3 | the smallest. Figure 15 shows that currently Turkey, Ireland,
13 II, 4. 1 | countries.~ ~Table 4.1.1 shows estimates for 2005 at European
14 II, 4. 1 | at 50 and at 65. It also shows the difference in these
15 II, 4. 1 | Michel, 2004).~ ~Table 4.1.3 shows 10-year trends in life expectancy
16 II, 4. 1 | per gender~ ~Table 4.1.5 shows firstly that by 2005 LE
17 II, 4. 1 | Japan. Secondly, the table shows that gender gaps range from
18 II, 4. 2 | 7 years).~ ~Table 4.2.1 shows the contribution of age
19 II, 4. 2 | causes of death. Table 4.2.2 shows the contribution of 13 selected
20 II, 4. 2 | remaining causes of death’ shows. In the 1980s, the contribution
21 II, 4. 2 | EU15 average.~ ~Table 4.2.3 shows the Arriaga decomposition
22 II, 4. 2 | diseases.~ ~Table 4.2.4 shows by how many years life expectancy
23 II, 4. 2 | expectancy at birth. The table shows that for men in 7 out of
24 II, 4. 2 | countries~ ~Table 4.2.5 shows that cancers caused by smoking
25 II, 4. 2 | recent decades, table 6 shows the average change in life
26 II, 4. 2 | countries.~ ~Table 4.2.6 shows that in 11 out of the 17
27 II, 4. 2 | for women.~ ~Table 4.2.7 shows the development of mortality
28 II, 5. 1. 1| diseases~The available evidence shows that important risk factors
29 II, 5. 1. 2| heterogeneous reality. It shows how difficult it is to define
30 II, 5. 2. 3| Morbidity~ ~Table 5.2.2 shows IHD and AMI hospital discharge
31 II, 5. 2. 3| Morbidity~ ~Table 5.2.2 also shows stroke hospital discharge
32 II, 5. 2. 4| 160 mmHg).~Table 5.2.8 shows data on total cholesterol:
33 II, 5. 3. 1| health relevance. Table 5.3.1 shows the burden of these cancer
34 II, 5. 3. 5| implementation.~Figure 5.3.17 shows that the maximum incidence
35 II, 5. 3. 5| with GDP.~Figure 5.3.19 shows that in 2007 mortality rates
36 II, 5. 4. 3| Standardised incidence shows a ten-fold variation, ranging
37 II, 5. 4. 4| prevalence results. Evidence shows that prevalence is rapidly
38 II, 5. 5. 3| loss of nervous origins” shows beside an avoidance of highly-caloric
39 II, 5. 5. 3| 20–24-year-old females) shows an incidence rate of 81,
40 II, 5. 5. 3| year follow-up for Goteborg shows that 50% of anorectic persons
41 II, 5. 5. 3| episode, an additional third shows a chronic progressive course,
42 II, 5. 5. 3| prescribing practice also shows significant differences
43 II, 5. 5. 3| is unknown. The disease shows heterogeneity with respect
44 II, 5. 5. 3| The clinical course of MS shows heterogeneity among patients
45 II, 5. 9. 4| species. Moreover, this report shows that sensitization to Olea
46 II, 5. 10. 1| identified foods causing FA shows a geographical variation
47 II, 5. 11. 3| Atopic eczema in childhood shows a striking social class
48 II, 5. 12. 3| mortality from cirrhosis shows a general favourable trend
49 II, 5. 13 | Moreover, a systematic review shows that childhood obesity is
50 II, 5. 14. 3| also high in children. This shows that significant proportions
51 II, 5. 14. 4| Currently available evidence shows that important risk factors
52 II, 5. 15. 3| treated etc.). The survey shows that access differs between
53 II, 6. 3. 1| chapters in this report also shows that across the EU there
54 II, 6. 3. 2| across and within countries shows a lot of variation. Furthermore,
55 II, 6. 3. 2| for AMR, antimicrobial use shows a general gradient from
56 II, 6. 3. 3| and Slovakia (Lithuania shows a stable trend). In 2005,
57 II, 6. 3. 6| five years. The disease shows a characteristic seasonality
58 II, 7. 3. 2| falls in the elderly. This shows that further efforts are
59 II, 7. 3. 4| non-fatal work place accidents shows a significant variation
60 II, 7. 3. 4| accidents by severity, EU15 + NO shows the severity of non-fatal
61 II, 7. 4 | previous chapter clearly shows the public health relevance
62 II, 9 | ESPAD from 16 year olds shows a range of persons who had
63 II, 9. 1. 2| Denmark).~ ~Table 9.1.2.3 shows TOPFA before and after 20
64 II, 9. 1. 2| Chapter 8. Figure 9.1.2.2 shows the resulting increase in
65 II, 9. 1. 2| requirement in theory, experience shows that while parental refusals
66 II, 9. 2. 2| to promote breastfeeding shows a far from perfect picture
67 II, 9. 2. 3| summary of the situation shows that we do not know well
68 II, 9. 2. 3| 11-15 years of age group, shows that by no means all children
69 II, 9. 2. 4| ESPAD from 16 year olds shows a range of persons who had
70 II, 9. 3. 1| percent of cervical cancer shows evidence of HPV infection (
71 II, 9. 3. 2| Delivery~Figure 9.3.2.3. shows an increasing trend towards
72 II, 9. 3. 3| health promotion, but evidence shows that they need to go beyond
73 II, 9. 4. 3| aged 0-14 years [per 100]) shows that Italy is the ‘oldest’
74 III, 10. 1 | society.~ ~Figure 10.1.2 shows another model of some of
75 III, 10. 2. 1| improvement. Economic evidence shows that tobacco control interventions
76 III, 10. 2. 1| heart disease.~ ~Alcohol shows reproductive toxicity. Prenatal
77 III, 10. 2. 1| extensive evidence that shows the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
78 III, 10. 2. 1| Wilbourne 2002). Evidence shows that individuals exposed
79 III, 10. 2. 1| year use of different drugs shows that more than 10% of Europeans
80 III, 10. 2. 1| Data from the ESPAD survey shows an overall increase in the
81 III, 10. 2. 1| HIV prevalence among IDUs shows considerable variation in
82 III, 10. 2. 1| high level. Figure 10.2.3.7 shows the trend in drug-related
83 III, 10. 2. 1| Euromonitor's research shows that whitening, sensitive,
84 III, 10. 2. 1| Epidemiological research shows that physical inactivity
85 III, 10. 2. 1| The Swiss Health Survey shows that the proportion of people
86 III, 10. 2. 1| highlights this issue and shows that the amount of physical
87 III, 10. 2. 1| Moreover, a systematic review shows that childhood obesity is
88 III, 10. 2. 1| weight.~ ~Figure 10.2.1.7.2 shows the prevalence of pre-obesity
89 III, 10. 2. 1| respectively. Figure 10.2.1.7.5 shows the gross human apparent
90 III, 10. 2. 4| genomic risk stratification shows outcomes which lead to the
91 III, 10. 3. 1| for long, recent research shows that the health impacts
92 III, 10. 3. 2| and 30 per year (EU15) and shows no clear trend. According
93 III, 10. 3. 2| tributaries~ ~Table 10.3.2.2 shows levels of platinum group
94 III, 10. 3. 2| different populations clearly shows an increased body burden
95 III, 10. 3. 2| different populations clearly shows an increased body burden
96 III, 10. 3. 2| summarized in Figure 10.3.2.4 shows decreasing levels of DDT,
97 III, 10. 3. 3| and low baseline figures, shows that a general increase
98 III, 10. 3. 4| 2005. The case of Bulgaria shows that floods threaten the
99 III, 10. 4. 1| available year); Figure 10.4.1.2 shows the changes in exposure
100 III, 10. 4. 3| selected European countries shows there were 90 water-borne
101 III, 10. 4. 5| Nonetheless, experience shows that successful prevention
102 III, 10. 5. 1| Urban Audit of EU cities shows that in average, only half (
103 III, 10. 5. 1| on coal burning in Dublin shows: after the 1990 ban on coal
104 III, 10. 5. 1| problem for national data and shows what variation in the quality
105 III, 10. 5. 1| than by income, and thereby shows that even if we analyse
106 III, 10. 5. 2| the EU countries covered shows a clear difference between
107 III, 10. 5. 2| Netherlands, the urban population shows more health problems, a
108 III, 10. 5. 2| et al., 2006). A UK-study shows the same result for birth weight,
109 III, 10. 5. 3| forecast compiled by Eurostat shows that the number of older
110 III, 10. 6. 1| Carelia region in Finland shows that individuals with poor
111 III, 10. 6. 1| the EU~ ~The HBSC study shows the importance of new media
112 III, 10. 6. 2| available evidence clearly shows that these changes in mortality
113 III, 10. 6. 3| offences. Figure 10.6.3.1. shows the results. Some countries,
114 III, 10. 6. 3| below 2%). Figure 10.6.3.1. shows national rates.~ ~Figure
115 IV, 11. 1. 5| variations in quality and shows that improving quality is
116 IV, 11. 1. 5| Recent evidence from the US shows that some purchasers are
117 IV, 11. 1. 5| Observational evidence from the US shows that those states with public
118 IV, 11. 1. 6| negative incentives. Table 11.3 shows the physician payment methods
119 IV, 11. 3. 2| through centralised procedure shows stability in the main therapeutic
120 IV, 11. 5. 3| guidelines.~Figure 11.15 shows the different factors included
121 IV, 11. 5. 3| guidelines. Figure 11.16 shows the biological tests used
122 IV, 11. 5. 3| transplant~ ~As Figure 11.16 shows, there is consensus in the
123 IV, 11. 5. 3| evaluation, Figure 11.17 shows the different practices
124 IV, 11. 5. 3| countries~ ~Figure 11.18 shows the different procedures
125 IV, 11. 5. 4| Comparison between countries shows that final national donation
126 IV, 11. 5. 5| Goldman and Wood, 2007) shows the current situation of
127 IV, 11. 6. 1| the last 10 years clearly shows the consistent growth across
128 IV, 11. 6. 2| expenditure. Table 11.11 shows that the public share (%)
129 IV, 11. 6. 2| Eastern European region shows a more consistent decreasing
130 IV, 11. 6. 2| review of the literature shows cost sharing for prescription
131 IV, 12. 2 | extensive evidence that shows the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness
132 IV, 12. 2 | Wilbourne 2002). The evidence shows that individuals exposed
133 IV, 13. 2. 3| diseases. The comparison shows that the overall health
134 IV, 13. 2. 3| depression. Table 13.7 also shows that the demonstrable health
