| | 
Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 II, 5. 5. 3| hepatitis, osteoporosis, altered pain sensitivity, sexual dysfunction,
2 II, 5. 5. 3| measures of general health, pain, role-emotion, and social
3 II, 5. 6. 1| most often characterised by pain and physical disability.
4 II, 5. 6. 1| symptomatic, such as low back pain.~ ~Musculoskeletal problems
5 II, 5. 6. 1| disorders e.g. low back pain; (4) regional and widespread
6 II, 5. 6. 1| regional and widespread pain disorders; (5) musculoskeletal
7 II, 5. 6. 1| arthritis, osteoporosis and back pain.~ ~Musculoskeletal problems
8 II, 5. 6. 3| Rates~ ~Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability~ ~Definitions~ ~
9 II, 5. 6. 3| Definitions~ ~Musculoskeletal pain is experienced by most people
10 II, 5. 6. 3| time.~ ~Musculoskeletal pain may be associated to a specific
11 II, 5. 6. 3| regional or generalized pain problem. It can be acute
12 II, 5. 6. 3| situation with low back pain; or may be chronic as is
13 II, 5. 6. 3| 72 year-olds reported no pain during the previous year,
14 II, 5. 6. 3| reported musculoskeletal pain during the previous week
15 II, 5. 6. 3| 15% had musculoskeletal pain every day during the previous
16 II, 5. 6. 3| prevalence of musculoskeletal pain increases mainly up to about
17 II, 5. 6. 3| decline in the complaint of pain has been noticed over 65
18 II, 5. 6. 3| chronic musculoskeletal pain (95% Cl) among all respondents (
19 II, 5. 6. 3| functioning, role functioning and pain.~ ~Musculoskeletal conditions
20 II, 5. 6. 3| 1997). Musculoskeletal pain is usually associated to
21 II, 5. 6. 3| greater with more widespread pain, back pain and knee pain (
22 II, 5. 6. 3| more widespread pain, back pain and knee pain (Urwin et
23 II, 5. 6. 3| pain, back pain and knee pain (Urwin et al, 1998). In
24 II, 5. 6. 3| muscle, joint, neck or back pain which affected their daily
25 II, 5. 6. 3| restrictive musculoskeletal pain (Eurobarometer Special Report
26 II, 5. 6. 3| is characterized by joint pain, tenderness, limitation
27 II, 5. 6. 3| and the presence of joint pain most days (Altman et al,
28 II, 5. 6. 3| 1964), leading to increased pain and disability (Dougados
29 II, 5. 6. 3| physical activity (Table 5.6.4). The pain and disability associated
30 II, 5. 6. 3| symptoms. The presence of knee pain without an examination or
31 II, 5. 6. 3| Osteoarthritis results in pain, loss of motion of affected
32 II, 5. 6. 3| a major cause of chronic pain and disability resulting
33 II, 5. 6. 3| modifying drugs, better pain management and joint replacement
34 II, 5. 6. 3| later she may present back pain, with or without minor trauma,
35 II, 5. 6. 3| corticosteroid use. The back pain may remit and relapse with
36 II, 5. 6. 3| Hip fracture results in pain, loss of mobility and excess
37 II, 5. 6. 3| age or with comorbidity. Pain and loss of spinal movement
38 II, 5. 6. 3| deformities, is associated to pain and long-term impairment
39 II, 5. 6. 3| the absence of significant pain, whilst undiagnosed vertebral
40 II, 5. 6. 3| Community 1998).~ ~Low Back pain~ ~Definition~ ~Low back
41 II, 5. 6. 3| Definition~ ~Low back pain is a major health and socio-economic
42 II, 5. 6. 3| more episodes of low back pain in their lives. It is usually
43 II, 5. 6. 3| It is usually defined as pain localised below the line
44 II, 5. 6. 3| 1986), with or without leg pain. It is usually classified
45 II, 5. 6. 3| non-specific”. Specific back pain is defined as symptoms caused
46 II, 5. 6. 3| of people with low back pain have no clearly defined
47 II, 5. 6. 3| Non-specific low back pain is usually classified according
48 II, 5. 6. 3| and recurrence. Acute back pain is of less than 6 weeks
49 II, 5. 6. 3| described as recurrent back pain.~ ~Natural history~ ~Most
50 II, 5. 6. 3| Most episodes of low back pain settle after a couple of
51 II, 5. 6. 3| exacerbations of chronic low back pain. Many people with chronic
52 II, 5. 6. 3| people with chronic low back pain also have widespread pain.~ ~
53 II, 5. 6. 3| pain also have widespread pain.~ ~Incidence~ ~There are
54 II, 5. 6. 3| the incidence of low back pain with sciatica was 11.6 /
55 II, 5. 6. 3| history of previous low back pain.~ ~Prevalence~ ~Lifetime
56 II, 5. 6. 3| between 58% and 84%. Back pain is very common but the prevalence
57 II, 5. 6. 3| that are suffering back pain at a particular point in
58 II, 5. 6. 3| The occurrence of low back pain is associated with age,
59 II, 5. 6. 3| to the occurrence of back pain are anxiety, depression,
60 II, 5. 6. 3| emotional instability and pain behaviour. Occupational
61 II, 5. 6. 3| loss attributed to back pain more than physical aspects
62 II, 5. 6. 3| society (socioeconomic)~ ~Back pain has a marked effect on the
63 II, 5. 6. 3| The problem is defined by pain, which is often persistent
64 II, 5. 6. 3| a background of chronic pain. Pain is often worse with
65 II, 5. 6. 3| background of chronic pain. Pain is often worse with prolonged
66 II, 5. 6. 3| have chronic widespread pain. Strenuous activities as
67 II, 5. 6. 3| during the episode of back pain by worsening of the pain
68 II, 5. 6. 3| pain by worsening of the pain and after the episode by
69 II, 5. 6. 3| 90% of the cost of back pain is indirect due to work
70 II, 5. 6. 3| for prevention in low back pain http ). The costs are mainly
71 II, 5. 6. 3| 25% of those with back pain persisting for more than
72 II, 5. 6. 3| cases with chronic back pain, the impact on health and
73 II, 5. 6. 3| non-specific widespread pain condition.~ ~Future trends~ ~
74 II, 5. 6. 4| the individual. A chronic pain condition might lead to
75 II, 5. 6. 4| over 4 days had low back pain, 20% neck and shoulder disorders
76 II, 5. 6. 6| Epidemiological aspects of back pain. J Soc Occup Med 36:90-94~
77 II, 5. 6. 6| features of chronic low-back pain. Lancet 354:581-585~Andersson
78 II, 5. 6. 6| Rosenberg C (1993): Chronic pain in a geographically defined
79 II, 5. 6. 6| gender, social class, and pain localization. Clin J Pain
80 II, 5. 6. 6| pain localization. Clin J Pain 9:174-182~Arnett FC, Edworthy
81 II, 5. 6. 6| Chronic musculoskeletal pain, prevalence rates, and sociodemographic
82 II, 5. 6. 6| Frymoyer JW (1988): Back pain and sciatica. N Engl J Med
83 II, 5. 6. 6| 1997): Musculoskeletal pain and quality of life in patients
84 II, 5. 6. 6| with noninflammatory joint pain compared to rheumatoid arthritis:
85 II, 5. 6. 6| C, Coggon D (2000) Back pain in Britain: comparison of
86 II, 5. 6. 6| 2004): Musculoskeletal pain in Europe: its impact and
87 II, 5. 11. 1| organ which distinguishes pain, touch, itching, heat and
88 II, 5. 11. 4| leg ulcers produce chronic pain and limit the ability to
89 II, 5. 14. 1| Ismail, 2007). To avoid pain and discomfort, decayed
90 II, 5. 14. 3| sequelae can cause significant pain and are expensive to treat.
91 II, 5. 14. 3| population. Measures of oral pain and oral functional limitation
92 II, 5. 14. 3| with dental emergencies (pain/problems) rather than for
93 II, 8. 2. 2| impaired quality of life, pain, suffering and premature
94 II, 9 | disease, and chronic pelvic pain. There is a significant
95 II, 9. 2. 3| disease and chronic pelvic pain. Adolescents tend to underestimate,
96 II, 9. 2. 4| disease, and chronic pelvic pain. There is a significant
97 II, 9. 3. 1| and~· the experience of pain.~ ~The above listed differences
98 II, 9. 3. 1| widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue disorder for
99 II, 9. 3. 1| still unknown, leads to pain in the soft fibrous tissues
100 II, 9. 3. 2| delivery (such as invasive pain relief and Caesarean section).~ ~
101 II, 9. 5. 3| manifests itself as back pain (30%), stress (28%), muscular
102 II, 9. 5. 3| more from accidents, back pain and hearing loss (EU Agency
103 III, 10. 3. 3| to the muscles, muscular pain and fever become characteristic
104 IV, 11. 4 | Diabetes type-2 or low back pain, to alerts on single technologies
105 IV, 13. 6. 1| those of:~ ~· Discomfort and pain on the child;~· Anxiety,
106 Key, Ap5. 0. 0| paediatricians~pain~palliative~palsy~pancreas~
|
|
| |
