Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 III, 10. 2. 1| 4000 times greater than spending on tobacco control in middle-income
2 III, 10. 2. 1| bans in public places, the spending on tobacco control and advertising
3 III, 10. 2. 1| particular, increase of spending on tobacco control and the
4 III, 10. 2. 1| equivalent to 1.3% of GDP. Actual spending on alcohol-related problems (
5 IV, 11. 1. 3| measurement~ ~Since the 1970s, spending on health care has grown
6 IV, 11. 1. 3| the limited constraints on spending and growing technical sophistication
7 IV, 11. 1. 5| physicians as well as control spending (Walley and Mossialos, 2004).
8 IV, 11. 2 | countries in the level of spending on public health and the
9 IV, 11. 2. 2| processes (Allin et al 2004).~ ~Spending on public health is extremely
10 IV, 11. 2. 2| from 1.6% total health spending in 1995 to 2% in 2005),
11 IV, 11. 2. 2| Netherlands and 3.9% in Finland. Spending on prevention included a
12 IV, 11. 2. 2| mental illness. However, spending on mental health varies
13 IV, 11. 3. 2| objectives and to ensure spending on pharmaceuticals is efficient
14 IV, 11. 3. 2| Table 11.7, the growth in spending on pharmaceuticals as a
15 IV, 11. 3. 2| proportion of total health spending has been significant in
16 IV, 11. 3. 2| is less than 60% of total spending in Belgium, Denmark, Estonia,
17 IV, 11. 3. 2| of total pharmaceutical spending actually declined over the
18 IV, 11. 3. 2| increase in the public share of spending i.e. Austria, Belgium, Estonia,
19 IV, 11. 3. 2| HFA 2007).~ ~Table 11.7. Spending on pharmaceuticals as a
20 IV, 11. 3. 2| as a method for limiting spending on drugs is currently exclusively
21 IV, 11. 6. 1| average, per capita health spending increased by more than 80%
22 IV, 11. 6. 1| capita. In 1970, health spending accounted for just 5% of
23 IV, 11. 6. 1| view that increased welfare spending was sustainable. This resulted
24 IV, 11. 6. 1| not realized and social spending as a percentage of GDP remained
25 IV, 11. 6. 1| other areas of government spending may have been rising at
26 IV, 11. 6. 1| stabilization of healthcare spending growth in many countries
27 IV, 11. 6. 1| especially high levels of spending reached in France, Switzerland,
28 IV, 11. 6. 1| witnessed a resurgence in spending in the last decade (as measured
29 IV, 11. 6. 1| expenditure among the highest spending European countries, such
30 IV, 11. 6. 2| public contribution to health spending (e.g. Belgium), the central
31 IV, 11. 6. 2| investment; the rise in spending from 7.3% to 8.3% GDP in
32 IV, 11. 6. 2| public component of total spending from about 81% to 86%. While
33 IV, 11. 6. 2| be trade-offs with other spending or transfer programs, tax
34 IV, 11. 6. 2| healthcare is subject to public spending negotiations which may or
35 IV, 11. 6. 2| The majority of healthcare spending in the EU derives from public
36 IV, 11. 6. 2| 5% of total expenditure. Spending on PHI as a proportion of
37 IV, 11. 6. 2| Furthermore, as healthcare spending is primarily driven by supply
38 IV, 11. 6. 2| exceeding 40% of total spending in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Greece
39 IV, 11. 6. 2| Data on out-of-pocket spending are likely underestimated
40 IV, 11. 6. 3| the incidence of public spending. In order to achieve the
41 IV, 11. 6. 3| progressive system in which public spending benefits the lower income
42 IV, 11. 6. 3| system, but with less public spending for the poor. However, public
43 IV, 11. 6. 3| the poor. However, public spending on healthcare may be difficult
44 IV, 11. 6. 3| separate from overall public spending which may also redistribute
45 IV, 11. 6. 3| contribution to total non-food spending is identical for all households,
46 IV, 11. 6. 4| evidence suggests that public spending on health and social assistance
47 IV, 11. 6. 5| Formal and informal household spending on health: a multicountry
48 IV, 12. 2 | 4000 times greater than spending on tobacco control in middle-income
49 IV, 12. 4 | demographic change, healthcare spending~ECHO~Humanitarian aid operations.
50 IV, 13.Acr | determinants.~ ~Public health spending is extremely difficult to
51 IV, 13.Acr | from 1.3% total health spending in 1995 to 2% in 2004),
52 IV, 13.Acr | about 0.5% of total health spending in Denmark and 0.6% in Italy,
53 IV, 13. 5 | a large impact on public spending. While age itself is not
54 IV, 13. 5 | causal factor of health care spending (but rather the health condition
55 IV, 13. 5 | pressure for increased public spending unless the above-mentioned
56 IV, 13. 9 | ageing populations on public spending~on pensions, health and
