Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 5 | employment relationships are informal and insecure, hampering
2 I, 2. 5 | relationships have become more informal. More use is made of part-time
3 II, 4. 1 | and relying on formal or informal care for daily survival.~ ~
4 II, 5. 5. 3| services, and investments] and informal care), indirect costs (production
5 II, 5. 5. 3| Direct costs, excluding informal care, amount to 56% of the
6 II, 5. 5. 3| explaining the intense use of informal care (22% of total costs)
7 II, 5. 5. 3| causes a strong need for informal care (family and further
8 II, 5. 5. 3| burden, while costs due to informal care and earnings loss are
9 II, 5. 5. 3| al, 1997). This burden of informal care and earnings loss will
10 II, 5. 6. 3| indirect costs, such as informal care would have greatly
11 II, 8. 2. 3| 1997): Report on the First Informal Consultation on Future Programme
12 II, 9. 4. 5| stress and assisting the informal family caregiver, who is
13 III, 10. 2. 1| otherwise be in paid employment (informal care).~ ~The current existing
14 III, 10. 2. 1| account (e.g. the costs of informal care, the costs linked to
15 III, 10. 5. 3| billion) and 17% due to informal care (€ 29 billion) in 2003 (
16 III, 10. 5. 3| employment relationships are informal and insecure, hampering
17 III, 10. 5. 3| relationships have become more informal. Part-time workers are now
18 III, 10. 5. 3| Workplace Health Promotion is an informal network of national occupational
19 IV, 11. 2. 2| from interest groups and informal processes (Allin et al 2004).~ ~
20 IV, 11. 6. 2| towards rising unemployment, informal economies, and self employment,
21 IV, 11. 6. 2| to the widespread use of informal payments and the reluctance
22 IV, 11. 6. 2| costs of care received) and informal payments (unofficial payments
23 IV, 11. 6. 2| payments and, if recorded, informal payments. Since 1996 out-of-pocket
24 IV, 11. 6. 2| increases in direct and/or informal payments. On the contrary,
25 IV, 11. 6. 2| health expenditure, 2004~ ~Informal payments~ ~In central and
26 IV, 11. 6. 2| socialist era. At the same time, informal charges increased throughout
27 IV, 11. 6. 2| collecting information on informal charges (e.g. Slovakia and
28 IV, 11. 6. 2| Romania). By definition, informal payments are made without
29 IV, 11. 6. 2| interpretation of what constitutes an informal payment differs across regions
30 IV, 11. 6. 2| qualitative studies indicate that informal payments have come to represent
31 IV, 11. 6. 2| in CEE and CIS countries. Informal payments constitute about
32 IV, 11. 6. 2| data of the prevalence of informal payments among service users
33 IV, 11. 6. 2| diversity across countries. Informal payments are mainly associated
34 IV, 11. 6. 2| approximately 25% of patients made informal payments sometimes, while
35 IV, 11. 6. 2| Haulikova, 2003). In Bulgaria, informal payments are more common
36 IV, 11. 6. 2| Balabanova 2002). In Romania, informal payments are prevalent and
37 IV, 11. 6. 2| including both formal and informal payments) increased from
38 IV, 11. 6. 2| is little evidence on how informal payments affect utilization,
39 IV, 11. 6. 2| important implications of informal payments is that they undermine
40 IV, 11. 6. 4| inadequate financing and informal payments have led to the
41 IV, 11. 6. 4| out-of-pocket payments and informal payments). Benefits packages
42 IV, 11. 6. 5| M (2002): "Understanding informal payments for health care:
43 IV, 11. 6. 5| Belli P (2003): Formal and informal household spending on health:
44 IV, 12. 1 | during the two additional informal meetings of Health Ministers.
45 IV, 12. 10 | services would have formal and informal contacts with similar services
46 IV, 12. 10 | research projects, formal and informal networks.~ ~European Union
47 IV, 13.Acr | from interest groups and informal processes.~ ~
48 IV, 13. 4 | coordination of formal care with informal care. The improvement of
49 IV, 13. 4 | and formal recognition of informal carers in social security
50 IV, 13. 4 | high level of quality in informal provision. PROGRESS is the
51 IV, 13. 5 | institutional care. Support for informal carers and exploiting new
52 IV, 13. 8 | at EU level~ ~Along with informal and direct contacts with
