Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1 I, 2. 2 | expected to rise. A recent study estimates that the figure
2 I, 2. 4 | Western Europe. For example, a study looking at differences in
3 I, 2. 5 | life for the employees. The study, entitled “High performance
4 I, 2. 6 | after varying lengths of study, according to different
5 I, 2. 7 | socio-economic and geographic study conducted by researchers
6 I, 2. 10. 4 | Spain, an Adverse Event Study indicated that 9.3% of hospital
7 I, 2. 10. 4 | dispensing system in May 2003. A study in the hospital pharmacy
8 I, 2. 10. 4 | and distributed. An EHMA16 study indicated that 30-50% of
9 II, 4. 1 | Community Household Panel (ECHP) study run between 1995 and 2001.
10 II, 4. 1 | However, the feasibility study for the adoption of the
11 II, 4. 1 | in EU15~ ~In summary, the study suggested a slightly slower
12 II, 5. 1. 1 | major risk factor for COPD.A study by Lundback (2003) showed
13 II, 5. 2. 4 | et al, 2004) case-control study, conducted in patients with
14 II, 5. 2. 5 | also confirmed by a recent study looking at the decline in
15 II, 5. 2. 6 | insights from the Framingham Study. Am Heart J 110: 1100-1107.~
16 II, 5. 2. 6 | men (the Zutphen Elderly Study). J Hypertens 14: 1159-1166.~
17 II, 5. 2. 7 | The Italian Progetto CUORE study [htt rg/doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.
18 II, 5. 2. 7 | countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet
19 II, 5. 2. 7 | INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet 364: 937-952.~ ~ ~
20 II, 5. 3. 2 | Schools of Economics. This study, looking at 19 European
21 II, 5. 3. 3 | taken from the EUROCARE study where historically only
22 II, 5. 3. 6 | the largest cooperative study of population-based cancer
23 II, 5. 3. 6 | participating in the EUROCARE-4 study. 5-year period relative
24 II, 5. 3. 9 | results of the EUROCARE-4 study. Lancet Oncology 8 (9):773-
25 II, 5. 3. 9 | A EUROCARE Working Group Study. JCO 23(16): 3742-3751.~ ~
26 II, 5. 4. 1 | involving costs. The CODE-2 study has measured the health
27 II, 5. 4. 1 | of costs (55%). A Swedish study (Jonsson et al 2000) observed
28 II, 5. 4. 3 | currently being studied (TRIGR study group. 2007). A steady increase
29 II, 5. 4. 7 | program or an epidemiological study, that can all contribute
30 II, 5. 4. 8 | October 2008)~EURODIAB ACE Study Group (2000): Variation
31 II, 5. 4. 8 | Tayside Scotland (DARTS) study: electronic record linkage
32 II, 5. 4. 8 | The EURODIAB Subarea C Study Group Epidemiology.;4(5):
33 II, 5. 4. 8 | 13225-31~TRIG p (2007): Study design of the Trial to Reduce
34 II, 5. 5.Acr | Disease~ESEMeD~European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental
35 II, 5. 5.Int | Global Burden of Disease Study17, judged depression in
36 II, 5. 5.Int(19)| Europe: A collaborative study of population-based cohorts.
37 II, 5. 5. 1 | suicide. Furthermore, one study found over 50 percent of
38 II, 5. 5. 1 | premature loss of life. One study estimated that economic
39 II, 5. 5. 1 | symptoms: E.g. the HBSC study, a large survey of schoolchildren,
40 II, 5. 5. 1 | schoolchildren, and the SHARE study, a collaborative European
41 II, 5. 5. 1 | anxiety disorders~ ~The ESEMeD study is based on a sample of
42 II, 5. 5. 1 | during 12 months, ESEMeD Study.~ ~Anxiety and mood disorders
43 II, 5. 5. 1 | According to a Eurobarometer study, high psychological distress
44 II, 5. 5. 1 | results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental
45 II, 5. 5. 1 | results from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mental
46 II, 5. 5. 1 | key data from the European Study of the Epidemiology of Mentl
47 II, 5. 5. 1 | results from the ESEMED study. Journal of Affective Disorders,
48 II, 5. 5. 1 | the WHO/EURO Multicentre Study on Suicidal Behaviour. Göttingen:
49 II, 5. 5. 2 | EUROSTAT.~ ~The EURODEM study~ ~EURODEM stands for European
50 II, 5. 5. 2 | 90-94 and 95-99).~ ~The study included people who had
51 II, 5. 5. 2 | countries covered in the study were Germany, France, Italy,
52 II, 5. 5. 2 | dementia.~ ~The Ferri et al study~ ~A second, more recent
53 II, 5. 5. 2 | A second, more recent study was carried out by Ferri
54 II, 5. 5. 2 | International (ADI). For this study, 12 international experts
55 II, 5. 5. 2 | approach adopted by each study, there are differences in
56 II, 5. 5. 2 | prevalence rates. In the EURODEM study, for example, a prevalence
57 II, 5. 5. 2 | whereas in the Ferri et al study, this was not the case.
58 II, 5. 5. 2 | case. Also, the EURODEM study calculated separate prevalence
59 II, 5. 5. 2 | dementia: a Delphi consensus study. The Lancet, Vol. 366, December
60 II, 5. 5. 3 | ILSA~Italian Longitudinal Study on Ageing~MSA~Multiple System
61 II, 5. 5. 3 | cross-national research study carried out by the WHO Regional
62 II, 5. 5. 3 | X~There is no national study on bulimia and anorexia
63 II, 5. 5. 3 | exist no extra national study on bulimia and anorexia
64 II, 5. 5. 3 | Europe)~ ~A third European study titled Healthy Lifestyle
65 II, 5. 5. 3 | regard, a prospective cohort study with a 5 year follow-up
66 II, 5. 5. 3 | making and actions, whilst study results should strongly
67 II, 5. 5. 3 | on behalf of the HELENA Study Group (2007): Nutritional
68 II, 5. 5. 3 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from
69 II, 5. 5. 3 | the 1996 Burden of disease study – although not congruent
70 II, 5. 5. 3 | Global burden of disease study (Mathers and Loncar, 2006)
71 II, 5. 5. 3 | A recent epidemiological study in Sweden evaluated that
72 II, 5. 5. 3 | Prediction of Psychosis Study (EPOS) was also initiated.
73 II, 5. 5. 3 | prospective trans-national field study of the prodrome and moderating
74 II, 5. 5. 3 | treatments, because the study population is usually not
75 II, 5. 5. 3 | strict exclusion criteria and study duration limited to some
76 II, 5. 5. 3 | were linked to the European Study on Epidemiology of Mental
77 II, 5. 5. 3 | findings of the European Study on Epidemiology of Mental
78 II, 5. 5. 3 | disorders were treated. A Nordic study on people with schizophrenia
79 II, 5. 5. 3 | schizophrenia (Sato, 2006). A pilot study recently published in Italy (
80 II, 5. 5. 3 | relatives’ view: A pilot study in an Italian rehabilitation
81 II, 5. 5. 3 | population-based controlled study.~J Gen Intern Med 21(11):
82 II, 5. 5. 3 | Sweden: An epidemiological study. Nordic J. of Psychiatry
83 II, 5. 5. 3 | Grobbee DE, for the EUFEST study group (2008): Effectiveness
84 II, 5. 5. 3 | Prediction of Psychosis Study (EPOS): integrating early
85 II, 5. 5. 3 | Sörgaard KW (2001):The Nordic Study on schizophrenic patients
86 II, 5. 5. 3 | Epidemiologic Catchment Area (ECA) Study. JAMA 264 (19):2511-2518.~
87 II, 5. 5. 3 | possible to make comparisons. A study published in 2004 (Blaxill,
88 II, 5. 5. 3 | carried out a prevalence study in 2002. This study included
89 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence study in 2002. This study included approximately 10
90 II, 5. 5. 3 | ADDM) Network. The previous study, developed in 2000, found
91 II, 5. 5. 3 | communities studied. The 2002 study found ASD rates ranging
92 II, 5. 5. 3 | risk factors for ASD. The study of risk factors has contributed
93 II, 5. 5. 3 | half of the variation among study estimates can be explained
94 II, 5. 5. 3 | factors were whether the study was in a rural or urban
95 II, 5. 5. 3 | planning an ASD prevalence study in Europe. This is a relevant
96 II, 5. 5. 3 | information and this sort of study requires thorough planning
97 II, 5. 5. 3 | the EAIS project is the study of the Financial Burden
98 II, 5. 5. 3 | ascertainment or by flaws in the study design.~Based on these findings,
99 II, 5. 5. 3 | case identification and the study design.~ ~Table 5.5.3.4.
100 II, 5. 5. 3 | the local environment, the study design and the extent of
101 II, 5. 5. 3 | have been observed. In one study (Cockerell et al, 1995)
102 II, 5. 5. 3 | Icelandic and the French study can be mostly explained
103 II, 5. 5. 3 | and Baltic countries. In a study made on children in Estonia (
104 II, 5. 5. 3 | 0 per 1,000. In another study of childhood epilepsies
105 II, 5. 5. 3 | of epilepsy reports. In a study made in Wales, U.K., a strong
106 II, 5. 5. 3 | in a Swedish case-control study (Nilsson et al, 2002), after
107 II, 5. 5. 3 | In a population-based study comparing SMR and SUDEP
108 II, 5. 5. 3 | occurred. A population-based study done in the UK on the long-term
109 II, 5. 5. 3 | Anonymous, 2003). An old study made on the Isle of Wight
110 II, 5. 5. 3 | 1970). A more recent UK study showed 53% of children with
111 II, 5. 5. 3 | An international cohort study involving Western and Eastern
112 II, 5. 5. 3 | patients. For this reason, a study of the geographic and temporal
113 II, 5. 5. 3 | results of a European cohort study. Epilepsia 43:1076-1083.~
114 II, 5. 5. 3 | children: a prospective study’ Neurology 56:1445-1452.~
115 II, 5. 5. 3 | in children: a follow-up study three years after the first
116 II, 5. 5. 3 | with epilepsy: the Dutch study of epilepsy in childhood.
117 II, 5. 5. 3 | prospective population-based study. Epilepsia 37:224-229.~Forsgren
118 II, 5. 5. 3 | knowledge, private grief: a study of public attitudes to epilepsy
119 II, 5. 5. 3 | seizure: a population-based study. Epilepsia 41:1469-1473.~
120 II, 5. 5. 3 | epilepsy: an observational study in an unselected population
121 II, 5. 5. 3 | seizure: a population-based study. Epilepsia 40:1388-1392.~
122 II, 5. 5. 3 | Sudden death in epilepsy : a study of incidence in a young
123 II, 5. 5. 3 | mortality in epilepsy: a cohort study of more than 9,000 patients
124 II, 5. 5. 3 | epilepsy: a case control study. Epilepsia 43:644-651.~Nilsson
125 II, 5. 5. 3 | seizures: a population-based study. Epilepsia 39:89-92.~Olafsson
126 II, 5. 5. 3 | classification: a prospective study. Lancet Neurol 4:627-634.~
127 II, 5. 5. 3 | epilepsy: an epidemiological study. Epilepsia 17:361-366.~Pedley
128 II, 5. 5. 3 | 1970): A neuropsychiatric study in childhood. Clin Dev Med
129 II, 5. 5. 3 | community-based prospective incidence study of epileptic seizures in
130 II, 5. 5. 3 | complications: a European cohort study. Epilepsia 45: 667-672.~
131 II, 5. 5. 3 | the Bologna Group for the Study of Status Epilepticus (2003):
132 II, 5. 5. 3 | such as hospital-based study designs and under-reporting,
133 II, 5. 5. 3 | ratio of 2.0. In the same study the total median age at
134 II, 5. 5. 3 | of the assessment and the study specific purposes, only
135 II, 5. 5. 3 | could not be included in the study estimates.~A patient with
136 II, 5. 5. 3 | individual redress.~A new study on MS and employment in
137 II, 5. 5. 3 | countries, with varying study designs that preclude a
138 II, 5. 5. 3 | primary objectives of the new study are to generate data that
139 II, 5. 5. 3 | employment. The outcomes of the study will be published on an
140 II, 5. 5. 3 | population-based 50 year prospective study. Clinical Neurology and
141 II, 5. 5. 3 | prevalence and incidence study. Acta Neurol Scand 109:378-
142 II, 5. 5. 3 | R (2002). A prospective study of the incidence, prevalence
143 II, 5. 5. 3 | a descriptive nationwide study. Neuroepidemiology 11:1-
144 II, 5. 5. 3 | 1998a): An epidemiologic study of multiple sclerosis in
145 II, 5. 5. 3 | Hawkins SA (1998b): Clinical study of primary progressive multiple
146 II, 5. 5. 3 | sclerosis: a population-based study. Mult Scler 7:111-117.~McGuigan
147 II, 5. 5. 3 | sclerosis: an epidemiological study in the province of Groningen,
148 II, 5. 5. 3 | sclerosis: a comparative study of four centres in Europe.
149 II, 5. 5. 3 | from a multinational cost study. Mult Scler 13(8):1054-64.
150 II, 5. 5. 3 | the Italian longitudinal study on ageing (ILSA) (Baldereschi
151 II, 5. 5. 3 | 000 was obtained from a study of parkinsonism in nursing
152 II, 5. 5. 3 | HYV, while in the English study, only 27% of patients were
153 II, 5. 5. 3 | probability of participation in a study because they are more likely
154 II, 5. 5. 3 | al (in which 10.2% of the study population was confined
155 II, 5. 5. 3 | increased SMR. One Australian study, which followed PD patients
156 II, 5. 5. 3 | Cost of illness~A recent study, which was promoted by the
157 II, 5. 5. 3 | of the EBC pan-European study (Andlin-Sobocki et al, 2005)
158 II, 5. 5. 3 | not known. In an American study, Gorell et al (1999) investigated
159 II, 5. 5. 3 | increase considerably. In a study the projected number of
160 II, 5. 5. 3 | population-based, prospective study. J Am Geriatr Soc 48(8):
161 II, 5. 5. 3 | parkinsonism in a longitudinal study: two-fold higher incidence
162 II, 5. 5. 3 | Group. Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurology 55(9):
163 II, 5. 5. 3 | the elderly: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology 45(12):2143-2146.~
164 II, 5. 5. 3 | EUROPARKINSON Collaborative Study. European Community Concerted
165 II, 5. 5. 3 | disease: a case-control study in southeastern Sweden.
166 II, 5. 5. 3 | The sydney multicentre study of Parkinson’s disease:
167 II, 5. 5. 3 | 2005): Sydney Multicenter Study of Parkinson’s disease:
168 II, 5. 5. 3 | a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases. Journal of
169 II, 5. 5. 3 | Results from the German Study on Epidemiology of Parkinson’
170 II, 5. 5. 3 | disease. A community-based study. Brain 123:2297-2305.~Singer
171 II, 5. 5. 3 | Authority, United Kingdom. A study of prevalence and disability.
172 II, 5. 6. 3 | 1989).~ ~A large population study, The Calderdale study (Badley
173 II, 5. 6. 3 | population study, The Calderdale study (Badley and Tennant, 1993),
174 II, 5. 6. 3 | Swedish Cost of Illness Study, musculoskeletal conditions
175 II, 5. 6. 3 | accounted for 4.8%. This study only considered medical
176 II, 5. 6. 3 | al, 2003). For example, a study of women aged 45-65 in the
177 II, 5. 6. 3 | Global Burden of Disease study that approximately 10% of
178 II, 5. 6. 3 | and hip (Woolf, 2007). One study showed obesity to result
179 II, 5. 6. 3 | severity of RA in a population study using 1987 ARA criteria
180 II, 5. 6. 3 | 65 or more. A multicentre study in the United Kingdom found
181 II, 5. 6. 3 | European countries in the EVOS study (O’Neill et al, 2001). Vertebral
182 II, 5. 6. 3 | Prospective Osteoporosis Study (European Prospective Osteoporosis
183 II, 5. 6. 3 | Prospective Osteoporosis Study, 2002). Similar figures
184 II, 5. 6. 3 | of incidence but a large study from the Netherlands reported
185 II, 5. 6. 4 | diagnosis, but a Norwegian study found that 33% of those
186 II, 5. 6. 6 | in a Swedish population study. J Rheumatol 28:1369-1377~
187 II, 5. 6. 6 | women: an observational study. Lancet 353:878-882~Combe
188 II, 5. 6. 6 | 1993): Population-based study of survival after osteoporotic
189 II, 5. 6. 6 | fracture in white women. Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
190 II, 5. 6. 6 | Prospective Osteoporosis Study Group (2002): Incidence
191 II, 5. 6. 6 | prospective osteoporosis study (EPOS). J Bone Miner Res
192 II, 5. 6. 6 | Surgery: a Cross-Sectional Study. Rheumatology(Oxford) 42(
193 II, 5. 6. 6 | Rochester, Minnesota: a study of incidence, prevalence,
194 II, 5. 6. 6 | fracture: a prospective study. J Gerontol 45:M101-M107~
195 II, 5. 6. 6 | Netherlands: cost of illness study. BMJ 317:111-115~Melton
196 II, 5. 6. 6 | fracture: a prospective study over 1 year. Osteoporos
197 II, 5. 6. 6 | criteria: The Chingford Study. Arthritis Rheum 34, S171~ ~
198 II, 5. 6. 6 | illness: the Whitehall II Study. Soc Sci Med 40:189-197~
199 II, 5. 6. 6 | World Health Organization Study Group. WHO Technical Report
200 II, 5. 7. 3 | 2004). In the Swedish study (considering children and
201 II, 5. 7. 3 | Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study in the USA, a study which
202 II, 5. 7. 3 | ARIC) Study in the USA, a study which enrolled individuals
203 II, 5. 7. 3 | was noticed in a second study that examined NHANES data (
204 II, 5. 7. 3 | In a recent comparative study (Hallan et al, 2006a) the
205 II, 5. 7. 7 | adults: the AusDiab kidney study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003;14(
206 II, 5. 7. 7 | of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group. Ann Intern Med 1999
207 II, 5. 7. 7 | the pilot Spanish EPIRCE study. Kidney Int Suppl 2005 Dec;(
208 II, 5. 7. 7 | F (2007): International Study of Health Care Organization
209 II, 5. 7. 7 | Global Burden of Disease study. PLoS Med 1:e27.~Sarnak
210 II, 5. 8. 1 | Global Burden of Disease study, which envisaged that COPD
211 II, 5. 8. 2 | This was confirmed in the study by Viegi et al performed
212 II, 5. 8. 3 | countries and Ireland. In a study by Lindberg et al. (2005),
213 II, 5. 8. 3 | was reported. In another study by the same authors, an
214 II, 5. 8. 3 | in smokers (18.8%).~ ~A study by Johannessen et al (2005)
215 II, 5. 8. 3 | framework of the Seven Countries Study, the 30-year cumulative
216 II, 5. 8. 3 | al, 2006).~ ~In another study performed in Copenhagen,
217 II, 5. 8. 3 | frequently underlined: a study reported rates ranging from
218 II, 5. 8. 3 | Pulmonary Disease (NICECOPD) study, assessed the prevalence
219 II, 5. 8. 3 | Housing and Health Status Study (WHO LARES) reported a prevalence
220 II, 5. 8. 3 | al, 2007).~ ~The IBERPOC study, carried out in 7 geographical
221 II, 5. 8. 3 | Global Burden of Disease Study (Murray and Lopez, 1997)
222 II, 5. 8. 3 | asthma was found in a French study exploring deaths from COPD
223 II, 5. 8. 3 | Furhman et al, 2006). In this study, cardiovascular disease,
224 II, 5. 8. 3 | patients with COPD in a study by Calverley and Scott (
225 II, 5. 8. 3 | to smoking.~ ~In another study, Gudmundsson et al (2007)
226 II, 5. 8. 3 | and Health Status (LARES) study by Boutin-Forzano et al (
227 II, 5. 8. 3 | were reported also in a study of 45 966 COPD patients
228 II, 5. 8. 3 | age-matched control group~ ~ ~In a study by Soriano et al (2005),
229 II, 5. 8. 3 | The Longitudinal Ageing Study Amsterdam by Kriegsman et
230 II, 5. 8. 3 | co-morbidity.~ ~Moreover, a study on the prevalence of nutritional
231 II, 5. 8. 3 | disease severity.~ ~In another study, a small Danish population
232 II, 5. 8. 3 | COPD would be helpful.~ ~A study by Mikkelsen et al (2004)
233 II, 5. 8. 3 | reaching 47% . Moreover, in a study by Wagena et al (2004) smoker
234 II, 5. 8. 3 | Carrasco Garrido, 2006). In a study by Sprenkle et al (2004),
235 II, 5. 8. 3 | diseases.~ ~In the SCOPE study, performed in France, the
236 II, 5. 8. 3 | Jansson et al, 2002).~ ~A study on the burden of COPD and
237 II, 5. 8. 4 | framework of the Seven Countries Study, involving US, Finland,
238 II, 5. 8. 4 | without it.~ ~In another study performed in Copenhagen,
239 II, 5. 8. 4 | European Countries.~ ~A study by Lundback (2003) showed
240 II, 5. 8. 4 | Siafakas et al, 1995). But a study by Soriano et al (2000)
241 II, 5. 8. 4 | was confirmed in the ECRHS study, which proved that the female
242 II, 5. 8. 4 | contradicted in the ECRHS study: COPD is already present
243 II, 5. 8. 4 | Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) study high exposures to dusts
244 II, 5. 8. 5 | 2000).~ ~An interesting study performed in Poland presented
245 II, 5. 8. 5 | In the second part, the study involved a total of 110,
246 II, 5. 8. 7 | Denmark -- a population study of COPD patients compared
247 II, 5. 8. 7 | prevalence of COPD (the BOLD study): a population-base prevalence
248 II, 5. 8. 7 | population-base prevalence study. Lancet; 370: 741-750.~ ~
249 II, 5. 8. 7 | Respiratory Health Survey Study Group. An international
250 II, 5. 8. 7 | SCOPE Group. The SCOPE study: health-care consumption
251 II, 5. 8. 7 | disease: a cross sectional study. Respir Med 2007; 101: 177-
252 II, 5. 8. 7 | the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. J Clin Epidemiol
253 II, 5. 8. 7 | COPD: a 25 year follow up study of the general population.
254 II, 5. 8. 7 | from a population-based study. Arch Bronconeumol 40: 72-
255 II, 5. 8. 7 | Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet 349: 1498–1504.~ ~
256 II, 5. 8. 7 | population sample: the NICECOPD study. Eur J Epidemiol 2005; 20:
257 II, 5. 8. 7 | Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) Study. Chest 2007; 131: 29-36.~ ~
258 II, 5. 8. 7 | cross sectional case finding study. BMJ 2002; 324: 1370-1374.~ ~
259 II, 5. 8. 7 | on behalf of the COSMIC Study Group. Prevalence of nutritional
260 II, 5. 8. 7 | population-based observational study on prevalence and the relationship
261 II, 5. 8. 7 | Antó Jm, and The ECRHS Study Group (2001): Occupation,
262 II, 5. 8. 7 | Adults . An International Study Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care
263 II, 5. 9.Acr | Asthma~ISAAC~International Study of Asthma and Allergies
264 II, 5. 9.Acr | Childhood~ISAYA~Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults~
265 II, 5. 9.Acr | MAS~Multicentric Allergy Study~PASTURE~Protection Against
266 II, 5. 9. FB | development of atopy. A recent study made in Great Britain reported
267 II, 5. 9. FB | contrary, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (
268 II, 5. 9. FB | large randomized prospective study (the German Infant Nutrition
269 II, 5. 9. FB | Infant Nutrition Intervention Study) reported that extensively
270 II, 5. 9. 1 | ECRHS) and the International Study of Asthma and Allergies
271 II, 5. 9. 2 | results of a cross-sectional study by the World Allergy Organization (
272 II, 5. 9. 2 | one is the International Study of Asthma and Allergies
273 II, 5. 9. 3 | those obtained in another study (de Marco et al, 2002),
274 II, 5. 9. 3 | representative, cross-sectional study carried out in Italy from
275 II, 5. 9. 3 | participating to the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (
276 II, 5. 9. 3 | wheeze at any time during the study period was reported. It
277 II, 5. 9. 3 | costs in the future.~ ~A study on burden of COPD and asthma
278 II, 5. 9. 4 | the sex ratio, a Scottish study questionnaire survey was
279 II, 5. 9. 4 | manufacturing. The ECRHS-II study (The European Community
280 II, 5. 9. 4 | per year.~ ~The SCARPOL Study (Swiss Study on Childhood
281 II, 5. 9. 4 | The SCARPOL Study (Swiss Study on Childhood Allergy and
282 II, 5. 9. 4 | another survey, the PARSIFAL study (Alf T et al, 2006). Growing
283 II, 5. 9. 4 | of house dust mites (MAS study, Multicentric Allergy Study).
284 II, 5. 9. 4 | study, Multicentric Allergy Study). For cat epithelium, this
285 II, 5. 9. 4 | Bousquet, 2007) The same study showed a substantial geographical
286 II, 5. 9. 4 | European countries. The Swiss Study on Air Pollution and Lung
287 II, 5. 9. 4 | epithelia (3.8%).~A very recent study investigated the prevalence
288 II, 5. 9. 4 | questionnaire adopted in the Italian Study of Respiratory Disorders
289 II, 5. 9. 4 | common allergens. An Italian study emphasized that Albanian
290 II, 5. 9. 4 | A large cross-sectional study (SIDRIA II study, (Migliore
291 II, 5. 9. 4 | cross-sectional study (SIDRIA II study, (Migliore et al, 2007)
292 II, 5. 9. 4 | hazard of PM. The present study also showed that by clustering
293 II, 5. 9. 4 | systemic allergy. The present study showed that biological effect
294 II, 5. 9. 4 | human cell model in which to study the genotoxicity of complex
295 II, 5. 9. 4 | European epidemiological study, partners are sampling and
296 II, 5. 9. 7 | lifestyle -- the PARSIFAL study. Allergy. 2006 Apr;61(4):
297 II, 5. 9. 7 | III of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies
298 II, 5. 9. 7 | 2002): The AIRE Study: data analysis of 753 European
299 II, 5. 9. 7 | asthma: a retrospective study on the natural history of
300 II, 5. 9. 7 | factors - a population-based study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol.
301 II, 5. 9. 7 | Genetics in Asthma (INGA) Study Group. GSF-National Research
302 II, 5. 9. 7 | European birth cohort study on asthma and atopic diseases :
303 II, 5. 9. 7 | diseases : I.Comparison of study design - a GA2LEN initiative.
304 II, 5. 9. 7 | the results of SIDRIA-2 study. Allergy 2007; 62:293-300~ ~
305 II, 5. 9. 7 | K (2004): A prospective study of asthma incidence and
306 II, 5. 9. 7 | its predictors: the RHINE study. Eur Respir J 2004; 24:
307 II, 5. 9. 7 | Spain), following the ISAAC study. An Pediatr (Barc). 2007
308 II, 5. 9. 7 | increasing? Results of an Italian study. J Allergy Clin Immunol.
309 II, 5. 10. 2 | a multicenter research study funded by the European Commission (
310 II, 5. 11. 3 | dermatological diseases~ ~DISEASE~STUDY POPULATION~PREVALENCE~AUTHORS~
311 II, 5. 11. 3 | population-based, nested case-control study)~Prevalence=40% (any contact
312 II, 5. 11. 3 | simple treatments. In a study of 695 school children in
313 II, 5. 11. 3 | atopic eczema. A recent study has found that the prevalence
314 II, 5. 11. 3 | a national birth cohort study (the National Child Development
315 II, 5. 11. 3 | National Child Development Study or NCDS) pointed to considerable
316 II, 5. 11. 3 | and K Norberg, 2005). In a study published in 2003, nickel
317 II, 5. 11. 3 | 1447-1461.~Boc A. A pilot study on the content and the release
318 II, 5. 11. 3 | Finland – a multicentre study, Contact Dermatitis, 2005;
319 II, 5. 11. 3 | thiosulfate. A comparative study, Contact Dermatitis, 1997;
320 II, 5. 11. 3 | with contact dermatitis: a study using scanning electron
321 II, 5. 11. 3 | are not available, but a study suggested that around 1%
322 II, 5. 11. 3 | recorded separately in that study, while clinically significant
323 II, 5. 11. 3 | of disease. The Lambeth study found a bimodal distribution
324 II, 5. 11. 3 | Rea et al, 1976). This study did not distinguish between
325 II, 5. 11. 3 | contact dermatitis and a study in Sweden found that 9%
326 II, 5. 11. 3 | distribution to the Lambeth study probably corresponding to
327 II, 5. 11. 3 | age group (Rea, 1976).~A study of an unselected population
328 II, 5. 11. 3 | positive responses. In another study from Denmark, after validation
329 II, 5. 11. 3 | Norwegian questionnaire study, the highest reported incidences
330 II, 5. 11. 3 | health perspective. The study of such rare skin diseases
331 II, 5. 11. 7 | population-based case-control study. Acta Derm Venereol 2001;
332 II, 5. 11. 7 | dermatitis in Leicester: a study of methodology and examination
333 II, 5. 11. 7 | in Lambeth: a community study of prevalence and use of
334 II, 5. 11. 7 | Practice. Third National Study (1981-82). London: HMSO,
335 II, 5. 14. 2 | criteria that differ from study to study, but a fall in
336 II, 5. 14. 2 | that differ from study to study, but a fall in the prevalence
337 II, 5. 14. 3 | Rock, 2004a). In the same study the authors found significant
338 II, 5. 15. 3 | morbidity and mortality., A study was performed in 2001 (Drummond
339 II, 5. 15. 3 | a precise ICD code. This study demonstrated that 75% of
340 II, 5. 15. 3 | published an independent study on the price of orphan drugs (
341 II, 5. 15. 3 | of orphan drugs (OD). The study, conducted by Alcimed, looks
342 II, 5. 15. 3 | inequitable and unethical. The study stresses that “the 180 day
343 II, 5. 15. 6 | References~ ~ALCIMED (2004): Study on Orphan Drugs. Published
344 II, 6. 3. 1 | included. Also, a recent study in the Netherlands has estimated
345 II, 6. 3. 1 | other than health). This study showed that for the Netherlands (
346 II, 8. 2. 1 | areas (UK DoH, 2001).~ ~A study of two cohorts of children (
347 II, 8. 2. 1 | had been found in another study carried out in a cohort
348 II, 8. 2. 1 | an epidemiological census study among children under 15
349 II, 8. 2. 1 | Association for the Scientific Study of Intellectual Disabilities.
350 II, 8. 2. 2 | visual loss in the Ponza Eye Study, Italy. Eye 19:175-82~Pascolini
351 II, 8. 2. 3 | been estimated as 0.1% in a study carried out in the Trent
352 II, 8. 2. 3 | Table 8.5. An additional study carried out in 590 randomly
353 II, 9 | medical genetics”, but the study of socioeconomic differences
354 II, 9 | particularly difficult to study, as the drug use may be
355 II, 9 | disability.~ ~The SENECA study demonstrated that a healthy
356 II, 9 | reduced mortality risk. The study showed that even at ages
357 II, 9. 1. 1 | EURO-PERISTAT feasibility study showed that these data are
358 II, 9. 1. 1 | referral hospitals: descriptive study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod
359 II, 9. 1. 1 | outcome: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;
360 II, 9. 1. 1 | years prospective regional study in The Netherlands. Eur
361 II, 9. 1. 1 | region: a retrospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod
362 II, 9. 1. 1 | retrospective population based study. Bmj 1999;319(7217):1093-
363 II, 9. 1. 1 | A Canadian multicentre study. Bjog 2002;109(7):740-5.~ ~
364 II, 9. 1. 1 | Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal
365 II, 9. 1. 1 | Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal
366 II, 9. 1. 1 | Denmark: population based study. Bmj 2006;332(7547):937-
367 II, 9. 1. 1 | European centres: a database study. Lancet 2007;369(9555):43-
368 II, 9. 1. 1 | results from the MOSAIC study. Pediatrics 2007;120(4):
369 II, 9. 1. 1 | extremely preterm birth. EPICure Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000;
370 II, 9. 1. 2 | medical genetics”, but the study of socioeconomic differences
371 II, 9. 1. 2 | particularly difficult to study, as the drug use may be
372 II, 9. 1. 2 | Europe: Population Based Study", British Medical Journal,
373 II, 9. 1. 2 | Arteries - A Population Based Study", Congenital Heart Diseases,
374 II, 9. 1. 2 | European Population Based Study of Epidemiology, Prenatal
375 II, 9. 1. 2 | Ireland: population-based study. BMJ. 2006 July 22; 333(
376 II, 9. 1. 2 | 7560): 177.~MRC Vitamin Study Research Group (1991): Prevention
377 II, 9. 1. 2 | Research Council Vitamin Study. Lancet 338: 131-7.~Schaefer
378 II, 9. 2. 3 | such as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies
379 II, 9. 2. 3 | People’s Health in Context study (HBSC, 2004) bullying occurring
380 II, 9. 2. 3 | European data sets. The HBSC study covers aspects of feelings
381 II, 9. 2. 3 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study, covering the 11-15 years
382 II, 9. 2. 3 | pressures on modern society, the study identifies that a worrying
383 II, 9. 2. 6 | children.~It is a priority to study the pattern of health of
384 II, 9. 2. 7 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from
385 II, 9. 2. 7 | School-aged Children. HBSC study: 2001/2002. Edited by Candace
386 II, 9. 2. 8 | Europe~ISAAC~International Study of Asthma and Allergies
387 II, 9. 3. 1 | there has only been one study made on the status of men’
388 II, 9. 3. 1 | health. To date the only study that has looked at men’s
389 II, 9. 3. 1 | Bank’s “Burden of Diseases Study”.~ ~Determining the prevalence
390 II, 9. 3. 1 | Bank’s Burden of Diseases Study, judged depression in women
391 II, 9. 3. 1 | stress and depression.~ ~In a study on patterns of mortality,
392 II, 9. 3. 1 | Massachusetts Male Ageing Study (MMAS). From this data source
393 II, 9. 3. 1 | International Society for the Study of Ageing Male (ISSAM) and
394 II, 9. 3. 1 | medication use. A Swedish study has found that the highest
395 II, 9. 3. 1 | according to one Norwegian study it can reach an incidence
396 II, 9. 3. 1 | therapy in the Million Women Study. The Lancet; 362; 9382;
397 II, 9. 3. 1 | L, Lee C. and the UrEpik Study Group (2003) The prevalence
398 II, 9. 3. 1 | four centres: the UREPIK study. BJU International 92. 943 –
399 II, 9. 3. 1 | European Association for the Study of Obesity, London.~ ~Jackson,
400 II, 9. 3. 1 | papillomavirus in a population-based study of vulvar cancer. J Natl
401 II, 9. 3. 1 | WC (2006): Longitudinal Study on the Role of Body Size
402 II, 9. 3. 1 | European cancer registries study on cancer patients’ survival
403 II, 9. 3. 2 | EURO-PERISTAT in its feasibility study (Breart et al, 2003). More
404 II, 9. 3. 2 | referral hospitals: descriptive study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod
405 II, 9. 3. 2 | outcome: a population-based study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;
406 II, 9. 3. 2 | years prospective regional study in The Netherlands. Eur
407 II, 9. 3. 2 | region: a retrospective study. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod
408 II, 9. 3. 2 | retrospective population based study. Bmj 1999;319(7217):1093-
409 II, 9. 3. 2 | A Canadian multicentre study. Bjog 2002;109(7):740-5.~ ~
410 II, 9. 3. 2 | Fetal and Infant Health Study Group of the Canadian Perinatal
411 II, 9. 3. 2 | Denmark: population based study. Bmj 2006;332(7547):937-
412 II, 9. 3. 2 | European centres: a database study. Lancet 2007;369(9555):43-
413 II, 9. 3. 2 | results from the MOSAIC study. Pediatrics 2007;120(4):
414 II, 9. 3. 2 | extremely preterm birth. EPICure Study Group. N Engl J Med 2000;
415 II, 9. 3. 3 | supported publication of study on teenage sexual and reproductive
416 II, 9. 3. 3 | Bajos et al, 2003). The study data are based on national
417 II, 9. 3. 3 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study that is a cross-national
418 II, 9. 3. 3 | participating in the HBSC study range from 15% in Poland
419 II, 9. 3. 3 | al, 2007). Also the HBSC study indicates that in several
420 II, 9. 3. 3 | partners than the Finnish sex study made in 1999 (Nikula et
421 II, 9. 3. 3 | Amaro et al, 2004). Another study in Finland reported that
422 II, 9. 3. 3 | According to the Irish Study of Sexual Health and Relationships,
423 II, 9. 3. 3 | School-aged Children(HBSC) study: international report from
424 II, 9. 3. 3 | Conroy R (2006): The Irish Study of Sexual Health and Relationships.
425 II, 9. 3. 3 | behaviours in a large behavioural study. Prev Med 41:247-52.~Weiss,
426 II, 9. 3. 3 | in Czech language). The study was carried out by administering
427 II, 9. 3. 3 | in School-aged Children study~ISSHR~The Irish Study of
428 II, 9. 3. 3 | Children study~ISSHR~The Irish Study of Sexual Health and Relationships~
429 II, 9. 4. 3 | of age. A recent European study showed that the prevalence
430 II, 9. 4. 3 | younger counterparts. A recent study of stroke care for older
431 II, 9. 4. 3 | 70 years of age) (DECODE Study Group, 2003). In 70 to 79
432 II, 9. 4. 3 | International Breast Cancer Study Group trial, carried out
433 II, 9. 4. 3 | six-year, retrospective study of 239 new patients, 60
434 II, 9. 4. 4 | disability.~ ~The SENECA study demonstrated that a healthy
435 II, 9. 4. 4 | reduced mortality risk. The study showed that even at ages
436 II, 9. 4. 5 | countries in the PROCARE study are experiencing common
437 II, 9. 4. 7 | longitudinal results of the SENECA study, J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med
438 II, 9. 4. 7 | 12), p.1277-84.~DECODE study group on behalf of the European
439 II, 9. 5. 3 | per year~Irelanda ( 2002 study )~· 20.4% of women have
440 II, 9. 5. 3 | as adults~Latviab ( 1998 study )~· 5.2% women reported
441 II, 9. 5. 3 | dehydrogenase activity. A recent study has shown that in the UK
442 II, 9. 5. 3 | organised around paid work.~ ~A study conducted in 2001 by the
443 II, 9. 5. 3 | hours spent in gainful work/study and domestic work is generally
444 II, 9. 5. 3 | true for gainful work and study.~ ~In the Member States
445 II, 9. 5. 6 | therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet 362 419–427.~ ~Bonté
446 II, 9. 5. 6 | differences in health: a Canadian study of the psychosocial, structural
447 II, 9. 5. 6 | selection in a 14-year follow-up study - a question of gendered
448 II, 9. 5. 6 | Income Older Women. Income Study Working Paper Series. Luxembourg~ ~
449 II, 9. 5. 6 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study: 2001/2002. (Edited by:
450 II, 9. 5. 7 | Culture: An International Study~HBSC~Health Behaviour in
451 II, 9. 5. 7 | School-aged Children (a WHO study)~OECD~Organization for Economic
452 III, 10. 1. 1 | should be controlled for by study design and analysis: e.g.
453 III, 10. 1. 1 | Inconsistent and conflicting study results reflect the complexity
454 III, 10. 1. 1 | publication bias and low study quality (Gil-González, 2006).
455 III, 10. 1. 3 | behaviors in a large behavioral study Prev Med 41(1):247-52.~Titchenal
456 III, 10. 2. 1 | Swedish snuff (SCE ). A recent study, however, reported an increased
457 III, 10. 2. 1 | the MONICA Augsburg cohort study 1984-1992. Eur Heart J,
458 III, 10. 2. 1 | a retrospective cohort study. Lancet, 2007; 369: 2015-
459 III, 10. 2. 1 | European Comparative Alcohol Study~ELSA~Enforcement of national
460 III, 10. 2. 1 | European Comparative Alcohol Study (ECAS) reports (2001-2)~ ~
461 III, 10. 2. 1 | Comparative Risk Assessment Study, carried out within the
462 III, 10. 2. 1 | behaviour. It is difficult to study the relationship between
463 III, 10. 2. 1 | as the BOB campaign. No study has evaluated whether the
464 III, 10. 2. 1 | The community based Malmö study, undertaken during the 1970s,
465 III, 10. 2. 1 | users12~ ~A multi-country study found that mortality among
466 III, 10. 2. 1 | Finnish Adolescent Lifestyle Study in 2001, 2005 and 2007 were
467 III, 10. 2. 1 | Gingivitis varies widely from one study to another. Such differences
468 III, 10. 2. 1 | the Adolescent~Lifestyle Study in Finland 2007. Unpublished
469 III, 10. 2. 1 | Survey, a cross-sectional study carried out by WHO (2002-
470 III, 10. 2. 1 | intervals. The 2001/2002 study was the sixth and most recent
471 III, 10. 2. 1 | Federation. Data from this study will be used for this chapter (
472 III, 10. 2. 1 | European Youth Heart study (Riddoch CJ et al., 2004):
473 III, 10. 2. 1 | al., 2004): International study measuring CVD risk factors
474 III, 10. 2. 1 | al. 2006): International study monitoring health-related
475 III, 10. 2. 1 | Brettschneider WD, Naul R (2004): Study on young people’s lifestyles
476 III, 10. 2. 1 | Baltic countries: the FINBALT study, HBSC and other surveys
477 III, 10. 2. 1 | well-being: a population study in Finland. Preventive Medicine,
478 III, 10. 2. 1 | Collaborative Cross-national Study. Edinburgh, 2002 (htt l,
479 III, 10. 2. 1 | countries: the Eurobarometer study. Journal of Public Health,
480 III, 10. 2. 1 | School-aged Children (HBSC) study: international report from
481 III, 10. 2. 1 | 2006).~ ~The Pro Children study collected in 2003 parental
482 III, 10. 2. 1 | Yngve, 2005). The HBSC study conducted in 2001–2002 gathered
483 III, 10. 2. 1 | al, 2000). A validation study conducted in Wales among
484 III, 10. 2. 1 | Individual food consumption study~SISP04~2003 - 2004~1751~
485 III, 10. 2. 1 | The National FINDIET 2002 Study~FINDIET~2002~2007~25-65~
486 III, 10. 2. 1 | patterns in Italy: the INN-CA Study 1994-1996. Eur. J. Clin.
487 III, 10. 2. 1 | European prospective cohort study combining epidemiological
488 III, 10. 2. 1 | and validated. The EPIC study offers the opportunity to
489 III, 10. 2. 1 | offers the opportunity to study the diversity of food habits
490 III, 10. 2. 1 | in the EPIC calibration study from 27 study centres in
491 III, 10. 2. 1 | calibration study from 27 study centres in 10 European countries (
492 III, 10. 2. 1 | consumption data from this study were collected with the
493 III, 10. 2. 1 | 2003).~ ~The Pro Children study (Yngve, 2005) showed a greater
494 III, 10. 2. 1 | further corroborated by a study in Austrian elderly showing
495 III, 10. 2. 1 | collected within the EPIC study have been published in a
496 III, 10. 2. 1 | cohorts included in the EPIC study.~ ~Although the nutritional
497 III, 10. 2. 1 | population-based cross-sectional study. Archives of Disease in
498 III, 10. 2. 1 | school-aged children (HBSC): study: international report from
499 III, 10. 2. 1 | Bueno M, for the AVENA study group (2005): Overweight,
500 III, 10. 2. 1 | Spanish adolescents: the AVENA study. Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism
