Part, Chapter, Paragraph
1001 II, 7. 4 | of interventions in the European context and given the great
1002 II, 7. 4. 1 | amongst older children.~ ~The “European Child Safety Alliance” (ww g)
1003 II, 7. 4. 1 | providing materials for European campaigns as against drowning
1004 II, 7. 4. 1 | people and has prepared a European situation analysis regarding
1005 II, 7. 4. 2 | number of elderly in the European Union population will increase
1006 II, 7. 4. 3 | are the gateways of the European Road Safety Observatory (
1007 II, 7. 4. 3 | across Europe) hosted by the European Transport Safety Council (
1008 II, 7. 4. 4 | Eurobarometer survey, about 6 out 10 European citizens participate in
1009 II, 7. 4. 4 | States as well as within the European Commission strategy for
1010 II, 7. 4. 4 | sports in collaboration with European sports federations”.~ ~
1011 II, 7. 4. 5 | Product Safety Directive (European Parliament and the Council,
1012 II, 7. 4. 5 | injuries Community-wide (European Commission, 2006).~ ~Valuable
1013 II, 7. 4. 5 | at the web portals of the European Consumers Association (BEUC, www ),
1014 II, 7. 4. 5 | Association (BEUC, www ), the European Association of Consumer
1015 II, 7. 4. 6 | In October 2005, the European Commission published a Green
1016 II, 7. 4. 6 | plans foreseen in this area (European Commission, 2006).~ ~In
1017 II, 7. 4. 7 | economic conditions in society (European Commission, 2006).~ ~No
1018 II, 7. 4. 7 | survey or module by the European Statistical System.~ ~There
1019 II, 7. 5 | public health response, the European Commission has developed
1020 II, 7. 5 | from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council
1021 II, 7. 5 | experts from Member States (European Commission, 2006). The Communication
1022 II, 7. 5 | Communication, the Council of the European Union has issued its “Council
1023 II, 7. 5 | 31, 2007 (Council of the European Union, 2007).~ ~According
1024 II, 7. 5 | household surveys such as the European Core Health Interview System);~·
1025 II, 7. 5 | developments by hosting the European Injury Data Base IDB, by
1026 II, 7. 5 | reports “Injuries in the European Union” (KfV, 2007).~ ~Also
1027 II, 7. 5 | stakeholders serves the European Association for Injury Prevention
1028 II, 7. 5 | and organizes bi-annual European Conferences (EuroSafe, 2008)~ ~
1029 II, 7. 5 | policies and programmes. The European Association for Injury Prevention
1030 II, 7. 7 | Verkehrssicherheit.~ ~CARE - European Road Accident Database (
1031 II, 7. 7 | 2008].~ ~Council of the European Union (2007): Council Recommendation
1032 II, 7. 7 | Official Journal of the European Union 2007/C164/1 of July
1033 II, 7. 7 | CELEX-Nr. 32007H0718).~ ~European Commission (2006): Communication
1034 II, 7. 7 | from the Commission to the European Parliament and the Council
1035 II, 7. 7 | CELEX-Nr. 52006DC0328).~ ~European Network for Safety among
1036 II, 7. 7 | School, Athens University.~ ~European Network for Safety among
1037 II, 7. 7 | School, Athens University.~ ~European Injury Database (2005):
1038 II, 7. 7 | accessed 10 March 2008].~ ~European Parliament and the Council (
1039 II, 7. 7 | Directive 2001/95/EC of the European Parliament and the Council
1040 II, 7. 7 | 2008): Injuries in the European Union (EU). Fact sheet.
1041 II, 7. 7 | young people in Europe – The European Situation Analysis. AdRisk
1042 II, 7. 7 | 2007): Injuries in the European Union - Statistics Summary
1043 II, 7. 7 | safety promotion. Amsterdam, European Child Safety Alliance, EuroSafe.~ ~
1044 II, 7. 7 | unintentional injuries: WHO European survey. Copenhagen, WHO
1045 II, 7. 7 | 2005c): Briefing for the WHO European Ministerial Conference on
1046 II, 7. 7 | prevention of injuries in the WHO European Region. EUR/RC55/R9 of September
1047 II, 8.Acr | Disability Interview Surveys~EHIS~European Health Interview Survey~
1048 II, 8.Acr | Health Interview Survey~EHSS~European Health Survey System~EUHSID~
1049 II, 8.Acr | Health Survey System~EUHSID~European Union Health Surveys Information
1050 II, 8. 1. 2 | This includes the Minimum European Health Module (MEHM), made
1051 II, 8. 1. 2 | EUROSTAT’s activities in the European Statistical System (ESS)1
1052 II, 8. 1. 2(1) | European Statistical System, see: htt AL~
1053 II, 8. 1. 4 | additional component of a European Health Interview Survey (
1054 II, 8. 1. 4 | held in 2007 in Dublin at a European meeting on Disability statistics.
1055 II, 8. 1. 4 | the context of the EHSS (European Health Survey System).~
1056 II, 8. 1. 5 | is the objective of the European Union's long-term strategy
1057 II, 8. 1. 5 | people with disabilities.~The European Commission along with 22
1058 II, 8. 1. 5 | living with disabilities.~The European Commission adopted on 30th
1059 II, 8. 1. 5 | policy follow up to the European Year of People with Disabilities
1060 II, 8. 1. 5 | People with Disabilities: A European Action Plan"5 provides a
1061 II, 8. 1. 5 | infrastructures, and consolidating the European Commission's analytical
1062 II, 8. 2. 1 | disability are not common in most European countries, as the authors
1063 II, 8. 2. 1 | Scheepers et al., 2005). The European Union Health Surveys Information
1064 II, 8. 2. 1 | element of the developing European Health Survey System by
1065 II, 8. 2. 1 | conducted throughout the European Union. In May 2007, an examination
1066 II, 8. 2. 1 | surveys, conducted in 17 European countries (all of which
1067 II, 8. 2. 1 | current practices in 14 European countries and made recommendations
1068 II, 8. 2. 1 | Member States and other European countries have strategies
1069 II, 8. 2. 1 | Scheepers, Kerr et al 2005). At European Community level, all health
1070 II, 8. 2. 1 | Health Indicators for the European Community. European Journal
1071 II, 8. 2. 1 | the European Community. European Journal of Public Health
1072 II, 8. 2. 1 | intellectual disabilities: A European perspective. Eur J Public
1073 II, 8. 2. 1 | Interview Surveys (DIS)~EHSS~European Health Survey System)~HIS~
1074 II, 8. 2. 1 | Examination Survey~EUHSID~European Union Health Surveys Information
1075 II, 8. 2. 2 | Epidemiology 12:243-250.~European Union Statistics on Income
1076 II, 8. 2. 3 | Epidemiology. 1989;18:911-91~ ~European Union Statistics on Income
1077 II, 8. 2. 3 | Database available at: htt ~ ~European Union Statistics on Income
1078 II, 8. 2. 3 | disability~MEHM:~Minimum European Health Module~ESS:~European
1079 II, 8. 2. 3 | European Health Module~ESS:~European Statistical System~EDSIM:~
1080 II, 8. 2. 3 | Social Integration~EHSS:~European Health Survey System~ ~ ~
1081 II, 9 | there is still much to do in European countries to ensure that
1082 II, 9 | increasing. Some of the richest European countries still have major
1083 II, 9 | of more educated mothers (European Commission, 2003). Poor
1084 II, 9 | initiation for both sexes (European Commission, 2003). In conducting
1085 II, 9 | highest in some southern European countries, and lowest in
1086 II, 9 | five or more days a week (European Commission, 2005b). Across
1087 II, 9 | Charter establishing the European Alcohol and Health Forum
1088 II, 9 | cardiovascular deaths in Eastern European countries are a consequence
1089 II, 9 | ischaemic heart disease in the European Region before age 65, per
1090 II, 9 | consumption among older people (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1091 II, 9 | green vegetables and fruits (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1092 II, 9 | preferably all, days of the week (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1093 II, 9. 1 | babies are born yearly in the European Union. Of these, an estimated
1094 II, 9. 1. 1 | and statisticians from all European member states and Norway (
1095 II, 9. 1. 1 | as EUROSTAT, WHO, OECD or European networks of condition-specific
1096 II, 9. 1. 1 | registers such as SCPE (European Cerebral Palsy Network)
1097 II, 9. 1. 1 | Palsy Network) and ESHRE (European Society for Human Reproduction
1098 II, 9. 1. 1 | year of accession to the European Union. Among EU15 Member
1099 II, 9. 1. 1 | data are available in most European countries.~ ~Cerebral palsy~ ~
1100 II, 9. 1. 1 | acquired during 1990-1998 in 10 European countries, is 2.0 per 1
1101 II, 9. 1. 1 | now around 1% in different European countries. It is well known
1102 II, 9. 1. 1 | covered area of 9 different European countries is, on average,
1103 II, 9. 1. 1 | rates among VLBW babies in 9 European countries, birth cohorts
1104 II, 9. 1. 1 | to improve national and European health information systems
1105 II, 9. 1. 1 | in term-delivery in nine European referral hospitals: descriptive
1106 II, 9. 1. 1 | and multiple pregnancy in European countries participating
1107 II, 9. 1. 1 | prematurely (<32 weeks) in 16 European centres: a database study.
1108 II, 9. 1. 2 | Data sources~ ~EUROCAT (European Surveillance of Congenital
1109 II, 9. 1. 2 | 1.2.2.1. Coverage of the European Population by EUROCAT Full
1110 II, 9. 1. 2 | networked nationally and at a European level by EUROCAT. The proportion
1111 II, 9. 1. 2 | complete coverage of the European population may be an ideal,
1112 II, 9. 1. 2 | Collaboration of registers within a European network has greatly improved
1113 II, 9. 1. 2 | than in many continental European areas. The most apparent
1114 II, 9. 1. 2 | experienced by Southern European countries, particularly
1115 II, 9. 1. 2 | EUROCAT, 2002b). Some Northern European countries have higher rates,
1116 II, 9. 1. 2 | there is still much to do in European countries to ensure that
1117 II, 9. 1. 2 | congenital anomaly risk at European level, but the evidence
1118 II, 9. 1. 2 | van den Berg, 2007). Some European countries are considering
1119 II, 9. 1. 2 | Screening policies vary between European countries (EUROCAT, 2005),
1120 II, 9. 1. 2 | currently comes from the European Commission’s Directorate
1121 II, 9. 1. 2 | Programme, as a component of the European information system for rare diseases.
1122 II, 9. 1. 2 | rare diseases. The added value of European collaboration is particularly
1123 II, 9. 1. 2 | give a common response to European public health questions
1124 II, 9. 1. 2 | plans for a sustainable European information system – decisions
1125 II, 9. 1. 2 | congenital anomaly registers by European Union countries. This equates
1126 II, 9. 1. 2 | 1 euro per birth in the European Union.~ ~The majority of
1127 II, 9. 1. 2 | national interpretations of the European directive regarding patient
1128 II, 9. 1. 2 | central to the creation of European public health information.~ ~
1129 II, 9. 1. 2 | aimed at migrants between European countries, or immigrants
1130 II, 9. 1. 2 | pharmacovigilance network by the European Medicines Agency is an important
1131 II, 9. 1. 2 | examination. The challenge for European countries is also to reduce
1132 II, 9. 1. 2 | of Orofacial Clefts in 30 European Regions", EUROCAT Central
1133 II, 9. 1. 2 | Diaphragmatic Hernia - A European Population Based Study of
1134 II, 9. 2. 1 | Europe are being taken by the European Child Safety Alliance (www ),
1135 II, 9. 2. 1 | currently promoting the European Strategy for Child and Adolescent
1136 II, 9. 2. 1 | context within which the European Commission can promote its
1137 II, 9. 2. 1 | and is endorsed by all European Health Ministers.~ ~Both
1138 II, 9. 2. 2 | Sources~ ~In the year 2000 the European commission funded the public
1139 II, 9. 2. 2 | yet been built into any European routine statistical system,
1140 II, 9. 2. 2 | The most recent major European report on child public health
1141 II, 9. 2. 2 | public health was the WHO European Health Report 2005, subtitled “
1142 II, 9. 2. 2 | of child health for the European Commission and the World
1143 II, 9. 2. 2 | statistical organisation of the European Community has the advantage
1144 II, 9. 2. 2 | age-group (see: htt ~ ~WHO (European Regional Office): The specialist
1145 II, 9. 2. 2 | the United Nations, with a European Regional Office that covers
1146 II, 9. 2. 2 | important. (see:~www ~ ~European Commission: The Commission
1147 II, 9. 2. 2 | undertakes some important European research which leads to
1148 II, 9. 2. 2 | education. More recently the European Commission has collaborated
1149 II, 9. 2. 2 | projects, so that data from European countries not in the OECD
1150 II, 9. 2. 2 | children. (Web link – ww ~ ~European School Survey Project on
1151 II, 9. 2. 2 | countries. Although most European countries run regular health
1152 II, 9. 2. 2 | data or analyses.~ ~The European Community is of course steadily
1153 II, 9. 2. 2 | the Child, to which all European countries are signatories,
1154 II, 9. 2. 2 | diseases of adulthood.~ ~The European Commission has sponsored
1155 II, 9. 2. 2 | of child-orientation in European public health and statistical
1156 II, 9. 2. 3 | deaths have decreased in most European countries in recent years (
1157 II, 9. 2. 3 | Europe. However, for the WHO European Health Report (WHO 2005b),
1158 II, 9. 2. 3 | WHO, 2008), and within the European Commission the DAPHNE programme
1159 II, 9. 2. 3 | unaddressed. Therefore, European society is not only unaware
1160 II, 9. 2. 3 | Member States except Finland (European Commission, 2003), although
1161 II, 9. 2. 3 | childhood disorder in the European Region. The extent of dissatisfaction
1162 II, 9. 2. 3 | rising each year by 400 000 (European Commission, 2006d). Recent
1163 II, 9. 2. 3 | topic (WHO 2007b). Thus, all European states, including the European
1164 II, 9. 2. 3 | European states, including the European Union, have signed up to
1165 II, 9. 2. 3 | individual measure under most European countries the situation
1166 II, 9. 2. 3 | and societal significance (European Commission, 2005a). It is
1167 II, 9. 2. 3 | physical health, is a right for European children. A short summary
1168 II, 9. 2. 3 | well the mental health of European children. This again is
1169 II, 9. 2. 3 | at all – in national or European data sets. The HBSC study
1170 II, 9. 2. 3 | number of times per year European children are being denied
1171 II, 9. 2. 3 | right at a time of need. The European Commission has now published
1172 II, 9. 2. 3 | clearly a long way to go (European Commission, 2006c).~ ~Feelings
1173 II, 9. 2. 4 | increasing. Some of the richest European countries still have major
1174 II, 9. 2. 4 | of more educated mothers (European Commission, 2003). Poor
1175 II, 9. 2. 4 | initiation for both sexes (European Commission, 2003). In conducting
1176 II, 9. 2. 4 | highest in some southern European countries, and lowest in
1177 II, 9. 2. 4 | five or more days a week (European Commission, 2005b). Across
1178 II, 9. 2. 5 | In a context in which the European Commission is able to provide
1179 II, 9. 2. 5 | for use by children. The European Commission acknowledges
1180 II, 9. 2. 5 | anaesthetics and malaria. The European Commission has recently
1181 II, 9. 2. 5 | adopted the Regulation of the European Parliament and the Council
1182 II, 9. 2. 5 | children and young people, the European Commission issued a Communication “Tow ” (
1183 II, 9. 2. 5 | a Communication “Tow ” (European Commission, 2006a). The
1184 II, 9. 2. 5 | enforce their rights~ ~The European Union has already taken
1185 II, 9. 2. 5 | status of young people (European Commission, 2000), but only
1186 II, 9. 2. 5 | Public Health 2003-2008 (European Parliament and Council,
1187 II, 9. 2. 5 | transmission of HIV/AIDS.~ ~The European Commission's Communication
1188 II, 9. 2. 5 | the Rights of the Child (European Commission, 2006a) represents
1189 II, 9. 2. 5 | problem of obesity, the European Commission launched the
1190 II, 9. 2. 5 | initiate Europe-wide action (European Commission, 2006b). A White
1191 II, 9. 2. 5 | will address these issues (European Commission, 2007) An assessment
1192 II, 9. 2. 5 | policy framework for the WHO European Region, addresses the social
1193 II, 9. 2. 5 | young people in the WHO European Region. Its main aim is
1194 II, 9. 2. 5 | assist Member States in the European Region to design and carry
1195 II, 9. 2. 5 | current initiative is the European Strategy for Child and Adolescent
1196 II, 9. 2. 5 | most affect the health of European children (WHO, 2004). It
1197 II, 9. 2. 5 | Member States and adopted by European Ministers at the Fourth
1198 II, 9. 2. 5 | Action plan 2007-2010” (European Commission, 2004)~ ~
1199 II, 9. 2. 6 | health. Hence, the recent European Commission thrust towards
1200 II, 9. 2. 6 | al, 2006; Council of the European Union, 2006), and through
1201 II, 9. 2. 6 | on 18 December 2007~ ~The European Parliament and Council have
1202 II, 9. 2. 6 | Field of Health 2008-2013 (European Parliament and Council,
1203 II, 9. 2. 6 | priorities / key areas for a European action plan:~ ~A number
1204 II, 9. 2. 6 | harmonising with other European priorities but measured
1205 II, 9. 2. 6 | needs to move higher up the European and political agenda, if
1206 II, 9. 2. 7 | Protection Directorate-General, European Commission, Luxembourg (
1207 II, 9. 2. 7 | 2004):~ ~Council of the European Union (2006): Council Conclusions
1208 II, 9. 2. 7 | Health Status. Eurostat/European Commission, Brussels~ ~European
1209 II, 9. 2. 7 | European Commission, Brussels~ ~European Agency for Safety and Health
1210 II, 9. 2. 7 | accessed 02.07.07)~ ~European Association for Children
1211 II, 9. 2. 7 | Charter. Available at:~www ~ ~European Children’s Network-UN Meeting
1212 II, 9. 2. 7 | HIV/AIDS. Available at:~htt ~ ~European Child Safety Alliance (2008):
1213 II, 9. 2. 7 | l3childsafetyactionplanning.htm?OpenDocument~ ~European Commission (2000): Report
1214 II, 9. 2. 7 | people’s health in the EU. European Commission Services Working
1215 II, 9. 2. 7 | protection, February 2000~ ~European Commission (2003): The Health
1216 II, 9. 2. 7 | The Health Status of the European Union — Narrowing the health
1217 II, 9. 2. 7 | Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg~ ~
1218 II, 9. 2. 7 | Communities, Luxembourg~ ~European Commission (2004): Communication
1219 II, 9. 2. 7 | from the Commission “The European Environment & Health Action
1220 II, 9. 2. 7 | final. Available at:~htt ~ ~European Commission (2005a): Improving
1221 II, 9. 2. 7 | on mental health for the European Union. Brussels~ ~European
1222 II, 9. 2. 7 | European Union. Brussels~ ~European Commission (2005b): Green
1223 II, 9. 2. 7 | and physical activity: a European dimension for the prevention
1224 II, 9. 2. 7 | chronic diseases. Brussels~ ~European Commission (2006a): Communication
1225 II, 9. 2. 7 | final. Available at:~htt ~ ~European Commission (2006b): EU Platform
1226 II, 9. 2. 7 | pdf (accessed 26.11.06)~ ~European Commission (2006c): Green
1227 II, 9. 2. 7 | on mental health for the European Union, Luxembourg.~ ~European
1228 II, 9. 2. 7 | European Union, Luxembourg.~ ~European Commission (2006d): Health
1229 II, 9. 2. 7 | p 13. 9 November, 2006~ ~European Commission (2007): White
1230 II, 9. 2. 7 | final. Available at:~htt ~ ~European Parliament and Council (
1231 II, 9. 2. 7 | L 271, 9 October 2002.~ ~European Parliament and Council (
1232 II, 9. 2. 7 | Statistics - Key data on health. European Commission, Luxembourg~ ~
1233 II, 9. 2. 7 | policy framework for the WHO European Region. Available at: htt ~ ~
1234 II, 9. 2. 7 | at: htt ~ ~WHO (2005a): European Strategy for Child and Adolescent
1235 II, 9. 2. 7 | Health and Development; WHO European Regional Office, Copenhagen.
1236 II, 9. 2. 7 | WHO (2005b): The European Health Report: Public health
1237 II, 9. 2. 7 | 03.07.07)~ ~WHO (2007b): European Ministerial Conference on
1238 II, 9. 3. 1 | from work produced by the European Union, the World Health
1239 II, 9. 3. 1 | at women and health on a European scale and there has been
1240 II, 9. 3. 1 | was commissioned by the European Men’s Health Forum (White &
1241 II, 9. 3. 1 | comparability of data, as European boundaries change, and differing
1242 II, 9. 3. 1 | the workplace across the European Union, with another 4.5
1243 II, 9. 3. 1 | million working days lost) (European Commission, 2003). These
1244 II, 9. 3. 1 | extremities of the body. (European Agency for Health and Safety
1245 II, 9. 3. 1 | neurological disorders.~ ~The European Commission (European Commission
1246 II, 9. 3. 1 | The European Commission (European Commission 2004a) found
1247 II, 9. 3. 1 | twice as susceptible as men (European Commission, 2004b). The
1248 II, 9. 3. 1 | of people in some Eastern European countries, but also in Belgium
1249 II, 9. 3. 1 | has been reported in the European Mental Health Report (2004)
1250 II, 9. 3. 1 | some 3.7 million people (European Commission 2003). The disease
1251 II, 9. 3. 1 | inhabitants. In a 2003 report, the European Commission suggested that
1252 II, 9. 3. 1 | extreme caution. Across the European Union, some 58 000 citizens
1253 II, 9. 3. 1 | cardiovascular disease (European Men’s Health Forum, 2005).
1254 II, 9. 3. 1 | to increased morbidity (European Heart Network, 2005). Research
1255 II, 9. 3. 1 | hypertension in diabetic women (European Heart Network, 2006). Hormonal
1256 II, 9. 3. 1 | survival in older patients (European Heart Network, 2005). The
1257 II, 9. 3. 1 | appears to be around 20% (European Commission, 2003). Hypertension
1258 II, 9. 3. 1 | death before the age of 65 (European Commission, 2003). For both
1259 II, 9. 3. 1 | mortality respectively (European Commission, 2003).~ ~Peripheral
1260 II, 9. 3. 1 | to increase by 21% in the European Region in the next 20 years
1261 II, 9. 3. 1 | and by 16% across the European Union according to the IDF
1262 II, 9. 3. 1 | rates in France and Greece (European Commission, 2003). The Netherlands
1263 II, 9. 3. 1 | deaths a year in the WHO European Region; it is estimated
1264 II, 9. 3. 1 | goes. Though the 2002 WHO European report (WHO, 2002) also
1265 II, 9. 3. 1 | liver transplants in Europe (European Commission, 2003). The two
1266 II, 9. 3. 1 | HIV (rather than AIDS) (European Commission, 2003), but 24,
1267 II, 9. 3. 1 | handicap or severe disability (European Commission, 2003).~ ~Menopause~ ~
1268 II, 9. 3. 1 | white women of Northern European ancestry; relatively little
1269 II, 9. 3. 1 | Scandinavia than in other European regions. Two group of postmenopausal
1270 II, 9. 3. 1 | Scandinavia than in other European regions. Moreover, osteoporosis
1271 II, 9. 3. 1 | the United States and most European countries is from 30 to
1272 II, 9. 3. 1 | increasing, especially in European countries. This decline
1273 II, 9. 3. 1 | Ageing Male (ISSAM) and the European Association of Urology (
1274 II, 9. 3. 1 | More than 100 million European citizens have arthritis/
1275 II, 9. 3. 1 | burden of the disease in European countries because of the
1276 II, 9. 3. 1 | prevalence in the wider European region is estimated to be
1277 II, 9. 3. 1 | Charter establishing the European Alcohol and Health Forum
1278 II, 9. 3. 1 | cardiovascular deaths in Eastern European countries are a consequence
1279 II, 9. 3. 1 | ischaemic heart disease in the European Region before age 65, per
1280 II, 9. 3. 1 | collection methods to a European standard are too daunting
1281 II, 9. 3. 1 | services to a measurable common European standard.~ ~Likewise, attention
1282 II, 9. 3. 1 | services will be obtained at European level.~ ~As life expectancy
1283 II, 9. 3. 1 | 103–115~ ~Association of European Cancer Leagues (2005): Cancer
1284 II, 9. 3. 1 | Health Status. Eurostat/European Commission~ ~Doyal LA (1998):
1285 II, 9. 3. 1 | September to 2 October 1998~ ~European Commission (2004a): The
1286 II, 9. 3. 1 | of Mental Health in the European Union. Health & Consumer
1287 II, 9. 3. 1 | Protection Directorate General, European Commission.~ ~EuroHIV (2006) :
1288 II, 9. 3. 1 | sanitaire, No. 72. p 6~ ~European Agency for Health and Safety
1289 II, 9. 3. 1 | online, accessed 08.07)~ ~European Commission (2003): The Health
1290 II, 9. 3. 1 | The Health Status of the European Union – Narrowing the Health
1291 II, 9. 3. 1 | Health Gap. Luxembourg~ ~European Commission (2004b): Expert
1292 II, 9. 3. 1 | depression’. Luxembourg~ ~European Commission (2006): Report
1293 II, 9. 3. 1 | Women and Men. Brussels~ ~European Community/Europe Against
1294 II, 9. 3. 1 | Europe Against Cancer (2003): European Code Against Cancer, Version
1295 II, 9. 3. 1 | online, accessed 01.07)~ ~European Heart Network/European Health
1296 II, 9. 3. 1 | European Heart Network/European Health Management Association/
1297 II, 9. 3. 1 | 2005); A healthy heart for European women. www g (Article online,
1298 II, 9. 3. 1 | online, accessed 02.07)~ ~European Prostate Cancer Coalition: htt 1 (
1299 II, 9. 3. 1 | Official Publications of the European Communities.~ ~Falzon D
1300 II, 9. 3. 1 | transmitted infections in the European Union. Sex. Transm. Inf.
1301 II, 9. 3. 1 | Europe – a systematic review. European Journal of Neurology, Volume
1302 II, 9. 3. 1 | Europe: the case for action. European Association for the Study
1303 II, 9. 3. 1 | asthma and climate in the European Community Respiratory Health
1304 II, 9. 3. 1 | of men’s health across 17 European Countries. Brussels, The
1305 II, 9. 3. 1 | Countries. Brussels, The European Men’s Health Forum ISBN
1306 II, 9. 3. 1 | April 2006)~ ~WHO (2006): European Charter on counteracting
1307 II, 9. 3. 1 | accessed 07.07)~ ~WHO (2006): European Ministerial Conference on
1308 II, 9. 3. 1 | Regional Office for Europe & European Commission (2002): Health
1309 II, 9. 3. 1 | candidates for accession to the European Union. European Communities &
1310 II, 9. 3. 1 | accession to the European Union. European Communities & WHO July 2002~ ~
1311 II, 9. 3. 1 | Erectile Dysfunction~EU~European Union~EUROCARE~European
1312 II, 9. 3. 1 | European Union~EUROCARE~European cancer registries study
1313 II, 9. 3. 1 | Maternal mortality rate~MOMS~European Concerted Action on Mothers'
1314 II, 9. 3. 2 | constitutes a maternal death in European statistics is early obstetrical
1315 II, 9. 3. 2 | methods are used. In some European countries, for example,
1316 II, 9. 3. 2 | www.cemach.org.uk). Other European countries have now adopted
1317 II, 9. 3. 2 | maternal mortality ratio in the European Union has declined from
1318 II, 9. 3. 2 | health monitoring in the European Union. Describing how clinicians
1319 II, 9. 3. 2 | the perinatal period at European level. Descriptions of healthcare
1320 II, 9. 3. 2 | by mothers themselves.~ ~European countries can learn by sharing
1321 II, 9. 3. 2 | illustrating the different European approaches.~ ~Caesarean
1322 II, 9. 3. 2 | large variation between European countries in the use of
1323 II, 9. 3. 2 | wide differences in the European approaches towards perinatal
1324 II, 9. 3. 2 | singleton deliveries in European MS for 1990 to 2005~ ~ ~ ~ ~
1325 II, 9. 3. 2 | in term-delivery in nine European referral hospitals: descriptive
1326 II, 9. 3. 2 | and multiple pregnancy in European countries participating
1327 II, 9. 3. 2 | prematurely (<32 weeks) in 16 European centres: a database study.
1328 II, 9. 3. 2 | health indicators in the European Union: The REPROSTAT project.
1329 II, 9. 3. 3 | to the younger in several European countries, but more among
1330 II, 9. 3. 3 | present chapter are:~ ~· The European Concerted Action on sexual
1331 II, 9. 3. 3 | surveys carried out in 11 European countries between 1989 and
1332 II, 9. 3. 3 | and fertility conducted in European countries, statistics and
1333 II, 9. 3. 3 | and results of the related European studies published in scientific
1334 II, 9. 3. 3 | testing was not undertaken in European countries. Denmark, Ireland,
1335 II, 9. 3. 3 | questions.~· According to the European Health Interview and Health
1336 II, 9. 3. 3 | questions on sexual behaviour (European health interview and health
1337 II, 9. 3. 3 | recommended indicators (htt European Countries have also the
1338 II, 9. 3. 3 | it with data from other European countries (Hessling, 2006).~ ~
1339 II, 9. 3. 3 | to the younger in several European countries, but much less
1340 II, 9. 3. 3 | two years in all Western European countries where surveys
1341 II, 9. 3. 3 | indicates that in several North European Countries and regions more
1342 II, 9. 3. 3 | behaviour of gay men in eight European countries (Austria, Denmark,
1343 II, 9. 3. 3 | On 3 July 2002, The European Parliament supported the
1344 II, 9. 3. 3 | and satisfying sex lives (European Parliament, 2003).~ ~Individual-based
1345 II, 9. 3. 3 | policies in the western European countries are based on the
1346 II, 9. 3. 3 | many countries within the European Union. However, sex is a
1347 II, 9. 3. 3 | and bisexual men in eight European countries. AIDS Care 6(5) :
1348 II, 9. 3. 3 | Public Health 87:558-66.~European Parliament (2003): Resolution
1349 II, 9. 3. 3 | teenage pregnancy in the European Union countries: a systematic
1350 II, 9. 3. 3 | The SAFE project, IPPF European Network. Available at: htt df~
1351 II, 9. 4. 1 | people highlighted by the European Commission; accessibility,
1352 II, 9. 4. 1 | financial sustainability (European Commission, 2003). Research
1353 II, 9. 4. 1 | implementation of national and European public health policies for
1354 II, 9. 4. 2 | project, carried out in 12 European countries, was a response
1355 II, 9. 4. 2 | provides a comprehensive set of European statistics, but only includes
1356 II, 9. 4. 2 | some academic papers in the European regions indicate that CHD
1357 II, 9. 4. 2 | it is difficult to access European data supporting this theory.~ ~
1358 II, 9. 4. 2 | Women Aged 50 or more in 10 European Countries~ ~There are large
1359 II, 9. 4. 3 | the lowest mortality rate (European Commission, 2003). The ‘
1360 II, 9. 4. 3 | burden of chronic disease (European Commission, 2003). The most
1361 II, 9. 4. 3 | respiratory system (Assoc. of European Cancer Leagues, 2005).~ ~
1362 II, 9. 4. 3 | drugs and safe housing (European Healthy Aging, 2007). Systems
1363 II, 9. 4. 3 | interventions are also effective (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1364 II, 9. 4. 3 | Ireland and Luxembourg) (European Commission, 2003). The highest
1365 II, 9. 4. 3 | of Finland and Portugal (European Health Men’s Forum, 2003).
1366 II, 9. 4. 3 | highest rate above this age (European Health Men’s Forum, 2003).~ ~
1367 II, 9. 4. 3 | 75 years of age. A recent European study showed that the prevalence
1368 II, 9. 4. 3 | thirteen hospitals in ten European countries found that stroke
1369 II, 9. 4. 3 | figures show that the WHO European Region, with 48 million
1370 II, 9. 4. 3 | older population in Western European countries, however, without
1371 II, 9. 4. 3 | visits should be considered (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1372 II, 9. 4. 4 | consumption among older people (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1373 II, 9. 4. 4 | green vegetables and fruits (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1374 II, 9. 4. 4 | preferably all, days of the week (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1375 II, 9. 4. 5 | looking after children (European Commission, 2003).~ ~Acute
1376 II, 9. 4. 5 | not treated appropriately (European Geriatric Medicine Society,
1377 II, 9. 4. 5 | care in nursing home care (European Geriatric Medicine Society,
1378 II, 9. 4. 5 | of acute hospital stay (European Geriatric Medicine Society
1379 II, 9. 4. 5 | would also be of benefit (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1380 II, 9. 4. 5 | from work to retirement (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).~ ~
1381 II, 9. 4. 5 | isolation amongst older people (European Healthy Ageing, 2007).About
1382 II, 9. 4. 5 | was endorsed by the Lisbon European Council of March 2000, which
1383 II, 9. 4. 5 | June 2001, the Gothenburg European Council, in its consideration
1384 II, 9. 4. 5 | report for the Spring 2002 European Council on orientations
1385 II, 9. 4. 5 | long-term care systems in the European Union face the challenge
1386 II, 9. 4. 5 | elderly during the Barcelona European Council, which also stressed
1387 II, 9. 4. 5 | universality.~ ~The Barcelona European Council invited the Commission
1388 II, 9. 4. 5 | total employment in the European Union in 2014.~ ~In relation
1389 II, 9. 4. 5 | status are found within European countries. Certain ‘forgotten’
1390 II, 9. 4. 5 | ICT). In June 2007, the European Commission announced that
1391 II, 9. 4. 5 | non-communicable diseases in the WHO European region;~· The WHO Active
1392 II, 9. 4. 5 | adopted in March 2000 at the European Council in Lisbon. Known
1393 II, 9. 4. 5 | evaluated in 2010, as the European Commission intends to extend
1394 II, 9. 4. 5 | the policy rhetoric in all European countries part of the PROCARE
1395 II, 9. 4. 5 | similarities across some European countries have been identified,
1396 II, 9. 4. 6 | independently. With a move in some European countries such as the UK,
1397 II, 9. 4. 6 | priorities / key areas for a European action plan:~ ~· Treat the
1398 II, 9. 4. 7 | Care for Older People: A European Review. Journal of Integrated
1399 II, 9. 4. 7 | study group on behalf of the European Diabetes Epidemiology Group (
1400 II, 9. 4. 7 | Accessed 09.07.07]~ ~European Commission (2003): The Health
1401 II, 9. 4. 7 | The Health Status of the European Union – Narrowing the Health
1402 II, 9. 4. 7 | Health Gap. Luxembourg~ ~European Commission (2004): The State
1403 II, 9. 4. 7 | of Mental Health in the European Union, htt df~European Healthy
1404 II, 9. 4. 7 | the European Union, htt df~European Healthy Aging Project Recommendations,
1405 II, 9. 4. 7 | Recommendations, April 2007~European Healthy Ageing (2007): Recommendations [
1406 II, 9. 4. 7 | 20utan%20omslag.pdf].~The European Men’s Health Forum (2003):
1407 II, 9. 4. 7 | of men’s health across 17 European countries.~European Union
1408 II, 9. 4. 7 | across 17 European countries.~European Union Geriatric Medicine
1409 II, 9. 4. 7 | Geriatric Medicine of the European Union of Medical~ ~Eurostat (
1410 II, 9. 4. 7 | E (2004): Report on 4th European Breast Cancer Conference,
1411 II, 9. 4. 8 | Department of Health (UK)~EU~European Union~HIV~Human immunodeficiency
1412 II, 9. 5. 1 | least 80 in most Western European countries and 75 for males.
1413 II, 9. 5. 1 | five years less than the European average for females, while
1414 II, 9. 5. 1 | continue to rise in some European countries (Czech Republic,
1415 II, 9. 5. 1 | work outside of the home in European countries is related to
1416 II, 9. 5. 2 | Process project) and ECHI (the European Community Public Health
1417 II, 9. 5. 2 | inequalities in the health of European populations. These indicators
1418 II, 9. 5. 3 | rates than those without (European Commission, 2006).~ ~Figure
1419 II, 9. 5. 3 | diseases, asthma and allergies (European Commission, 2003). By contrast,
1420 II, 9. 5. 3 | Prevalence of depression in European epidemiological studies~ ~
1421 II, 9. 5. 3 | of more educated mothers (European Commission, 2003). Education
1422 II, 9. 5. 3 | occasion since the age of 16~ a European Women’s Lobby, 2001~b London
1423 II, 9. 5. 3 | associated with alcohol (European Commission, 2002).~ ~Fourteen
1424 II, 9. 5. 3 | associated with alcohol (European Commission, 2002). More
1425 II, 9. 5. 3 | men and women in selected European countries~ ~Figure 9.5.4.
1426 II, 9. 5. 3 | many northern and western European countries.~ ~Women who continue
1427 II, 9. 5. 3 | 2006). In April 2007 the European Commission launched their
1428 II, 9. 5. 3 | drinking and diet culture (European Commission, 2003).~ ~It
1429 II, 9. 5. 3 | currently estimated that European countries need to provide
1430 II, 9. 5. 4 | policies~ ~Table 9.5.10. European Parliament Reports which
1431 II, 9. 5. 4 | Women and poverty in the European Union.~ Reference A6-0273/
1432 II, 9. 5. 4 | between women and men in the European Union.~ Reference A6-0401/
1433 II, 9. 5. 4 | social situation in the European Union.~ Reference A6-0035/
1434 II, 9. 5. 4 | Guidelines for future European Union policy to support
1435 II, 9. 5. 4 | Options for developing the European schools system.~ Reference
1436 II, 9. 5. 4 | accidental death.~ ~ ~Much of European Commission public health
1437 II, 9. 5. 4 | s health. Both the WHO (European region) and the EU have
1438 II, 9. 5. 4 | Action - 2008-2017 ). The European Men’s Health Forum (EMHF)
1439 II, 9. 5. 4 | development at national and European levels including national
1440 II, 9. 5. 4 | all regional, national and European level policy documents could
1441 II, 9. 5. 4 | priorities / key areas for a European action plan~ ~The implementation
1442 II, 9. 5. 4 | development policies of the European Community and EU Member
1443 II, 9. 5. 4 | studies were ordered by the European Commission as part of the
1444 II, 9. 5. 4 | data disaggregated per sex (European Commission, 2006).~ ~
1445 II, 9. 5. 5 | improvement of the health of European populations. Social and
1446 II, 9. 5. 5 | economic inclusion of all European populations requires that
1447 II, 9. 5. 5 | governments in Europe and at European Commission level. Among
1448 II, 9. 5. 6 | Health Status. Eurostat/European Commission~ ~Diabetes Prevention
1449 II, 9. 5. 6 | Health; 97 (1): 63-68~ ~European Institute of Women’s Health (
1450 II, 9. 5. 6 | Official Publications of the European Communities. Available at: htt 3 (
1451 II, 9. 5. 6 | accessed 07.07)~ ~European Commission (2002). Health
1452 II, 9. 5. 6 | Atlas on mortality in the European Union; data 1994–1996. Office
1453 II, 9. 5. 6 | Official Publications for the European Communities. Luxembourg~ ~
1454 II, 9. 5. 6 | Communities. Luxembourg~ ~European Commission (2003): The Health
1455 II, 9. 5. 6 | The Health Status of the European Union – Narrowing the Health
1456 II, 9. 5. 6 | Health Gap. Luxembourg~ ~European Commission/Europe Against
1457 II, 9. 5. 6 | Europe Against Cancer (2003): European Code Against Cancer, Version
1458 II, 9. 5. 6 | accessed 07.07)~ ~European Commission (2004): Expert
1459 II, 9. 5. 6 | depression’. Brussels~ ~European Commission (2006): Equality
1460 II, 9. 5. 6 | Women and Men. Brussels~ ~European Heart Network/European Health
1461 II, 9. 5. 6 | European Heart Network/European Health Management Association/
1462 II, 9. 5. 6 | 2005): A healthy heart for European women. Available at: www g (
1463 II, 9. 5. 6 | accessed 07.07)~ ~European Men’s Health Forum (2005):
1464 II, 9. 5. 6 | accessed 01.08)~ ~European Men’s Health Forum (2006):
1465 II, 9. 5. 6 | accessed 01.08)~ ~European Parliament/European Institute
1466 II, 9. 5. 6 | 08)~ ~European Parliament/European Institute of Women’s Health (
1467 II, 9. 5. 6 | Age: New Evidence From The European Community Household Panel;
1468 II, 9. 5. 6 | the health care sector. European Parliament, Brussels.~ ~
1469 II, 9. 5. 6 | Ways of Doing Research. European Journal of Women’s Studies,
1470 II, 9. 5. 6 | older women in Europe. Final European synthesis report. ISIS –
1471 II, 9. 5. 7 | Alzheimer’s Disease~EIWH~European Institute of Women’s Health~
1472 II, 9. 5. 7 | Institute of Women’s Health~EP~European Parliament~EU~European Union~
1473 II, 9. 5. 7 | EP~European Parliament~EU~European Union~EURODEM~European Community
1474 II, 9. 5. 7 | EU~European Union~EURODEM~European Community Concerted Action
1475 III, 10. 1 | lifestyle factors.~Source: European Environment Agency & Joint
1476 III, 10. 1. 3 | mZ8UVQv2wQFShMRF6cuT.pdf]~EEA (European Environment Agency)(2005):
1477 III, 10. 2. 1 | adjusted life years.~ECHP~European Community Household Panel~
1478 III, 10. 2. 1 | and Social Council~EHIS~European Health Interview Survey~
1479 III, 10. 2. 1 | Health Interview Survey~ENSP~European Network for Smoking Prevention~
1480 III, 10. 2. 1 | 27 Member States of the European Union since 1 January 2007.~
1481 III, 10. 2. 1 | age smoke more. In most European countries smoking is prevalent
1482 III, 10. 2. 1 | lower socio-economic groups. European youth has the highest smoking
1483 III, 10. 2. 1 | attributable mortality in western European countries is declining for
1484 III, 10. 2. 1 | Eurostat uses data from the European Community Household Panel (
1485 III, 10. 2. 1 | from survey modules of the European Health Interview Survey (
1486 III, 10. 2. 1 | data were collated for the European Community Respiratory Health
1487 III, 10. 2. 1 | smoking prevalence among European men and women between 1990
1488 III, 10. 2. 1 | prevalence of tobacco use among European women.~ ~Figure 10.2.1.1.
1489 III, 10. 2. 1 | different stages in different European countries. Some countries
1490 III, 10. 2. 1 | In central and eastern European countries the awareness
1491 III, 10. 2. 1 | as well as some southern European countries are now at stage
1492 III, 10. 2. 1 | social gradients in northern European countries and weaker or
1493 III, 10. 2. 1 | reversed gradients in southern European countries, was found for
1494 III, 10. 2. 1 | are mainly due to smoking (European Communities, 2002).~Mortality
1495 III, 10. 2. 1 | passive smoking (ERS 6; European Commission, 2003).~In 1990–
1496 III, 10. 2. 1 | self-reported prevalence in the European Community of passive smoking
1497 III, 10. 2. 1 | disease expressed in DALYs in European region. The most prominent
1498 III, 10. 2. 1 | the only country of the European Union where snuff is not
1499 III, 10. 2. 1 | where it is now unavailable (European Commission, 2007).~ ~The
1500 III, 10. 2. 1 | Commission, 2007).~ ~The European Commission is in the process
