Part, Question

 501   1, 75  |              se"; nor can it for that reason be said to ~operate "per
 502   1, 75  |          changed belong to matter by ~reason of its being in potentiality.
 503   1, 75  |             each is there a different reason of subjection and change. ~
 504   1, 75  |            ignorance to knowledge, by reason of its being in potentiality
 505   1, 75  |               thing can be created by reason, not of a passive ~potentiality,
 506   1, 76  |         whatever exists in a thing by reason of its nature ~exists in
 507   1, 76  |               belongs to the form by ~reason of its nature; because form
 508   1, 76  |              a form of the soul. The ~reason is because nothing acts
 509   1, 76  |               Q[75], A[4]), ~for this reason, that it is one and the
 510   1, 76  |       operation of the intellect. The reason therefore why ~Socrates
 511   1, 76  |        attributed to Socrates for the reason that he is ~moved by his
 512   1, 76  |             OBJ 4: The human soul, by reason of its perfection, is not
 513   1, 76  |        non-subsistent forms. For this reason the human soul retains its
 514   1, 76  |           body belongs to the soul by reason of ~itself, as it belongs
 515   1, 76  |            belongs to a light body by reason of itself to be raised ~
 516   1, 76  |            distinct and multiplied by reason of the individuating principles
 517   1, 76  |              he is called "animal" by reason of his having a ~body animated
 518   1, 76  |            spiritual, which obeys the reason; but ~we say that it is
 519   1, 76  |            corporeal organs; for this reason, that ~in those animals
 520   1, 76  |              absolutely one. For this reason, ~against those who hold
 521   1, 76  |             various degrees. For this reason Aristotle, Metaph. viii (
 522   1, 76  |              is incorruptible, not by reason of its ~being sensitive,
 523   1, 76  |               being sensitive, but by reason of its being intellectual.
 524   1, 76  |             of understanding, because reason can apprehend one and ~the
 525   1, 76  |            soul, ~and something more, reason can consider separately
 526   1, 76  |            corrupted simply. For this reason, the ~old natural philosophers,
 527   1, 76  |             the forms of elements, by reason of their ~imperfection,
 528   1, 76  |              gather from the form the reason why the ~matter is such
 529   1, 76  |          equable complexion. For this reason among animals, ~man has
 530   1, 76  |              the intellectual soul by reason ~of its intellectual operation
 531   1, 76  |               a dignity of its own by reason of ~its being remote from
 532   1, 76  |          which it is united. For this reason we observe that there is
 533   1, 76  |          these, man has by nature his reason and ~his hands, which are "
 534   1, 76  |              time and in the order of reason, as the Philosopher says,
 535   1, 76  |          whatever and its matter. The reason is ~because since matter
 536   1, 76  |             under the ~observation of reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[76] A[
 537   1, 76  |           means of another body. ~The reason of this is that a thing
 538   1, 76  |             the form itself, which by reason of its very nature ~is united
 539   1, 77  |              are taken from sense and reason, which are powers of the
 540   1, 77  |        nothing is in potentiality by ~reason of an act, as act.~Aquin.:
 541   1, 77  |              5], ~ad 4); and for this reason it can be the subject of
 542   1, 77  |               the powers of sense and reason, but from the sensitive
 543   1, 77  |              2/2~There is yet another reason why the human soul abounds
 544   1, 77  |               the powers according to reason; and these again are ~preceded
 545   1, 77  |             or a ~stone. Therefore by reason of such differences the
 546   1, 77  |            attributed ~to the body by reason of the soul; because, as
 547   1, 77  |             powers; and for a similar reason, of all the ~other powers.~
 548   1, 77  |              2); except, ~perhaps, by reason of a part of itself, as
 549   1, 77  |             these powers; and also by reason of the diversity of ~the
 550   1, 77  |               sense and ~imagination, reason and intelligence, concupiscibility
 551   1, 77  |            consist; the soul with its reason, and the body with its ~
 552   1, 37  |            affection of the lover; by reason of which the ~object loved
 553   1, 38  |         gratuitous donation. Now, the reason of donation being gratuitous
 554   1, 39  |            are ~subsistent, and so by reason of the opposition between
 555   1, 39  |              persons. So for the same reason we can ~say there are "three
 556   1, 39  |           persons in the ~plural. The reason of this is that substantives
 557   1, 39  |            plural. This, then, is the reason ~why we say that Socrates,
 558   1, 39  |            three persons plurally, by reason ~of the plurality of "supposita."
 559   1, 39  |              of expression. So as ~by reason of the plurality of "supposita"
 560   1, 39  |             this term "God" cannot by reason ~of the notional predicate,
 561   1, 39  |               generates; for the same reason this is true, "God does
 562   1, 39  |               for the essence, but by reason ~of some notional adjunct
 563   1, 39  |         attributed to the subject ~by reason of the form signified -
 564   1, 39  |             say, "God ~generates," by reason of the notional act this
 565   1, 39  |        essence": considering that, by reason of the divine simplicity
 566   1, 39  |               by mode of ~identity by reason of the divine simplicity;
 567   1, 39  |             us from the standpoint of reason than the personal properties;
 568   1, 39  |              says, because fathers by reason ~of old age are sometimes
 569   1, 39  |               does apparently without reason. For ~"eternity" imports
 570   1, 39  |          anything else; and for this ~reason it is appropriated to the
 571   1, 39  |           that "The Three are one, by reason of the ~Father; They are
 572   1, 39  |             Father; They are equal by reason of the Son; and are united
 573   1, 39  |            the Son; and are united by reason of ~the Holy Ghost." For
 574   1, 39  |             Son. So, all are equal by reason of the Son, not as if the ~
 575   1, 39  |              So ~all are connected by reason of the Holy Ghost; because
 576   1, 39  |         appropriation is made both by reason of similitude as regards ~
 577   1, 39  |            the divine persons, and by reason of dissimilitude if we ~
 578   1, 39  |              is wanting sometimes by ~reason of old age. "Wisdom" has
 579   1, 39  |           this is sometimes absent by reason of lack of years. "Goodness,"
 580   1, 39  |             can be ~applied to God by reason of His active power; hence
 581   1, 39  |            person of the Son, not by ~reason of itself, but by reason
 582   1, 39  |              reason of itself, but by reason of an adjunct, inasmuch
 583   1, 40  |             consider that in God, by ~reason of the divine simplicity,
 584   1, 40  |               according to the ~other reason of identity, whereby whatever
 585   1, 40  |              are ~not due to the same reason. For as He is the Father
 586   1, 41  |            let him be anathema." The ~reason of this is that will and
 587   1, 41  |        necessary "of itself," and "by reason ~of another." Taken in the
 588   1, 41  |        concerning the Holy Ghost, by ~reason of what is said (Zach. 12:
 589   1, 41  |             other is a distinction of reason only. By a real distinction,
 590   1, 41  |           action and ~agent is one of reason only, otherwise action would
 591   1, 41  |             there is a distinction of reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[41] A[
 592   1, 41  |              Body Para. 2/5~The first reason is in regard to the relations
 593   1, 41  |             Body Para. 3/5~The second reason is taken from the manner
 594   1, 41  |              Body Para. 4/5~The third reason is taken from the manner
 595   1, 41  |             Body Para. 5/5~The fourth reason is taken from the perfection
 596   1, 41  |             divine persons. ~For this reason is the Son perfect, that
 597   1, 41  |             the Son is the Father, by reason of the notional term added. ~
 598   1, 42  |              can there be equality by reason of discrete quantity, because ~
 599   1, 42  |               persons are distinct by reason of the relations. ~Therefore
 600   1, 42  |      involving a plurality." Now ~the reason of this is that unequal
 601   1, 42  |               everything has being by reason of its form. The second
 602   1, 42  |              not conversely, for this reason we say that the Son is equalled
 603   1, 42  |               essence, since for this reason are the persons equal to
 604   1, 42  |            unity of essence. For this reason the Master says (Sent. ~
 605   1, 42  |               the order of nature and reason, if formally considered
 606   1, 42  |               the order of nature and reason, ~inasmuch as the one enters
 607   1, 42  |               the order of nature and reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[42] A[
 608   1, 42  |      shortcomings, then every son, by reason of his natural ~nativity,
 609   1, 43  |               can be put down as the ~reason why the divine person is
 610   1, 43  |               gifts nevertheless, by ~reason of their own particular
 611   1, 43  |             Holy Ghost is not sent by reason of those ~visible creatures
 612   1, 43  |               Son was visibly sent by reason of the noblest kind ~of
 613   1, 43  |                He ought to be sent by reason of rational creatures.~Aquin.:
 614   1, 43  |            the Son of God; and so, by reason of the nature ~assumed,
 615   1, 43  |               less than the Father by reason of any visible ~creature.~
 616   1, 43  |          regards His human nature, by reason of which ~He was sent to
 617   1, 43  |           sends the person sent. This reason does not prove that a man
 618   1, 45  |             their ~necessity. But the reason why an efficient cause is
 619   1, 45  |             to that cause is ~not the reason why it is brought under
 620   1, 45  |            Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: The reason adduced does not show that
 621   1, 45  |        determinate form in matter ~by reason of the exemplar before him,
 622   1, 45  |           exemplar of another by ~the reason of its likeness thereto,
 623   1, 46  |             be necessary for the same reason to suppose another ~creation
 624   1, 46  |                but only a relation of reason; ~whereas the relation of
 625   1, 46  |           Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: This reason does not prove that matter
 626   1, 46  |           through the Son. Again, the reason ~for this particular appropriation
 627   1, 46  |             by creation; and the same reason applies to other things.~
 628   1, 47  |             being the final cause, by reason of His goodness, the ~exemplar
 629   1, 47  |                the ~exemplar cause by reason of His wisdom, and the efficient
 630   1, 47  |              the efficient cause, by ~reason of His power as appears
 631   1, 47  |              have nothing to say from reason, as, "whether the world
 632   1, 47  |           R.O. 2 Para. 2/2~Hence this reason which is given by Aristotle (
 633   1, 47  |              it is evident ~that this reason, which Aristotle gives (
 634   1, 47  |         Aristotle brings forward this reason (Phys. viii, text 10) against
 635   1, 47  |            Trinity (Q[32], A[1]). The reason of this is that the ~newness
 636   1, 47  |            cannot be investigated by ~reason, except as regards those
 637   1, 47  |               hold that the ~arts, by reason of various corruptions and
 638   1, 47  |               of the world evade this reason ~in many ways. For some
 639   1, 47  |         appropriated to the Father by reason of power, so ~the exemplar
 640   1, 47  |            appropriated to the Son by reason of wisdom, in ~order that,
 641   1, 48  |           Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: This reason would apply to the representation
 642   1, 48  |            and which is multiplied by reason of ~matter only; hence the
 643   1, 48  |              created things without a reason. But for the same reason
 644   1, 48  |              reason. But for the same reason He ~created one, He could
 645   1, 48  |           Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: This reason proves that the world is
 646   1, 48  |             forasmuch as for the same reason it might be said that if
 647   1, 49  |             privation of the good of ~reason, but the delight of sense
 648   1, 49  |            sense without the order of reason. Hence evil ~is not a constitutive
 649   1, 49  |            difference as such, but by reason of the good that ~is annexed.~
 650   1, 49  |             accidentally, that is, by reason of some good joined to it.~
 651   1, 49  |                2/3~There is a twofold reason for this. The first is that
 652   1, 49  |             Body Para. 3/3~The second reason can be taken from the fact
 653   1, 50  |              action evil is caused by reason of the defect of some principle
 654   1, 50  |              an animal may ~happen by reason of the weakness of the motive
 655   1, 50  |              case of ~children, or by reason only of the ineptitude of
 656   1, 50  |              the agent, ~sometimes by reason of a defect, either of the
 657   1, 50  |              matter. It ~is caused by reason of the power or perfection
 658   1, 50  |               evil which is fault, by reason of what is said above.~Aquin.:
 659   1, 50  |              to be evil and worse, by reason of ~access to the supreme
 660   1, 50  |               be good and ~better, by reason of access to the supreme
 661   1, 50  |                 that is, in regard to reason; ~and more men seek good
 662   1, 50  |               than good according to ~reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[49] A[
 663   1, 51  |           Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: This reason is given in the book on
 664   1, 51  |            our material numbers." The reason whereof ~is this, because,
 665   1, 51  |              of their own nature. The reason for this is, that nothing ~
 666   1, 53  |             consequently for the same reason all ~other spiritual substances.~
 667   1, 53  |           body. Therefore for ~a like reason there are not two angels
 668   1, 53  |         angels in the same place. The reason of ~this is because it is
 669   1, 53  |            the place; but for another reason, as has ~been said.~Aquin.:
 670   1, 54  |             its purpose for a twofold reason. ~First of all, because
 671   1, 55  |            essence of an angel is the reason of his entire ~existence,
 672   1, 55  |                existence, but not the reason of his whole act of understanding,
 673   1, 55  |              demons; and for the same reason it is in the angels, since
 674   1, 55  |             as is our soul. For ~this reason the angels are called "intellects"
 675   1, 56  |               I answer that, For this reason are some things of a more
 676   1, 58  |              one who ~understands, by reason of the intelligible species
 677   1, 58  |              in things. For ~the same reason, the species in the angel'
 678   1, 58  |               spoken of as distant by reason of time, so ~is it by reason
 679   1, 58  |          reason of time, so ~is it by reason of place. But angels know
 680   1, 58  |              affections of wills. The reason of this is, ~because the
 681   1, 58  |            are moved by the will ~and reason; because, even the lower
 682   1, 58  |               soul has some share of ~reason, as obeying its ruler, as
 683   1, 58  |               of their beatitude. The reason of this is, that ~this is
 684   1, 59  |              nature, can with greater reason do this.~Aquin.: SMT FP
 685   1, 59  |               that for the self-same ~reason our intellect understands
 686   1, 59  |             and ~which has a depraved reason, has falsehood or error
 687   1, 59  |              the angels, for the same reason it ~appears that there ought
 688   1, 60  |              42), "The will is in the reason." ~But there is no reason
 689   1, 60  |             reason." ~But there is no reason in the angels, but something
 690   1, 60  |             but something higher than reason. ~Therefore there is no
 691   1, 60  |              1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Reason surpasses sense in a different
 692   1, 60  |             which intellect surpasses reason. Reason surpasses sense
 693   1, 60  |           intellect surpasses reason. Reason surpasses sense according
 694   1, 60  |            particular objects, ~while reason judges of universals. Therefore
 695   1, 60  |             which appetite belongs to reason; ~and another with a tendency
 696   1, 60  |              sense. But intellect and reason differ as to their manner
 697   1, 60  |               simple intuition, while reason ~knows by a process of discursion
 698   1, 60  |      Nevertheless ~by such discursion reason comes to know what intellect
 699   1, 60  |     appetitive faculty on the part of reason and on the part of intellect
 700   1, 60  |             to ~the discursiveness of reason. Therefore it appears that
 701   1, 60  |               in men, with ~much more reason is it in the angels.~Aquin.:
 702   1, 60  |           appetite is so divided. The reason ~of this is because, since
 703   1, 60  |               such kind. For the same reason it must ~be said that hope
 704   1, 61  |              a ~discursive act of the reason; but only human choice.
 705   1, 61  |             even in such as devoid of reason. But, "every beast loves
 706   1, 61  |          tendency of things devoid of reason shows the nature of the ~
 707   1, 61  |              body's safety. And since reason copies nature, we find the
 708   1, 63  |             he merited beatitude. The reason whereof is because grace
 709   1, 63  |              their natural gifts. The reason for this can be drawn from
 710   1, 63  |      beatified angels cannot sin. The reason for this is, ~because their
 711   1, 63  |       rendered unable to sin, for the reason already alleged.~Aquin.:
 712   1, 64  |             condition of nature. ~The reason of this is, because sinning
 713   1, 64  |          free-will in the ~angels, by reason of which evil may be in
 714   1, 64  |               in the angels to fetter reason or ~intellect, as is manifest
 715   1, 64  |             the ~angels, for the same reason there can likewise be other
 716   1, 64  |               their own will. Now the reason why Porphyry held that they
 717   1, 64  |             of his creation. The same reason does ~not hold good of sin;
 718   1, 64  |              Therefore, ~for the like reason there was some interval
 719   1, 64  |               Therefore ~for the same reason it is so with the angels.~
 720   1, 64  |        forsaking the good dictated by reason, which good ~is known to
 721   1, 65  |               Therefore, for the same reason, they are deprived of all
 722   1, 65  |           will of the creature can by reason of free-will be inclined
 723   1, 65  |    intelligence"; ~whereas man by his reason apprehends movably, passing
 724   1, 65  |            due to the demons: one, by reason of their sin, and this is
 725   1, 66  |           brought into being ~for the reason that it was good for it
 726   1, 66  |         things here ~below, for which reason they are said to cause generation
 727   1, 66  |        generated or corrupted, but by reason ~of the generation or corruption
 728   1, 67  |        corporeal creatures, for which reason they are said to be ~without
 729   1, 67  |           herbs and plants, for which reason it is called "empty," ~or,
 730   1, 67  |             sound. Therefore for this reason the matter of the celestial
 731   1, 67  |               second day: whereas the reason given by Basil ~is that
 732   1, 67  |              perfection. But a better reason can be drawn ~from the state
 733   1, 67  |            Coel. Hier. xii). For this reason it may ~be said that the
 734   1, 68  |             Body Para. 2/4~The second reason is from movement. For if
 735   1, 68  |             Body Para. 3/4 ~The third reason is from generation and corruption.
 736   1, 68  |            are repugnant, not only to reason, but to ~common sense, we
 737   1, 68  |            substantial form. For this reason light disappears on the ~
 738   1, 68  |              ii in Genes.] gives as a reason for the omission that ~Moses
 739   1, 68  |          receive its form. The second reason is ~because light is a common
 740   1, 68  |                  indeed, adds a third reason: that all other ~things
 741   1, 68  |                i), that there was ~no reason for this vicissitude of
 742   1, 69  |           will be found ~repugnant to reason. Augustine, in fact (Gen.
 743   1, 69  |               no one ~would attribute reason to these.~Aquin.: SMT FP
 744   1, 69  |           four elements, for the same reason it may be ~believed that
 745   1, 69  |              be some common notion by reason of which each is called
 746   1, 69  |              and the water, for which reason the birds that fly in the
 747   1, 70  |              place, and that for this reason Scripture ~had no reason
 748   1, 70  |              reason Scripture ~had no reason to speak of it as made.~
 749   1, 70  |         apparent, and this may be the reason why they ~are said to be
 750   1, 70  |              the light Day": ~for the reason that later on a period of
 751   1, 70  |              And this is confirmed by reason, as follows. In these ~first
 752   1, 70  |             species thereof. For this reason, therefore, he makes no ~
 753   1, 71  |              service of man, who, ~by reason of his soul, is nobler than
 754   1, 71  |         adornment of the universe by ~reason of their proper movement;
 755   1, 71  |             been said, with much more reason, of the ~other animals as
 756   1, 72  |             multiplication; for which reason God said to the creatures ~
 757   1, 72  |              resting in God. For this reason things ~dedicated to God
 758   1, 73  |                1/1~I answer that, The reason of the distinction of these
 759   1, 73  |             instantaneously. For this reason, ~therefore, every work
 760   1, 73  |               His works: and for this reason it was right that the seventh ~
 761   1, 73  |               one day, and for a like reason all the rest.~Aquin.: SMT
 762   1, 73  |            word of ~God; and for this reason in the works of distinction
 763   1, 73  |              their beginning. And the reason for ~mentioning the evening
 764   1, 73  |         natural day is fixed. Another reason ~may be to signify that
 765   1, 74  |            accidentally; and for this reason ~it does not cause an invariable
 766   1, 74  |             what is actual: for which reason we do not say that heat
 767   1, 74  |              se"; nor can it for that reason be said to ~operate "per
 768   1, 74  |          changed belong to matter by ~reason of its being in potentiality.
 769   1, 74  |             each is there a different reason of subjection and change. ~
 770   1, 74  |            ignorance to knowledge, by reason of its being in potentiality
 771   1, 74  |               thing can be created by reason, not of a passive ~potentiality,
 772   1, 75  |         whatever exists in a thing by reason of its nature ~exists in
 773   1, 75  |               belongs to the form by ~reason of its nature; because form
 774   1, 75  |              a form of the soul. The ~reason is because nothing acts
 775   1, 75  |               Q[75], A[4]), ~for this reason, that it is one and the
 776   1, 75  |       operation of the intellect. The reason therefore why ~Socrates
 777   1, 75  |        attributed to Socrates for the reason that he is ~moved by his
 778   1, 75  |             OBJ 4: The human soul, by reason of its perfection, is not
 779   1, 75  |        non-subsistent forms. For this reason the human soul retains its
 780   1, 75  |           body belongs to the soul by reason of ~itself, as it belongs
 781   1, 75  |            belongs to a light body by reason of itself to be raised ~
 782   1, 75  |            distinct and multiplied by reason of the individuating principles
 783   1, 75  |              he is called "animal" by reason of his having a ~body animated
 784   1, 75  |            spiritual, which obeys the reason; but ~we say that it is
 785   1, 75  |            corporeal organs; for this reason, that ~in those animals
 786   1, 75  |              absolutely one. For this reason, ~against those who hold
 787   1, 75  |             various degrees. For this reason Aristotle, Metaph. viii (
 788   1, 75  |              is incorruptible, not by reason of its ~being sensitive,
 789   1, 75  |               being sensitive, but by reason of its being intellectual.
 790   1, 75  |             of understanding, because reason can apprehend one and ~the
 791   1, 75  |            soul, ~and something more, reason can consider separately
 792   1, 75  |            corrupted simply. For this reason, the ~old natural philosophers,
 793   1, 75  |             the forms of elements, by reason of their ~imperfection,
 794   1, 75  |              gather from the form the reason why the ~matter is such
 795   1, 75  |          equable complexion. For this reason among animals, ~man has
 796   1, 75  |              the intellectual soul by reason ~of its intellectual operation
 797   1, 75  |               a dignity of its own by reason of ~its being remote from
 798   1, 75  |          which it is united. For this reason we observe that there is
 799   1, 75  |          these, man has by nature his reason and ~his hands, which are "
 800   1, 75  |              time and in the order of reason, as the Philosopher says,
 801   1, 75  |          whatever and its matter. The reason is ~because since matter
 802   1, 75  |             under the ~observation of reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[76] A[
 803   1, 75  |           means of another body. ~The reason of this is that a thing
 804   1, 75  |             the form itself, which by reason of its very nature ~is united
 805   1, 76  |              are taken from sense and reason, which are powers of the
 806   1, 76  |        nothing is in potentiality by ~reason of an act, as act.~Aquin.:
 807   1, 76  |              5], ~ad 4); and for this reason it can be the subject of
 808   1, 76  |               the powers of sense and reason, but from the sensitive
 809   1, 76  |              2/2~There is yet another reason why the human soul abounds
 810   1, 76  |               the powers according to reason; and these again are ~preceded
 811   1, 76  |             or a ~stone. Therefore by reason of such differences the
 812   1, 76  |            attributed ~to the body by reason of the soul; because, as
 813   1, 76  |             powers; and for a similar reason, of all the ~other powers.~
 814   1, 76  |              2); except, ~perhaps, by reason of a part of itself, as
 815   1, 76  |             these powers; and also by reason of the diversity of ~the
 816   1, 76  |               sense and ~imagination, reason and intelligence, concupiscibility
 817   1, 76  |            consist; the soul with its reason, and the body with its ~
 818   1, 77  |          called modes of ~living. The reason of this diversity lies in
 819   1, 77  |               be generated. ~For this reason it must have a power in
 820   1, 77  |                1/5~I answer that, The reason of the distinction and number
 821   1, 77  |               various powers for the ~reason that there are various organs;
 822   1, 77  |               A[3] Body Para. 2/5~The reason of the number and distinction
 823   1, 77  |             their own ~nature, but by reason of the sensible quality;
 824   1, 77  |            quality; as the surface by reason ~of color. Yet they are
 825   1, 77  |        specific ~senses, and for this reason it extends to various contrarieties;
 826   1, 77  |           distinguished from touch by reason of a different formality
 827   1, 77  |           immutation in its organ, by reason of the quality which is
 828   1, 77  |              a natural ~immutation by reason of the quality which is
 829   1, 77  |              sweet and bitter: but by reason of a quality ~which is a
 830   1, 77  |               called the ~"particular reason," to which medical men assign
 831   1, 77  |              just as the intellectual reason compares universal ~intentions.
 832   1, 77  |            proximity to the universal reason, which, so to ~speak, overflows
 833   1, 78  |            intellect?~(8) Whether the reason is a distinct power from
 834   1, 78  |             the superior and inferior reason are distinct powers?~(10)
 835   1, 78  |             of powers in the soul, by reason of the different formalities
 836   1, 78  |               the Philosopher, in the reason (De Anima iii, 9).~Aquin.:
 837   1, 78  |               intellect. And for this reason ~an angel is called a "mind"
 838   1, 78  |              clear from the following reason. For ~the intellect, as
 839   1, 78  |               things intelligible, by reason of ~its very existence;
 840   1, 78  |          which it can understand, by ~reason of its proximity to the
 841   1, 78  |                 because it "obeys the reason" ~(Ethic. i, 13). Others
 842   1, 78  |             is called the "particular reason." And in each ~case "passive"
 843   1, 78  |     intelligible, and which for this ~reason Aristotle calls the "possible"
 844   1, 78  |               manner and for the same reason as light is ~required for
 845   1, 78  |         seeing; but not for the same ~reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[79] A[
 846   1, 78  |               called intellectual by ~reason of a participation in intellectual
 847   1, 78  |       something in the soul. For this reason Aristotle (De ~Anima iii,
 848   1, 78  |                passive intellect" by ~reason of its being in potentiality
 849   1, 78  |            opinion is also opposed to reason. For what is received ~into
 850   1, 78  |        through them, much more cogent reason is there ~for the intellect
 851   1, 78  |               1/1~OBJ 2: Further, the reason of distinction among the
 852   1, 78  |          intellectual powers, for the reason give above.~Aquin.: SMT
 853   1, 78  |           Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the reason is distinct from the intellect?~
 854   1, 78  |                It would seem that the reason is a distinct power from
 855   1, 78  |               then ~imagination, then reason, then the intellect." Therefore
 856   1, 78  |             intellect." Therefore the reason is ~distinct from the intellect,
 857   1, 78  |             intellect is ~compared to reason, as eternity to time. But
 858   1, 78  |              to be in time. Therefore reason and ~intellect are not the
 859   1, 78  |           common with the brutes. But reason, which is proper to man,
 860   1, 78  |          excels irrational animals is reason, or mind, or intelligence ~
 861   1, 78  |               to give it." Therefore, reason, ~intellect and mind are
 862   1, 78  |              Para. 1/1~I answer that, Reason and intellect in man cannot
 863   1, 78  |           intelligible truth: and to ~reason is to advance from one thing
 864   1, 78  |           power do we understand ~and reason: and so it is clear that
 865   1, 78  |               it is clear that in man reason and intellect are the ~same
 866   1, 78  |            intellect to eternity, and reason to time.~Aquin.: SMT FP
 867   1, 78  |             knowledge of truth, which reason seeks. But man attains, ~
 868   1, 78  |            that which is in the human reason, but is compared to ~it
 869   1, 78  |          Whether the higher and lower reason are distinct powers?~Aquin.:
 870   1, 78  |             that the higher and lower reason are distinct ~powers. For
 871   1, 78  |             in the higher part of the reason, and not in the lower. But ~
 872   1, 78  |       Therefore the higher and lower ~reason are two powers.~Aquin.:
 873   1, 78  |           from itself. Now, the lower reason flows ~from the higher,
 874   1, 78  |             it. Therefore the higher ~reason is another power from the
 875   1, 78  |             be the same as the higher reason, which, ~according to Augustine (
 876   1, 78  |              is the same as the lower reason, ~which, according to Augustine, "
 877   1, 78  |         things." Therefore the higher reason is another power than the
 878   1, 78  |             power, which is the lower reason, is distinct from the mind ~
 879   1, 78  |             may understand the higher reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[79] A[
 880   1, 78  |           that "the higher and ~lower reason are only distinct by their
 881   1, 78  |            that, The higher and lower reason, as they are understood
 882   1, 78  |             he says that "the ~higher reason is that which is intent
 883   1, 78  |                But he calls the lower reason that which "is intent on
 884   1, 78  |     perspective. But the power of the reason is such that both ~medium
 885   1, 78  |             to it. For the act of the reason is, as it were, ~a movement
 886   1, 78  |              attributed to the higher reason, science to ~the lower.~
 887   1, 78  |               divided. And ~so far as reason is divided according to
 888   1, 78  |           acts, the higher and ~lower reason are called parts; but not
 889   1, 78  |              1~Reply OBJ 2: The lower reason is said to flow from the
 890   1, 78  |              made use of by the lower reason are ~drawn from and directed
 891   1, 78  |              principles of the higher reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[79] A[
 892   1, 78  |            not the same as the higher reason: for necessary truths are
 893   1, 78  |               limited than the ~lower reason; for it regards only things
 894   1, 78  |               then ~imagination, then reason, then intellect, and afterwards
 895   1, 78  |               imagination in another, reason in another, intelligence ~
 896   1, 78  |        intellect is the same power as reason. Therefore, ~seemingly,
 897   1, 78  |              power from intellect, as reason is ~a distinct power from
 898   1, 78  |  intelligences," and perhaps for this reason, that such ~substances are
 899   1, 78  |             transcends the act of the reason. Wherefore he also says ~
 900   1, 78  |          Wherefore he also says ~that reason alone belongs to the human
 901   1, 78  |             not distinct ~powers. The reason of which is that, as we
 902   1, 78  |            our judgment belong to the reason as ~to its higher part,
 903   1, 78  |            synderesis" is the same as reason: and thus it is a power.~
 904   1, 78  |             it is a power higher than reason; while others [*Cf. Alexander
 905   1, 78  |                Q[73]] said that it is reason itself, not as ~reason,
 906   1, 78  |             is reason itself, not as ~reason, but as a nature. In order
 907   1, 78  |          investigation on the part of reason, as from an immovable principle -
 908   1, 78  |              that, as the speculative reason argues about ~speculative
 909   1, 78  |             things, so that practical reason argues about practical ~
 910   1, 78  |               they are attributed to ~reason as to a power, and to "synderesis"
 911   1, 78  |           judge naturally both by our reason and by "synderesis."~~Aquin.:
 912   1, 78  |     synderesis." And for this special reason, this habit is sometimes ~
 913   1, 79  |          sense. Therefore, for a like reason, ~neither is there distinction
 914   1, 80  |             concupiscible powers obey reason?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 915   1, 80  |         against the ~higher and lower reason, which belong to knowledge.
 916   1, 80  |              against higher and lower reason, as ~having in common with
 917   1, 80  |           belong the higher and lower reason, is a motive power; as ~
 918   1, 80  |     concupiscible flies. And for this reason all the passions ~of the
 919   1, 80  |           terminates in joy. For this reason also the ~quarrels of animals
 920   1, 80  |       concupiscible appetite: but by ~reason of the strife which arises
 921   1, 80  |          concupiscible appetites obey reason?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 922   1, 80  |  concupiscible appetites do ~not obey reason. For irascible and concupiscible
 923   1, 80  |              sensuality does not obey reason, wherefore it is ~signified
 924   1, 80  |   concupiscible appetites do not obey reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 925   1, 80  |        concupiscible appetites resist reason: according to the ~Apostle (
 926   1, 80  |  concupiscible appetites do ~not obey reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 927   1, 80  |                the soul does not obey reason: for we neither hear nor
 928   1, 80  |      irascible and concupscible, obey reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 929   1, 80  |              obedient and amenable to reason is divided into ~concupiscence
 930   1, 80  |            which are the intellect or reason, and the will; ~first, as
 931   1, 80  |               the will; ~first, as to reason, secondly as to the will.
 932   1, 80  |               the will. They obey the reason in ~their own acts, because
 933   1, 80  |               by some 'the particular reason,' because it compares individual ~
 934   1, 80  |             moved by ~this particular reason. But this same particular
 935   1, 80  |              But this same particular reason is naturally ~guided and
 936   1, 80  |            according to the universal reason: wherefore in ~syllogistic
 937   1, 80  |              clear that the universal reason directs the ~sensitive appetite,
 938   1, 80  |       intellect, as such, but ~of the reason: hence it is that the irascible
 939   1, 80  |   concupiscible are said ~to obey the reason rather than to obey the
 940   1, 80  |          concupiscible are subject to reason.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[81] A[
 941   1, 80  |            which ~they are led by the reason, as we have said.~Aquin.:
 942   1, 80  |            something of their own, by reason of which they can resist ~
 943   1, 80  |            once. But the intellect or reason is said to rule the irascible ~
 944   1, 80  |               resist the commands of ~reason. For the sensitive appetite
 945   1, 80  |            power ~which the universal reason guides, but also by the
 946   1, 80  |       concupiscible ~powers do resist reason, inasmuch as we sense or
 947   1, 80  |            something ~pleasant, which reason forbids, or unpleasant,
 948   1, 80  |         forbids, or unpleasant, which reason commands. And ~so from the
 949   1, 80  |              and concupiscible resist reason in ~something, we must not
 950   1, 80  |             of which is not ruled ~by reason. But the interior powers,
 951   1, 80  |            subject to the command of ~reason, which can not only incite
 952   1, 81  |              9), "the will is in the ~reason." Therefore the will extends
 953   1, 81  |             must be, belongs to it by reason ~of something extrinsic,
 954   1, 81  |               principles than to ~the reason, which extends to opposite
 955   1, 81  |         masters of our own actions by reason of our being ~able to choose
 956   1, 81  |               of many kinds, for this reason the will is not ~of necessity
 957   1, 81  |           things with ~each other, as reason does: but it simply apprehends
 958   1, 81  |              determinate way. But the reason is a power that compares
 959   1, 81  |           Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: This reason is verified of the will
 960   1, 81  |              De Similitudinibus). The reason is, ~because wherever we
 961   1, 81  |               9) "that the will is in reason, while in ~the irrational
 962   1, 81  |               from ~a judgment of the reason. And in the same way the
 963   1, 82  |          because it judges, not ~from reason, but from natural instinct.
 964   1, 82  |             act of comparison in the ~reason, therefore he acts from
 965   1, 82  |       inclined to various things. For reason in contingent matters may ~
 966   1, 82  |               matters the judgment of reason may follow opposite courses,
 967   1, 82  |         appetite, though it obeys the reason, yet in a given case can
 968   1, 82  |          resist by ~desiring what the reason forbids. This is therefore
 969   1, 82  |                 not to desire against reason," as ~Augustine says.~Aquin.:
 970   1, 82  |            subject to the judgment of reason, ~which the lower appetite
 971   1, 82  |            subject to the judgment of reason. Such qualities, too, ~are
 972   1, 82  |       qualities, too, ~are subject to reason, as it is in our power either
 973   1, 82  |              faculty of the will and ~reason." But faculty denominates
 974   1, 82  |               are defined as that "by reason of ~which we are well or
 975   1, 82  |             the rational nature." But reason is a ~cognitive power. Therefore
 976   1, 82  |     proceeding from counsel." And the reason of this is because the ~
 977   1, 82  |             first, by the judgment of reason; secondly, by the ~acceptation
 978   1, 82  |           counsel, which is an act of reason. For though the appetite ~
 979   1, 82  |    apprehension we have intellect and reason, so on ~the part of the
 980   1, 82  |               any comparison. But to "reason," properly speaking, is
 981   1, 82  |                properly speaking, ~we reason about conclusions, which
 982   1, 82  |           that as the intellect is to reason, so is the will to the power
 983   1, 82  |             both to understand and to reason, even ~as it belongs to
 984   1, 82  |            also to understand ~and to reason, as we have said.~Aquin.:
 985   1, 83  |        substances, we cannot for that reason claim to form a judgment ~
 986   1, 83  |           know ~corporeal things. The reason of this diversity is that
 987   1, 83  |        remains in one place. For this reason ~there is nothing to hinder
 988   1, 83  |            knower, there ~would be no reason why things which have a
 989   1, 83  |     materially, but immaterially. The reason of this is, ~because the
 990   1, 83  |               understanding. For this reason Aristotle (De Anima iii, ~
 991   1, 83  |              moving upwards; for this reason did Plato hold that ~naturally
 992   1, 83  |               therefrom. And for this reason, as we have said above (
 993   1, 83  |            this opinion no sufficient reason can be assigned for the
 994   1, 83  |               body. ~Consequently the reason of the union of the soul
 995   1, 83  |        discharge of images." ~And the reason for this opinion was that
 996   1, 83  |              understanding. For ~this reason it is that when we wish
 997   1, 83  |                Body Para. 2/2~Now the reason of this is that the power
 998   1, 83  |          asleep, had free use of his ~reason and intellect. Therefore
 999   1, 84  |              knows man; and the same ~reason holds in comparing any more
1000   1, 84  |             others" (Phys. i, 1). The reason of this is ~clear: because