1-500 | 501-1000 | 1001-1500 | 1501-1688
Part, Question
1 1, 21 | concupiscence, fortitude with fear and ~daring, meekness with
2 1, 39 | and to be avoided, for fear of giving ~occasion to error.~
3 1, 59 | while anger, ~hope, and fear are in the irascible appetite.
4 1, 59 | fortitude regulates ~daring and fear, which reside in the irascible
5 1, 59 | of ~concupiscence, nor of fear and daring, to be regulated
6 1, 64 | sorrow is the cause of fear, for those things cause
7 1, 64 | for those things cause fear ~while they are future,
8 1, 64 | present. But ~there is no fear in the demons, according
9 1, 64 | 41:24, "Who was made to ~fear no one." Therefore there
10 1, 64 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, Fear, sorrow, joy, and the like,
11 1, 64 | evil, so also ~there is fear of future evil. Now when
12 1, 64 | is said, "He was made to fear ~no one," this is to be
13 1, 64 | to be understood of the fear of God which restrains from ~
14 1, 69 | written: "Will you not then fear Me, saith the Lord, who
15 1, 70 | heaven, which the heathens fear." Therefore the heavenly ~
16 1, 77 | fact, without the body, ~as fear and such like; and some
17 1, 39 | and to be avoided, for fear of giving ~occasion to error.~
18 1, 60 | while anger, ~hope, and fear are in the irascible appetite.
19 1, 60 | fortitude regulates ~daring and fear, which reside in the irascible
20 1, 60 | of ~concupiscence, nor of fear and daring, to be regulated
21 1, 65 | sorrow is the cause of fear, for those things cause
22 1, 65 | for those things cause fear ~while they are future,
23 1, 65 | present. But ~there is no fear in the demons, according
24 1, 65 | 41:24, "Who was made to ~fear no one." Therefore there
25 1, 65 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, Fear, sorrow, joy, and the like,
26 1, 65 | evil, so also ~there is fear of future evil. Now when
27 1, 65 | is said, "He was made to fear ~no one," this is to be
28 1, 65 | to be understood of the fear of God which restrains from ~
29 1, 70 | written: "Will you not then fear Me, saith the Lord, who
30 1, 71 | heaven, which the heathens fear." Therefore the heavenly ~
31 1, 76 | fact, without the body, ~as fear and such like; and some
32 1, 78 | contradiction, whilst in fear of the other. While to "
33 1, 80 | considerations, anger or fear or the like may be modified
34 1, 94 | others to what is evil, as ~fear and sorrow. And since in
35 1, 94 | evil as its object; such as fear, sorrow, and ~the like;
36 1, 94 | temperance, and immoderate fear by fortitude. But in the ~
37 1, 94 | with anger; fortitude with fear. But ~these passions did
38 1, 94 | by the passion; such as fear and sorrow. But passions
39 1, 94 | which relates not ~only to fear, but also to daring and
40 1, 94 | as ~moderating sorrow and fear.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[95] A[
41 1, 101 | keeper when there is no fear of ~trespass with violence.
42 1, 101 | in paradise there was no fear of trespass ~with violence.
43 1, 113 | Eliseus said to his servant: "Fear not, ~for there are more
44 2, 2 | attendants, whom he inspires with fear indeed, but whom he fears
45 2, 5 | necessity be ~troubled with the fear of losing it, or with the
46 2, 6 | involuntariness?~(6) Whether fear causes involuntariness?~(
47 2, 6 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear causes involuntariness simply?~
48 2, 6 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear causes involuntariness simply.
49 2, 6 | the will at the time, so ~fear regards a future evil which
50 2, 6 | involuntariness simply. Therefore fear too causes involuntariness ~
51 2, 6 | that which is done through fear, is ~involuntary in itself.
52 2, 6 | even with the addition of fear, it is ~involuntary.~Aquin.:
53 2, 6 | that which is done through fear, is absolutely involuntary;
54 2, 6 | that which is done through fear, is involuntary ~simply.~
55 2, 6 | things as are done through fear ~are "voluntary rather than
56 2, 6 | things are ~done through fear "are of a mixed character,"
57 2, 6 | that which is done through fear, considered in ~itself,
58 2, 6 | that which is done through fear, is in act ~in so far as
59 2, 6 | that which is done through fear is voluntary, inasmuch ~
60 2, 6 | during the storm, ~through fear of the danger: wherefore
61 2, 6 | that what is done out of fear is essentially ~voluntary,
62 2, 6 | consider what is ~done through fear, as outside this particular
63 2, 6 | consequently what is done through fear is involuntary, considered
64 2, 6 | OBJ 1: Things done through fear and compulsion differ not
65 2, 6 | whereas what is done through fear, becomes voluntary, ~because
66 2, 6 | in what ~is done through fear, the will does something.
67 2, 6 | exclude things ~done through fear, a violent action is defined
68 2, 6 | will of him that ~is in fear, does concur somewhat in
69 2, 6 | that which he does through fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[6] A[6]
70 2, 6 | That which is done through fear, is voluntary without any ~
71 2, 6 | that is to say, if such a fear ~were not threatening. Consequently,
72 2, 6 | involuntariness. For just ~as fear is a passion, so is concupiscence.
73 2, 6 | so is concupiscence. But fear causes ~involuntariness
74 2, 6 | as the timid man through fear acts counter to that ~which
75 2, 6 | through concupiscence. But ~fear causes involuntariness to
76 2, 6 | 1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Fear regards evil, but concupiscence
77 2, 6 | with the will. ~Therefore fear has a greater tendency than
78 2, 6 | OBJ 2: He who acts from fear retains the repugnance of
79 2, 6 | that which is done out of fear is involuntary, to a certain ~
80 2, 23 | faculty; such are daring, fear, hope and the like.~Aquin.:
81 2, 23 | Para. 1/1~On the contrary, Fear and daring are contrary
82 2, 23 | stated ~in Ethic. iii, 7. But fear and daring do not differ
83 2, 23 | belongs to the ~passion of "fear": but it also contains a
84 2, 23 | evil (as between hope ~and fear): and also contrariety according
85 2, 23 | term (as between daring and fear).~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[23] A[
86 2, 23 | not yet present we have "fear" and "daring." But in ~respect
87 2, 23 | viz. hope and despair, fear and daring, and anger which
88 2, 24 | rightly placed . . . For they ~fear to sin, they desire to persevere;
89 2, 24 | specifically evil, as hatred, fear and ~sadness. But this is
90 2, 24 | of "shame" which is base fear; and of "envy" which is
91 2, 25 | passions: because it follows fear; since we become ~sad when
92 2, 25 | arduous good. In like manner ~fear adds to aversion or detestation
93 2, 25 | movement of approach. But fear and despair imply ~withdrawal
94 2, 25 | towards ~something. Therefore fear and despair precede hope
95 2, 25 | is evil, ~viz. daring and fear: yet so that hope precedes
96 2, 25 | it were. In like manner fear, through being a movement ~
97 2, 25 | despair naturally precede ~fear and daring is evident from
98 2, 25 | despair are the reason for fear and ~daring: because daring
99 2, 25 | the hope of victory, and fear arises ~from the despair
100 2, 25 | hope ~and despair, third; fear and daring, fourth; anger,
101 2, 25 | hope precedes despair; fear precedes daring; and joy
102 2, 25 | joy, sadness, hope and ~fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[25] A[
103 2, 25 | that joy, sadness, hope and fear are not the four ~principal
104 2, 25 | joy and sadness, ~hope and fear should in no way be called
105 2, 25 | daring is caused by hope, so fear is caused by ~despair. Either,
106 2, 25 | stated in Ethic. ii, 5. Fear and ~hope are principal
107 2, 25 | to aversion, and ends in fear. Hence it is customary ~
108 2, 25 | regards future good, and fear, future evil.~Aquin.: SMT
109 2, 25 | provided that by hope and fear we understand the ~appetite'
110 2, 25 | and completion. And though fear and hope are not the last ~
111 2, 26 | what is ~contrary to it, is fear; and feeling what is contrary
112 2, 26 | concupiscible power; indeed, fear, which ~is mentioned in
113 2, 26 | Love is spoken of as being fear, joy, desire and sadness, ~
114 2, 29 | refrain from pleasure for fear of ~the whip, as Augustine
115 2, 30 | evil we apprehend makes us fear, the evil that is present ~
116 2, 30 | contrary to joy, ~so is fear contrary to concupiscence.
117 2, 30 | contrary to concupiscence. But fear is not in the ~concupiscible,
118 2, 30 | to ~good. But since, like fear, it regards the absent evil;
119 2, 30 | it goes ~by the name of fear, just as hope is sometimes
120 2, 30 | evil is ~called hope or fear, which regard good and evil
121 2, 31 | ailments, as also sadness and fear in the soul; yet some passions
122 2, 35 | eating and the like, from fear of the pain occasioned by
123 2, 35 | the greatest pleasures by fear of pain," which pain is ~
124 2, 36 | dreaded ~evil gives rise to fear, the present evil is the
125 2, 37 | understand learning" [Vulg: 'the fear ~of the Lord']. Consequently
126 2, 37 | simply harmful: such are fear and despair, and above all
127 2, 37 | one of life. Nevertheless fear and anger ~cause very great
128 2, 40 | Hope and despair; (2) ~Fear and daring; (3) Anger. Under
129 2, 40 | respect, hope differs from fear, which regards evil. Secondly,
130 2, 40 | contrary" (Metaph. x, 5). But fear is contrary to ~hope. Therefore
131 2, 40 | 1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Fear is contrary to hope, because
132 2, 40 | seems to be contrary to fear ~rather than to belong to
133 2, 41 | 41] Out. Para. 1/1 - OF FEAR, IN ITSELF (FOUR ARTICLES)~
134 2, 41 | consider, in the first place, fear; and, secondly, daring. ~
135 2, 41 | daring. ~With regard to fear, four things must be considered: (
136 2, 41 | must be considered: (1) Fear, in itself; ~(2) Its object; (
137 2, 41 | of inquiry:~(1) Whether fear is a passion of the soul?~(
138 2, 41 | of the soul?~(2) Whether fear is a special passion?~(3)
139 2, 41 | Whether there is a natural fear?~(4) Of the species of fear.~
140 2, 41 | fear?~(4) Of the species of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
141 2, 41 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is a passion of the soul? ~
142 2, 41 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is not a passion of the
143 2, 41 | Fide Orth. iii, 23) that "fear is a power, by way of ~{
144 2, 41 | Ethic. ii, 5. Therefore fear is ~not a passion.~Aquin.:
145 2, 41 | presence of an ~agent. But fear is not of something present,
146 2, 41 | Orth. ii, 12). Therefore fear is not a ~passion.~Aquin.:
147 2, 41 | the present. Since, then, fear is of ~future evil, it seems
148 2, 41 | Dei xiv, 5, seqq.) reckons fear ~among the other passions
149 2, 41 | the soul, after sorrow, fear ~chiefly has the character
150 2, 41 | Now it is evident that fear, since it regards evil, ~
151 2, 41 | the present evil: because fear ~regards future evil, which
152 2, 41 | for a future good, or to fear a future evil.~Aquin.: SMT
153 2, 41 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is a special passion?~Aquin.:
154 2, 41 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is not a special passion.
155 2, 41 | who is not distraught by fear, is ~neither harassed by
156 2, 41 | Wherefore it seems that, if ~fear be set aside, all the other
157 2, 41 | passions are removed. Therefore fear is ~not a special but a
158 2, 41 | special in the appetite. But fear is nothing but a kind of ~
159 2, 41 | 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, if fear were a special passion,
160 2, 41 | the irascible part. But fear is also in the concupiscible:
161 2, 41 | says (Rhet. ii, 5) that "fear is a kind of sorrow"; and ~
162 2, 41 | Fide Orth. iii, 23) that fear is "a power of desire": ~
163 2, 41 | Q[23], A[4]). Therefore fear is not a special passion,
164 2, 41 | Para. 1/1~On the contrary, Fear is condivided with the other
165 2, 41 | has a special object. Now ~fear has a special object, as
166 2, 41 | obtain; so the object of fear is ~a future evil, difficult
167 2, 41 | irresistible. Consequently fear is a special ~passion of
168 2, 41 | of this ~connection, when fear is put aside, the other
169 2, 41 | avoidance in the appetite is fear, but avoidance ~of a special
170 2, 41 | be something ~common, yet fear is a special passion.~Aquin.:
171 2, 41 | 3 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: Fear is nowise in the concupiscible:
172 2, 41 | concupiscible is ascribed to ~fear. For fear is called sorrow,
173 2, 41 | is ascribed to ~fear. For fear is called sorrow, in so
174 2, 41 | so far as the object of fear causes ~sorrow when present:
175 2, 41 | says (Rhet. ii, 5) that ~fear arises "from the representation
176 2, 41 | ascribed by Damascene to ~fear, because just as hope arises
177 2, 41 | from the desire of good, so fear arises ~from avoidance of
178 2, 41 | Whether there is a natural fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
179 2, 41 | that there is a natural fear. For Damascene says ~(De
180 2, 41 | that "there is a natural fear, through the soul ~refusing
181 2, 41 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, fear arises from love, as stated
182 2, 41 | there is also a natural fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
183 2, 41 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, fear is opposed to hope, as stated
184 2, 41 | Therefore there is also a fear of nature.~Aquin.: SMT FS
185 2, 41 | animate and ~inanimate. But fear is not in things inanimate.
186 2, 41 | Therefore there is no ~natural fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
187 2, 41 | that there is a natural fear; and it is ~distinguished
188 2, 41 | distinguished from non-natural fear, by reason of the diversity
189 2, 41 | Rhet. ii, 5), there is a fear of ~"corruptive evil," which
190 2, 41 | desire to exist; and such fear is said to be natural. Again,
191 2, 41 | natural. Again, there is a ~fear of "painful evil," which
192 2, 41 | of the appetite; and such fear is not natural. In this
193 2, 41 | of some ~difficulty; and fear shrinks from repelling a
194 2, 41 | 1~Whether the species of fear is suitably assigned?~Aquin.:
195 2, 41 | seem that six species of fear are unsuitably assigned
196 2, 41 | Philosopher says ~(Rhet. ii, 5), "fear regards a saddening evil."
197 2, 41 | Therefore the species of ~fear should correspond to the
198 2, 41 | only be four species of fear corresponding to them.~Aquin.:
199 2, 41 | own is in our ~power. But fear regards an evil that surpasses
200 2, 41 | be reckoned as species of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
201 2, 41 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, fear is of the future, as stated
202 2, 41 | shame is not a species of ~fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
203 2, 41 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 4: Further, fear is only of evil. But amazement
204 2, 41 | stupor are not species of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
205 2, 41 | beginning of Metaphysics. But fear leads to ~flight rather
206 2, 41 | amazement is not a species of ~fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
207 2, 41 | As stated above (A[2]), fear regards a future evil which ~
208 2, 41 | he has a twofold evil to fear. First, ~there is the toil
209 2, 41 | man shrinks from work for fear of too much toil. Secondly, ~
210 2, 41 | misfortunes are feared, and fear of this kind is called "
211 2, 41 | correspond with these species of fear, which are derived ~from
212 2, 41 | division of the object of fear itself.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
213 2, 41 | are reckoned as species of fear. ~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
214 2, 41 | deed may be the occasion of fear of future ~reproach or disgrace:
215 2, 41 | sense shame is a species of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[41] A[
216 2, 41 | and stupor are species of fear, but ~that amazement which
217 2, 42 | 1/1 - OF THE OBJECT OF FEAR (SIX ARTICLES)~We must now
218 2, 42 | now consider the object of fear: under which head there
219 2, 42 | or evil is the object of fear?~(2) Whether evil of nature
220 2, 42 | nature is the object of fear?~(3) Whether the evil of
221 2, 42 | evil of sin is an object of fear?~(4) Whether fear itself
222 2, 42 | object of fear?~(4) Whether fear itself can be feared?~(5)
223 2, 42 | 1~Whether the object of fear is good or evil?~Aquin.:
224 2, 42 | that good is the object of fear. For Augustine says ~(QQ.
225 2, 42 | QQ. 83, qu. 83) that "we fear nothing save to lose what
226 2, 42 | love ~is good. Therefore fear regards good as its proper
227 2, 42 | Therefore good is the object of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
228 2, 42 | But we are commanded to ~fear God, according to Ps. 33:
229 2, 42 | according to Ps. 33:10: "Fear the Lord, all ye saints." ~
230 2, 42 | the good is an object of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
231 2, 42 | Fide Orth. ii, 12) that fear is of ~future evil.~Aquin.:
232 2, 42 | Para. 1/5~I answer that, Fear is a movement of the appetitive
233 2, 42 | object. Wherefore, since fear implies an avoidance, ~in
234 2, 42 | that there ~is no cause for fear, save loss of the good we
235 2, 42 | desired good; so also does fear regard two things, namely, ~
236 2, 42 | corporal. In this way, too, we fear the ~power of man; especially
237 2, 42 | of nature is an object of fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
238 2, 42 | nature is not an object of fear. For ~the Philosopher says (
239 2, 42 | says (Rhet. ii, 5) that "fear makes us take counsel."
240 2, 42 | nature is not an object of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
241 2, 42 | evils were an object of fear, man ~would needs be always
242 2, 42 | would needs be always in fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
243 2, 42 | such like evils ~through fear thereof, this is not an
244 2, 42 | nature. Therefore natural ~fear is not of the evil of nature;
245 2, 42 | Philosopher says (Rhet. ii, 5), fear is caused by ~the "imagination
246 2, 42 | nature can be the object of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
247 2, 42 | certain extent not. For since fear arises "from ~the imagination
248 2, 42 | the future evil, removes fear also. ~Now it may happen
249 2, 42 | Hence we either ~do not fear it, or fear it but little;
250 2, 42 | either ~do not fear it, or fear it but little; for, as the
251 2, 42 | Rhet. ii, 5), "we do not fear things that are very far
252 2, 42 | like evils, when present; fear when ~threatening in the
253 2, 42 | evil of sin is an object of fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
254 2, 42 | sin can be an object of fear. For ~Augustine says on
255 2, 42 | Tract. ix), that "by ~chaste fear man fears to be severed
256 2, 42 | sin can be an object of ~fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
257 2, 42 | Tusc. iv, 4,6) that "we fear when ~they are yet to come,
258 2, 42 | Therefore one can also fear the evil of sin.~Aquin.:
259 2, 42 | Further, hope is contrary to fear. But the good of virtue
260 2, 42 | another mind." Therefore fear can regard evil of sin.~
261 2, 42 | Further, shame is a kind of fear, as stated above (Q[41],
262 2, 42 | evil of sin. Therefore ~fear does so likewise.~Aquin.:
263 2, 42 | obtain, so the object ~of fear is a future evil, arduous
264 2, 42 | will, is ~not an object of fear; and that nothing gives
265 2, 42 | that nothing gives rise to fear save what is ~due to an
266 2, 42 | speaking, is not an object ~of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
267 2, 42 | that respect a man ~may fear the evil of sin, in so far
268 2, 42 | it is not an object ~of fear to him.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
269 2, 42 | Reply OBJ 2: Sorrow and fear agree in one point, since
270 2, 42 | about ~present evil, whereas fear is future evil. Secondly,
271 2, 42 | great or small; whereas fear, being in the ~irascible
272 2, 42 | they are ~present, make us fear when they are yet to come,
273 2, 42 | power. On the other hand, fear is of ~an evil that does
274 2, 42 | ad 2,3), shame is not fear of ~the very act of sin,
275 2, 42 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear itself can be feared?~Aquin.:
276 2, 42 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear cannot be feared. For whatever
277 2, 42 | from being lost, through fear thereof: thus a man who
278 2, 42 | therefore a ~man be afraid of fear, he will keep himself from
279 2, 42 | he will keep himself from fear by being afraid: ~which
280 2, 42 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, fear is a kind of flight. But
281 2, 42 | from itself. ~Therefore fear cannot be the object of
282 2, 42 | cannot be the object of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
283 2, 42 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, fear is about the future. But
284 2, 42 | is about the future. But fear is present to him ~that
285 2, 42 | cannot be the object of his fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
286 2, 42 | in like manner, he can fear his own fear.~Aquin.: SMT
287 2, 42 | manner, he can fear his own fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
288 2, 42 | nothing can be an object of fear, ~save what is due to an
289 2, 42 | from ~our own will. Now fear partly arises from an extrinsic
290 2, 42 | sense it is possible for fear to be the object of fear,
291 2, 42 | fear to be the object of fear, i.e. a man ~may fear lest
292 2, 42 | of fear, i.e. a man ~may fear lest he should be threatened
293 2, 42 | wherefore man is able to drive ~fear away. In this sense fear
294 2, 42 | fear away. In this sense fear cannot be the object of
295 2, 42 | cannot be the object of fear, as Augustine ~says (QQ.
296 2, 42 | in order to prove that fear cannot be at all be the
297 2, 42 | at all be the object of fear, we ~must add a solution
298 2, 42 | 1~Reply OBJ 1: Not every fear is identically the same;
299 2, 42 | to the various objects of fear. Nothing, then, prevents
300 2, 42 | fearing another, so ~that the fear which he has preserves him
301 2, 42 | has preserves him from the fear which he has not.~Aquin.:
302 2, 42 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Since fear of an imminent evil is not
303 2, 42 | not identical with the ~fear of the fear of imminent
304 2, 42 | identical with the ~fear of the fear of imminent evil; it does
305 2, 42 | of the various kinds of fear already alluded to ~(ad
306 2, 42 | ad 2) a man's present fear may have a future fear for
307 2, 42 | present fear may have a future fear for its object.~Aquin.:
308 2, 42 | is about good things, so fear is about evil ~things. But
309 2, 42 | Therefore it also adds to fear in evil things.~Aquin.:
310 2, 42 | about a thing, the more we fear it; hence the Philosopher ~
311 2, 42 | says (Confess. ii, 6): "Fear is startled at ~things unwonted
312 2, 42 | 41], A[2]), the object of fear ~is an imminent evil, which
313 2, 42 | Tusc. ~iii, 30); so, too, fear of a future evil is diminished
314 2, 42 | same reason, to diminish fear, since fear is ~about an
315 2, 42 | to diminish fear, since fear is ~about an evil which
316 2, 42 | hope, so does it diminish fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
317 2, 42 | that evil inspires greater fear through being much thought
318 2, 42 | Because it is a condition of fear, that there ~be some hope
319 2, 42 | answer that, The object of fear is evil: consequently whatever
320 2, 42 | conduces to the increase of fear. Now evil is increased ~
321 2, 42 | they inspire the greatest fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[42] A[
322 2, 42 | hope and consequently to fear; wherefore we do not speak
323 2, 43 | Para. 1/1 - OF THE CAUSE OF FEAR (TWO ARTICLES)~We must now
324 2, 43 | now consider the cause of fear: under which head there
325 2, 43 | Whether love is the cause of fear?~(2) Whether defect is the
326 2, 43 | Whether defect is the cause of fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
327 2, 43 | Whether love is the cause of fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
328 2, 43 | love is not the cause of fear. For that which ~leads to
329 2, 43 | thing is its cause. But "fear leads to the love of charity"
330 2, 43 | Tract. ix). Therefore ~fear is the cause of love, and
331 2, 43 | than love him. ~Therefore fear is caused by hate rather
332 2, 43 | inmost heart. Therefore fear is not caused by ~love.~
333 2, 43 | that there is no cause for fear save the loss of what we
334 2, 43 | hope for." Therefore all ~fear is caused by our loving
335 2, 43 | consequently love is the ~cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
336 2, 43 | question, the object of fear is ~something reckoned as
337 2, 43 | cause of the object of fear, and, consequently, of fear
338 2, 43 | fear, and, consequently, of fear itself. While ~that which
339 2, 43 | evil to him, ~is a cause of fear and of its object, by way
340 2, 43 | thus it is that love causes fear: since it is through his
341 2, 43 | stated above (Q[42], A[1]), fear, of itself and in the ~first
342 2, 43 | some loved good: and thus fear, of itself, is born of love.
343 2, 43 | sometimes, accidentally, fear gives rise to love; in so
344 2, 43 | for ~instance, through fear of God's punishments, man
345 2, 43 | feared: whereas love causes fear by way of material ~disposition,
346 2, 43 | Whether defect is the cause of fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
347 2, 43 | defect is not a cause of fear. Because those ~who are
348 2, 43 | defect is not a cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
349 2, 43 | extreme. But such like do not fear as stated in Rhet. ii, 5.
350 2, 43 | defect is not a cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
351 2, 43 | But "those ~who contend fear those who contend with them" (
352 2, 43 | defect is not a cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
353 2, 43 | friends, and power drive fear away" (Rhet. ii, ~5). Therefore
354 2, 43 | Rhet. ii, ~5). Therefore fear is caused by lack of these.~
355 2, 43 | As stated above (A[1]), fear may be set down to a twofold ~
356 2, 43 | of itself, the cause of ~fear: for it is owing to some
357 2, 43 | And yet, in order to cause fear, this defect ~must be according
358 2, 43 | the defect which causes fear of a ~future evil, is less
359 2, 43 | themselves, the cause ~of fear: because it is owing to
360 2, 43 | that some defect causes fear accidentally, in ~so far
361 2, 43 | is true of the cause of fear, on the part of ~the efficient
362 2, 43 | exceeds the measure ~of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[43] A[
363 2, 44 | 1/1 - OF THE EFFECTS OF FEAR (FOUR ARTICLES)~We must
364 2, 44 | consider the effects of fear: under which head there
365 2, 44 | of inquiry:~(1) Whether fear causes contraction?~(2)
366 2, 44 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear causes contraction?~Aquin.:
367 2, 44 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear does not cause contraction.
368 2, 44 | who ~are afraid. Therefore fear does not cause contraction.~
369 2, 44 | are in pain. But those who fear utter nothing: on the ~contrary
370 2, 44 | their speech. Therefore fear does not cause ~contraction.~
371 2, 44 | Further, shame is a kind of fear, as stated above (Q[41],
372 2, 44 | contraction ~is not an effect of fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[44] A[
373 2, 44 | Fide Orth. ii, 23) that "fear is a ~power according to {
374 2, 44 | appetitive movement of the soul, fear implies a certain ~contraction:
375 2, 44 | reason of which is that fear arises from the imagination ~
376 2, 44 | imagination ~that causes fear there ensues a certain contraction
377 2, 44 | city, when ~seized with fear, leave the outskirts, and,
378 2, 44 | appetite of the soul, that in fear a similar contraction ~of
379 2, 44 | although in ~those who fear, the vital spirits recede
380 2, 44 | above (ad ~1): wherefore fear hinders speech which ensues
381 2, 44 | the result being ~that fear makes its subject speechless.
382 2, 44 | speechless. For this reason, too, fear "makes ~its subject tremble,"
383 2, 44 | Consequently in such like fear, there is ~contraction not
384 2, 44 | that "those who are in ~fear of death turn pale" (Ethic.
385 2, 44 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear makes one suitable for counsel? ~
386 2, 44 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear does not make one suitable
387 2, 44 | hindrance ~thereto. But fear hinders counsel: because
388 2, 44 | use of reason. Therefore fear does not ~make a man suitable
389 2, 44 | the future. But a certain fear "drives away all ~thought,
390 2, 44 | Tusc. ~iv, 8). Therefore fear does not conduce to counsel,
391 2, 44 | good things. But whereas fear is of ~evil to be avoided,
392 2, 44 | be obtained. Therefore ~fear is not more conducive to
393 2, 44 | says (Rhet. ii, 5) that "fear makes men ~of counsel."~
394 2, 44 | to take counsel. And thus fear makes men of ~counsel. Because,
395 2, 44 | and in this sense, neither fear nor any passion makes men
396 2, 44 | by it. Consequently, when fear is intense, man ~does indeed
397 2, 44 | counsel. If, however, the fear be slight, so as to make
398 2, 44 | says in Ethic. iii, 3. ~But fear incites to counsel more
399 2, 44 | possible of attainment; whereas fear is of evil things, ~as being
400 2, 44 | difficult to repel, so that fear regards the aspect of ~difficulty
401 2, 44 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear makes one tremble?~Aquin.:
402 2, 44 | trembling is not an effect of fear. Because ~trembling is occasioned
403 2, 44 | cold person ~trembles. Now fear does not seem to make one
404 2, 44 | whereof is that those who fear are thirsty, ~especially
405 2, 44 | thirsty, ~especially if their fear be very great, as in the
406 2, 44 | to execution. Therefore fear does not cause trembling.~
407 2, 44 | evacuations are often caused by ~fear. Therefore fear apparently
408 2, 44 | caused by ~fear. Therefore fear apparently causes heat;
409 2, 44 | 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, in fear, the heat is withdrawn from
410 2, 44 | withdrawn thus; it seems that fear should ~cause this trembling
411 2, 44 | the body is not caused by fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[44] A[
412 2, 44 | Quaest. Tusc. iv, 8) that "fear is ~followed by trembling,
413 2, 44 | stated above (A[1]), in fear there takes place a ~certain
414 2, 44 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: In fear, heat abandons the heart,
415 2, 44 | resides. Hence those who fear tremble especially in their
416 2, 44 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear hinders action?~Aquin.:
417 2, 44 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear hinders action. For action
418 2, 44 | which directs action. But fear ~disturbs reason, as stated
419 2, 44 | above (A[2]). Therefore fear hinders action.~Aquin.:
420 2, 44 | OBJ 2: Further, those who fear while doing anything, are
421 2, 44 | aloft, easily falls through ~fear; whereas, if he were to
422 2, 44 | being afraid. Therefore fear hinders action.~Aquin.:
423 2, 44 | laziness or sloth is a kind of fear. But laziness ~hinders action.
424 2, 44 | hinders action. Therefore fear does too.~Aquin.: SMT FS
425 2, 44 | says (Phil. 2:12): "With fear and trembling ~work out
426 2, 44 | he would not say this if fear were a ~hindrance to a good
427 2, 44 | to a good work. Therefore fear does not hinder a good action.~
428 2, 44 | the bodily instruments, fear, considered in itself, ~
429 2, 44 | being deprived, through fear, of their heat. But on the
430 2, 44 | part of ~the soul, if the fear be moderate, without much
431 2, 44 | attention. ~If, however, fear increases so much as to
432 2, 44 | the soul. But of such a fear the Apostle does ~not speak.~
433 2, 44 | his imagination, through fear of the fall that is pictured ~
434 2, 44 | Reply OBJ 3: Everyone in fear shuns that which he fears:
435 2, 44 | therefore, ~since laziness is a fear of work itself as being
436 2, 44 | withdrawing the will from it. But fear of other things conduces ~
437 2, 45 | Whether daring is contrary to fear?~(2) How is daring related
438 2, 45 | Whether daring is contrary to fear?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
439 2, 45 | daring is not contrary to fear. For Augustine ~says (QQ.
440 2, 45 | virtue. Since, therefore, fear is not a virtue but a passion,
441 2, 45 | daring is not contrary to fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
442 2, 45 | But hope is contrary ~to fear. Therefore daring is not
443 2, 45 | daring is not contrary to fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
444 2, 45 | excludes its opposite. But fear excludes ~safety; for Augustine
445 2, 45 | says (Confess. ii, 6) that "fear takes forethought ~for safety."
446 2, 45 | Therefore safety is contrary to fear. Therefore daring is ~not
447 2, 45 | daring is ~not contrary to fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
448 2, 45 | daring is ~contrary to fear."~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
449 2, 45 | is ~farthest removed from fear, is daring: since fear turns
450 2, 45 | from fear, is daring: since fear turns away from the ~future
451 2, 45 | that daring is contrary to fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[45] A[
452 2, 45 | good and evil, and thus fear is ~contrary to hope: the
453 2, 45 | thus daring is contrary to fear, and despair contrary to ~
454 2, 45 | denote something contrary to fear, but ~merely the exclusion
455 2, 45 | merely the exclusion of fear: for he is said to be safe,
456 2, 45 | Wherefore safety is opposed to fear, as a privation: while daring
457 2, 45 | as daring is contrary to fear, so is despair ~contrary
458 2, 45 | despair ~contrary to hope. But fear does not ensue from despair:
459 2, 45 | fact, despair ~excludes fear, as the Philosopher says (
460 2, 45 | hope, avoidance of evil to fear, the pursuit of the fearful ~
461 2, 45 | the threatening object of fear, that one attacks it boldly. ~
462 2, 45 | But despair results from fear: since the reason why a
463 2, 45 | hope precedes daring, ~so fear precedes despair. And just
464 2, 45 | precedes despair. And just as fear does not always lead to ~
465 2, 45 | turns away from, while ~fear regards the conjoined evil.
466 2, 45 | effect, not a part, ~of fear. For this reason, too, daring
467 2, 45 | hope and is ~contrary to fear: wherefore whatever is naturally
468 2, 45 | to cause hope or ~banish fear, is a cause of daring. Since,
469 2, 45 | daring. Since, however, fear and hope, and ~also daring,
470 2, 45 | raising hope, or by banishing fear; in ~one way, in the part
471 2, 45 | Philosopher says (Rhet. ii, 5). Fear ~is banished, in this way,
472 2, 45 | of threatening causes of fear; ~for instance, by the fact
473 2, 45 | hope and the banishment of fear, by those things which ~
474 2, 45 | heat in the heart banishes fear and raises hope, by ~reason
475 2, 45 | removal of the cause of fear gives ~rise to daring.~Aquin.:
476 2, 45 | Because trembling is caused by fear, which is ~contrary to daring,
477 2, 45 | rise to hope and banishing fear, as ~stated above (A[3]).~
478 2, 46 | hound in anger, the hare in fear, and so forth. On the part
479 2, 50 | untamed beasts, deterred by fear of pain, from that wherein
480 2, 59 | is slightly startled by fear, ~or depressed with sorrow,"
481 2, 59 | mirth, "joy"; instead of fear, ~"caution." But they denied
482 2, 59 | about ~evil present, whereas fear is for evil to come: even
483 2, 60 | namely, fortitude, about fear and daring; ~temperance,
484 2, 60 | contrary, Fortitude is about fear and daring; temperance about ~
485 2, 60 | such as joy and sorrow, fear ~and daring, and so on.
486 2, 60 | different things: for daring and fear are ~about some great danger;
487 2, 60 | passions; fortitude, about fear and ~daring; magnanimity,
488 2, 61 | of reason, e.g. through fear of danger or toil: and ~
489 2, 61 | a man to be unbroken by fear, and yet vanquished by cupidity;
490 2, 61 | selling; fortitude, about fear; temperance, about desires;
491 2, 62 | Ecclus. 2:8, seqq.): "Ye that fear the Lord ~believe Him,"
492 2, 67 | matters of food and sex; ~nor fear and daring about dangers
493 2, 67 | opposite assertions with fear of the other, so that ~our
494 2, 67 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, fear is opposed to hope. But
495 2, 67 | is opposed to hope. But fear remains after this ~life:
496 2, 67 | in the Blessed, filial fear, which abides for ever -
497 2, 67 | ever - in the lost, ~the fear of punishment. Therefore,
498 2, 67 | 2 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Fear is twofold, servile and
499 2, 67 | SS, Q[19], A[2]). Servile fear regards punishment, and
500 2, 67 | of being punished. Filial fear has two acts: one is an
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