1-500 | 501-1000 | 1001-1500 | 1501-1688
Part, Question
501 2, 67 | the other is ~an act of fear lest we be separated from
502 2, 67 | enjoy abundance without fear of evils." Now fear is opposed
503 2, 67 | without fear of evils." Now fear is opposed to hope ~by opposition
504 2, 67 | 1]~), and therefore the fear which will remain in glory
505 2, 67 | In the lost there can be fear of punishment, rather than
506 2, 67 | which ~is the object of fear: but the glory of the saints
507 2, 67 | neither in the lost is there fear. For, as stated above (Q[
508 2, 67 | stated above (Q[42], ~A[2]), fear is never without some hope
509 2, 67 | Consequently neither will there be fear in them; except ~speaking
510 2, 67 | of future evil is ~called fear.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[67] A[
511 2, 68 | the gifts there are some, fear, for ~instance, that are
512 2, 68 | viz. fortitude, ~piety and fear; they held that the gifts
513 2, 68 | hardness of our heart, and fear against pride." But a sufficient ~
514 2, 68 | to be the highest, and ~fear the lowest. Now each of
515 2, 68 | dwelleth ~with wisdom"; and of fear (Ecclus. 1:28): "He that
516 2, 68 | 28): "He that is without fear cannot ~be justified." Therefore
517 2, 68 | even as God is an object of fear, so is He of love, of ~hope,
518 2, 68 | passions condivided with ~fear. Therefore, as fear is set
519 2, 68 | with ~fear. Therefore, as fear is set down as a gift, so
520 2, 68 | the purpose of directing fear. Therefore ~the seven gifts
521 2, 68 | fortitude" against the fear of dangers; and against
522 2, 68 | lust for ~pleasures, by "fear," according to Prov. 15:
523 2, 68 | to Prov. 15:27: "By the fear of the Lord ~every one declineth
524 2, 68 | Thou my flesh ~with Thy fear: for I am afraid of Thy
525 2, 68 | moves them. The gift of fear ~corresponds, in a manner,
526 2, 68 | it belong to the gift ~of fear, to withdraw man from evil
527 2, 68 | from evil pleasures through fear of God.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
528 2, 68 | other hand, the object of fear is evil, which can nowise
529 2, 68 | nowise apply to God: ~hence fear does not denote union with
530 2, 68 | affections, the gift of fear. Because ~the principal
531 2, 68 | gifts, at least the gift of fear, accompany faith. Therefore
532 2, 68 | has these virtues with it, fear ~itself rises up to the
533 2, 68 | fortitude . . . has no ~fear of adversity . . . piety
534 2, 68 | but fellowship of joy. Of fear he say that ~"it oppresses
535 2, 68 | Now God requires of man fear, more ~than the other gifts:
536 2, 68 | require of thee, but that thou fear the Lord ~thy God?" and (
537 2, 68 | be a master, where is My fear?" ~Therefore it seems that
538 2, 68 | Therefore it seems that fear, which is mentioned last,
539 2, 68 | than piety, ~fortitude, and fear; and among the latter, piety
540 2, 68 | fortitude, and ~fortitude fear, even as justice surpasses
541 2, 68 | 1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Fear is chiefly required as being
542 2, 68 | the other gifts, for "the fear of the Lord is ~the beginning
543 2, 68 | from evil on account of fear (Prov. 16:16), before doing
544 2, 68 | rashness, counsel; against fear, fortitude; ~against ignorance,
545 2, 68 | piety; against ~piety, fear." Therefore the virtues
546 2, 68 | become distorted; and lest fear, while it is unduly alarmed,
547 2, 69 | connected with the active ~life, fear is said to be connected
548 2, 69 | mourning to the gift of fear, whereby man ~withdraws
549 2, 72 | every sin is due either to fear inducing false ~humility,
550 2, 72 | sins can proceed: thus from fear ~engendering false humility
551 2, 73 | e.g. ~weakness, violence, fear, or the like), diminish
552 2, 77 | us to undue ardor or to fear inducing false humility."
553 2, 77 | admits, ~as its cause, fear which pertains to avoidance
554 2, 78 | hope of eternal life, or fear ~of hell, if hope give place
555 2, 78 | give place to despair, or fear to presumption, he will ~
556 2, 79 | 27: "A hard heart shall fear evil at the last." ~Therefore
557 2, 84 | of ~which, viz. hope and fear, are not mentioned among
558 2, 84 | 2 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Fear and hope are irascible passions.
559 2, 87 | deterred from crime through fear of the punishment, according
560 2, 87 | a ~warning to them that fear Thee, that they may flee
561 2, 91 | custom, were sanctioned by fear and reverence for the law."~
562 2, 91 | This the Old Law did by the fear of punishment: but the New ~
563 2, 91 | words 'timor' ~and 'amor' - 'fear' and 'love.'] between the
564 2, 91 | the Law and the Gospel - fear ~and love."~Aquin.: SMT
565 2, 92 | sometimes it is through fear of punishment, and ~sometimes
566 2, 92 | the law, merely through fear of ~being punished, is not
567 2, 92 | be done ~through servile fear, i.e. fear of punishment,
568 2, 92 | through servile fear, i.e. fear of punishment, it is not
569 2, 92 | indifferent. And it is the fear of punishment that law makes
570 2, 92 | fulfill what is ~good, through fear of punishment, one is sometimes
571 2, 93 | from evil deeds, ~through fear of punishment threatened
572 2, 95 | Laws were made that in ~fear thereof human audacity might
573 2, 95 | restrained from evil by force and fear, in order that, at least,
574 2, 95 | what hitherto they did from fear, and thus become virtuous.
575 2, 95 | training, which compels through fear of punishment, is the ~discipline
576 2, 95 | custom, were sanctioned by fear and reverence ~for the laws."~
577 2, 96 | made in order that, in ~fear thereof, man's audacity
578 2, 99 | to subject man to God by fear and ~love: hence it is written (
579 2, 99 | require of thee, but that thou fear the Lord thy God, and ~walk
580 2, 100 | Law is called "the law of fear," in so far as it ~induced
581 2, 100 | the law ~compels through fear of punishment, as stated
582 2, 102 | was no longer reason to fear these occasions of idolatry.
583 2, 102 | worshipping God through fear of ~coming in contact with
584 2, 105 | God's Law, and should ever fear and obey God. Moreover,
585 2, 105 | this affection they ~would fear death all the more, and
586 2, 105 | strange ~nations, through fear of their losing their faith;
587 2, 107 | words 'timor' and 'amor'] - "fear ~and love." But the New
588 2, 107 | was called ~the "law of fear," inasmuch as it induced
589 2, 107 | from ~some sins through fear of being punished, his will
590 2, 107 | virtuous action ~by the fear of punishment and by temporal
591 2, 111 | counsel, piety, fortitude, and fear, as stated ~above (Q[68],
592 2, 112 | speaking there of chaste fear, which is not apart from
593 2, 112 | experimentally that he ~had the fear of God. Or it may refer
594 2, 113 | by other things, viz. by fear, of which it is written (
595 2, 113 | written (Ecclus. 1:27): ~"The fear of the Lord driveth out
596 2, 113 | for he that is without fear cannot ~be justified"; and
597 2, 113 | hence an act of filial fear and an ~act of humility
598 2, 113 | is the soul's outpouring; fear is the soul's flight; ~your
599 2, 114 | is no want ~to them that fear Him," and again, Ps. 36:
600 2, 1 | accompanied by doubt or fear of the opposite side, there
601 2, 1 | there be certainty and no fear of the other side, ~there
602 2, 2 | incline to one side yet with fear of the ~other, as in one
603 2, 3 | is sometimes deterred by fear or some kind of ~confusion,
604 2, 3 | which ~moderates daring and fear, not to be deterred from
605 2, 3 | account ~of confusion or fear. Therefore it seems that
606 2, 3 | confession of faith, viz. fear ~or shame, is not the proper
607 2, 4 | fortitude removes the inordinate fear that hinders faith; humility ~
608 2, 7 | of inquiry:~(1) Whether fear is an effect of faith?~(
609 2, 7 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is an effect of faith?~Aquin.:
610 2, 7 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is not an effect of faith.
611 2, 7 | not precede its cause. Now fear precedes faith: for it is
612 2, 7 | Ecclus. 2:8): "Ye that fear the Lord, believe in Him."
613 2, 7 | believe in Him." Therefore fear is ~not an effect of faith.~
614 2, 7 | cause of contraries. Now fear ~and hope are contraries,
615 2, 7 | observes on Mt. 1:2. Therefore fear is not an ~effect of faith.~
616 2, 7 | Truth, while the object of fear is an ~evil, as stated above (
617 2, 7 | faith is not a cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[7] A[1]
618 2, 7 | Para. 1/2~I answer that, Fear is a movement of the appetitive
619 2, 7 | consequently the principle of fear and ~of every appetitive
620 2, 7 | faith is a cause of the fear whereby one dreads to be
621 2, 7 | God; ~and this is servile fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[7] A[1]
622 2, 7 | also the cause of filial fear, whereby one dreads to be
623 2, 7 | equalled. Of the first ~fear, viz. servile fear, lifeless
624 2, 7 | first ~fear, viz. servile fear, lifeless faith is the cause,
625 2, 7 | the second, viz. filial fear, because it makes man adhere ~
626 2, 7 | 1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Fear of God cannot altogether
627 2, 7 | teaches us, we should nowise fear Him. If, ~however, faith
628 2, 7 | excellence, then reverential fear follows, the ~result of
629 2, 7 | while it is the cause of fear, in so far as it makes us
630 2, 7 | faith can be the cause of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[7] A[2]
631 2, 8 | viz. piety, fortitude, and fear, is evident, since ~the
632 2, 10 | convincing examples. Because fear of the law was so profitable, ~
633 2, 10 | to your ~masters with all fear, not only to the good and
634 2, 10 | Yet, if there be reason to fear that the ~faithful will
635 2, 11 | commit ~evils without any fear."~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[11] A[
636 2, 12 | blaspheming now, on account of the fear of ~future punishment. But
637 2, 12 | from blasphemy through ~fear of punishment which they
638 2, 13 | removed by ~despair, and fear by presumption, and so on,
639 2, 13 | removed by "despair"; ~and by fear, arising from the consideration
640 2, 13 | that ~punishes sins, which fear is removed by "presumption,"
641 2, 15 | Ecclus. 2:8): "Ye that fear the ~Lord, believe Him."
642 2, 15 | hence it begins, "Ye that fear the Lord," which is ~not
643 2, 16 | itself; (2) ~the gift of fear; (3) the contrary vices; (
644 2, 16 | led to love God, through fear of being punished by Him
645 2, 18 | Para. 1/1 - OF THE GIFT OF FEAR (TWELVE ARTICLES)~We must
646 2, 18 | now consider the gift of fear, about which there are twelve ~
647 2, 18 | 2) Of the division of fear into filial, initial, servile
648 2, 18 | worldly;~(3) Whether worldly fear is always evil?~(4) Whether
649 2, 18 | evil?~(4) Whether servile fear is good?~(5) Whether it
650 2, 18 | substantially the same as filial fear?~(6) Whether servile fear
651 2, 18 | fear?~(6) Whether servile fear departs when charity comes?~(
652 2, 18 | charity comes?~(7) Whether fear is the beginning of wisdom?~(
653 2, 18 | wisdom?~(8) Whether initial fear is substantially the same
654 2, 18 | substantially the same as filial fear?~(9) Whether fear is a gift
655 2, 18 | filial fear?~(9) Whether fear is a gift of the Holy Ghost?~(
656 2, 18 | feared. For the object of fear ~is a future evil, as stated
657 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, fear is opposed to hope. Now
658 2, 18 | God. Therefore ~we cannot fear Him at the same time.~Aquin.:
659 2, 18 | states (Rhet. ii, 5), "we fear those ~things whence evil
660 2, 18 | Jer. 10:7): "Who shall not fear Thee, O ~King of nations?"
661 2, 18 | be a master, where is My fear?"~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
662 2, 18 | one hopes for, so, too, ~fear may have two objects, one
663 2, 18 | cannot be an ~object of fear; but He can be an object
664 2, 18 | but He can be an object of fear in the second way, in so ~
665 2, 18 | considers the object of fear as being the ~evil which
666 2, 18 | His justice gives rise to fear, ~but the consideration
667 2, 18 | object of both hope and fear, but under different ~aspects.~
668 2, 18 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is fittingly divided into
669 2, 18 | initial, servile and ~worldly fear? ~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
670 2, 18 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is unfittingly divided into
671 2, 18 | initial, servile and worldly fear. For Damascene says (De
672 2, 18 | that there are six kinds of fear, viz. "laziness, shamefacedness," ~
673 2, 18 | Therefore this division of fear ~seems unfitting.~Aquin.:
674 2, 18 | or evil. But there is ~a fear, viz. natural fear, which
675 2, 18 | is ~a fear, viz. natural fear, which is neither morally
676 2, 18 | 14:33, Jesus ~"began to fear and be heavy." Therefore
677 2, 18 | the aforesaid division of fear is ~insufficient.~Aquin.:
678 2, 18 | servant to master. Now filial ~fear, which is that of the son
679 2, 18 | is distinct ~from servile fear, which is that of the servant
680 2, 18 | master. Therefore chaste fear, which seems to be that
681 2, 18 | Further, even as servile fear fears punishment, so do
682 2, 18 | do initial and ~worldly fear. Therefore no distinction
683 2, 18 | is about some good, so is fear ~about some evil. Now "concupiscence
684 2, 18 | pleasure. Therefore "worldly fear," ~whereby one fears to
685 2, 18 | is distinct from "human fear," ~whereby one fears harm
686 2, 18 | that, We are speaking of fear now, in so far as it makes
687 2, 18 | For, since the object of fear ~is an evil, sometimes,
688 2, 18 | and this is called human fear; while sometimes, on account
689 2, 18 | and adhere to Him, through fear of ~punishment, it will
690 2, 18 | punishment, it will be servile fear; but if it be on account
691 2, 18 | but if it be on account of fear of ~committing a fault,
692 2, 18 | fault, it will be filial fear, for it becomes a child
693 2, 18 | for it becomes a child to ~fear offending its father. If,
694 2, 18 | both, it will ~be initial fear, which is between both these
695 2, 18 | whether it is ~possible to fear the evil of fault, the question
696 2, 18 | considering the passion of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
697 2, 18 | OBJ 1: Damascene divides fear as a passion of the soul:
698 2, 18 | whereas ~this division of fear is taken from its relation
699 2, 18 | moral good. Now natural fear ~is presupposed to moral
700 2, 18 | numbered among ~these kinds of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
701 2, 18 | Hence filial and chaste fear amount to the same, ~because
702 2, 18 | Christ": whereas servile fear has no ~connection with
703 2, 18 | ways. ~For worldly or human fear regards a punishment which
704 2, 18 | whereas ~servile and initial fear regard a punishment whereby
705 2, 18 | threatened by God. Servile fear regards ~this punishment
706 2, 18 | punishment chiefly, while initial fear regards it secondarily.~
707 2, 18 | turns away from God ~through fear of losing his worldly goods,
708 2, 18 | worldly goods, or through fear of forfeiting ~the well-being
709 2, 18 | one here, although they fear ~different evils, even as
710 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Whether worldly fear is always evil?~Aquin.:
711 2, 18 | would seem that worldly fear is not always evil. Because ~
712 2, 18 | seems to be a kind of human fear. Now some are blamed for ~
713 2, 18 | Therefore it seems ~that worldly fear is not always evil.~Aquin.:
714 2, 18 | OBJ 2: Further, worldly fear seems to have reference
715 2, 18 | same." ~Therefore worldly fear is not always evil.~Aquin.:
716 2, 18 | it is natural to man to fear ~detriment to his body,
717 2, 18 | Therefore it seems that worldly fear is not always ~evil.~Aquin.:
718 2, 18 | Lord said (Mt. 10:28): "Fear ye not them that kill ~the
719 2, 18 | thus forbidding worldly fear. Now nothing but what is
720 2, 18 | by God. Therefore worldly fear is evil.~Aquin.: SMT SS
721 2, 18 | love ~is always evil. Now fear is born of love, since man
722 2, 18 | lxxxiii, qu. 33). Now worldly ~fear is that which arises from
723 2, 18 | for ~which reason worldly fear is always evil.~Aquin.:
724 2, 18 | him ~that doth evil." To fear the secular power in this
725 2, 18 | is part, not of ~worldly fear, but of servile or initial
726 2, 18 | but of servile or initial fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
727 2, 18 | sinful deeds, which no fear should ~drive us to do,
728 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Whether servile fear is good?~Aquin.: SMT SS
729 2, 18 | would seem that servile fear is not good. For if the
730 2, 18 | Now the use of servile fear is ~evil, for according
731 2, 18 | man do anything through ~fear, although the deed be good,
732 2, 18 | done." Therefore servile ~fear is not good.~Aquin.: SMT
733 2, 18 | sinful root. Now servile fear grows ~from a sinful root,
734 2, 18 | God which he has lost, his fear is born of pride, not of ~
735 2, 18 | humility." Therefore servile fear is evil.~Aquin.: SMT SS
736 2, 18 | charity, so is servile fear, apparently, opposed to
737 2, 18 | apparently, opposed to chaste fear. But ~mercenary love is
738 2, 18 | evil. Therefore servile fear is also.~Aquin.: SMT SS
739 2, 18 | Holy Ghost. But servile fear ~is from the Holy Ghost,
740 2, 18 | viz. servile and chaste fear." Therefore servile fear ~
741 2, 18 | fear." Therefore servile fear ~is not evil.~Aquin.: SMT
742 2, 18 | its servility that servile fear may be ~evil. For servitude
743 2, 18 | love. Consequently ~servile fear as such is contrary to charity:
744 2, 18 | servility were ~essential to fear, servile fear would be evil
745 2, 18 | essential to fear, servile fear would be evil simply, even
746 2, 18 | to the species of servile fear, ~even as neither does lifelessness
747 2, 18 | Now the ~object of servile fear is punishment, and it is
748 2, 18 | end. Consequently servile fear is ~substantially good,
749 2, 18 | something through servile fear as such, so that he loves
750 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Servile fear as to its substance is not
751 2, 18 | always evil. But servile fear, as to its substance, ~implies
752 2, 18 | substance, ~implies merely fear of punishment, whether or
753 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Whether servile fear is substantially the same
754 2, 18 | substantially the same as filial fear?~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
755 2, 18 | would seem that servile fear is substantially the same
756 2, 18 | substantially the same as ~filial fear. For filial fear is to servile
757 2, 18 | filial fear. For filial fear is to servile fear the same
758 2, 18 | filial fear is to servile fear the same apparently as ~
759 2, 18 | Therefore servile and filial fear are ~substantially the same.~
760 2, 18 | of servile and of filial fear, since they both fear ~God.
761 2, 18 | filial fear, since they both fear ~God. Therefore servile
762 2, 18 | Therefore servile and filial fear are substantially the same.~
763 2, 18 | favors from ~Him, so does he fear to be separated from God
764 2, 18 | ad 2). Therefore ~filial fear, whereby we fear separation
765 2, 18 | filial fear, whereby we fear separation from God, is
766 2, 18 | is the same as servile ~fear whereby we fear His punishments. ~
767 2, 18 | servile ~fear whereby we fear His punishments. ~Aquin.:
768 2, 18 | another filial or chaste fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
769 2, 18 | that, The proper object of fear is evil. And since acts
770 2, 18 | that different kinds of fear correspond to ~different
771 2, 18 | punishment, from which servile fear shrinks, differs ~specifically
772 2, 18 | evil of fault, which filial fear shuns, as shown above ~(
773 2, 18 | that servile and filial fear are not the same ~substantially
774 2, 18 | hand, servile and ~filial fear differ as to their objects:
775 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Servile fear and filial fear do not regard
776 2, 18 | Servile fear and filial fear do not regard God in the
777 2, 18 | same ~light. For servile fear looks upon God as the cause
778 2, 18 | punishment, whereas filial fear looks upon Him, not as the
779 2, 18 | a ~specific identity of fear, since also natural movements
780 2, 18 | This cannot be ~said of fear; and so there is no comparison.~
781 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Whether servile fear remains with charity?~Aquin.:
782 2, 18 | would seem that servile fear does not remain with charity.
783 2, 18 | its abode, it drives away fear which had prepared a place
784 2, 18 | servitude, it seems that servile fear is driven away when charity
785 2, 18 | OBJ 3: Further, servile fear is caused by self-love,
786 2, 18 | Therefore it seems that servile fear is ~driven out when charity
787 2, 18 | On the contrary, Servile fear is a gift of the Holy Ghost,
788 2, 18 | in us. Therefore ~servile fear is not driven out when charity
789 2, 18 | 3~I answer that, Servile fear proceeds from self-love,
790 2, 18 | self-love, because it is fear ~of punishment which is
791 2, 18 | one's own good. Hence the fear of ~punishment is consistent
792 2, 18 | his own good and that he ~fear to be deprived of it.~Aquin.:
793 2, 18 | Body Para. 3/3~Accordingly fear of punishment is, in one
794 2, 18 | that this belongs to chaste fear. In another way, it is ~
795 2, 18 | an end; and in this way fear of punishment is ~not consistent
796 2, 18 | charity. In another way fear of punishment is indeed ~
797 2, 18 | substantially distinct from chaste fear, when, to wit, a man fears
798 2, 18 | the principal evil. Such ~fear of punishment is consistent
799 2, 18 | explained above (AA[2],4). Hence fear considered as servile, does
800 2, 18 | the substance of servile fear can remain with ~charity,
801 2, 18 | Augustine is speaking of fear considered as servile: and ~
802 2, 18 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is the beginning of wisdom?~
803 2, 18 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is not the beginning of
804 2, 18 | thing is a part thereof. But fear is not a part of ~wisdom,
805 2, 18 | a part of ~wisdom, since fear is seated in the appetitive
806 2, 18 | Therefore it seems that fear is not the beginning of ~
807 2, 18 | beginning of itself. "Now fear of the ~Lord, that is wisdom,"
808 2, 18 | Therefore it seems that ~fear of God is not the beginning
809 2, 18 | But something is ~prior to fear, since faith precedes fear.
810 2, 18 | fear, since faith precedes fear. Therefore it seems that
811 2, 18 | Therefore it seems that fear is ~not the beginning of
812 2, 18 | in the Ps. 110:10: "The fear of the Lord ~is the beginning
813 2, 18 | to work, and in this way fear is the beginning of wisdom,
814 2, 18 | of wisdom, yet ~servile fear in one way, and filial fear,
815 2, 18 | fear in one way, and filial fear, in another. For servile
816 2, 18 | in another. For servile fear is ~like a principle disposing
817 2, 18 | refrains from sin through fear of punishment, and is thus
818 2, 18 | according to Ecclus. 1:27, "The fear of the Lord ~driveth out
819 2, 18 | other hand, chaste or filial fear is the ~beginning of wisdom,
820 2, 18 | beginning, man must first of all fear God and submit himself to ~
821 2, 18 | This argument proves that fear is not the beginning of ~
822 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: The fear of God is compared to a
823 2, 18 | The root of wisdom is to fear the Lord, for [Vulg.: ~'
824 2, 18 | virtually the tree, so the fear of God is said to be wisdom.~
825 2, 18 | wisdom in one ~way, and fear, in another. Hence it is
826 2, 18 | written (Ecclus. 25:16): "The fear ~of God is the beginning
827 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Whether initial fear differs substantially from
828 2, 18 | substantially from filial fear?~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
829 2, 18 | would seem that initial fear differs substantially from
830 2, 18 | substantially from filial ~fear. For filial fear is caused
831 2, 18 | filial ~fear. For filial fear is caused by love. Now initial
832 2, 18 | caused by love. Now initial fear is the ~beginning of love,
833 2, 18 | according to Ecclus. 25:16, "The fear of God is the ~beginning
834 2, 18 | love." Therefore initial fear is distinct from filial
835 2, 18 | is distinct from filial fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
836 2, 18 | OBJ 2: Further, initial fear dreads punishment, which
837 2, 18 | is the object of ~servile fear, so that initial and servile
838 2, 18 | that initial and servile fear would seem to be the same. ~
839 2, 18 | be the same. ~But servile fear is distinct from filial
840 2, 18 | is distinct from filial fear. Therefore initial fear ~
841 2, 18 | fear. Therefore initial fear ~also is substantially distinct
842 2, 18 | substantially distinct from initial fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
843 2, 18 | the extremes. ~Now initial fear is the mean between servile
844 2, 18 | between servile and filial fear. Therefore ~it differs from
845 2, 18 | both filial and servile fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
846 2, 18 | Now initial and filial fear differ in respect of perfection
847 2, 18 | ix). Therefore initial fear does not differ substantially
848 2, 18 | substantially from ~filial fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
849 2, 18 | 2~I answer that, Initial fear is so called because it
850 2, 18 | both servile and filial fear are, in some way, ~the beginning
851 2, 18 | are to understand initial fear ~in so far as it is distinct
852 2, 18 | from servile and filial fear, but in the ~sense according
853 2, 18 | is a beginning of filial fear resulting from a beginning
854 2, 18 | the perfection of filial fear, ~because they have not
855 2, 18 | charity. ~Consequently initial fear stands in the same relation
856 2, 18 | same relation to filial fear as ~imperfect to perfect
857 2, 18 | must conclude that ~initial fear, as we understand it here,
858 2, 18 | essentially from ~filial fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
859 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: The fear which is a beginning of
860 2, 18 | beginning of love is servile fear, ~which is the herald of
861 2, 18 | be ~referred to initial fear, this is said to be the
862 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Initial fear does not dread punishment
863 2, 18 | having something of servile fear connected with it: for ~
864 2, 18 | with it: for ~this servile fear, as to its substance, remains
865 2, 18 | justice, but also through fear of punishment, though this
866 2, 18 | charity, which "casteth out fear," ~according to 1 Jn. 4:
867 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: Initial fear is a mean between servile
868 2, 18 | between servile and filial fear, not ~as between two things
869 2, 18 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear is a gift of the Holy Ghost?~
870 2, 18 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear is not a gift of the Holy
871 2, 18 | opposition to Himself. Now ~fear is opposed to hope, which
872 2, 18 | which is a virtue. Therefore fear is not a gift ~of the Holy
873 2, 18 | God for its ~object. But fear has God for its object,
874 2, 18 | God is feared. ~Therefore fear is not a gift, but a theological
875 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, fear arises from love. But love
876 2, 18 | theological virtue. Therefore fear also is a theological virtue,
877 2, 18 | says (Moral. ii, 49) that "fear is bestowed as a ~remedy
878 2, 18 | pride. ~Therefore again, fear is a kind of virtue.~Aquin.:
879 2, 18 | hope is more perfect than fear, since hope regards good,
880 2, 18 | hope regards good, while fear ~regards evil. Since, then,
881 2, 18 | should not be said that ~fear is a gift.~Aquin.: SMT SS
882 2, 18 | 1/1~On the contrary, The fear of the Lord is numbered
883 2, 18 | Para. 1/3~I answer that, Fear is of several kinds, as
884 2, 18 | Now it ~is not "human fear," according to Augustine (
885 2, 18 | God" - for it was by this fear that Peter ~denied Christ -
886 2, 18 | denied Christ - but that fear of which it was said (Mt.
887 2, 18 | it was said (Mt. 10:28): "Fear Him ~that can destroy both
888 2, 18 | Para. 2/3~Again servile fear is not to be reckoned among
889 2, 18 | follows, therefore, that the fear of God, which is numbered
890 2, 18 | Ghost, is filial or chaste fear. For it was ~stated above (
891 2, 18 | is what filial or chaste fear does, since ~thereby we
892 2, 18 | Dom. in Monte i, 4) filial fear holds ~the first place,
893 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Filial fear is not opposed to the virtue
894 2, 18 | hope: since ~thereby we fear, not that we may fail of
895 2, 18 | help. Wherefore filial ~fear and hope cling together,
896 2, 18 | and principal object of fear is the evil ~shunned, and
897 2, 18 | cannot be an object ~of fear. Yet He is, in this way,
898 2, 18 | that love is the origin of fear, it does not ~follow that
899 2, 18 | does not ~follow that the fear of God is not a distinct
900 2, 18 | is more of a virtue than fear is, because love regards
901 2, 18 | reckoned ~as a virtue; whereas fear principally regards evil,
902 2, 18 | this is opposed to filial fear, which reveres God. Thus
903 2, 18 | which reveres God. Thus fear cuts off the ~source of
904 2, 18 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear decreases when charity increases?~
905 2, 18 | 1/1~OBJ 1: It seems that fear decreases when charity increases.
906 2, 18 | charity ~increases, the more fear decreases."~Aquin.: SMT
907 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, fear decreases when hope increases.
908 2, 18 | Q[17], A[8]). Therefore ~fear decreases when charity increases.~
909 2, 18 | love implies union, whereas fear implies separation. Now ~
910 2, 18 | union increases. Therefore fear decreases when ~the love
911 2, 18 | lxxxiii, qu. 36) that "the fear of ~God not only begins
912 2, 18 | Para. 1/3~I answer that, Fear is twofold, as stated above (
913 2, 18 | AA[2],4); one is filial ~fear, whereby a son fears to
914 2, 18 | him; the other is servile fear, whereby one fears punishment.~
915 2, 18 | Body Para. 2/3~Now filial fear must needs increase when
916 2, 18 | On the other hand servile fear, as regards its servility,
917 2, 18 | charity comes, although the fear of punishment remains as ~
918 2, 18 | stated above (A[6]). This fear decreases as charity ~increases,
919 2, 18 | Augustine speaks there of the fear of punishment.~Aquin.: SMT
920 2, 18 | 1/1 ~Reply OBJ 2: It is fear of punishment that decreases
921 2, 18 | increase of the latter filial fear increases, ~because the
922 2, 18 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: Filial fear does not imply separation
923 2, 18 | increase in the reverence of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
924 2, 18 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether fear remains in heaven?~Aquin.:
925 2, 18 | OBJ 1: It would seem that fear does not remain in heaven.
926 2, 18 | enjoy abundance, without fear of ~evils," which is to
927 2, 18 | everlasting happiness. Now every fear is about some evil, since ~
928 2, 18 | since ~evil is the object of fear, as stated above (AA[2],
929 2, 18 | Therefore there will be no fear in heaven.~Aquin.: SMT SS
930 2, 18 | heaven, men will have no fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
931 2, 18 | hope is more perfect than fear, since hope regards good, ~
932 2, 18 | hope regards good, ~and fear, evil. Now hope will not
933 2, 18 | Therefore neither will ~there be fear in heaven.~Aquin.: SMT SS
934 2, 18 | written (Ps. 18:10): "The fear of the Lord is ~holy, enduring
935 2, 18 | 3~I answer that, Servile fear, or fear of punishment,
936 2, 18 | answer that, Servile fear, or fear of punishment, will by no
937 2, 18 | in heaven, since such a fear is excluded by the security
938 2, 18 | 2/3~But regard to filial fear, as it increases with the
939 2, 18 | that the proper object of ~fear is a possible evil, just
940 2, 18 | and since the movement of fear is like one of avoidance,
941 2, 18 | is like one of avoidance, fear ~implies avoidance of a
942 2, 18 | little evils inspire no ~fear. Now as a thing's good consists
943 2, 18 | penal ~nature, is one not of fear but of wonder," because,
944 2, 18 | 9) in this sense, admits fear in heaven, although he leaves
945 2, 18 | he says, "this chaste fear that endureth for ~ever
946 2, 18 | future life, it will not be a fear that is ~afraid of an evil
947 2, 18 | might possibly occur, but a fear that holds fast ~to a good
948 2, 18 | allowable to ~say so, our fear is sure of avoiding evil.
949 2, 18 | avoiding evil. Because chaste fear denotes a ~will that cannot
950 2, 18 | charity. Else, if no kind of fear is possible there, ~perhaps
951 2, 18 | possible there, ~perhaps fear is said to endure for ever
952 2, 18 | ever, because that which fear ~will lead us to, will be
953 2, 18 | excludes from the blessed, the fear that ~denotes solicitude,
954 2, 18 | about evil, but not the fear which is ~accompanied by
955 2, 18 | Hence, if there be no fear in God (since there is none
956 2, 18 | happiness is present: whereas fear implies a ~natural defect
957 2, 18 | remain even in heaven. Hence fear will not be ~cast out altogether.~
958 2, 18 | corresponding to the gift of ~fear? ~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
959 2, 18 | corresponding to the gift of fear. For fear is the beginning
960 2, 18 | to the gift of fear. For fear is the beginning of the ~
961 2, 18 | correspond to the gift of fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
962 2, 18 | Thou my flesh with ~Thy fear," whence it seems to follow
963 2, 18 | follow that it belongs to fear to restrain ~the flesh.
964 2, 18 | corresponds to ~the gift of fear, rather than the beatitude
965 2, 18 | 3: Further, the gift of fear corresponds to the virtue
966 2, 18 | corresponds to the gift of fear, rather than poverty of
967 2, 18 | correspond to the ~gift of fear. Neither, therefore, does
968 2, 18 | Dom. in Monte i, 4): "The fear ~of the Lord is befitting
969 2, 18 | properly corresponds to fear. Because, ~since it belongs
970 2, 18 | since it belongs to filial fear to show reverence and submission
971 2, 18 | submission belongs to the gift of fear. Now ~from the very fact
972 2, 18 | It follows that ~if a man fear God perfectly, he does not,
973 2, 18 | earthly goods, ~wherefore fear holds the first place among
974 2, 18 | perfection: whereas filial fear, to which the ~beatitude
975 2, 18 | is the result of ~filial fear, than is external pleasure.
976 2, 18 | consequence, ~opposed to fear, since whoever fears God
977 2, 18 | character of a thing which ~fear regards: and so the beatitude
978 2, 18 | of poverty corresponds to fear ~directly, and the beatitude
979 2, 18 | tendency to ~a term, whereas fear implies movement by way
980 2, 18 | fittingly corresponds to fear.~Aquin.: SMT SS Q[19] A[
981 2, 18 | correspond to the gift of fear, which pertain to the moderate
982 2, 19 | grow from a good root, viz. fear of God, or from horror ~
983 2, 19 | they may die." In this way fear of God or horror of one'
984 2, 20 | presumption is more opposed to fear than to hope?~Aquin.: SMT
985 2, 20 | presumption is more opposed to fear than to ~hope. Because inordinate
986 2, 20 | hope. Because inordinate fear is opposed to right fear.
987 2, 20 | fear is opposed to right fear. Now presumption ~seems
988 2, 20 | to pertain to inordinate fear, for it is written (Wis.
989 2, 20 | and (Wis. 17:11) that "fear is a help to presumption [*
990 2, 20 | to presumption [*Vulg.: ~'Fear is nothing else but a yielding
991 2, 20 | presumption is opposed to fear rather than to hope.~Aquin.:
992 2, 20 | presumption is more distant from fear than from hope, because
993 2, 20 | just as hope does, whereas fear denotes ~movement from a
994 2, 20 | presumption is contrary to fear rather ~than to hope.~Aquin.:
995 2, 20 | Further, presumption excludes fear altogether, whereas it does ~
996 2, 20 | presumption is ~contrary to fear rather than to hope.~Aquin.:
997 2, 20 | be manifestly opposed to fear, ~especially servile fear,
998 2, 20 | fear, ~especially servile fear, which looks at the punishment
999 2, 20 | opposed to hope than to fear. For they ~both regard and
1000 2, 20 | this way that ~inordinate fear is called presumption.~Aquin.:
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