1-500 | 501-1000 | 1001-1500 | 1501-1659
Part, Question
501 1, 63 | the sin of the foremost angel the cause of the others
502 1, 63 | truly good. Consequently the angel ~does not sin by desire.~
503 1, 63 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, An angel or any other rational creature
504 1, 63 | 3: It is natural for the angel to turn to God by the movement ~
505 1, 63 | there can be no sin in the ~angel; because there are no passions
506 1, 63 | considered. In this way the angel sinned, by ~seeking his
507 1, 63 | and envy can exist in an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[63] A[
508 1, 63 | Consequently the first sin of the angel can be none other than pride.~
509 1, 63 | good coveted by the wicked angel, except inasmuch as he ~
510 1, 63 | evil of envy in the sinning angel, whereby he grieved over ~
511 1, 63 | be infinite. Therefore an angel ~could not desire to be
512 1, 63 | tends. If, therefore, the angel desired to be as God, not
513 1, 63 | 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, the angel was created with greater
514 1, 63 | of being the equal ~of an angel, still less of God; because
515 1, 63 | Therefore much less ~did the angel sin by desiring to be as
516 1, 63 | that, Without doubt the angel sinned by seeking to be
517 1, 63 | degree of nature; and one angel, another. Consequently it
518 1, 63 | it is ~impossible for one angel of lower degree to desire
519 1, 63 | the full formation of the angel by turning to the Word.
520 1, 63 | Consequently, the nature of the angel was created, and light was
521 1, 63 | produced. Therefore the angel could also have his operation ~
522 1, 63 | Now it is clear that the angel's sin was an act subsequent
523 1, 63 | the creative act is the angel's very being, ~while the
524 1, 63 | an ~impossibility for the angel to have been wicked in the
525 1, 63 | was impossible for the ~angel to sin in the first instant
526 1, 63 | God; and consequently an angel ~could merit in the first
527 1, 63 | creation and the fall of the ~angel? ~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[63] A[
528 1, 63 | some interval between the angel's ~creation and his fall.
529 1, 63 | common alike to man and angel. ~But there was some delay
530 1, 63 | it be contended that the angel was not created in grace,
531 1, 63 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: An angel has an inflexible free-will
532 1, 63 | 1/1~Whether the highest angel among those who sinned was
533 1, 63 | Therefore, the highest ~angel among those who sinned was
534 1, 63 | from it. But the higher an angel is, so much ~the more is
535 1, 63 | And so it seems that the angel who sinned ~was not the
536 1, 63 | Ev.) says that the chief angel ~who sinned, "being set
537 1, 63 | sin. Therefore the first angel who sinned is ~called, not
538 1, 63 | towards good in the ~highest angel, there was no necessity
539 1, 63 | Whether the sin of the highest angel was the cause of the others
540 1, 63 | that the sin of the highest angel was not the cause ~of the
541 1, 63 | 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, an angel's first sin can only be
542 1, 63 | be ~subject to a higher angel rather than to God. Yet
543 1, 63 | God. Yet the sin of one angel ~would have been the cause
544 1, 63 | the sin of the ~highest angel was the cause of the others
545 1, 63 | the sin of the foremost angel ~was the cause of the others
546 1, 63 | the sin of the ~highest angel was not the cause of the
547 1, 63 | The sin of the highest angel was the cause of the others ~
548 1, 63 | the rest sinning. For the angel needs no ~delay of time
549 1, 63 | instant in which the highest angel expressed ~his affection
550 1, 63 | then subject to the highest angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[63] A[
551 1, 63 | above (Q[62], A[6]), an angel has nothing ~in him to retard
552 1, 63 | Consequently since the highest ~angel had greater natural energy
553 1, 64 | from the very nature of the angel, ~who, according to his
554 1, 64 | natures; so neither ~does the angel's happiness consist in knowing
555 1, 64 | Consequently, not even an angel can of his own nature know
556 1, 64 | considers universals. ~Now the angel's apprehension differs from
557 1, 64 | in this respect, that the angel by his intellect apprehends
558 1, 64 | the ~opposite; whereas the angel's will adheres fixedly and
559 1, 64 | and after choice; but the angel's free-will is ~flexible
560 1, 64 | A place is not penal to angel or soul as if affecting
561 1, 64 | saddening it: because ~the angel or the soul apprehends that
562 1, 75 | of the same species as an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[75] A[
563 1, 75 | of the same species as an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[75] A[
564 1, 75 | of the same species as an angel. ~For each thing is ordained
565 1, 75 | is the same as that of an angel - namely, eternal happiness. ~
566 1, 75 | nothing nobler ~either in an angel or in the soul than their
567 1, 75 | Therefore the soul and the angel agree in the ultimate specific ~
568 1, 75 | does not differ from an angel ~except in its union with
569 1, 75 | Therefore ~the soul and angel are of the same species.~
570 1, 75 | operations of the soul and of an angel ~are different; since, as
571 1, 75 | Therefore the soul and an angel are not of the same ~species.~
572 1, 75 | substances, such as an ~angel and the soul. So that it
573 1, 75 | is not possible for the angel and the soul ~to be of the
574 1, 75 | intellectuality inferior to that of an angel, who is not united to a
575 1, 76 | intellectual soul, like an angel, has no ~matter from which
576 1, 76 | in which it is unlike an angel. Therefore, according to
577 1, 41 | for we can say that ~an angel is "of" an intellectual
578 1, 43 | signify the person of an angel, but to signify the Person ~
579 1, 43 | sent visibly, and not as an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[43] A[
580 1, 46 | may say that a ~superior angel illuminates an inferior,
581 1, 47 | least ~some creature, as an angel, but not man. But we are
582 1, 51 | Holy Scripture is called ~angel; secondly, the creature
583 1, 51 | incorporeal?~(2) Supposing that an angel is such, we ask whether
584 1, 51 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel is altogether incorporeal?~
585 1, 51 | 1: It would seem that an angel is not entirely incorporeal.
586 1, 51 | Fide Orth. ii) that ~"an angel is said to be incorporeal
587 1, 51 | Fide Orth. ii) that "an angel ~is an ever movable intellectual
588 1, 51 | substance." Therefore an angel is a ~corporeal substance. ~
589 1, 51 | intelligence and will. Therefore an angel is called an ever mobile ~
590 1, 51 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel is composed of matter and
591 1, 51 | 1: It would seem that an angel is composed of matter and
592 1, 51 | matter and form. But an angel is in the genus of substance.
593 1, 51 | properties are found in the angel. Therefore an angel is ~
594 1, 51 | the angel. Therefore an angel is ~composed of matter and
595 1, 51 | only is pure act. But an ~angel is not pure act, for this
596 1, 51 | God alone. Therefore an angel ~is not form only, but has
597 1, 51 | form. But the form of an angel ~is not infinite, for every
598 1, 51 | Therefore the form of an ~angel is in matter.~Aquin.: SMT
599 1, 51 | of matter and form in an ~angel, yet there is act and potentiality.
600 1, 51 | is what some say, that an angel ~is composed of, "whereby
601 1, 51 | OBJ 3: Further, soul and angel are contra-distinguished
602 1, 51 | Damascene, speaking of the angel, says (De Fide Orth. ii,
603 1, 51 | matter. Hence, ~since an angel is a subsisting form, as
604 1, 51 | its being. Therefore, the angel's immateriality is the cause ~
605 1, 52 | Hom. x in Ev.) calls an angel a rational ~animal. But
606 1, 52 | OBJ 2: Gregory calls the angel a rational animal metaphorically, ~
607 1, 52 | superfluous in the work of an angel, as there is nothing of
608 1, 52 | assume bodies, because an angel has no need for a body,
609 1, 52 | bodily power. Therefore an angel does not assume a body.~
610 1, 52 | body is not ~united to an angel as to a form, as stated (
611 1, 52 | as it ~is united to the angel as to a mover, it is not
612 1, 52 | Sodom; in like manner the angel who ~appeared to Tobias
613 1, 52 | assumed is united to the angel not as its form, ~nor merely
614 1, 52 | intelligible properties of an angel. And this is what we mean
615 1, 52 | this is what we mean by an angel assuming a body.~Aquin.:
616 1, 52 | the body assumed by the angel, if ~he perceived nothing
617 1, 52 | means. Consequently, the angel perceives by ~the assumed
618 1, 52 | when Tobias said to the angel (Tob. ~5:7,8): "Knowest
619 1, 52 | the eye the power of the angel's knowledge is ~pointed
620 1, 52 | eating. This is what the angel ~said to Tobias: "When I
621 1, 53 | subjects of inquiry:~(1) Is the angel in a place?~(2) Can he be
622 1, 53 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel is in a place?~Aquin.: SMT
623 1, 53 | 1: It would seem that an angel is not in a place. For Boethius
624 1, 53 | a movable body." But an angel is not a body, as was shown
625 1, 53 | above ~(Q[50]). Therefore an angel is not in a place.~Aquin.:
626 1, 53 | position cannot ~benefit an angel, since his substance is
627 1, 53 | a position. Therefore an angel is not in a ~place.~Aquin.:
628 1, 53 | iv, text ~14,119). But an angel can neither be measured
629 1, 53 | text 35,49). Therefore an angel is not in a ~place.~Aquin.:
630 1, 53 | that, It is befitting an angel to be in a place; yet an
631 1, 53 | to be in a place; yet an angel ~and a body are said to
632 1, 53 | virtual one. Consequently an ~angel is said to be in a corporeal
633 1, 53 | need for saying that an angel can be deemed ~commensurate
634 1, 53 | on this account for the ~angel to be contained by a place;
635 1, 53 | by it. In the same way an angel is said to be in a place
636 1, 53 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel can be in several places
637 1, 53 | 1: It would seem that an angel can be in several places
638 1, 53 | places at once. For ~an angel is not less endowed with
639 1, 53 | Trin. vi). Therefore an angel can be in several places ~
640 1, 53 | 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, an angel is in the body which he
641 1, 53 | various ~places. Therefore the angel is at one time in various
642 1, 53 | Orth. ii) that "where the angel ~operates, there he is."
643 1, 53 | as is evident from the angel destroying Sodom (Gn. 19:
644 1, 53 | Gn. 19:25). ~Therefore an angel can be in several places
645 1, 53 | Para. 1/5~I answer that, An angel's power and nature are finite,
646 1, 53 | everywhere. Now since the ~angel's power is finite, it does
647 1, 53 | power. Hence, since the angel is ~in a place by the application
648 1, 53 | the indivisibility of the angel to be like that of a point;
649 1, 53 | consequently they ~thought that an angel could be only in a place
650 1, 53 | its situation; whereas the angel is indivisible, and beyond
651 1, 53 | Para. 3/5~Neither, if any angel moves the heavens, is it
652 1, 53 | differently to a body, to an angel, and to God. For a body
653 1, 53 | measured by the place. An angel, ~however, is not there
654 1, 53 | greater difference between an angel and a ~body than there is
655 1, 53 | between two angels. But an angel and a body are at the ~one
656 1, 53 | movement. Hence, since ~the angel is said to be in one place
657 1, 53 | there can be but one angel in one place.~Aquin.: SMT
658 1, 53 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: An angel and a body are not in a
659 1, 54 | inquiry:~(1) Whether an angel can be moved locally.~(2)
660 1, 54 | space?~(3) Whether the angel's movement is in time or
661 1, 54 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel can be moved locally?~Aquin.:
662 1, 54 | OBJ 1: It seems that an angel cannot be moved locally.
663 1, 54 | term ~"whereto." But an angel is without parts. Therefore
664 1, 54 | without parts. Therefore an angel cannot be ~moved locally.~
665 1, 54 | text 14). But a beatified angel is not ~imperfect. Consequently
666 1, 54 | Consequently a beatified angel is not moved locally.~Aquin.:
667 1, 54 | same thing for a beatified angel to be moved ~as for a beatified
668 1, 54 | Hell. Therefore a beatified angel is moved ~locally.~Aquin.:
669 1, 54 | answer that, A beatified angel can be moved locally. As,
670 1, 54 | equivocally to a body and to an angel, so likewise ~does local
671 1, 54 | Phys. iv, text 99). But an angel is not in a place as commensurate
672 1, 54 | the ~local movement of an angel to be commensurate with
673 1, 54 | movement. For since the angel is in ~a place only by virtual
674 1, 54 | that the movement of an angel in a place is nothing ~else
675 1, 54 | not at ~once; because an angel cannot be in several places
676 1, 54 | a divisible place to an angel ~according to virtual contact;
677 1, 54 | movement; so likewise an angel can successively ~quit the
678 1, 54 | this cannot be said of an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[53] A[
679 1, 54 | Therefore, according as the angel's movement is not ~continuous,
680 1, 54 | good. But according ~as the angel's movement is held to be
681 1, 54 | granted, ~that, while an angel is in movement, he is partly
682 1, 54 | partiality be not referred to the angel's substance, but to the
683 1, 54 | continuous movement the angel is in the ~whole divisible
684 1, 54 | places appertains to the angel from this, ~that he can
685 1, 54 | magnitude; but regarding an angel, that his power can be applied
686 1, 54 | because of our need, the ~angel is moved locally, according
687 1, 54 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel passes through intermediate
688 1, 54 | 1: It would seem that an angel does not pass through intermediate ~
689 1, 54 | the place responding to an angel, who is indivisible, is
690 1, 54 | point. Therefore if the angel passes through middle space,
691 1, 54 | 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, an angel is of simpler substance
692 1, 54 | Therefore much ~more can an angel pass from one extreme to
693 1, 54 | On the contrary, If the angel be moved from one place
694 1, 54 | the local ~motion of an angel can be continuous, and non-continuous.
695 1, 54 | If it be ~continuous, the angel cannot pass from one extreme
696 1, 54 | Body Para. 2/4~But if an angel's movement be not continuous,
697 1, 54 | Accordingly, then, as the angel's movement ~is not continuous,
698 1, 54 | quite in keeping with an angel's nature; but ~not with
699 1, 54 | in its ~movement. But an angel's substance is not subject
700 1, 54 | Reply OBJ 1: The place of an angel is not taken as equal to
701 1, 54 | contact of power: and so the ~angel's place can be divisible,
702 1, 54 | 1~Reply OBJ 2: While an angel is moved locally, his essence
703 1, 54 | Whether the movement of an angel is instantaneous?~Aquin.:
704 1, 54 | 1: It would seem that an angel's movement is instantaneous.
705 1, 54 | movement. But the power of an angel moving himself ~exceeds
706 1, 54 | body is moved in time, an angel is moved in ~an instant.~
707 1, 54 | 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, the angel's movement is simpler than
708 1, 54 | Much more therefore is the angel's movement instantaneous.~
709 1, 54 | 1~OBJ 3: Further, if an angel be moved from place to place
710 1, 54 | every ~movement, even of an angel, is in time, since there
711 1, 54 | the local movement of an angel ~is instantaneous. They
712 1, 54 | They said that when an angel is moved from place to ~
713 1, 54 | the local movement of an angel is ~not the term of any
714 1, 54 | that the ~movement of an angel is in time. It is in continuous
715 1, 54 | the heavens; because the angel's movement does not depend ~
716 1, 54 | OBJ 1: If the time of the angel's movement be not continuous,
717 1, 54 | Besides, the swiftness of the angel's ~movement is not measured
718 1, 54 | what is remote. But the ~angel's movement is local, and,
719 1, 54 | But the same ~time of an angel's movement can be non-continuous.
720 1, 54 | be non-continuous. So an angel can be in ~one place in
721 1, 54 | intervening. If the time of the angel's movement be ~continuous,
722 1, 55 | considering what belongs to the angel's substance, we now proceed ~
723 1, 55 | points of inquiry:~(1) Is the angel's understanding his substance?~(
724 1, 55 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel's act of understanding is
725 1, 55 | It would seem that the angel's act of understanding is
726 1, 55 | his ~substance. For the angel is both higher and simpler
727 1, 55 | Therefore much more is the ~angel's substance his action -
728 1, 55 | intellect is the essence of an angel who ~understands. ~Aquin.:
729 1, 55 | the middle is. ~But in an angel the intellect and the object
730 1, 55 | with the substance of the angel who understands.~Aquin.:
731 1, 55 | neither the action of an angel, nor of any other ~creature,
732 1, 55 | impossible for the action of an angel, or of any ~creature, to
733 1, 55 | Para. 2/3~Besides, if an angel's act of understanding were
734 1, 55 | subsists. ~Consequently an angel's substance would neither
735 1, 55 | the substance of another angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[54] A[
736 1, 55 | Body Para. 3/3~Also, if the angel were his own act of understanding,
737 1, 55 | Para. 1/1~Whether in the angel to understand is to exist?~
738 1, 55 | It would seem that in the angel to understand is to exist.
739 1, 55 | 37). Therefore in the angel to understand is to exist.~
740 1, 55 | But the form whereby the angel exists is the same as the
741 1, 55 | himself. Therefore in the angel to ~understand is to exist.~
742 1, 55 | 1/1~On the contrary, The angel's act of understanding is
743 1, 55 | movement. ~Therefore in the angel to be is not to understand.~
744 1, 55 | that, The action of the angel, as also the action of any ~
745 1, 55 | OBJ 2: The essence of an angel is the reason of his entire ~
746 1, 55 | to the existence of ~the angel, whereas to his act of understanding
747 1, 55 | does not follow that in the angel "to be" ~is the same as '
748 1, 55 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel's power of intelligence
749 1, 55 | It would seem that in an angel the power or faculty of ~
750 1, 55 | minds." Therefore ~the angel is his own power of intelligence.~
751 1, 55 | 1~OBJ 2: Further, if the angel's power of intelligence
752 1, 55 | states (De Trin. 1). Thus an angel would not ~be a simple form,
753 1, 55 | this it would seem that the angel is of a simpler nature ~
754 1, 55 | Therefore much more is an angel his own power of intelligence.~
755 1, 55 | answer that, Neither in an angel nor in any creature, is
756 1, 55 | is ~operation. But in the angel to understand is not the
757 1, 55 | his existence. Hence the angel's essence is not his power
758 1, 55 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: An angel is called "intellect" and "
759 1, 55 | such a simple form is an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[54] A[
760 1, 55 | passive intellect in an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[54] A[
761 1, 55 | passive ~intellect in an angel. The Philosopher says (De
762 1, 55 | make all ~things." But an angel is a kind of nature. Therefore
763 1, 55 | passive intellect in an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[54] A[
764 1, 55 | iii, text. 2,3,18. But an angel ~receives enlightenment
765 1, 55 | enlightenment from a higher angel, and enlightens a lower
766 1, 55 | But this is not so ~in the angel. Therefore there is no active
767 1, 55 | passive intellect in the ~angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[54] A[
768 1, 55 | actually. Hence for one angel to enlighten another does ~
769 1, 55 | passive intellect for the angel to be enlightened with regard
770 1, 56 | happening upon earth." ~But the angel's nature is his essence.
771 1, 56 | his essence. Therefore the angel knows things ~by his essence.~
772 1, 56 | of the container. But an angel has an intellectual ~nature.
773 1, 56 | all in all. Therefore the angel ~knows all things in his
774 1, 56 | intellective power of the angel extends to understanding
775 1, 56 | or universal ~truth. The angel's essence, however, does
776 1, 56 | by ~His essence. But an angel cannot know all things by
777 1, 56 | When it is said that the angel knows things according to ~
778 1, 56 | power, which belongs to the angel of his own ~nature.~Aquin.:
779 1, 56 | things which are beneath the angel, and those which are ~above
780 1, 56 | formality - because the angel's essence, as ~being finite,
781 1, 56 | own essence: and this the angel has not, but only a common ~
782 1, 56 | else caused by it. Now the angel's ~knowledge is not the
783 1, 56 | us from saying that the angel understands through ~species
784 1, 56 | objects. Therefore, if the angel does not understand by species
785 1, 56 | images of creatures in the angel's mind, not, ~indeed derived
786 1, 56 | is impossible, since the angel has no imagination, as was ~
787 1, 56 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: The angel's knowledge is quite indifferent
788 1, 56 | many. But if the ~higher angel knows various things by
789 1, 56 | universal form, which the lower ~angel knows by several special
790 1, 56 | follows that the higher angel ~uses one universal form
791 1, 56 | 2/2~Thus the higher the angel is, by so much the fewer
792 1, 56 | which is in the mind of the angel, so that, on account of ~
793 1, 57 | Out. Para. 1/1 - OF THE ANGEL'S KNOWLEDGE OF IMMATERIAL
794 1, 57 | of inquiry: ~(1) Does an angel know himself?~(2) Does one
795 1, 57 | know himself?~(2) Does one angel know another?~(3) Does the
796 1, 57 | know another?~(3) Does the angel know God by his own natural
797 1, 57 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel knows himself?~Aquin.: SMT
798 1, 57 | 1: It would seem that an angel does not know himself. For
799 1, 57 | power is known. Therefore an angel ~does not know his own essence.~
800 1, 57 | 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, an angel is a single substance, otherwise
801 1, 57 | intelligible. Therefore, since the angel possesses only knowledge
802 1, 57 | which ~is intellectual, no angel can know himself.~Aquin.:
803 1, 57 | corporeal ~things. Therefore the angel cannot understand himself.~
804 1, 57 | Gen. ad lit. ii) that "the angel knew ~himself when he was
805 1, 57 | understand itself. And since an angel is immaterial, he is a subsisting ~
806 1, 57 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether one angel knows another?~Aquin.: SMT
807 1, 57 | It would seem that one angel does not know another. For
808 1, 57 | it is its cause." But one angel is not the cause of ~another.
809 1, 57 | another. Therefore one angel does not know another.~Aquin.:
810 1, 57 | 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, one angel cannot be known to another
811 1, 57 | cannot be known to another angel by the ~essence of the one
812 1, 57 | But the essence of the angel knowing is not like the
813 1, 57 | like the essence of ~the angel known, except generically;
814 1, 57 | Hence, it follows that one angel ~would not have a particular
815 1, 57 | cannot be said that one angel knows another ~by the essence
816 1, 57 | another ~by the essence of the angel known; because that whereby
817 1, 57 | cannot be said that one angel knows the ~other by a species;
818 1, 57 | would not differ from the angel ~understood, since each
819 1, 57 | does it appear ~that one angel can understand another.~
820 1, 57 | 1~OBJ 4: Further, if one angel did understand another,
821 1, 57 | were now ~to create another angel, such an angel could not
822 1, 57 | create another angel, such an angel could not be known by the
823 1, 57 | way does it seem that one ~angel knows another.~Aquin.: SMT
824 1, 57 | God; yet so that in every angel ~there was impressed the
825 1, 57 | 2). So the nature of an angel does not hinder him from
826 1, 57 | effect does not lead one angel to ~know another, except
827 1, 57 | Para. 1/1 ~Reply OBJ 3: One angel knows another by the species
828 1, 57 | another by the species of such angel ~existing in his intellect,
829 1, 57 | which differs from the angel whose image it ~is, not
830 1, 57 | intentional existence. The angel is himself a subsisting
831 1, 57 | the intellect of another angel ~is not so, for there it
832 1, 57 | intelligible ~species to an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[56] A[
833 1, 57 | above the intellect of an angel. But ~what is infinitely
834 1, 57 | Therefore it appears that an ~angel cannot know God by his natural
835 1, 57 | shown ~(Q[12], A[4]), an angel cannot have the former knowledge
836 1, 57 | so we have said that an angel knows ~himself - secondly,
837 1, 57 | his natural principles the angel ~knows God, stands midway
838 1, 57 | on the very nature of the angel in his ~essence, the angel
839 1, 57 | angel in his ~essence, the angel knows God in as much as
840 1, 57 | 1~Reply OBJ 2: Since an angel's intellect and essence
841 1, 57 | infinitely remote from the angel, so the knowledge which
842 1, 57 | above the knowledge which an angel has of Him.~Aquin.: SMT
843 1, 57 | The knowledge which an angel has of God is midway between ~
844 1, 58 | Out. Para. 1/1 - OF THE ANGEL'S KNOWLEDGE OF MATERIAL
845 1, 58 | man's soul, nor into the ~angel's mind. Therefore they cannot
846 1, 58 | nature is inferior ~to the angel's, can know material things.
847 1, 58 | more can the ~mind of an angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[57] A[
848 1, 58 | in the intellect ~of an angel are perfections and acts
849 1, 58 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: If an angel were to draw his knowledge
850 1, 58 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel knows singulars?~Aquin.:
851 1, 58 | assimilation ~to exist between an angel and a singular object, in
852 1, 58 | above (Q[50], A[2]), an angel is ~immaterial, while matter
853 1, 58 | singularity. Therefore the ~angel cannot know singulars.~Aquin.:
854 1, 58 | 1~OBJ 3: Further, if an angel does know singulars, it
855 1, 58 | potentially. Therefore the angel does ~not know singulars.~
856 1, 58 | 5:5: "Say not before the angel: There is no ~providence."
857 1, 58 | others have said that the angel possesses knowledge of ~
858 1, 58 | corporeal ~by the senses, so an angel knows both by his one mental
859 1, 58 | cases. Accordingly, since an angel is above man in the ~order
860 1, 58 | powers something which an angel by his one faculty of knowledge, ~
861 1, 58 | 4~The manner in which an angel knows singular things can
862 1, 58 | reason, the species in the angel's intellect, which are images ~
863 1, 58 | differences of time. But ~the angel's intellect is above time;
864 1, 58 | aeviternity. ~Therefore, to the angel's mind, past and future
865 1, 58 | 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, the angel does not understand by species
866 1, 58 | 13]). But ~the mind of an angel, and every created intellect,
867 1, 58 | Reply OBJ 2: Although the angel's intellect is above that
868 1, 58 | there is succession in the angel's ~intellect, not all things
869 1, 58 | species in the intellect of an angel, in so ~far as they are
870 1, 58 | species ~in the mind of an angel: and so they can be known
871 1, 58 | species, whose image is in the angel; whereas ~this is not true
872 1, 58 | Mt. 22:30). Therefore an angel can see what is in another'
873 1, 58 | Consequently, when one angel beholds ~another, or even
874 1, 58 | our intellect resemble the angel more than ~do the images
875 1, 58 | imagination can be known by an angel as corporeal things ~are
876 1, 58 | Therefore it ~seems that an angel can know the thoughts of
877 1, 58 | be known not only by an angel, but also by ~man; and with
878 1, 58 | Reply OBJ 2: Although one angel sees the intelligible species
879 1, 58 | not follow that, if the angel knows what is passing through
880 1, 58 | twofold knowledge in the angel. The first is ~his natural
881 1, 58 | will of God: ~and if an angel cannot learn the thoughts
882 1, 58 | the thoughts of another angel, which depend ~upon the
883 1, 58 | depend ~upon the will of such angel, much less can he ascertain
884 1, 59 | inquiry:~(1) Whether the angel's intellect be sometimes
885 1, 59 | in act?~(2) Whether the angel can understand many things
886 1, 59 | same time?~(3) Whether the angel's knowledge is discursive?~(
887 1, 59 | there can be error in the angel's intellect?~(6) Whether
888 1, 59 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the angel's intellect is sometimes
889 1, 59 | It would seem that the angel's intellect is sometimes
890 1, 59 | to look." Therefore the ~angel's intellect is sometimes
891 1, 59 | its substance." But the angel's ~intelligence has some
892 1, 59 | Therefore the intellect of an angel is not in potentiality.~
893 1, 59 | consider." In the first way an angel's intellect is ~never in
894 1, 59 | 2/2~In the second way an angel's intellect can be in potentiality
895 1, 59 | 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: In the angel's substance there is no
896 1, 59 | act. In the same way, the angel's intellect is never so
897 1, 59 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel can understand many things
898 1, 59 | 1: It would seem that an angel cannot understand many things
899 1, 59 | Thes. Para. 1/1 ~Whether an angel's knowledge is discursive?~
900 1, 59 | that the knowledge of an angel is discursive. For ~the
901 1, 59 | Therefore the intellect of an angel ~knows by discursive method.~
902 1, 59 | Therefore the intellect of the angel, ~which is higher in the
903 1, 59 | Metaph. vii). ~Therefore an angel's knowledge is discursive.~
904 1, 59 | composition and division in the angel's mind.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[
905 1, 59 | affirmation and negation. But the angel knows certain distant natures
906 1, 59 | Therefore it seems that the angel ~understands by composing
907 1, 59 | intellectual ~power of the angel shines forth with the clear
908 1, 59 | division. ~Therefore the angel understands without composition
909 1, 59 | light is perfect ~in the angel, for he is a pure and most
910 1, 59 | it follows that as the angel does not understand by ~
911 1, 59 | denied of, another. When an angel apprehends the ~nature of
912 1, 59 | falsehood in the intellect of an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[58] A[
913 1, 59 | can be falsehood in the angel's ~intellect. For perversity
914 1, 59 | deception nor falsehood in the angel's ~knowledge.~Aquin.: SMT
915 1, 59 | been said (A[4]) that an angel understands not by ~composing
916 1, 59 | itself in ~the mind of any angel; yet it does so happen accidentally;
917 1, 59 | darkness in the knowledge of an angel; since ~there is no error
918 1, 59 | in a dark place." So the ~angel's knowledge by which he
919 1, 59 | different from the morning, the angel could never exercise his
920 1, 59 | thing can be known by the ~angel through the uncreated Word,
921 1, 60 | Whether the will of the angel is his nature, or his intellect?~(
922 1, 60 | It would seem that in the angel the will does not differ
923 1, 60 | from the nature. For an angel is more simple than a natural ~
924 1, 60 | Therefore much more so is the angel. Now the angel's ~form is
925 1, 60 | so is the angel. Now the angel's ~form is either the nature
926 1, 60 | intellect. Therefore the angel inclines towards the ~good
927 1, 60 | Therefore the will of ~the angel does not differ from his
928 1, 60 | neither the will of the angel, nor that ~of any creature,
929 1, 60 | thing as the intellect ~of angel or man. Because knowledge
930 1, 60 | matters differs from an angel's in this, ~that the one
931 1, 60 | naturally ~have. Consequently an angel would not be perfect in
932 1, 60 | argue imperfection in an ~angel if his will be not determined
933 1, 61 | choice?~(3) Whether the angel loves himself with natural
934 1, 61 | choice?~(4) Whether one angel loves another with natural
935 1, 61 | himself?~(5) Whether the angel loves God more than self
936 1, 61 | love or dilection in an angel?~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[60] A[
937 1, 61 | Dionysius (Div. Nom. iv). But an angel's love is ~intellectual.
938 1, 61 | something. Therefore, since an ~angel is an intellectual nature,
939 1, 61 | nothing unfitting in an angel being moved to act in so
940 1, 61 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the angel loves himself with both
941 1, 61 | It would seem that the angel does not love himself both
942 1, 61 | together. Therefore the angel cannot love himself.~Aquin.:
943 1, 61 | Therefore it seems that an angel cannot love ~himself with
944 1, 61 | upwards. Consequently both angel and man naturally seek their
945 1, 61 | This is to love self. Hence angel and man naturally ~love
946 1, 61 | different aspects ~that an angel or a man loves self with
947 1, 61 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel loves another with natural
948 1, 61 | 1: It would seem that an angel does not love another with
949 1, 61 | follows knowledge. But an angel does ~not know another as
950 1, 61 | Therefore it seems that one angel does not love another ~with
951 1, 61 | ix, 8). Therefore one ~angel does not love another as
952 1, 61 | is ~unremovable. But no angel is the end of another; and
953 1, 61 | good angels. Therefore an angel does not love another with
954 1, 61 | Ecclus. 13:19. Therefore an angel naturally loves another
955 1, 61 | was observed (A[3]), both angel and man naturally love ~
956 1, 61 | it must be said that one angel loves another with natural ~
957 1, 61 | nature. But so far as an ~angel has something else in common
958 1, 61 | else in common with another angel, or differs from ~him in
959 1, 61 | and loved: and thus ~one angel knows another as himself,
960 1, 61 | and lover. And thus one ~angel does not know another as
961 1, 61 | upon natural unity, the angel naturally ~loves less what
962 1, 61 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel by natural love loves God
963 1, 61 | It would seem that the angel does not love God by natural
964 1, 61 | according to natural love, the angel loves God less ~than self,
965 1, 61 | self, or even than another angel.~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[60] A[
966 1, 61 | for itself. Therefore the angel ~does not love God more
967 1, 61 | nature itself. Therefore the angel does not love God ~more
968 1, 61 | self does not remain in the angel or man who sins; for ~Augustine
969 1, 61 | Consequently from ~natural love the angel loves God more than himself.~
970 1, 61 | some who maintained that an angel loves ~God more than himself
971 1, 61 | this good both ~man and angel and all creatures are comprised,
972 1, 61 | that from ~natural love angel and man alike love God before
973 1, 61 | that God is loved by an angel "in so far" ~as He is good
974 1, 61 | far" ~as He is good to the angel, if the expression "in so
975 1, 62 | inquiry:~(1) Whether the angel has a cause of his existence? ~(
976 1, 62 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the angel was produced by God from
977 1, 62 | It would seem that the angel was produced by God from
978 1, 62 | God is the cause of the angel by His being: for He does
979 1, 62 | subject to time. But the angel is above time, as is laid
980 1, 62 | De Causis. Therefore the angel is not at one time existing ~
981 1, 62 | nature of the soul and of the angel is not only incorruptible,
982 1, 62 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: An angel is above that time which
983 1, 62 | more ~eminent way. But an angel is a part of the universe.
984 1, 62 | the person of the sinning angel: "I ~will ascend into heaven" (
985 1, 62 | unto which the sinning angel wished ~to ascend, when
986 1, 63 | first beatitude, ~which the angel could procure by his natural
987 1, 63 | already blessed. Because the angel does not acquire such beatitude
988 1, 63 | natural perfection which ~the angel had in the state of innocence.~
989 1, 63 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: The angel has a twofold knowledge
990 1, 63 | both kinds of knowledge the angel knows things in ~the Word;
991 1, 63 | Word ~was present to the angel from the outset of his creation;
992 1, 63 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether an angel needs grace in order to
993 1, 63 | It would seem that the angel had no need of grace in
994 1, 63 | accomplish ~naturally. But the angel naturally turns to God:
995 1, 63 | 60], A[5]). Therefore ~an angel did not need grace in order
996 1, 63 | a difficult task for the angel to turn to God; because
997 1, 63 | such turning. Therefore the angel had no need of ~grace in
998 1, 63 | infinity. Therefore the angel did not ~need grace to turn
999 1, 63 | turning to God that the angel reached to ~beatitude. If,
1000 1, 63 | it ~must be said that an angel could not of his own will
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