1-500 | 501-1000 | 1001-1450
Part, Question
1 1, 1 | followed in our lives (as in moral ~sciences) and in order
2 1, 1 | Law. ~But law implies a moral science which is a practical
3 1, 1 | with human ~operations; as moral science is concerned with
4 1, 1 | just as a man learned in moral science might ~be able to
5 1, 1 | allegorical, tropological or moral, and ~anagogical. For many
6 1, 1 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. xx, 1): "Holy Writ by the
7 1, 1 | ought to do, there is the moral sense. But so far as they
8 1, 4 | OBJ 1: As Gregory says (Moral. v, 26,29): "Though our
9 1, 19 | unchangeable. Hence Gregory says (Moral. xvi, 5): "The sentence
10 1, 20 | and the habits of ~the moral virtues, as justice, fortitude
11 1, 21 | Reply OBJ 1: Certain of the moral virtues are concerned with
12 1, 21 | the other hand, certain moral virtues are concerned with
13 1, 21 | As to this ~Gregory says (Moral. xxvi, 9): "The evils that
14 1, 22 | science of ~morals, after the moral virtues themselves, comes
15 1, 22 | prudence presupposes the moral ~virtues, by means of which
16 1, 22 | which passage Gregory says (Moral. xxiv, 20): "Himself He
17 1, 26 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. xxxii, 7): "He is in glory,
18 1, 42 | Joan. i). But as Gregory [*Moral. ~xxix, 21] and Augustine [*
19 1, 48 | specific differences in moral things; ~good in itself,
20 1, 48 | end by itself constitute a moral species, except ~as it is
21 1, 49 | good will itself ~that a moral act is judged to be good.
22 1, 50 | Further, according to Gregory (Moral. xvi), "all things would ~
23 1, 57 | thoughts. For Gregory ~(Moral. xviii), explaining Job
24 1, 60 | On the contrary, All the moral precepts of the law come
25 1, 60 | God more than self is a moral precept ~of the law. Therefore,
26 1, 62 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, a moral act seems to be more closely
27 1, 62 | than nature is; because a moral act is preparatory to grace.
28 1, 63 | Further, according to Gregory (Moral. xxxi), many vices spring ~
29 1, 64 | Further, Gregory says (Moral. iv) that man can be reinstated
30 1, 42 | Joan. i). But as Gregory [*Moral. ~xxix, 21] and Augustine [*
31 1, 49 | specific differences in moral things; ~good in itself,
32 1, 49 | end by itself constitute a moral species, except ~as it is
33 1, 50 | good will itself ~that a moral act is judged to be good.
34 1, 51 | Further, according to Gregory (Moral. xvi), "all things would ~
35 1, 58 | thoughts. For Gregory ~(Moral. xviii), explaining Job
36 1, 61 | On the contrary, All the moral precepts of the law come
37 1, 61 | God more than self is a moral precept ~of the law. Therefore,
38 1, 63 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 2: Further, a moral act seems to be more closely
39 1, 63 | than nature is; because a moral act is preparatory to grace.
40 1, 64 | Further, according to Gregory (Moral. xxxi), many vices spring ~
41 1, 65 | Further, Gregory says (Moral. iv) that man can be reinstated
42 1, 83 | which the consideration of moral ~matters belongs. But of
43 1, 83 | while asleep, against the moral law, is ~not imputed to
44 1, 85 | contingent things, as the moral sciences, the objects of
45 1, 88 | Aristotle, Ethic. v, 8: Magn. ~Moral. i, 34).~Aquin.: SMT FP
46 1, 88 | distinct in knowledge" (Moral. xii). Augustine seems ~
47 1, 94 | soul are restrained by the moral ~virtues. But in Adam the
48 1, 94 | virtues. But in Adam the moral virtues were perfect. Therefore
49 1, 94 | Reply OBJ 3: Perfection of moral virtue does not wholly take
50 1, 95 | equal. For Gregory says (Moral. xxi): "Where there is no
51 1, 99 | righteousness. For Gregory says (Moral. iv) on the ~words of Job
52 1, 103 | power, as Gregory says (Moral. ~xvi).~Aquin.: SMT FP Q[
53 1, 106 | another. For ~Gregory says (Moral. xviii) that, in the state
54 1, 106 | But, as Gregory says ~(Moral. ii): "It is fitting that
55 1, 106 | this fact when he says ~(Moral. ii): "To other eyes we
56 1, 106 | Further, Gregory says (Moral. ii): "God speaks to the
57 1, 106 | comprehend; thus Gregory says (Moral. ii) that "the angels ~speak
58 1, 106 | according to what Gregory says ~(Moral. ii): "The less one desires,
59 1, 111 | Wherefore Gregory says (Moral. ~ii) that "the angels do
60 1, 111 | numbering of ~His soldiers?" (Moral. xvii): "Those powers assist,
61 1, 111 | assist. Hence Gregory says (Moral. ii) that "those who are
62 1, 111 | assistants; for, as Gregory says (Moral. ii), "though he has ~lost
63 1, 111 | Further, Gregory says (Moral. xvii) that "there are more
64 1, 112 | But according to Gregory (Moral. xvii), the prince of the
65 1, 118 | for, according to Gregory (Moral. xxxii): "All things were ~
66 2, 1 | said properly of man," ~moral acts properly speaking receive
67 2, 1 | species from the end, for ~moral acts are the same as human
68 2, 1 | species to the human or moral act.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[1]
69 2, 1 | per se" terminus. Now ~moral ends are accidental to a
70 2, 1 | diverse, considered in their moral species, and conversely.~
71 2, 7 | agent to act. Wherefore the moral act is specified chiefly
72 2, 18 | a circumstance places a moral action in the species of
73 2, 18 | better or worse, ~places the moral action in the species of
74 2, 18 | the primary goodness of a moral action is derived from its ~
75 2, 18 | so the primary evil in moral actions is that which is
76 2, 18 | in natural things and in moral actions.~Aquin.: SMT FS
77 2, 18 | seem that good and evil in moral actions do not make a ~difference
78 2, 18 | actions ~are called human or moral, inasmuch as they proceed
79 2, 18 | against reason, diversify the moral ~species.~Aquin.: SMT FS
80 2, 18 | and then it can specify ~a moral act. And it must needs be
81 2, 18 | the other; but then the moral action is contained ~under
82 2, 18 | considered in respect to the moral conditions that are added
83 2, 18 | reason, in regard to which moral actions receive their species.~
84 2, 18 | action, which is called moral, takes its ~species from
85 2, 18 | but this does not imply moral goodness or malice, which
86 2, 18 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, moral good belongs to virtue,
87 2, 18 | belongs to virtue, while moral evil belongs ~to vice. But
88 2, 18 | reason of this is because a moral action, as stated above (
89 2, 18 | properly speaking, is not moral or human; ~since this depends
90 2, 18 | apart from the genus of moral actions.~Aquin.: SMT FS
91 2, 18 | a circumstance places a moral action in the species of
92 2, 18 | circumstance cannot place a moral action in ~the species of
93 2, 18 | accidents in relation to the moral ~action, as stated above (
94 2, 18 | circumstance does not place a moral ~action in a species of
95 2, 18 | circumstance. But place makes a moral action ~to be in a certain
96 2, 18 | Therefore a circumstance makes a moral action to be ~specifically
97 2, 18 | forms, so the species of moral actions are constituted
98 2, 18 | it must needs specify the moral action whether ~good or
99 2, 18 | circumstance that places the moral action ~in the species of
100 2, 18 | several, ~even disparate, moral species, as said above (
101 2, 18 | better or worse, places a ~moral action in a species of good
102 2, 18 | specific differences of moral ~actions. Therefore that
103 2, 18 | goodness or ~malice of a moral action, causes a specific
104 2, 18 | circumstance that makes a moral action better or worse,
105 2, 18 | species ~of good or evil to a moral action, in so far as it
106 2, 18 | circumstance, from which the moral ~action takes its species
107 2, 18 | circumstance that makes a moral action ~better or worse,
108 2, 19 | Therefore it cannot give moral goodness to the will. Therefore
109 2, 19 | the will. Therefore the moral ~goodness of the will does
110 2, 19 | with reason, it enters the moral order, ~and causes moral
111 2, 19 | moral order, ~and causes moral goodness in the act of the
112 2, 19 | the principle of human and moral acts, as stated above (Q[
113 2, 19 | sometimes not. And since moral good and evil consist in
114 2, 19 | takes away the ~character of moral good and evil; but not,
115 2, 19 | must needs follow; so in moral matters, given one absurdity, ~
116 2, 20 | behave aright." Therefore moral good and evil ~are first
117 2, 20 | are ~differences of the moral act. Now differences make
118 2, 20 | Since ~therefore an act is moral from being voluntary, it
119 2, 20 | power is distinct from the moral virtue in the power ~commanded,
120 2, 20 | to form one thing in the moral order, as stated ~above (
121 2, 20 | stated in Ethic. vi, 12, a moral virtue is ordained to ~the
122 2, 20 | one, considered in the moral order; and vice versa, as
123 2, 20 | actions, considered in the moral order, if a change take
124 2, 20 | will is the principle of moral actions. If ~therefore we
125 2, 20 | consider one action in the moral order, it is impossible
126 2, 20 | one as to natural ~and not moral unity, it can be both good
127 2, 20 | not one in the ~point of moral unity.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
128 2, 20 | and passion belong to the moral order, in so far as ~they
129 2, 21 | Further, just as sin occurs in moral actions, so does it happen ~
130 2, 21 | any reason for ~blaming a moral action, in the fact that
131 2, 21 | productions of ~art, and to moral actions. In matters of art,
132 2, 21 | devised by reason: whereas in moral ~matters, it is directed
133 2, 21 | man. On the other hand, in moral matters, where ~we take
134 2, 21 | sin, both as man and as a moral being. Hence the Philosopher
135 2, 21 | in prudence, as in the moral virtues," which prudence
136 2, 24 | of inquiry: ~(1) Whether moral good and evil can be found
137 2, 24 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether moral good and evil can be found
138 2, 24 | morally good or ~evil. For moral good and evil are proper
139 2, 24 | connection with human, i.e. moral, good or evil.~Aquin.: SMT
140 2, 24 | praised and blamed for ~moral good and evil. Therefore
141 2, 24 | appetite, thus there is no moral good ~or evil in them, since
142 2, 24 | the ~reason and will, then moral good and evil are in them.
143 2, 24 | decreases the goodness of a ~moral action. For anything that
144 2, 24 | depends the goodness of a moral act, consequently decreases
145 2, 24 | decreases the goodness ~of the moral act. But every passion hinders
146 2, 24 | decreases the goodness of a moral act.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[24]
147 2, 24 | OBJ 3: Further, just as moral evil depends on its relation
148 2, 24 | to reason, so ~also does moral good. But moral evil is
149 2, 24 | also does moral good. But moral evil is lessened by passion:
150 2, 24 | obedient to reason lessens the moral good. Therefore a ~passion
151 2, 24 | the soul does not lessen moral good.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[24]
152 2, 24 | belongs to ~the perfection of moral good, that the actions of
153 2, 24 | belongs to the perfection of moral or human good, that the
154 2, 24 | belong to the perfection of moral ~good, that man should be
155 2, 24 | which the goodness of the moral act depends, ~they diminish
156 2, 24 | and so ~indicates greater moral goodness. Secondly, by way
157 2, 24 | to its species. Because moral good and evil depend on
158 2, 24 | found ~in other animals. But moral good is in man alone. Therefore
159 2, 24 | natural genus; and thus moral ~good and evil have no connection
160 2, 24 | Secondly, according to its moral genus, inasmuch as it is
161 2, 24 | controlled by reason. In this way moral good and evil can belong
162 2, 24 | is a ~certain likeness of moral good in them, in regard
163 2, 32 | Dei xxii, 31 [*Gregory, ~Moral. iv.] that "oftentimes in
164 2, 34 | rule by which to judge of moral ~good and evil?~Aquin.:
165 2, 34 | For good and evil in the moral order depend on ~agreement
166 2, 34 | rests ~up aloft: so, in the moral order, there is a good pleasure,
167 2, 34 | conjugal ~intercourse has no moral malice, since it is neither
168 2, 34 | proceeds from a kind of moral malice, namely, from the ~
169 2, 34 | pleasure is good in the moral order which depends on the ~
170 2, 34 | rule by which to judge of moral good ~or evil?~Aquin.: SMT
171 2, 34 | not the measure or rule of moral ~good and evil. Because "
172 2, 34 | the first thing in the ~moral genus, for it is preceded
173 2, 34 | of goodness and malice in moral matters.~Aquin.: SMT FS
174 2, 34 | the rule and measure of moral goodness and malice.~Aquin.:
175 2, 34 | Para. 1/2~I answer that, Moral goodness or malice depends
176 2, 34 | appetite are not the rule ~of moral goodness and malice; since
177 2, 46 | OBJ 3: Further, Gregory (Moral. xxi, 4) gives three degrees
178 2, 48 | members. For, as Gregory says (Moral. v, 30) "the heart that ~
179 2, 48 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. v, 30) that anger "withdraws
180 2, 48 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. v, 30) that "when anger
181 2, 48 | Wherefore Gregory says (Moral. v, 30): "Sometimes when
182 2, 51 | habit: just as the habits of moral virtue are caused in the ~
183 2, 51 | principle than the habit of moral virtue produced in the appetitive
184 2, 53 | Some, however, viz. the ~moral virtues, are in the appetitive
185 2, 53 | evident that a habit of moral virtue ~makes a man ready
186 2, 56 | a condition required for moral virtue, ~inasmuch as moral
187 2, 56 | moral virtue, ~inasmuch as moral virtue works according to
188 2, 56 | according to right reason. But moral ~virtue is essentially in
189 2, 56 | Further, "the principal act of moral virtue is choice" (Ethic. ~
190 2, 56 | Q[13], A[2]). ~Therefore moral virtue is not in the irascible
191 2, 56 | and this belongs to the moral virtue; and the preferential ~
192 2, 56 | powers. And therefore those moral ~virtues which are concerned
193 2, 56 | are either intellectual or moral (Ethic. ~ii, 1). Now all
194 2, 56 | Ethic. ~ii, 1). Now all the moral virtues are in the appetite;
195 2, 56 | is either intellectual or moral (Ethic. i, ~13; ii, 1).
196 2, 56 | and not in the will: while moral virtue is subjected in the ~
197 2, 56 | is in the will must be a moral ~virtue, unless it be theological,
198 2, 57 | intellectual virtues; (2) the moral virtues; (3) the theological
199 2, 57 | charity: thus Gregory says (Moral. vi) that the "contemplative
200 2, 57 | will, which is perfected by moral virtue; and for this ~reason
201 2, 57 | virtue of art; namely, a ~moral virtue, in so far as the
202 2, 57 | good use of art requires a moral virtue. ~For it is evident
203 2, 57 | prudence there is need of a ~moral virtue, which rectifies
204 2, 58 | OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MORAL AND INTELLECTUAL VIRTUES (
205 2, 58 | ARTICLES)~We must now consider moral virtues. We shall speak (
206 2, 58 | Whether every virtue is a moral virtue?~(2) Whether moral
207 2, 58 | moral virtue?~(2) Whether moral virtue differs from intellectual
208 2, 58 | adequately divided into moral and intellectual ~virtue?~(
209 2, 58 | 4) Whether there can be moral without intellectual virtue?~(
210 2, 58 | be intellectual without moral ~virtue?~Aquin.: SMT FS
211 2, 58 | Whether every virtue is a moral virtue?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
212 2, 58 | seem that every virtue is a moral virtue. Because moral ~virtue
213 2, 58 | a moral virtue. Because moral ~virtue is so called from
214 2, 58 | Therefore every virtue ~is a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
215 2, 58 | says (Ethic. ii, 6) that moral virtue is ~"a habit of choosing
216 2, 58 | Therefore every ~virtue is a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
217 2, 58 | Therefore every virtue is a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
218 2, 58 | and understanding are not ~moral virtues: and yet they are
219 2, 58 | Therefore not every virtue is a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
220 2, 58 | able ~to discover what a "moral" virtue is. Now "mos" has
221 2, 58 | A[1] Body Para. 2/2~Now "moral" virtue is so called from "
222 2, 58 | Therefore not every virtue is a ~moral virtue, but only those that
223 2, 58 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether moral virtue differs from intellectual
224 2, 58 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtue does not differ from
225 2, 58 | intellectual virtue. Therefore moral ~and intellectual virtue
226 2, 58 | intellectual virtue. Therefore moral virtue should not be ~distinguished
227 2, 58 | Ethic. vi, 13. Therefore moral virtue does not ~differ
228 2, 58 | included in the definition of ~moral virtue: for the Philosopher
229 2, 58 | says (Ethic. ii, 6) that "moral virtue ~is a habit of choosing
230 2, 58 | reason that fixes the mean of moral ~virtue, belongs to an intellectual
231 2, 58 | Ethic. vi, 13. ~Therefore moral virtue does not differ from
232 2, 58 | call intellectual; some moral."~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[58] A[
233 2, 58 | disposed by means of a habit of moral virtue. And so moral differs
234 2, 58 | of moral virtue. And so moral differs from intellectual
235 2, 58 | partakes of reason, so are moral ~habits to be considered
236 2, 58 | included ~in the definition of moral virtue, not as part of its
237 2, 58 | participation to all the moral virtues, in ~so far as they
238 2, 58 | adequately divided into moral and intellectual?~Aquin.:
239 2, 58 | adequately divided into moral ~and intellectual. For prudence
240 2, 58 | seems to be a mean between moral and ~intellectual virtue,
241 2, 58 | cardinal ~virtues, which are moral virtues, as we shall show
242 2, 58 | divided into intellectual and ~moral, as though there were no
243 2, 58 | virtues. Yet neither are they moral virtues; since ~they do
244 2, 58 | divided into ~intellectual and moral.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[58] A[
245 2, 58 | 3,5). Neither are they moral virtues; since they are
246 2, 58 | are the chief concern of moral virtue. Therefore virtue ~
247 2, 58 | divided into intellectual and moral.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[58] A[
248 2, 58 | twofold, intellectual and moral."~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[58] A[
249 2, 58 | appetite, it will be a ~moral virtue. It follows therefore
250 2, 58 | either ~intellectual or moral.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[58] A[
251 2, 58 | something in common with the ~moral virtues: for it is right
252 2, 58 | it is reckoned with the ~moral virtues.~Aquin.: SMT FS
253 2, 58 | itself well in respect of moral matters, presupposes ~a
254 2, 58 | 1/1~Whether there can be moral without intellectual virtue?~
255 2, 58 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral can be without intellectual
256 2, 58 | intellectual virtue. ~Because moral virtue, as Cicero says (
257 2, 58 | in a man there may be a ~moral virtue like a second nature,
258 2, 58 | Therefore it seems ~that moral virtue can be without intellectual.~
259 2, 58 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further moral virtue makes us inclined
260 2, 58 | do good works. Therefore moral virtues can be without ~
261 2, 58 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. xxii) that "the other virtues, ~
262 2, 58 | Q[57], A[5]). ~Therefore moral virtues cannot be without
263 2, 58 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, Moral virtue can be without some
264 2, 58 | understanding and ~prudence. Moral virtue cannot be without
265 2, 58 | end; and this is done by moral virtue, which inclines the
266 2, 58 | Wherefore there can be no moral virtue ~without prudence:
267 2, 58 | But the inclination of moral virtue is with choice: and ~
268 2, 58 | And consequently, although moral virtue be not right reason,
269 2, 58 | be intellectual without moral virtue?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
270 2, 58 | be intellectual without moral ~virtue. Because perfection
271 2, 58 | reason, does not depend on moral virtue, which is a perfection
272 2, 58 | prudence can be without the moral ~virtue, although of all
273 2, 58 | seems most akin to ~the moral virtues.~Aquin.: SMT FS
274 2, 58 | counsel without having the moral ~virtues. Therefore prudence
275 2, 58 | prudence can be without a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
276 2, 58 | evil is directly opposed to moral virtue; ~and yet it is not
277 2, 58 | anything that can be without moral virtue. ~Now it is contrary
278 2, 58 | prudence cannot be without moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
279 2, 58 | prudence cannot, be ~without moral virtue. The reason for this
280 2, 58 | the end. This is done ~by moral virtue: for the virtuous
281 2, 58 | prudence, ~requires man to have moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
282 2, 58 | which is the principle in moral matters: in the ~former
283 2, 58 | removed; and this is done by moral virtue.~
284 2, 59 | 59] Out. Para. 1/1 - OF MORAL VIRTUE IN RELATION TO THE
285 2, 59 | consider the difference of one moral virtue from another. ~And
286 2, 59 | another. ~And since those moral virtues which are about
287 2, 59 | the different kinds of moral virtue in ~relation to the
288 2, 59 | of ~inquiry:~(1) Whether moral virtue is a passion?~(2)
289 2, 59 | 2) Whether there can be moral virtue with passion?~(3)
290 2, 59 | sorrow is compatible with moral virtue? ~(4) Whether every
291 2, 59 | virtue? ~(4) Whether every moral virtue is about a passion?~(
292 2, 59 | 5) Whether there can be moral virtue without passion?~
293 2, 59 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether moral virtue is a passion?~Aquin.:
294 2, 59 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtue is a passion. Because
295 2, 59 | genus as the extremes. But moral virtue is a mean between
296 2, 59 | two ~passions. Therefore moral virtue is a passion.~Aquin.:
297 2, 59 | Therefore a passion may be a moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
298 2, 59 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, Moral virtue cannot be a passion.
299 2, 59 | above (Q[22], A[3]): whereas moral virtue is not a ~movement,
300 2, 59 | Hence the definition of moral virtue (Ethic. ii, 6) ~states
301 2, 59 | 1/1~Whether there can be moral virtue with passion?~Aquin.:
302 2, 59 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtue cannot be with passion.
303 2, 59 | same applies to all the moral virtues. Therefore all moral ~
304 2, 59 | moral virtues. Therefore all moral ~virtues are without passion.~
305 2, 59 | Para. 1/1~OBJ 3: Further, moral virtue requires perfect
306 2, 59 | passion is incompatible with moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
307 2, 59 | praiseworthy is incompatible with moral virtue. Therefore moral ~
308 2, 59 | moral virtue. Therefore moral ~virtue does not exclude
309 2, 59 | passions are compatible with moral ~virtue, if they be reduced
310 2, 59 | sorrow is compatible with moral virtue?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
311 2, 59 | sorrow is compatible ~with moral virtue in the same way as
312 2, 59 | Para. 1/1~Whether all the moral virtues are about the passions?~
313 2, 59 | would seem that all the moral virtues are about the passions. ~
314 2, 59 | says (Ethic. ii, 3) that "moral virtue is about ~objects
315 2, 59 | 2). Therefore all ~the moral virtues are about the passions.~
316 2, 59 | Further, the subject of the moral virtues is a faculty which
317 2, 59 | A[3]). ~Therefore every moral virtue is about the passions.~
318 2, 59 | is to be found in every moral virtue: and ~so either all
319 2, 59 | 6,10. ~Therefore all the moral virtues are about the passions.~
320 2, 59 | contrary, Justice, which is a moral virtue, is not about the ~
321 2, 59 | Para. 1/1~I answer that, Moral virtue perfects the appetitive
322 2, 59 | Consequently there are ~moral virtues about all matters
323 2, 59 | Therefore not all the moral virtues are about ~passions,
324 2, 59 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: The moral virtues are not all about
325 2, 59 | 1/1~Whether there can be moral virtue without passion?~
326 2, 59 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtue can be without passion.
327 2, 59 | passion. For the ~more perfect moral virtue is, the more does
328 2, 59 | appetite, it is plain that moral virtues, which are about ~
329 2, 59 | otherwise it would follow that moral virtue ~makes the sensitive
330 2, 59 | 5] Body Para. 2/2~Those moral virtues, however, which
331 2, 60 | Out. Para. 1/1 - HOW THE MORAL VIRTUES DIFFER FROM ONE
332 2, 60 | must now consider how the moral virtues differ from one
333 2, 60 | Whether there is only one moral virtue?~(2) Whether those
334 2, 60 | virtue?~(2) Whether those moral virtues which are about
335 2, 60 | Whether there is but one moral virtue about operations?~(
336 2, 60 | Whether there are different moral virtues about different
337 2, 60 | passions?~(5) Whether the moral virtues differ in point
338 2, 60 | Whether there is only one moral virtue?~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
339 2, 60 | seem that there is only one moral virtue. Because just ~as
340 2, 60 | just ~as the direction of moral actions belongs to reason
341 2, 60 | which is the subject of moral virtues. But there is only
342 2, 60 | intellectual virtue to direct all moral acts, viz. prudence. Therefore ~
343 2, 60 | Therefore ~there is also but one moral virtue to give all moral
344 2, 60 | moral virtue to give all moral acts their ~respective inclinations.~
345 2, 60 | aspect of the good to which moral virtue is directed, is one
346 2, 60 | seemingly, there is but one moral ~virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS
347 2, 60 | but one common end of all ~moral virtues, viz. happiness,
348 2, 60 | infinite in number. But the moral virtues themselves are not
349 2, 60 | But the subject of the moral virtues is the appetitive ~
350 2, 60 | there cannot be only one ~moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
351 2, 60 | Q[58], AA[1],2,3), the moral virtues are ~habits of the
352 2, 60 | Now it is evident that in moral matters the reason holds
353 2, 60 | so that it follows that moral virtues are of various species
354 2, 60 | reason is truth. Now in all moral ~matters, which are contingent
355 2, 60 | 3 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 3: Moral matters do not receive their
356 2, 60 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether moral virtues about operations
357 2, 60 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtues are not divided
358 2, 60 | says (Ethic. ii, 3) that moral virtue is "an operative
359 2, 60 | also. Therefore the same moral virtues ~are about both
360 2, 60 | effects; and in this way every moral virtue has ~some good operations
361 2, 60 | operation may be compared to moral virtue as the matter about ~
362 2, 60 | and in this sense those moral virtues which ~are about
363 2, 60 | Whether there is only one moral virtue about operations?~
364 2, 60 | seem that there is but one moral virtue about ~operations.
365 2, 60 | cause diversity among the ~moral virtues: for the Philosopher
366 2, 60 | not cause a diversity of moral ~virtues.~Aquin.: SMT FS
367 2, 60 | Further, if there are various moral virtues about various ~operations,
368 2, 60 | operations, diversity of moral virtues would needs follow
369 2, 60 | contrary, Religion is a moral virtue distinct from piety,
370 2, 60 | 1~I answer that, All the moral virtues that are about operations
371 2, 60 | Whether there are different moral virtues about different
372 2, 60 | there are not different moral virtues about ~different
373 2, 60 | Therefore there is but one moral virtue ~about all the passions.~
374 2, 60 | if there were different moral virtues about different ~
375 2, 60 | follow that there are as many moral virtues as ~passions. But
376 2, 60 | case: since there is one moral ~virtue about contrary passions;
377 2, 60 | is no need for ~different moral virtues about different
378 2, 60 | there are not different moral ~virtues about different
379 2, 60 | said that there is only one moral virtue ~about all the passions:
380 2, 60 | suffice for a diversity of moral virtues. First, because
381 2, 60 | same virtue. Because, since moral ~virtue consists in a kind
382 2, 60 | do not require different moral ~virtues, because their
383 2, 60 | suffice for ~the unity of moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
384 2, 60 | passions there is but one moral virtue, which, like a second ~
385 2, 60 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the moral virtues differ in point
386 2, 60 | It would seem that the moral virtues do not differ according
387 2, 60 | of operations. Now those moral virtues that are ~about
388 2, 60 | Therefore neither do those ~moral virtues that are about passions
389 2, 60 | diversify the species of moral virtue: so that there is ~
390 2, 60 | so that there is ~but one moral virtue about all objects
391 2, 60 | applies to others. Therefore moral virtue is not diversified
392 2, 60 | Aristotle, there are ten ~moral virtues about the passions,
393 2, 60 | Consequently there are various moral virtues about ~desires,
394 2, 61 | inquiry:~(1) Whether the moral virtues should be called
395 2, 61 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the moral virtues should be called
396 2, 61 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtues should not be called
397 2, 61 | about the end; while the moral virtues are about ~the means.
398 2, 61 | virtues, rather than the moral ~virtues, should be called
399 2, 61 | essentially rational: whereas the moral virtues ~belong to that
400 2, 61 | principal, rather than ~the moral virtues.~Aquin.: SMT FS
401 2, 61 | fortitude." But these ~are moral virtues. Therefore the moral
402 2, 61 | moral virtues. Therefore the moral virtues are cardinal virtues.~
403 2, 61 | principal virtues. Such are the moral virtues, and ~prudence alone,
404 2, 61 | is also something of ~a moral virtue, as was clearly shown
405 2, 61 | fittingly placed ~among the moral virtues.~Aquin.: SMT FS
406 2, 61 | prudence, rank ~before the moral virtues, in the point of
407 2, 61 | directing principle of the other moral virtues, as is ~clear from
408 2, 61 | principal virtues are, in a way, moral virtues. Now ~we are directed
409 2, 61 | Now ~we are directed to moral works both by the practical
410 2, 61 | contrary, Gregory says (Moral. ii): "The entire structure
411 2, 61 | another. For Gregory says (Moral. xxii, 1): "There is ~no
412 2, 61 | it is ~fitting that every moral virtue, from the fact that
413 2, 61 | to the fact that it is a "moral virtue" partaking of reason, ~
414 2, 61 | habit, and virtue, and moral virtue.~Aquin.: SMT FS Q[
415 2, 62 | from the intellectual ~and moral virtues?~(3) How many, and
416 2, 62 | from the intellectual and ~moral virtues?~Aquin.: SMT FS
417 2, 62 | are not distinct from ~the moral and intellectual virtues.
418 2, 62 | appetitive part, are called moral. Therefore, the theological
419 2, 62 | are not distinct from the moral and intellectual virtues.~
420 2, 62 | theological virtue. Therefore the moral virtues are not distinct
421 2, 62 | while the intellectual and moral virtues are in proportion ~
422 2, 62 | of the intellectual and moral ~virtues is something comprehensible
423 2, 62 | specifically distinct from the moral and ~intellectual virtues.~
424 2, 62 | 1: The intellectual and moral virtues perfect man's intellect ~
425 2, 62 | than the ~intellectual and moral virtues. Now faith is not
426 2, 62 | is not reckoned among the moral ~virtues, but is something
427 2, 63 | habituation?~(3) Whether any moral virtues are in us by infusion?~(
428 2, 63 | nurseries of intellectual and moral ~virtues, and in so far
429 2, 63 | ways, both intellectual and moral virtues are in ~us by way
430 2, 63 | rectification belongs to moral ~virtue. Accordingly human
431 2, 63 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether any moral virtues are in us by infusion?~
432 2, 63 | mean." Now intellectual and moral virtues can be ~caused in
433 2, 63 | virtues, intellectual and moral, that are acquired by ~our
434 2, 63 | theological virtues, what ~the moral and intellectual virtues
435 2, 63 | Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Some moral and intellectual virtues
436 2, 63 | end. Therefore the infused moral or intellectual ~virtue
437 2, 63 | way, too, ~those infused moral virtues, whereby men behave
438 2, 64 | of ~inquiry:~(1) Whether moral virtue observes the mean?~(
439 2, 64 | 2) Whether the mean of moral virtue is the real mean
440 2, 64 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether moral virtues observe the mean?~
441 2, 64 | OBJ 1: It would seem that moral virtue does not observe
442 2, 64 | limit of power." Therefore moral virtue does not ~observe
443 2, 64 | is not a mean. Now some moral virtues tend ~to a maximum:
444 2, 64 | 3. ~Therefore not every moral virtue observes the mean.~
445 2, 64 | if it is essential to a moral virtue to observe the ~mean,
446 2, 64 | mean, it follows that a moral virtue is not perfected,
447 2, 64 | something extreme. Now some moral virtues ~are perfected by
448 2, 64 | that it is not essential to moral ~virtue that it should observe
449 2, 64 | says (Ethic. ii, 6) that "moral virtue ~is a habit of choosing
450 2, 64 | direct man to good. Now moral virtue is properly a ~perfection
451 2, 64 | evident that the good of moral virtue consists in ~conformity
452 2, 64 | Therefore it is ~evident that moral virtue observes the mean.~
453 2, 64 | 1 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 1: Moral virtue derives goodness
454 2, 64 | If therefore we ~compare moral virtue to reason, then,
455 2, 64 | deformity. ~But if we consider moral virtue in respect of its
456 2, 64 | 1/1~Whether the mean of moral virtue is the real mean,
457 2, 64 | would seem that the mean of moral virtue is not the rational ~
458 2, 64 | real mean. For the good of moral virtue consists in its ~
459 2, 64 | themselves. Therefore the mean of moral virtue is a real mean.~Aquin.:
460 2, 64 | power of apprehension. But moral virtue ~does not observe
461 2, 64 | passions. Therefore the mean of moral virtue is not the ~rational,
462 2, 64 | 3. Therefore the mean of moral virtue is not the ~rational,
463 2, 64 | says (Ethic. ii, 6) that "moral virtue ~observes the mean
464 2, 64 | mean: in this sense, ~since moral virtue perfects not the
465 2, 64 | appetitive power, the mean of moral virtue is not the rational
466 2, 64 | this sense every mean of moral ~virtue is a rational mean,
467 2, 64 | as above stated (A[1]), moral virtue is ~said to observe
468 2, 64 | in which case the mean of moral virtue is the real mean,
469 2, 64 | the mean in all ~the other moral virtues. The reason for
470 2, 64 | nor ~less. But the other moral virtues deal with interior
471 2, 64 | observe the ~mean. Because moral virtue observes the mean
472 2, 64 | 2: Further, the mean of moral virtue is fixed by an intellectual ~
473 2, 64 | intellectual ~virtue, like moral virtue, is directed to the
474 2, 64 | of reason is the mean of moral virtue, and also the mean
475 2, 64 | ruling and measuring, of moral virtue, as ruled ~and measured
476 2, 64 | 2: Further, the mean of moral virtue depends on the appetite
477 2, 64 | good of intellectual and moral virtues consists in a ~mean
478 2, 64 | 2 Para. 1/1~Reply OBJ 2: Moral and intellectual virtues
479 2, 65 | inquiry:~(1) Whether the moral virtues are connected with
480 2, 65 | another?~(2) Whether the moral virtues can be without charity?~(
481 2, 65 | Thes. Para. 1/1~Whether the moral virtues are connected with
482 2, 65 | It would seem that the moral virtues are not connected
483 2, 65 | with one ~another. Because moral virtues are sometimes caused
484 2, 65 | is possible to have one moral virtue without another.~
485 2, 65 | magnificence and magnanimity are moral virtues. Now a ~man may
486 2, 65 | Now a ~man may have other moral virtues without having magnificence
487 2, 65 | magnanimous." Therefore the moral virtues are not ~connected
488 2, 65 | OBJ 3: Further, as the moral virtues perfect the appetitive
489 2, 65 | Neither, therefore, are the moral ~virtues connected with
490 2, 65 | 1~OBJ 4: Further, if the moral virtues are mutually connected,
491 2, 65 | suffice to connect the moral virtues together. For, seemingly,
492 2, 65 | to be done. Therefore the moral ~virtues are not necessarily
493 2, 65 | another": and Gregory says ~(Moral. xxii, 1) that "one virtue
494 2, 65 | Para. 1/3~I answer that, Moral virtue may be considered
495 2, 65 | imperfect. An imperfect moral virtue, temperance for instance,
496 2, 65 | habituation. If ~we take the moral virtues in this way, they
497 2, 65 | Para. 2/3~But the perfect moral virtue is a habit that inclines
498 2, 65 | deed well; and if we take moral virtues in this way, we
499 2, 65 | connection by Gregory, who says (Moral. xxii, 1) that "a virtue ~
500 2, 65 | above (Q[58], A[4]), ~no moral virtue can be without prudence;
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