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1 1 | the physical senses, which we have not settled by our
2 1 | understanding, and cannot - here we must believe, without hesitation,
3 1 | the end of our endeavor. We begin in faith,~we are perfected
4 1 | endeavor. We begin in faith,~we are perfected in sight.~8
5 1 | heretics as well. For if we think carefully about the~
6 1 | about the~meaning of Christ, we shall see that among some
7 1 | take too long - because we would then have to review
8 1 | the label "Christian,"~and we would have to show that
9 1 | would have to show that what we have said of all is true
10 1 | your bookshelf. Therefore we may return to these three
11 1 | three ways in which, as we said, God~should be served:
12 2 | will be saved."~12 ~Thus, we have the Lord's Prayer.
13 2 | not believed?"~13 Thus, we have the Symbol. In these
14 2 | the Symbol. In these two we have the~three theological
15 2 | possible to hope for what we do not believe in? We can,
16 2 | what we do not believe in? We can, of course, believe
17 2 | believe in~something that we do not hope for. Who among
18 2 | as well as to good, since we believe in both the good~
19 2 | present and ~future. For we believe that Christ died;
20 2 | died; this is a past event. We believe that he sitteth
21 2 | right hand; this is present. We believe that he will come
22 2 | but even about angels, we believe~many things that
23 2 | use the term "faith,"~as we are taught in "the sacred
24 2 | hope for it? ~If, however, we hope for what we do not
25 2 | however, we hope for what we do not see, we then wait
26 2 | for what we do not see, we then wait for it in patience."~18
27 2 | love. Instead, believing as we do that what we hope~for
28 2 | believing as we do that what we hope~for and love is coming
29 3 | Wherefore, when it is asked what we ought to believe in matters
30 3 | physicists."~20 Nor should we be dismayed if Christians
31 3 | after all, is anything we call evil except the privation
32 3(22) | Augustinian metaphysics. We see it in his earliest writings,
33 4 | is a being, is good, if we then ~say that a defective
34 4 | would seem to mean that we are saying that what is
35 4 | inevitable. At the same time, we must take warning lest we
36 4 | we must take warning lest we incur the~prophetic judgment
37 4 | evil good? When,~however, we distinguish between these
38 4 | between these two concepts, we find that the bad man is
39 4 | creation. It also means that we are praising the defects
40 4 | in~these two contraries we call evil and good, the
41 4 | 15. But when we say that evil has its source
42 4 | Nevertheless, from good soil we can see both vines and thorns
43 5 | such things as this.~But we ought to know the causes
44 5 | errors and distresses. ~We must always aim at that
45 5 | concern~in these matters which we ought to understand than
46 5 | our own health. But when we are in~ignorance of such
47 5 | ignorance of such things, we seek out a physician, who
48 5 | 17. Although we should beware of error wherever
49 5 | happened to us once, when we mistook the way at ~a crossroads
50 5 | lay in wait to ambush~us. We finally arrived at the place
51 5 | arrived at the place where we were going, but only by
52 5 | learning of the ambush, we were glad to have erred
53 5 | Actually, the wretched lives~we lead come partly from this:
54 6 | intention is to lie. If we do~not consider the things
55 6 | essence of lying. But when we do consider the things spoken~
56 6 | 19. In some things, then, we are deceived in great matters;
57 6 | who call evil good." For we should understand that this~
58 6 | evil if the~wicked man whom we supposed to be good actually
59 7 | perceptions occur which we experience in the spirit (
60 7 | perceptual illusions when we think something is smooth~
61 7 | unless they are believed, we cannot~attain to the happy
62 7 | It is a question whether we ought ~to argue with those
63 7 | err who is not alive. That we live is therefore not only~
64 7 | certain~concerning which, if we withhold positive assent,
65 7 | devoured by~a wild beast. We may err through false impressions
66 7 | in God still safe,~nor do we thus leave the way that
67 7 | readily subject to vanity that~we judge the false for true,
68 7 | affect that faith by which we move forward to affirm~truth
69 7 | unrelated to the misery in which we still exist. ~Actually,
70 7 | exist. ~Actually, of course, we would be deceived in nothing
71 7 | our physical~senses, if we were already enjoying that
72 7 | used, is a sin.~Nor should we suppose that there is any
73 7 | not a sin, just because we~suppose that we can sometimes
74 7 | because we~suppose that we can sometimes help somebody
75 7 | help somebody by lying. For we could also do this by stealing,
76 7 | was not a sin. Or again, we~could also "help" by committing
77 7 | to be dying for love if we would~not consent to her
78 7 | would be a sin. If, then, we hold chastity in such high
79 8 | of treatise, as to what we~need to know about the causes
80 8 | happiness without anxiety -~we ought not to doubt in any
81 9 | over an even larger number. We~know neither the number
82 9 | he added~further, "For we are his workmanship, created
83 9 | us to walk in them."~53~We are then truly free when
84 9 | doing by his grace,~that we may indeed be new creatures
85 9 | from the mercy of God. Thus we accept the dictum, "It is
86 9 | the will of man. But if we say rightly that "it is
87 9 | in the Sacred Eloquence we read both, "His ~mercy goes
88 9 | frustrated. ~Otherwise, why are we admonished to pray for our
89 9 | wills?~63 Or~again, why are we admonished to ask in order
90 9 | that He who grants us what~we will is he through whom
91 9 | whom it comes to pass that we will? We pray for enemies,
92 9 | comes to pass that we will? We pray for enemies, therefore,
93 9 | them, as it goes before us; we pray for ourselves that
94 10 | all our days are wasted; we are ruined in thy wrath;
95 10 | Wherefore the apostle says, "For we too were by nature children
96 10 | apostle says, "For if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled
97 10 | if, when we were enemies, we were reconciled to God by
98 10 | reconciled by his blood we shall be saved from wrath
99 10 | Jesus Christ our Lord - that we are reconciled to God through
100 10 | the ~Holy Spirit so that we may be changed from enemies
101 10 | dwelt among us,"~70 so that we should then believe~in "
102 10 | course, by the term "flesh" we ought here to understand~"
103 10 | justified. Yet certainly we must say that in that~assumption
104 10 | both these in a unity as we said before. But he is one
105 11 | among us," he~added, "and we beheld his glory, a glory
106 12 | 38. Are we, then, to say that the Holy
107 12 | the Holy~Spirit as man? Do we suppose that the Holy Spirit
108 12 | hear it. Actually, then, as we confess our Lord Jesus Christ,
109 12 | Holy Spirit.~How, then, do we say that Christ is born
110 12 | be shown by examples, but we should not dwell too long
111 12 | speak of it. ~So, then, when we confess, "Born of the Holy
112 12 | 39. Consequently we should not grant that whatever
113 12 | of the Holy~Spirit.~What we said about the hair and
114 13 | said,~"For Christ's sake, we beseech you to be reconciled
115 13 | made to be sin for us that we might be made to be the
116 13 | He does not say, as we read in some defective copies, "
117 13 | for us." The God to whom we are to be reconciled hath
118 13 | sacrifice for sin by which we may be reconciled.~He himself
119 13 | himself is therefore sin as we ourselves are righteousness -
120 13 | from the old death in which we~had been dead to sin.~
121 13 | And in our own Scriptures we read: "Pray~therefore to
122 13 | of the plural number, as we say when infants~are baptized "
123 13 | remission of sin," then we~have the converse expression
124 13 | repentance - as, indeed, we see it happen even after
125 14 | and to do this so that we may understand nothing~other
126 14 | asks: "What, then, shall we say? Shall we continue in
127 14 | then, shall we say? Shall we continue in sin, that grace
128 14 | forbid!" and adds, "How shall we,~who are dead to sin, live
129 14 | Then, to show that we are dead to sin, "Do~you
130 14 | Do~you not know that all we who were baptized in Christ
131 14 | therefore, the fact that we are baptized into the death
132 14 | death of Christ shows that we are dead to sin,~then certainly
133 14 | exception in the saying, "All we who are baptized into Christ
134 14 | of this is to show that we are dead to sin. Yet what
135 14 | pertains to this: "Therefore we were buried with him by
136 14 | glory of the Father, even so we also should walk in~the
137 14 | newness of life. For if we have been united with him
138 14 | the likeness of his death, we shall be~also united with
139 14 | destroyed, that henceforth we should not serve~sin. For
140 14 | is freed from sin. Now if we are dead with Christ, we
141 14 | we are dead with Christ, we believe that we ~shall also
142 14 | Christ, we believe that we ~shall also live with him:
143 14 | had set out to prove that we should not go on sinning,
144 14 | abound, and had said, "If we have died to sin, how, then,
145 14 | to sin, how, then, shall we~go on living in it?" And
146 14 | And then to show that we were dead to sin, he had
147 14 | the Christian life which we lead here on the earth.
148 14 | and of his burial, "For we are buried with Christ by
149 14 | glory of the Father, so we also ~should walk with him
150 14 | 54. Now what we believe concerning Christ'
151 14 | s future actions, since we confess that he will~come
152 14 | to this life of ours as~we live it here on earth, because
153 14 | dead." On the one hand, we may ~understand by "the
154 14 | flesh~when he comes; and we may understand by "the dead"
155 15 | 56. Now, when we have spoken of Jesus Christ,
156 15 | our confession of faith, we go on to affirm that we
157 15 | we go on to affirm that we believe also in the Holy
158 15 | which is God; and after that we call to mind our faith "
159 15 | in holy Church." By~this we are given to ~understand
160 15 | founder. By the~Church here we are to understand the whole
161 15 | 57. But what can we affirm about that part of
162 15 | general title "angels" - as we~read in the Epistle to the
163 15 | communicate through~dreams, as we read in the Gospel: "Behold,
164 16 | good angels, even if~then we believe him good, the error
165 16 | at the end of the age, we are joined to it, ~to possess,
166 16 | better known to us because we are in it, and because it ~
167 16 | cannot be known by us until we have entered into it. For
168 16 | our understanding may be, "we know in part, and we see
169 16 | be, "we know in part, and we see in a glass darkly."~129
170 16 | glass darkly."~129 But ~when we shall have become "equal
171 16 | then, even as they do, "we shall see~face to face."~131
172 16 | see~face to face."~131 And we shall then have as great
173 16 | they have toward us;~for we shall come to love them
174 16 | to love them as much as we are loved by them.~In this
175 17 | no matter how vigorously we progress in righteousness),
176 17 | every sin is a crime. Thus we can say of the life of holy
177 17 | found without crime. "But if we say that we have no sin,"~
178 17 | crime. "But if we say that we have no sin,"~as the great
179 17 | the great apostle says, "we deceive even ourselves,
180 17 | from the body of Christ, we should not consider the
181 17 | mother of us all."~139 Thus we see~even infants, after
182 17 | to the end,~says: "For if we judge ourselves truly we
183 17 | we judge ourselves truly we should not be judged by
184 17 | judged by the Lord. But when we are~judged, we are chastised
185 17 | But when we are~judged, we are chastised by the Lord,
186 17 | chastised by the Lord, that we may not be condemned along
187 18(141)| or, possibly, 423; thus we have a terminus ad quem
188 19 | 70. We must beware, however, lest
189 19 | to be bought off, as if we~always had a license to
190 19 | also they truly say, "As we forgive our~debtors"~156;
191 19 | of~alms, by which, when we do them, we are helped in
192 19 | which, when we do them, we are helped in obtaining
193 19 | so great a multitude as we believe are heard~when,
194 19 | Forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors." Accordingly,
195 19 | when he prays,~saying, "As we forgive our debtors." For
196 19 | Forgive us our debts when we ask for~forgiveness, as
197 19 | ask for~forgiveness, as we also forgive our debtors
198 20 | clean to you.'"~162~Should we interpret this to mean that
199 20 | of the new birth is that we should become~pleasing to
200 20 | displeased with the sin we contracted in birth. This
201 20 | first ~almsgiving, which we give to ourselves - when
202 20 | mercy of a merciful God we come to~inquire about our
203 20 | the just verdict by which we were put~in need of that
204 20 | toward us in that, while we were yet sinners,~Christ
205 20 | for us."~167 Thus, when we come to a valid estimate
206 20 | love he himself giveth us, we then begin to live piously
207 20 | outward" - as elsewhere we read, "Make clean the inside,
208 20 | rejecting the kind of alms we give of the earth's bounty,
209 21 | judgment to determine. For we see that, in respect of
210 21 | be defrauded?"~177 Thus we are brought back to that
211 21 | apostle James confesses, "we all offend in many ~things,"~180
212 21 | follows this petition, "As we also forgive our debtors."~
213 21 | they are more serious than we think. For who would suppose
214 21 | are lucky or unlucky - if we did not infer the magnitude
215 21 | to be public customs that we not only do not dare excommunicate
216 21 | excommunicate a layman;~we do not dare degrade a clergyman
217 21 | Woe to the sins of men! We shrink from them~only when
218 21 | shrink from them~only when we are not accustomed to them.
219 21 | for those sins to which we are accustomed -~although
220 21 | living with them often we come to~tolerate them, and,
221 21 | them, and, tolerating them, we even practice some of them!
222 21 | But grant, O Lord, that we~do not practice any of them
223 21 | practice any of them which we could prohibit!" I shall
224 22 | my short~treatises.~186 We sin from two causes: either
225 22 | either from not seeing what we ought to do, or else~from
226 22 | else~from not doing what we have already seen we ought
227 22 | what we have already seen we ought to do. Of these two,
228 22 | evil; the second, weakness.~We must surely fight against
229 22 | fight against both; but we shall as surely be defeated
230 22 | surely be defeated unless we are divinely~helped, not
231 22 | helped, not only to see what we ought to do, but also, as
232 22 | by fearing to lose them - we fall, open-eyed, into known
233 22 | sin. In this latter ~case, we are not only sinners - which
234 22 | not only sinners - which we are even when we sin through
235 22 | which we are even when we sin through ignorance -
236 22 | but also~lawbreakers: for we do not do what we should,
237 22 | lawbreakers: for we do not do what we should, and we do what we
238 22 | not do what we should, and we do what we know already
239 22 | we should, and we do what we know already we should not.~
240 22 | do what we know already we should not.~Accordingly,
241 22 | should not.~Accordingly, we should pray for pardon if
242 22 | should pray for pardon if we have sinned, as we do when
243 22 | pardon if we have sinned, as we do when we say, "Forgive~
244 22 | have sinned, as we do when we say, "Forgive~us our debts
245 22 | Forgive~us our debts as we also forgive our debtors."
246 22 | forgive our debtors." But we should also pray that God
247 22 | away from sin, and this we do when we say, "Lead us
248 22 | sin, and this we do when we say, "Lead us not into ~
249 22 | into ~temptation" - and we should make our petitions
250 23 | could be "reborn." ~For, if we say that there is a resurrection
251 23 | resurrection for them, then we can agree that at least
252 23 | quickly die, nor should we believe that they will be
253 23 | bear with,~so neither shall we have to bear with ourselves
254 24 | 96. Nor should we doubt that God doth well,
255 24 | what he does will.~Unless we believe this, the very beginning
256 24 | the~sentence in which we profess to believe in God
257 24 | 97. Accordingly, we must now inquire about the
258 24 | the human will.~Now, when we ask for the reason why not
259 24 | or not willing. For, if we could attribute to their
260 24 | resist as hard as they can, we would then have to say that
261 25 | adds: "What therefore shall~we say to this? Is there unrighteousness
262 25 | hardeneth" - God forbid that we should be ashamed to give
263 25 | to give the same reply as we see~the apostle giving: "
264 27 | 103. Accordingly, when we hear and read in sacred
265 27 | be saved,"~221 although we know well enough that not
266 27 | that not all men are saved, we are not on~that account
267 27 | omnipotent will of God. Rather, we must understand the~Scripture, "
268 27 | made that statement. Thus, we are also to understand what
269 27 | them - but by "all men" we~are to understand the whole
270 27 | the exalted - a paradox we have already seen exemplified.
271 27 | lands. Therefore, just as we should interpret "every
272 27 | every kind of herb," so also we can interpret "all men"
273 27 | mean "all kinds of men." We~could interpret it in any
274 27 | other fashion, as long as we are not compelled to believe
275 28 | whatever to serve sin. For we surely ought not to find
276 28 | rightly called free, when we so desire happiness that
277 28 | so desire happiness that we not only are~unwilling to
278 28 | by the Lord"~231 so that we may receive the other gifts
279 28 | gifts of God through which we~come to the Gift eternal -
280 28 | gratuitous, is not grace. ~We are, therefore, to understand
281 28 | through them, what else do we have but "grace upon grace
282 28 | 108. Now, we could not be redeemed, even
283 29 | eternal, no torments~that we know could be compared to
284 30 | this curse. ~Therefore, we should seek from none other
285 30 | God whatever it is that we hope to do~well, or hope
286 30 | eternal goods.~For when we say: "Hallowed be thy name.
287 30 | they are~increased in us as we make progress, but in their
288 30 | possessed forever! But when we say: "Give us this day our
289 30 | forgive us our debts, as we forgive our debtors. And
290 30 | that life eternal - where we all hope to be - the hallowing
291 30 | immortally. But in this life we ask for "daily~bread" because
292 30 | by soul and body, whether we take the~term in a spiritual
293 30 | And here too it is that we petition for forgiveness,~
294 30 | finally, the evil from which we wish to be freed. But in
295 30 | leaves out, in~order that we might understand that it
296 31 | whom it dwells. ~For when we ask whether someone is a
297 31 | whether someone is a good man, we are not asking what he believes,
298 32 | the Prophets"~260 - and, we may add, the gospel and
299 32 | in the world to come. Now we love God in faith; then,
300 32 | though mortal men ourselves, we do not know the hearts of