Book, Chapter

2501   4,  20 |                questions arise, and out of these again still others;
2502   4,  20 |                  In the following words of the apostle we have the
2503   4,  20 |                brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your
2504   4,  20 |          service." And almost the whole of this hortatory passage is
2505   4,  20 |               is in the temperate style of eloquence; and those parts
2506   4,  20 |              eloquence; and those parts of it are the most beautiful
2507   4,  20 |             according to the proportion of faith; or ministry, let
2508   4,  20 |           distributing to the necessity of saints; given to hospitality.
2509   4,  20 |                 with them that weep. Be of the same mind one towards
2510   4,  20 |          brought to a close in a period of two members: "Mind not high
2511   4,  20 |           things, but condescend to men of low estate!" And a little
2512   4,  20 |              are terminated by a period of two members: "Owe no man
2513   4,  20 |            therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put
2514   4,  20 |                let us put on the armour of light. Let us walk honestly,
2515   4,  20 |                to retain even the order of the words. And how this
2516   4,  20 |                 to us in the same order of words does not run very
2517   4,  20 |                 defective in that grace of speech which consists in
2518   4,  20 |               Whether this be the fault of the translators, or whether,
2519   4,  20 |                 skilled in this species of harmony would take the closing
2520   4,  20 |              take the closing sentences of these writers and arrange
2521   4,  20 |               them according to the law of harmony (which he could
2522   4,  20 |           changing some words for words of equivalent meaning, or by
2523   4,  20 |                are not defective in any of those points which he has
2524   4,  20 |              been taught in the schools of the grammarians and rhetoricians
2525   4,  20 |                rhetoricians to consider of importance; and he will
2526   4,  20 |                 find in them many kinds of speech of great beauty,
2527   4,  20 |               them many kinds of speech of great beauty, beautiful
2528   4,  20 |         beautiful in the original, none of which canoe found in those
2529   4,  20 |                 found in those writings of which they boast so much.
2530   4,  20 |              harmony, we take away none of the weight from these divine
2531   4,  20 |             which this harmony we speak of is most fully learnt, that
2532   4,  20 |                 metres employed by some of them, in the Hebrew language
2533   4,  20 |              give an accurate rendering of the words, he has not preserved
2534   4,  20 |       translation. I, however (to speak of my own feeling, which is
2535   4,  20 |                to others, and than that of others is to me), while
2536   4,  20 |                      The majestic style of speech differs from the
2537   4,  20 |             temperate style just spoken of, chiefly in that it is not
2538   4,  20 |                vehemence; and the force of the thought, not the desire
2539   4,  20 |                it seize upon any beauty of expression that comes in
2540   4,  20 |              for its object that warmth of feeling should suggest the
2541   4,  20 |         selected by careful elaboration of speech. If a brave man be
2542   4,  20 |              and jewels, he works feats of valor with those arms in
2543   4,  20 |             with those arms in the heat of battle, not because they
2544   4,  20 |                 weapon that he digs out of the ground. The apostle
2545   4,  20 |               urging that, for the sake of the ministry of the gospel,
2546   4,  20 |                the sake of the ministry of the gospel, and sustained
2547   4,  20 |           sustained by the consolations of God's grace, we should bear
2548   4,  20 |             with patience all the evils of this life. It is a great
2549   4,  20 |                power, and the ornaments of speech are not wanting: "
2550   4,  20 |                  behold, now is the day of salvation. Giving no offense
2551   4,  20 |              ourselves as the ministers of God, in much patience, in
2552   4,  20 |             love unfeigned, by the word of truth, by the power of God,
2553   4,  20 |             word of truth, by the power of God, by the armour of righteousness
2554   4,  20 |             power of God, by the armour of righteousness on the right
2555   4,  20 |             urges that the persecutions of this world should be overcome
2556   4,  20 |            assured reliance on the help of God. And he treats this
2557   4,  20 |               be conformed to the image of His Son, that He might be
2558   4,  20 |                 any thing to the charge of Gods elect? It is God that
2559   4,  20 |               is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession
2560   4,  20 |               separate us from the love of Christ? Shall tribulation,
2561   4,  20 |               separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ
2562   4,  20 |               he interposes one passage of so much feeling that, not
2563   4,  20 |                withstanding the absence of any ornaments such as appear
2564   4,  20 |                  and years. I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed
2565   4,  20 |             know how, through infirmity of the flesh, I preached the
2566   4,  20 |                 received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.
2567   4,  20 |                the blessedness ye spake of? For I bear you record,
2568   4,  20 |                you. My little children, of whom I travail in birth
2569   4,  20 |             voice; for I stand in doubt of you". Is there anything
2570   4,  20 |                  Is there anything here of contrasted words arranged
2571   4,  20 |             arranged antithetically, or of words rising gradually to
2572   4,  20 |               gradually to a climax, or of sonorous clauses, and sections,
2573   4,  20 |        notwithstanding, there is a glow of strong emotion that makes
2574   4,  20 |               makes us feel the fervour of eloquence. ~
2575   4,  21 |                      chap. 21. Examples of the various styles, drawn
2576   4,  21 |                 drawn from the teachers of the church, especially Ambrose
2577   4,  21 |                      But these writings of the apostles, though clear,
2578   4,  21 |               study these various modes of speech as they are exemplified
2579   4,  21 |             exemplified in the writings of men who, by reading the
2580   4,  21 |               attained to the knowledge of divine and saving truth,
2581   4,  21 |               it to the Church. Cyprian of blessed memory writes in
2582   4,  21 |               treatise on the sacrament of the cup. In this book he
2583   4,  21 |               question, whether the cup of the Lord ought to contain
2584   4,  21 |             must quote a passage by way of illustration. After the
2585   4,  21 |              proceeds to the discussion of the point in question. "
2586   4,  21 |               is offered in remembrance of Him should be mixed with
2587   4,  21 |               it follows that the blood of Christ is wine, not water;
2588   4,  21 |                by the wine is the blood of Christ typified, that blood
2589   4,  21 |              the types and declarations of Scripture. For we find that
2590   4,  21 |                we find that in the book of Genesis this very circumstance
2591   4,  21 |        typically set forth, in the case of Noah, when he drank wine,
2592   4,  21 |                way we see the sacrament of the Lord's supper prefigured
2593   4,  21 |           supper prefigured in the case of Melchizedek the priest,
2594   4,  21 |              according to the testimony of the Holy Scriptures, where
2595   4,  21 |             says: 'And Melchizedek king of Salem brought forth bread
2596   4,  21 |             wine: and he was the priest of the most high God. And he
2597   4,  21 |             that Melchizedek was a type of Christ, the Holy Spirit
2598   4,  21 |                 forever after the order of Melchizedek.'" In this passage,
2599   4,  21 |                this passage, and in all of the letter that follows,
2600   4,  21 |                 dealing with a question of very great importance, the
2601   4,  21 |                importance, the equality of the Holy Spirit with the
2602   4,  21 |                view demands, not beauty of diction, nor the swaying
2603   4,  21 |                diction, nor the swaying of the mind by the stir of
2604   4,  21 |                 of the mind by the stir of emotion, but facts and proofs.
2605   4,  21 |                  that, though thousands of the people failed, yet through
2606   4,  21 |                  he brought forth a kid of the goats, and by direction
2607   4,  21 |                 goats, and by direction of the angel laid it with unleavened
2608   4,  21 |                and as soon as the angel of God touched it with the
2609   4,  21 |                 touched it with the end of the staff that was in his
2610   4,  21 |                  there rose up fire out of the rock and consumed the
2611   4,  21 |                that the rock was a type of the body of Christ, for
2612   4,  21 |             rock was a type of the body of Christ, for it is written, '
2613   4,  21 |                 is written, 'They drank of that spiritual rock that
2614   4,  21 |                 rock was Christ;' this, of course, referring not to
2615   4,  21 |             whose ever-flowing fountain of blood has ever satisfied
2616   4,  21 |               ever satisfied the hearts of His thirsting people. And
2617   4,  21 |           abolish in His flesh the sins of the whole world, and not
2618   4,  21 |              merely, but the evil lusts of their hearts. For the kid'
2619   4,  21 |               flesh refers to the guilt of the outward act, the broth
2620   4,  21 |                 broth to the allurement of lust within, as it is written, '
2621   4,  21 |               lusting; and the children of Israel also wept again and
2622   4,  21 |                 rock, and fire rose out of it, this was a sign that
2623   4,  21 |                  filled with the Spirit of God, should burn up all
2624   4,  21 |             should burn up all the sins of the human race. Whence also
2625   4,  21 |                              An example of the temperate style is the
2626   4,  21 |                 as they are the objects of higher honour, are also
2627   4,  21 |            honour, are also the objects of greater care. These are
2628   4,  21 |                 the flowers on the tree of the Church, the glory and
2629   4,  21 |                  the glory and ornament of spiritual grace, the joy
2630   4,  21 |                spiritual grace, the joy of honour and praise, a work
2631   4,  21 |              and unblemished, the image of God answering to the holiness
2632   4,  21 |               answering to the holiness of the Lord, the brighter portion
2633   4,  21 |              Lord, the brighter portion of the flock of Christ. The
2634   4,  21 |           brighter portion of the flock of Christ. The glorious fruitfulness
2635   4,  21 |               The glorious fruitfulness of their mother the Church
2636   4,  21 |                another place in the end of the epistle, "As we have
2637   4,  21 |             borne," he says, "the image of the earthly, we shall also
2638   4,  21 |               shall also bear the image of the heavenly." Virginity
2639   4,  21 |                 bear it who are mindful of the chastening of the Lord,
2640   4,  21 |               mindful of the chastening of the Lord, who obscene justice
2641   4,  21 |              steadfast in the endurance of suffering, meek in the endurance
2642   4,  21 |        suffering, meek in the endurance of injury, ready to pity, of
2643   4,  21 |               of injury, ready to pity, of one mind and of one heart
2644   4,  21 |                to pity, of one mind and of one heart in brotherly peace.
2645   4,  21 |          brotherly peace. And every one of these things ought ye, holy
2646   4,  21 |               glory by emulous examples of virtue; endure bravely,
2647   4,  21 |               with joy; only be mindful of us when your virginity shall
2648   4,  21 |                begin to reap its reward of honour." ~
2649   4,  21 |                 not mingling the purity of her affection with any dross
2650   4,  21 |                affection with any dross of hypocrisy; serious in speech;
2651   4,  21 |                 in disposition; sparing of words; delighting in study;
2652   4,  21 |               riches, but in the prayer of the poor; diligent in labour;
2653   4,  21 |              God, not man, as the guide of her conscience; injuring
2654   4,  21 |                 her elders, not envious of her equals; avoiding boastfulness,
2655   4,  21 |                 visit only those haunts of men that pity would not
2656   4,  21 |          outward appearance is an image of her mind, and a picture
2657   4,  21 |                 her mind, and a picture of purity. For a good house
2658   4,  21 |             recess within, as the light of a lamp set inside sheds
2659   4,  21 |             falling beneath the demands of nature, the other rising
2660   4,  21 |                 latter has no intervals of intermission, the former
2661   4,  21 |             latter passages as examples of the temperate style, because
2662   4,  21 |             themselves to take the vows of virginity, but to show of
2663   4,  21 |               of virginity, but to show of what character those who
2664   4,  21 |               on any one to take a step of such a nature and of so
2665   4,  21 |               step of such a nature and of so great importance, requires
2666   4,  21 |                not write about the duty of taking up the profession
2667   4,  21 |                taking up the profession of virginity, but about the
2668   4,  21 |                the dress and deportment of virgins. Yet that great
2669   4,  21 |             these respects by the power of a majestic eloquence. ~
2670   4,  21 |                 I shall select examples of the majestic style from
2671   4,  21 |              style from their treatment of a subject which both of
2672   4,  21 |                 of a subject which both of them have touched. Both
2673   4,  21 |                 and form and completion of some man, and that, when
2674   4,  21 |            impunity so audacious an act of wickedness, such an insult
2675   4,  21 |             such arts is an impeachment of God's handiwork, and a violation
2676   4,  21 |              handiwork, and a violation of truth. Listen to the warning
2677   4,  21 |             Listen to the warning voice of the apostle: 'Purge out
2678   4,  21 |                 neither with the leaven of malice and wickedness; but
2679   4,  21 |               with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth.' Now
2680   4,  21 |            colouring and the deceptions of quackery into a lie? Thy
2681   4,  21 |               bring to nought the words of thy Lord? With rash and
2682   4,  21 |          wouldst fain change the colour of thy hair: I would that,
2683   4,  21 |               shouldst dye it the color of flame." It would be too
2684   4,  21 |               is to change the features of nature into those of a painting,
2685   4,  21 |           features of nature into those of a painting, and from fear
2686   4,  21 |                 painting, and from fear of incurring their husband'
2687   4,  21 |                t not enjoy the pleasure of the lie either in thine
2688   4,  21 |                consciousness or in that of another? For he loves another
2689   4,  21 |                 art the evil promptress of thine own injury. For even
2690   4,  21 |                 who has been the victim of a pander shrinks from acting
2691   4,  21 |              and not another. The crime of adultery is almost more
2692   4,  21 |              have selected as specimens of the rest, and in other ecclesiastical
2693   4,  21 |               and with beauty and power of expression, many examples
2694   4,  21 |              many examples may be found of the three styles of speech,
2695   4,  21 |               found of the three styles of speech, scattered through
2696   4,  22 |                 chap. 22. The necessity of variety in style~
2697   4,  22 |                 contrary, every variety of style should be introduced
2698   4,  22 |             style, again, has varieties of its own which prevent the
2699   4,  22 |                 after the interposition of matter that we have to treat
2700   4,  22 |          forcibly, thus making the tide of eloquence to ebb and flow
2701   4,  23 |                      Now it is a matter of importance to determine
2702   4,  23 |               whatever may be the style of the speech or writing, when
2703   4,  23 |               up for solution, accuracy of distinction is required,
2704   4,  23 |               styles whenever questions of that sort turn up; just
2705   4,  23 |                 may be the general tone of the discourse, whenever
2706   4,  23 |               condemnation or acquittal of any one, or to obtaining
2707   4,  23 |               obtaining the concurrence of any one in a course of action.
2708   4,  23 |      concurrence of any one in a course of action. In the majestic
2709   4,  23 |             points that are susceptible of ornament are left unadorned
2710   4,  23 |                  as they may be called) of ornament. But the temperate
2711   4,  23 |               style never needs the aid of the majestic; for its object
2712   4,  24 |               the accurate distinctions of the quiet style, and by
2713   4,  24 |              style, and by the beauties of the temperate. The majestic
2714   4,  24 |            annually at a certain season of the year for several days
2715   4,  24 |           strove with all the vehemence of speech that I could command
2716   4,  24 |             fathers and their ancestors of generations long gone by
2717   4,  24 |                 had complete possession of them) was overthrown; and
2718   4,  24 |              And, lo, with the blessing of Christ, it is now eight
2719   4,  24 |            years or more since anything of the sort was attempted there.
2720   4,  24 |               by the powerful eloquence of a wise man, not by clamorous
2721   4,  24 |                tears, finally by change of life. ~
2722   4,  24 |                 what they were ignorant of, or to persuade them of
2723   4,  24 |                 of, or to persuade them of what they thought incredible,
2724   4,  24 |                  To break down hardness of this sort, speech needs
2725   4,  24 |              pleased with the eloquence of the encomiums and censures,
2726   4,  24 |                were previously ignorant of. ~
2727   4,  25 |               viz., to please by beauty of expressions, is not in itself
2728   4,  25 |                or persuade them, beauty of style may have its influence
2729   4,  25 |        tenaciously. For as the function of all eloquence, whichever
2730   4,  25 |                all eloquence, whichever of these three forms it may
2731   4,  25 |              may desire it who are vain of their eloquence and make
2732   4,  25 |              eloquence and make a boast of panegyrics, and suchlike
2733   4,  25 |              persuade him to any course of action, but merely to give
2734   4,  25 |                 effecting by this style of eloquence what we aim at
2735   4,  25 |            style. For we may by the use of this style persuade men
2736   4,  25 |                style we must use beauty of expression not for ostentation,
2737   4,  25 |               to aid him in the pursuit of the good end which we hold
2738   4,  26 |                viz. perspicuity, beauty of style, and persuasive power,
2739   4,  26 |                the three several styles of speech, one to each, so
2740   4,  26 |               calling in the assistance of Him of whom it is said, "
2741   4,  26 |                in the assistance of Him of whom it is said, "Thy testimonies
2742   4,  26 |                attention by some beauty of style? And if he be not
2743   4,  26 |              when it unravels questions of very great difficulty, and
2744   4,  26 |                 and exposes the falsity of an opposing opinion, which
2745   4,  26 |                 natural, unsought grace of expression, and by a rhythm
2746   4,  26 |                 by a rhythm and balance of style which is not ostentatiously
2747   4,  26 |              called forth by the nature of the subject: this style,
2748   4,  26 |                 its adversary by weight of nerve and muscle, and overwhelming
2749   4,  26 |                 it by the mere strength of its own right arm. How explain
2750   4,  26 |                               Eloquence of the temperate style, also,
2751   4,  26 |                 also, must, in the case of the Christian orator, be
2752   4,  26 |                is it to make the giving of pleasure its sole aim, which
2753   4,  26 |                 accomplish in the hands of others; but in its encomiums
2754   4,  26 |                this style also; beauty, of course, being its primary
2755   4,  26 |                 accordingly), you must, of course, speak in the majestic
2756   4,  27 |             whatever may be the majesty of the style, the life of the
2757   4,  27 |          majesty of the style, the life of the speaker will count for
2758   4,  27 |                may be preached by a man of perverse and deceitful mind.
2759   4,  27 |           believers obey the voice, not of any man, but of the Lord
2760   4,  27 |              voice, not of any man, but of the Lord Himself, who says, "
2761   4,  27 |              they do in the high places of ecclesiastical authority,
2762   4,  27 |              have just quoted about men of this stamp, made this observation: "
2763   4,  27 |               teaching with the conduct of their instructors, and who
2764   4,  27 |                  but be thou an example of the believers, in word,
2765   4,  28 |          vehemently, without any breach of modesty, because his life
2766   4,  28 |              things honest in the sight of God and men, fearing God,
2767   4,  28 |          apostle says: "Not with wisdom of words, lest the cross of
2768   4,  28 |                of words, lest the cross of Christ should be made of
2769   4,  28 |                of Christ should be made of none effect." To the same
2770   4,  28 |           profit, but to the subverting of the hearers." Now this does
2771   4,  28 |               to say nothing in defense of the truth. For where, then,
2772   4,  28 |               he is describing the sort of man a bishop ought to be: "
2773   4,  28 |               be anxious that your mode of expression should be preferred
2774   4,  28 |             should be preferred to that of another. The man who does
2775   4,  28 |                itself, which is the end of the commandment and the
2776   4,  28 |          commandment and the fulfilling of the law, can be rightly
2777   4,  28 |            exercised unless the objects of love are true and not false.
2778   4,  29 |              others; and let his manner of living be an eloquent sermon
2779   4,  29 |               way many become preachers of the truth (which is certainly
2780   4,  29 |                 be alarmed by the words of Jeremiah the prophet, through
2781   4,  29 |            belong to them, but the word of God belongs to all who obey
2782   4,  29 |              says seem to be the result of his own thought, and yet
2783   4,  29 |               in common with his manner of life. And so God has said
2784   4,  29 |           nothing that the apostle says of such men: "They profess
2785   4,  29 |              who is the Truth. Speaking of such men, in one place He
2786   4,  29 |                  He says, "O generation of vipers, how can ye, being
2787   4,  30 |           touching the temporal welfare of her race, that God would
2788   4,  30 |                 for the eternal welfare of men? Those, again, who are
2789   4,  31 |                  Apology for the length of the work~
2790   4,  31 |               with it need not complain of its length. I, however,
2791   4,  31 |                 to depict, not the sort of man I am myself (for my
2792   4,  31 |                very many), but the sort of man he ought to be who desires
2793   4,  31 |          instruction only, but for that of others also.~