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Book, Chapter
1001 2, 30 | acquired, not with a view to practicing them (unless 1002 2, 30 | present), but with a view to forming a judgement about 1003 2, 30 | of what Scripture means to convey when it employs figures 1004 2, 31 | knowledge which pertain not to the bodily senses, but to 1005 2, 31 | to the bodily senses, but to the intellect, among which 1006 2, 31 | imitation of the true, as to deceive not only dull people, 1007 2, 31 | other has given his assent to this also, the first draws 1008 2, 31 | speech which is not intended to entrap, but only aims at 1009 2, 31 | of reasoning which lead to false conclusions, by following 1010 2, 31 | conclusions, by following out to its logical consequences 1011 2, 31 | and of thus leading him to give up his error, when 1012 2, 31 | finds that if he wishes to retain his old opinion, 1013 2, 32 | them that they may be able to learn and teach it; for 1014 2, 32 | error the apostle wished to overthrow. Next, from this 1015 2, 32 | this rule has reference to the validity of the reasoning, 1016 2, 32 | validity of the reasoning, not to the truth of the statements. ~ 1017 2, 33 | Let us suppose some man to have admitted: If a snail 1018 2, 33 | that he whose error we wish to correct may be sorry that 1019 2, 33 | untenable. And hence it is easy to understand that as the inferences 1020 2, 34 | chap. 34. It is one thing to know the laws of inference, 1021 2, 34 | laws of inference, another to know the truth of opinions~ 1022 2, 34 | Therefore it is one thing to know the laws of inference, 1023 2, 34 | of inference, and another to know the truth of opinions. 1024 2, 34 | the connection. In regard to the truth of opinions, however, 1025 2, 34 | joined by a valid inference to propositions that are true 1026 2, 35 | though it may be applied to falsities~ 1027 2, 35 | it is frequently applied to falsities, is not itself 1028 2, 35 | although poets have applied it to their fictions, and false 1029 2, 35 | that is, false Christians to their erroneous doctrines, 1030 2, 35 | in partition, is anything to be included that does not 1031 2, 35 | included that does not pertain to the matter in hand, nor 1032 2, 35 | matter in hand, nor anything to be omitted that does. This 1033 2, 35 | even though the things to be defined or divided are 1034 2, 35 | is not as we declare it to be; and this definition 1035 2, 35 | falsehood, one in regard to things that cannot be true 1036 2, 35 | all, the other in regard to things that are not, though 1037 2, 36 | true, though sometimes used to persuade men of what is 1038 2, 36 | but as they can be used to enforce the truth as well, 1039 2, 36 | the faculty itself that is to be blamed, but the perversity 1040 2, 36 | perversity of those who put it to a bad use. Nor is it owing 1041 2, 36 | bad use. Nor is it owing to an arrangement among men 1042 2, 36 | or in moving men's minds to desire and aversion. And 1043 2, 37 | when it is learnt, is not to be used so much for ascertaining 1044 2, 37 | just as if a man wishing to give rules for walking should 1045 2, 37 | walking should warn you not to lift the hinder foot before 1046 2, 37 | minutely the way you ought to move the hinges of the joints 1047 2, 37 | but men find it easier to walk by executing these 1048 2, 37 | executing these movements than to attend to them while they 1049 2, 37 | movements than to attend to them while they are going 1050 2, 37 | are going through them, or to understand when they are 1051 2, 37 | the rules. And in regard to all these laws, we derive 1052 2, 37 | time make it more inclined to mischief or vanity, that 1053 2, 37 | mischief or vanity, that is to say, that they do not give 1054 2, 37 | learnt them an inclination to lead people astray by plausible 1055 2, 38 | Coming now to the science of number, it 1056 2, 38 | science of number, it is clear to the dullest apprehension 1057 2, 38 | is not in any man's power to determine at his pleasure 1058 2, 38 | themselves, or as applied to the laws of figures, or 1059 2, 38 | of ingenious men brought to light. ~ 1060 2, 38 | value on these things as to be inclined to boast himself 1061 2, 38 | things as to be inclined to boast himself one of the 1062 2, 38 | things which he perceives to be true derive their truth, 1063 2, 38 | others which he perceives to be unchangeable also derive 1064 2, 38 | from bodily appearances to the mind of man, and finding 1065 2, 38 | beneath it, does not strive to make all things redound 1066 2, 38 | make all things redound to the praise and love of the 1067 2, 38 | acts in this way may seem to be learned, but wise he 1068 2, 39 | chap. 39. To which of the above-mentioned 1069 2, 39 | I think that it is well to warn studious and able young 1070 2, 39 | for happiness of life, not to venture heedlessly upon 1071 2, 39 | but soberly and carefully to discriminate among them. 1072 2, 39 | arrangements of men that enable us to carry on intercourse with 1073 2, 39 | or present, that relate to the bodily senses, in which 1074 2, 39 | of number. And in regard to all these we must hold by 1075 2, 39 | which, pertaining as they do to the senses, are subject 1076 2, 39 | the senses, are subject to the relations of space and 1077 2, 39 | men have done in regard to all words and names found 1078 2, 39 | Eusebius has done in regard to the history of the past 1079 2, 39 | of the past with a view to the questions arising in 1080 2, 39 | men have done in regard to matters of this kind, making 1081 2, 39 | unnecessary for the Christian to spend his strength on many 1082 2, 39 | might be done in regard to other matters, if any competent 1083 2, 39 | a spirit of benevolence to undertake the labour for 1084 2, 39 | and committing his account to writing. This might also 1085 2, 39 | also be done in relation to numbers, so that the theory 1086 2, 39 | worked out and committed to writing by good and learned 1087 2, 39 | thing can be done in regard to the theory of reasoning; 1088 2, 39 | reasoning; but it seems to me it cannot, because this 1089 2, 39 | account is of more service to the reader in disentangling 1090 2, 40 | heathen, we must appropriate to our uses~ 1091 2, 40 | faith, we are not only not to shrink from it, but to claim 1092 2, 40 | not to shrink from it, but to claim it for our own use 1093 2, 40 | out of Egypt appropriated to themselves, designing them 1094 2, 40 | fellowship of the heathen, ought to abhor and avoid; but they 1095 2, 40 | which is better adapted to the use of the truth, and 1096 2, 40 | some truths in regard even to the worship of the One God 1097 2, 40 | them. Now these are, so to speak, their gold and silver, 1098 2, 40 | unlawfully prostituting to the worship of devils. These, 1099 2, 40 | fellowship of these men, ought to take away from them, and 1100 2, 40 | take away from them, and to devote to their proper use 1101 2, 40 | from them, and to devote to their proper use in preaching 1102 2, 40 | institutions such as are adapted to that intercourse with men 1103 2, 40 | life, we must take and turn to a Christian use. ~ 1104 2, 40 | Optatus, and Hilary, not to speak of living men! How 1105 2, 40 | have borrowed! And prior to all these, that most faithful 1106 2, 40 | wisdom of the Egyptians. And to none of all these would 1107 2, 40 | suspected they were about to turn them to the use of 1108 2, 40 | were about to turn them to the use of worshipping the 1109 2, 40 | silver and their garments to the people of God as they 1110 2, 40 | they gave would be turned to the service of Christ. For 1111 2, 40 | I say without prejudice to any other interpretation 1112 2, 41 | which He himself addresses to those whom He sees toiling 1113 2, 41 | and my burden is light." To whom is it light but to 1114 2, 41 | To whom is it light but to the meek and lowly in heart, 1115 2, 41 | when they were ordered to mark their door-posts with 1116 2, 41 | of the lamb, used hyssop to mark them with. Now this 1117 2, 41 | in love, we may be able to comprehend with all saints 1118 2, 41 | depth, and height, that is, to comprehend the cross of 1119 2, 41 | part from the ground up to the crossbar on which the 1120 2, 41 | the part from the crossbar to the top on which the head 1121 2, 41 | action is symbolized, viz., to do good works in Christ, 1122 2, 41 | do good works in Christ, to cling with constancy to 1123 2, 41 | to cling with constancy to Him, to hope for heaven, 1124 2, 41 | cling with constancy to Him, to hope for heaven, and not 1125 2, 41 | hope for heaven, and not to desecrate the sacraments. 1126 2, 41 | action, we shall be able to know even "the love of Christ 1127 2, 41 | knowledge," who is equal to the Father, by whom all 1128 2, 41 | whiter than snow. Make me to hear joy and gladness." 1129 2, 41 | Then he immediately adds, to show that it is purifying 1130 2, 42 | abundance things that are to be found nowhere else, but 1131 2, 42 | unknown signs have ceased to be a hindrance to him; when 1132 2, 42 | ceased to be a hindrance to him; when he is meek and 1133 2, 42 | lowly of heart, subject to the easy yoke of Christ, 1134 2, 42 | a third book, endeavour to say what the Lord shall 1135 2, 42 | the Lord shall be pleased to vouchsafe. ~ 1136 3, arg | goes on in this third book to treat of ambiguous signs. 1137 3, arg | signification of the words, and is to be resolved by attention 1138 3, arg | be resolved by attention to the context, a comparison 1139 3, arg | translations, or a reference to the original tongue. In 1140 3, arg | figurative signs we need to guard against two mistakes: 1141 3, arg | that whatever can be shown to be in its literal sense 1142 3, arg | figuratively. He then goes on to lay down rules for the interpretation 1143 3, arg | expressions which have been proved to be figurative; the general 1144 3, arg | The author then proceeds to expound and illustrate the 1145 3, arg | Donatist, which he commends to the attention of the student 1146 3, 1 | meek through piety, so as to have no love of strife; 1147 3, 1 | of languages, so as not to be stopped by unknown words 1148 3, 1 | necessary objects, so as not to be ignorant of the force 1149 3, 1 | prepared, let him proceed to the examination and solution 1150 3, 1 | at the methods I am going to point out as childish), 1151 3, 1 | but yet, as I was going to say, so far as I can give 1152 3, 2 | removing ambiguity by attending to punctuation~ 1153 3, 2 | when attention is given to the passage, it shall appear 1154 3, 2 | passage, it shall appear to be uncertain in what way 1155 3, 2 | uncertain in what way it ought to be punctuated or pronounced, 1156 3, 2 | with the faith, it remains to consult the context, both 1157 3, 2 | before and what comes after, to see which interpretation, 1158 3, 2 | pronounces for and permits to be dovetailed into itself. ~ 1159 3, 2 | God,and God was), so as to make the next sentence run, " 1160 3, 2 | arises out of unwillingness to confess that the Word was 1161 3, 2 | faith, which, in reference to the equality of the Trinity, 1162 3, 2 | the Trinity, directs us to say: "et Deus erat verbum" ( 1163 3, 2 | Word was God); and then to add: "hoc erat in principio 1164 3, 2 | betwixt two, having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ, 1165 3, 2 | a desire to depart, and to be with Christ, which is 1166 3, 2 | far better: nevertheless to abide in the flesh is more 1167 3, 2 | strait betwixt two]; and so to add: "concupiscentiam habens 1168 3, 2 | Christo" [having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ]. 1169 3, 2 | a desire to depart, and to be with Christ]. But since 1170 3, 2 | the other; a desire, viz., to be with Christ, and a necessity 1171 3, 2 | Christ, and a necessity to remain in the flesh. Now 1172 3, 2 | strait betwixt two, but also to have a desire for two. We 1173 3, 2 | Christo" [having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ]. 1174 3, 2 | a desire to depart, and to be with Christ]. And, as 1175 3, 2 | desire for this in preference to the other, he adds: "multo 1176 3, 2 | propter vos" [nevertheless to abide in the flesh is more 1177 3, 2 | context, there is nothing to hinder us to point the sentence 1178 3, 2 | is nothing to hinder us to point the sentence according 1179 3, 2 | point the sentence according to any method we choose of 1180 3, 2 | the case in that passage to the Corinthians: "Having 1181 3, 2 | filthiness of the flesh], so as to make the next sentence, " 1182 3, 2 | punctuation, therefore, are left to the reader's discretion. ~ 1183 3, 3 | How pronunciation serves to remove ambiguity different 1184 3, 3 | ambiguous punctuations are to be observed likewise in 1185 3, 3 | faith, or by a reference to the preceding or succeeding 1186 3, 3 | Who shall lay anything to the charge of God's elect?" 1187 3, 3 | pronounced in such a way as to make what follows an answer 1188 3, 3 | make what follows an answer to this question, "God who 1189 3, 3 | God who justifieth," and to make a second question, " 1190 3, 3 | be the height of madness to believe this, the passage 1191 3, 3 | pronounced in such a way as to make the first part a question 1192 3, 3 | admits of many answers, but to an interrogative the answer 1193 3, 3 | Who shall lay anything to the charge of God's elect?" 1194 3, 3 | answer "No" being understood to every one of these questions. 1195 3, 3 | righteousness have attained to righteousness;" unless after 1196 3, 3 | were given as the answer to this question: "That the 1197 3, 3 | righteousness, have attained to righteousness;" it would 1198 3, 3 | of voice one may choose to pronounce that saying of 1199 3, 3 | the only part that belongs to the interrogation, or with 1200 3, 3 | neither sense is opposed to faith. ~ 1201 3, 3 | this of course has relation to pronunciation. For example, 1202 3, 3 | secret," it is not clear to the reader whether he should 1203 3, 3 | a word near it belonging to the same sentence. As, for 1204 3, 3 | know without going back to the original whether in 1205 3, 4 | that do not relate either to punctuation or pronunciation, 1206 3, 4 | punctuation or pronunciation, are to be examined in the same 1207 3, 4 | that one in the Epistle to the Thessalonians: "Propterea 1208 3, 4 | and it is not contrary to faith to take it either 1209 3, 4 | is not contrary to faith to take it either way. But 1210 3, 4 | original, the case is shown to be vocative. Now if the 1211 3, 4 | the translator had chosen to say, "propterea consolationem 1212 3, 4 | rather dangerous liberty to take. It has been taken, 1213 3, 4 | however in that passage to the Corinthians, where the 1214 3, 4 | rare and very difficult to find any ambiguity in the 1215 3, 4 | translations, nor a reference to the original tongue, will 1216 3, 4 | original tongue, will suffice to explain. ~ 1217 3, 5 | words, about which I am next to speak, demand no ordinary 1218 3, 5 | namely, is put in subjection to the flesh by a blind adherence 1219 3, 5 | flesh by a blind adherence to the letter. For he who follows 1220 3, 5 | miserable slavery of the soul to take signs for things, and 1221 3, 5 | take signs for things, and to be unable to lift the eye 1222 3, 5 | things, and to be unable to lift the eye of the mind 1223 3, 6 | the former were in bondage to temporal things, it was 1224 3, 6 | although they paid attention to the signs of spiritual realities 1225 3, 6 | themselves, not knowing to what the signs referred, 1226 3, 6 | in subjecting themselves to such a bondage they were 1227 3, 6 | this bondage as being like to that of boys under the guidance 1228 3, 6 | those who clung obstinately to such signs could not endure 1229 3, 6 | and the people, clinging to these signs as it they were 1230 3, 6 | believe that one who refused to observe them in the way 1231 3, 6 | an advantage it had been to be so guided by the schoolmaster 1232 3, 6 | they had been very near to spiritual things (for even 1233 3, 6 | meaning, they had learnt to adore the One Eternal God,) 1234 3, 6 | price at the apostles' feet to be distributed among the 1235 3, 6 | consecrated themselves wholly to God as a new temple, of 1236 3, 6 | hands had not been so near to spiritual things. ~ 1237 3, 7 | any of them endeavoured to make it out that their idols 1238 3, 7 | they used them in reference to the worship and adoration 1239 3, 7 | difference does it make to me, for instance, that the 1240 3, 7 | of Neptune is not itself to be considered a god, but 1241 3, 7 | mean. What profit is it to me, then, that the image 1242 3, 7 | is used with a reference to this explanation of it, 1243 3, 7 | For any statue you like to take is as much god to me 1244 3, 7 | like to take is as much god to me as the wide ocean. I 1245 3, 7 | representations of gods. If, then, to take a sign which has been 1246 3, 7 | itself which it was designed to signify, is bondage to the 1247 3, 7 | designed to signify, is bondage to the flesh, how much more 1248 3, 7 | how much more so is it to take signs intended to represent 1249 3, 7 | it to take signs intended to represent useless things 1250 3, 7 | For even if you go back to the very things signified 1251 3, 7 | and the livery of bondage to the flesh. ~ 1252 3, 8 | whom it found under bondage to useful signs, and who were ( 1253 3, 8 | signs, and who were (so to speak) near to it, and, 1254 3, 8 | were (so to speak) near to it, and, interpreting the 1255 3, 8 | interpreting the signs to which they were in bondage, 1256 3, 8 | them free by raising them to the realities of which these 1257 3, 8 | whom it found in bondage to useless signs, it not only 1258 3, 8 | freed from their slavery to such signs, but brought 1259 3, 8 | such signs, but brought to nothing and cleared out 1260 3, 8 | speaks of as fornication, to the worship of the One God: 1261 3, 8 | might now fall into bondage to signs of a useful kind, 1262 3, 9 | chap. 9. Who is in bondage to signs, and who not~ 1263 3, 9 | Now he is in bondage to a sign who uses, or pays 1264 3, 9 | who uses, or pays homage to, any significant object 1265 3, 9 | seen and temporal, but that to which all such signs refer. 1266 3, 9 | it is not yet expedient to reveal to carnal minds those 1267 3, 9 | yet expedient to reveal to carnal minds those signs 1268 3, 9 | those signs by subjection to which their carnality is 1269 3, 9 | which their carnality is to be overcome. To this class 1270 3, 9 | carnality is to be overcome. To this class of spiritual 1271 3, 9 | burden of attending even to those signs which we now 1272 3, 9 | practice, have handed down to us a few rites in place 1273 3, 9 | these at once very easy to perform, most majestic in 1274 3, 9 | these observances he knows to what they refer, and so 1275 3, 9 | spiritual freedom. Now, as to follow the letter, and to 1276 3, 9 | to follow the letter, and to take signs for the things 1277 3, 9 | weakness and bondage; so to interpret signs wrongly 1278 3, 9 | bondage. And it is better even to be in bondage to unknown 1279 3, 9 | better even to be in bondage to unknown but useful signs 1280 3, 9 | interpreting them wrongly, to draw the neck from under 1281 3, 9 | the yoke of bondage only to insert it in the coils of 1282 3, 10 | chap. 10. How we are to discern whether a phrase 1283 3, 10 | But in addition to the foregoing rule, which 1284 3, 10 | literal, we must also pay heed to that which tells us not 1285 3, 10 | that which tells us not to take a literal form of speech 1286 3, 10 | then, we must show the way to find out whether a phrase 1287 3, 10 | literally, be referred either to purity of life or soundness 1288 3, 10 | Purity of life has reference to the love of God and one' 1289 3, 10 | neighbour; soundness of doctrine to the knowledge of God and 1290 3, 10 | perceives that he has attained to the love and knowledge of 1291 3, 10 | But as men are prone to estimate sins, not by reference 1292 3, 10 | estimate sins, not by reference to their inherent sinfulness, 1293 3, 10 | but rather by reference to their own customs, it frequently 1294 3, 10 | and time are accustomed to condemn, and nothing worthy 1295 3, 10 | companions; and thus it comes to pass, that if Scripture 1296 3, 10 | enjoins what is opposed to the customs of the hearers, 1297 3, 10 | Scripture asserts contrary to this must be figurative. 1298 3, 10 | catholic faith, in regard to things past, future, and 1299 3, 10 | present. But all these tend to nourish and strengthen charity, 1300 3, 10 | strengthen charity, and to overcome and root out lust. ~ 1301 3, 10 | neighbour in subordination to God; by lust I mean that 1302 3, 10 | things, without reference to God. Again, what lust, when 1303 3, 10 | called vice; but what it does to injure another is called 1304 3, 10 | the soul, and reduced it to a kind of poverty, it easily 1305 3, 10 | slides into crimes, in order to remove hindrances to, or 1306 3, 10 | order to remove hindrances to, or to find assistance in, 1307 3, 10 | remove hindrances to, or to find assistance in, its 1308 3, 10 | charity does with a view to one's own advantage is prudence; 1309 3, 10 | what it does with a view to a neighbor's advantage is 1310 3, 11 | interpreting phrases which seem to ascribe severity to God 1311 3, 11 | seem to ascribe severity to God and the saints~ 1312 3, 11 | ascribed in Holy Scripture to God or His saints, avails 1313 3, 11 | God or His saints, avails to the pulling down of the 1314 3, 11 | meaning be clear, we are not to give it some secondary reference, 1315 3, 11 | of God; who will render to every man according to his 1316 3, 11 | render to every man according to his deeds: to them who, 1317 3, 11 | according to his deeds: to them who, by patient continuance 1318 3, 11 | But this is addressed to those who, being unwilling 1319 3, 11 | those who, being unwilling to subdue their lust, are themselves 1320 3, 11 | placed in such a way as to obscure the sense, and make 1321 3, 11 | in the saying addressed to Jeremiah, "See, I have this 1322 3, 11 | and over the kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, 1323 3, 11 | kingdoms, to root out, and to pull down, and to destroy, 1324 3, 11 | out, and to pull down, and to destroy, and to throw down," 1325 3, 11 | down, and to destroy, and to throw down," there is no 1326 3, 11 | language is figurative, and to be referred to the end I 1327 3, 11 | figurative, and to be referred to the end I have spoken of. ~ 1328 3, 12 | actions which are ascribed to God and the saints and which 1329 3, 12 | saints and which yet seem to the unskilful to be wicked~ 1330 3, 12 | yet seem to the unskilful to be wicked~ 1331 3, 12 | actual deeds, which appear to the inexperienced to be 1332 3, 12 | appear to the inexperienced to be sinful, and which are 1333 3, 12 | and which are ascribed to God, or to men whose holiness 1334 3, 12 | are ascribed to God, or to men whose holiness is put 1335 3, 12 | meaning they contain is to be picked out as food for 1336 3, 12 | other hand, uses them so as to transgress the bounds of 1337 3, 12 | lust of the user, that is to blame. Nobody in his sober 1338 3, 12 | profligate men are accustomed to have theirs anointed in 1339 3, 12 | Christ, anoints His feet (so to speak) with the most precious 1340 3, 12 | becomes, when ascribed to God or a prophet, the sign 1341 3, 12 | shamefully wicked thing to strip the body naked at 1342 3, 12 | follow that it is a sin to be naked in the baths. ~ 1343 3, 12 | carefully what is suitable to times and places and persons, 1344 3, 12 | the manner of our Lord, to eating lentils after the 1345 3, 12 | not proper for one woman to have several husbands, because 1346 3, 12 | contrary, it is base harlotry to seek either gain or offspring 1347 3, 12 | promiscuous intercourse. In regard to matters of this sort, whatever 1348 3, 12 | is there narrated we are to take not only in its historical 1349 3, 12 | and prophetical sense, and to interpret as bearing ultimately 1350 3, 12 | among the ancient Romans to wear tunics reaching to 1351 3, 12 | to wear tunics reaching to the heels, and furnished 1352 3, 12 | for men honorably born not to wear tunics of that description: 1353 3, 12 | must take heed in regard to other things also, that 1354 3, 12 | for lust not only abuses to wicked ends the customs 1355 3, 13 | undertake as a matter of duty, to spend this life, is to be 1356 3, 13 | to spend this life, is to be turned by good and great 1357 3, 13 | turned by good and great men to some prudent or benevolent 1358 3, 13 | figuratively, as is allowable to prophets. ~ 1359 3, 14 | customs either in regard to marriage, or feasts, or 1360 3, 14 | human life, appear sinful to the people of other nations 1361 3, 14 | of folly, nor were able to awake into the light of 1362 3, 14 | Such men did not perceive, to take only one example, that 1363 3, 14 | would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them," 1364 3, 14 | do to you, do ye even so to them," I cannot be altered 1365 3, 14 | precept, when it is referred to the love of God, destroys 1366 3, 14 | destroys all vices; when to the love of one's neighbour, 1367 3, 14 | s neighbour, puts an end to all crimes. For no one is 1368 3, 14 | crimes. For no one is willing to defile his own dwelling; 1369 3, 14 | he ought not, therefore, to defile the dwelling of God, 1370 3, 14 | no one wishes an injury to be done him by another; 1371 3, 14 | himself, therefore, ought not to do injury to another. ~ 1372 3, 14 | ought not to do injury to another. ~ 1373 3, 15 | supremely just laws of love to God for His own sake, and 1374 3, 15 | for His own sake, and love to one's self and one's neighbour 1375 3, 15 | Accordingly, in regard to figurative expressions, 1376 3, 15 | following will be observed, to carefully turn over in our 1377 3, 15 | interpretation be found that tends to establish the reign of love. 1378 3, 15 | kind, the expression is not to be considered figurative. ~ 1379 3, 16 | figurative. If, however, it seems to enjoin a crime or vice, 1380 3, 16 | enjoin a crime or vice, or to forbid an act of prudence 1381 3, 16 | life in you." This seems to enjoin a crime or a vice; 1382 3, 16 | is beyond doubt a command to do a kindness. But in what 1383 3, 16 | and, while it is possible to interpret it in two ways, 1384 3, 16 | in two ways, one pointing to the doing of an injury, 1385 3, 16 | of an injury, the other to a display of superiority, 1386 3, 16 | the contrary call you back to benevolence, and interpret 1387 3, 16 | the enemy of one who came to his assistance in distress. 1388 3, 16 | shall lose it," we are not to think that He forbids the 1389 3, 16 | which it is a man's duty to care for his life, but that 1390 3, 16 | so that he gives no heed to eternal. It is written: " 1391 3, 16 | eternal. It is written: "Give to the godly man, and help 1392 3, 16 | clause of this sentence seems to forbid benevolence; for 1393 3, 16 | it is his sin you are not to help. ~ 1394 3, 17 | Some commands are given to all in common, others to 1395 3, 17 | to all in common, others to particular classes~ 1396 3, 17 | thinks he has attained, to a higher grade of spiritual 1397 3, 17 | that the commands given to those who are still in the 1398 3, 17 | and ruling a wife are not to be taken literally, but 1399 3, 17 | and if he has determined to keep his virgin unmarried, 1400 3, 17 | virgin unmarried, he tries to put a figurative interpretation 1401 3, 17 | Scriptures will be as follows, to recognize that some commands 1402 3, 17 | some commands are given to all in common, others to 1403 3, 17 | to all in common, others to particular classes of persons, 1404 3, 17 | that which cannot be raised to a higher state must be cared 1405 3, 18 | figuratively, can be transferred to the present time as a habit 1406 3, 18 | over him, and endeavours to find support for itself 1407 3, 18 | Scriptures which were intended to overthrow it. And the wretched 1408 3, 18 | they spurn can be turned to a good use, and that which 1409 3, 18 | they embrace can be used to condemnation, if the use 1410 3, 18 | was possible for one man to use many wives with chastity, 1411 3, 18 | is possible for another to use one wife with lust. 1412 3, 18 | at a useful object suited to the circumstances of the 1413 3, 18 | enjoyments. And those men to whom the apostle permitted 1414 3, 18 | as a matter of indulgence to have one wife because of 1415 3, 18 | incontinence, were less near to God than those who, though 1416 3, 18 | wantonness even in regard to wives is abuse and intemperance, 1417 3, 18 | prayer when he was married to his wife. For he says: " 1418 3, 19 | those who, giving the rein to lust, either wander about 1419 3, 19 | debaucheries, or even in regard to one wife not only exceed 1420 3, 19 | with temperance, looking to nothing but the duty, necessary 1421 3, 19 | that it is not right even to honour and praise good and 1422 3, 19 | difficult it is for themselves to escape either being caught 1423 3, 20 | of temptation was wanting to those great men. For they 1424 3, 20 | their wives with reference to the necessities of their 1425 3, 20 | and were not in bondage to lust as they are who refuse 1426 3, 20 | lust as they are who refuse to believe these things. ~ 1427 3, 21 | loss, but because he knew to what punishment so impious 1428 3, 21 | been hurried. For prior to this, in the case of another 1429 3, 21 | husband also he ordered to be put to death, he was 1430 3, 21 | also he ordered to be put to death, he was accused of 1431 3, 21 | prophet, who, when he had come to show him his sin set before 1432 3, 21 | many, yet when a guest came to him spared to take of his 1433 3, 21 | guest came to him spared to take of his own flock, but 1434 3, 21 | one lamb before his guest to eat. And David's anger being 1435 3, 21 | commanded that he should be put to death, and the lamb restored 1436 3, 21 | the lamb restored fourfold to the poor man; thus unwittingly 1437 3, 21 | wives when he was forced to punish himself for transgressing 1438 3, 21 | transgressing in regard to one woman. But in his case 1439 3, 21 | the poor man's ewe-lamb to make a feast for his king, 1440 3, 22 | in the Old Testament are to be taken not literally only, 1441 3, 22 | are praised, are repugnant to the habits of the good men 1442 3, 22 | let him refer the figure to its interpretation, but 1443 3, 22 | him not transfer the act to his habits of life. For 1444 3, 23 | although he may be able to see and to trace out in 1445 3, 23 | he may be able to see and to trace out in them a figure 1446 3, 23 | them a figure of things to come, let him yet put the 1447 3, 23 | yet put the literal fact to this use also, to teach 1448 3, 23 | literal fact to this use also, to teach him not to dare to 1449 3, 23 | use also, to teach him not to dare to vaunt himself in 1450 3, 23 | to teach him not to dare to vaunt himself in his own 1451 3, 23 | with his own righteousness, to despise others as sinners, 1452 3, 23 | both the storms that are to be avoided and the shipwrecks 1453 3, 23 | the shipwrecks that are to be wept over. For the sins 1454 3, 23 | these men were recorded to this end, that men might 1455 3, 23 | the proud and giveth grace to the humble. ~ 1456 3, 24 | expressions used is above all to have weight~ 1457 3, 24 | The chief thing to be inquired into, therefore, 1458 3, 24 | into, therefore, in regard to any expression that we are 1459 3, 24 | expression that we are trying to understand is, whether it 1460 3, 24 | For when it is ascertained to be figurative, it is easy, 1461 3, 24 | discussed in the first book, to turn it in every way until 1462 3, 24 | especially when we bring to our aid experience strengthened 1463 3, 24 | figurative by attending to the considerations indicated 1464 3, 25 | And when it is shown to be figurative, the words 1465 3, 25 | expressed will be found to be drawn either from like 1466 3, 25 | which things show a likeness to each other, we are not to 1467 3, 25 | to each other, we are not to suppose there is any rule 1468 3, 25 | similitude in one place it is to be taken to signify in all 1469 3, 25 | place it is to be taken to signify in all other places. 1470 3, 25 | Now the rule in regard to this variation has two forms. 1471 3, 25 | only plain instances ought to be used as examples. There 1472 3, 25 | passages, however, in regard to which it is uncertain in 1473 3, 25 | in what sense they ought to be taken, as for example, " 1474 3, 25 | the wrath of God, but not to the last extremity of punishment, 1475 3, 25 | of punishment, that is, "to the very dregs;" or whether 1476 3, 25 | from the Jews and coming to the Gentiles, because "He 1477 3, 25 | be interpreted according to the place in which they 1478 3, 25 | different things, according to the connection in which 1479 3, 26 | 26. Obscure passages are to be interpreted by those 1480 3, 26 | sense in which they are to be understood in obscure 1481 3, 26 | understanding the words addressed to God, "Take hold of shield 1482 3, 26 | help," than by referring to the passage where we read, " 1483 3, 26 | And yet we are not so to understand it, as that wherever 1484 3, 26 | we meet with a shield put to indicate a protection of 1485 3, 26 | apostle, "ye shall be able to quench all the fiery darts 1486 3, 26 | the other hand, in regard to spiritual armour of this 1487 3, 26 | spiritual armour of this kind to assign faith to the shield 1488 3, 26 | this kind to assign faith to the shield only; for we 1489 3, 27 | the Scriptures endeavours to get at the intention of 1490 3, 27 | one that is not opposed to sound doctrine, he is free 1491 3, 27 | words which we are trying to interpret; and assuredly 1492 3, 27 | interpretation would occur to the reader, nay, made provision 1493 3, 27 | provision that it should occur to him, seeing that it too 1494 3, 27 | God have made in regard to the Sacred Scriptures than 1495 3, 28 | chap. 28. It is safer to explain a doubtful passage 1496 3, 28 | Scripture, it remains for us to make it clear by the evidence 1497 3, 28 | practice. For it is far safer to walk by the light of Holy 1498 3, 28 | Scripture; so that when we wish to examine the passages that 1499 3, 29 | I would have learned men to know that the authors of 1500 3, 29 | But this is not the place to teach them to the illiterate,