Chap., §

  1  Int,   3    |         more human. Among these is philosophy, which is directly concerned
  2  Int,   3    |         sketching an answer to it. Philosophy emerges, then, as one of
  3  Int,   3    |          Greek etymology, the term philosophy means “love of wisdom”.
  4  Int,   3    |          things and their purpose, philosophy shows in different modes
  5  Int,   3    |        cultures are complementary.~Philosophy's powerful influence on
  6  Int,   4    |        genuinely personal.~Through philosophy's work, the ability to speculate
  7  Int,   4    |           stream with the whole of philosophy. In such cases, we are clearly
  8  Int,   4    |          had come upon an implicit philosophy, as a result of which all
  9  Int,   5    |           more worthy. She sees in philosophy the way to come to know
 10  Int,   5    |         time, the Church considers philosophy an indispensable help for
 11  Int,   5    |            to be neglected. Modern philosophy clearly has the great merit
 12  Int,   5    |          to know the truth, modern philosophy has preferred to accentuate
 13  Int,   5    |            In short, the hope that philosophy might be able to provide
 14  Int,   6    |     capacity to know and challenge philosophy to recover and develop its
 15  Int,   6    |           to the search for truth, philosophy has the great responsibility
 16    1,   9    |         that the truth attained by philosophy and the truth of Revelation
 17    1,   9    |            of the intellect alone. Philosophy and the sciences function
 18    1,  14    |        point of reference for both philosophy and theology: Saint Anselm.
 19    1,  15    |   existence, then, is the theme of philosophy and theology alike. For
 20    2,  19    |           own the thought of Greek philosophy, to which he seems to refer
 21    2,  23    |        Christian's relationship to philosophy requires thorough-going
 22    2,  23    |             which challenges every philosophy, is Jesus Christ's death
 23    2,  23    |            this wisdom! Of itself, philosophy is able to recognize the
 24    2,  23    |         the link between faith and philosophy can break up, but it is
 25    3,  24    |            quest. In a special way philosophy has made this search its
 26    3,  26    |         the death of Socrates gave philosophy one of its decisive orientations,
 27    3,  27    |         different ways to shape a “philosophy” of their own—in personal
 28    3,  30    |            some degree grounded in philosophy, and which we find in the
 29    3,  30    |         questions.27~The truths of philosophy, it should be said, are
 30    3,  30    |            one hand, the truths of philosophy and religion and, on the
 31    3,  30    |        question, one last datum of philosophy needs to be weighed.~
 32    3,  34    |        opposed to the truths which philosophy perceives. On the contrary,
 33    3,  35    |         between revealed truth and philosophy. This relationship imposes
 34    3,  35    |            links between faith and philosophy in the course of history.
 35    4,  36    |        major concerns of classical philosophy was to purify human notions
 36    4,  36    |         the task of the fathers of philosophy to bring to light the link
 37    4,  36    |     fruitful dialogue with ancient philosophy, which offered new ways
 38    4,  37    |         Christianity's adoption of philosophy, one should not forget how
 39    4,  37    |             It was easy to confuse philosophy—understood as practical
 40    4,  37    |          takes you captive through philosophy and empty deceit, according
 41    4,  38    |     Christianity's engagement with philosophy was therefore neither straight-forward
 42    4,  38    |         immediate. The practice of philosophy and attendance at philosophical
 43    4,  38    |            continued to hold Greek philosophy in high esteem after his
 44    4,  38    |           only sure and profitable philosophy”.32 Similarly, Clement of
 45    4,  38    |        called the Gospel “the true philosophy”,33 and he understood philosophy,
 46    4,  38    |   philosophy”,33 and he understood philosophy, like the Mosaic Law, as
 47    4,  38    |           for the Gospel.35 Since “philosophy yearns for the wisdom which
 48    4,  38    |         God”.36 For Clement, Greek philosophy is not meant in the first
 49    4,  38    |           the wisdom of God. Greek philosophy, with its contribution,
 50    4,  38    |            wage war upon it, Greek philosophy is rightly called the hedge
 51    4,  39    |             Origen adopts Platonic philosophy to shape his argument and
 52    4,  39    |           origins. In Aristotelian philosophy, for example, the name signified
 53    4,  39    |      Christian thought made use of philosophy, but at the same time tended
 54    4,  39    |    distinguish itself clearly from philosophy. History shows how Platonic
 55    4,  40    |           first great synthesis of philosophy and theology, embracing
 56    4,  40    |           in different currents of philosophy.~
 57    4,  41    |     relationship between faith and philosophy, viewing it comprehensively
 58    4,  42    |         faith and the knowledge of philosophy is once again confirmed.
 59    4,  43    |           the treasures of ancient philosophy, and more particularly of
 60    4,  43    |            recognized that nature, philosophy's proper concern, could
 61    4,  43    |    contaminated neither by secular philosophy nor by a prejudiced rejection
 62    4,  43    |         pioneer of the new path of philosophy and universal culture. The
 63    4,  44    |           and produce not merely a philosophy of “what seems to be” but
 64    4,  44    |            what seems to be” but a philosophy of “what is”.~
 65    4,  45    |          link between theology and philosophy, Saint Albert the Great
 66    4,  45    |       recognize the autonomy which philosophy and the sciences needed
 67    4,  45    |         there emerged eventually a philosophy which was separate from
 68    4,  46    |           of a good part of modern philosophy has seen it move further
 69    4,  46    |          finally is nihilism. As a philosophy of nothingness, it has a
 70    4,  47    |           in mind that the role of philosophy itself has changed in modern
 71    4,  48    |           survey of the history of philosophy, then, reveals a growing
 72    4,  48    |            untimely—that faith and philosophy recover the profound unity
 73    5,  49    |              49. The Church has no philosophy of her own nor does she
 74    5,  49    |        canonize any one particular philosophy in preference to others.54
 75    5,  49    |          when it engages theology, philosophy must remain faithful to
 76    5,  49    |      process governed by reason. A philosophy which did not proceed in
 77    5,  49    |          level, the autonomy which philosophy enjoys is rooted in the
 78    5,  49    |    necessary to arrive at truth. A philosophy conscious of this as its “
 79    5,  49    |             Yet history shows that philosophy—especially modern philosophy—
 80    5,  49    |       philosophy—especially modern philosophy—has taken wrong turns and
 81    5,  50    |           s point of view makes of philosophy. Moreover, as philosophical
 82    5,  51    |          why no historical form of philosophy can legitimately claim to
 83    5,  52    |           of modern thought with a philosophy of their own. At this point,
 84    5,  53    |          faith and the findings of philosophy, and the transcendence and
 85    5,  53    |         faith over the findings of philosophy. Against the temptations
 86    5,  54    |      Catholic rejection of Marxist philosophy and atheistic Communism
 87    5,  55    |           the end of metaphysics”. Philosophy is expected to rest content
 88    5,  55    |          disdain for the classical philosophy from which the terms of
 89    5,  56    |     traditionally been the goal of philosophy. Nonetheless, in the light
 90    5         |           The Church's interest in philosophy~
 91    5,  57    |      authority devoted entirely to philosophy. The great Pope revisited
 92    5,  57    |          incomparable value of the philosophy of Saint Thomas. A renewed
 93    5,  57    |          recover the practice of a philosophy consonant with the demands
 94    5,  58    |          this revival of Thomistic philosophy. Throughout the twentieth
 95    5,  59    |            others again produced a philosophy which, starting with an
 96    5,  60    |       fruitful teaching concerning philosophy. I cannot fail to note,
 97    5,  60    |            anthropology from which philosophy too can draw inspiration.
 98    5,  60    |         profoundly significant for philosophy; and it was this which I
 99    5,  60    |            dealt with the study of philosophy required of candidates for
100    5,  60    |         account currents of modern philosophy”.83~These directives have
101    5,  60(84)|        also various remarks on the philosophy of Saint Thomas: Address
102    5,  61    |       study not just of Scholastic philosophy but more generally of the
103    5,  61    |          generally of the study of philosophy itself. I cannot fail to
104    5,  61    |           interest in the study of philosophy is shared by not a few theologians.~
105    5,  61    |         found in much contemporary philosophy, which has largely abandoned
106    5,  61    |       authorization to marginalize philosophy or to put something else
107    5,  62    |          clearly that the study of philosophy is fundamental and indispensable
108    5,  62    |           time of special study of philosophy. This decision, confirmed
109    5,  62    |          the development of modern philosophy, albeit indirectly. One
110    5,  62    |          acceptance of any kind of philosophy.~I trust most sincerely
111    5,  63    |       Church's intense interest in philosophy—indeed the intimate bond
112    5,  63    |  relationship between theology and philosophy. In the light of these principles
113    6         |            THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY~
114    6,  65    |            of disciplined thought.~Philosophy contributes specifically
115    6,  65    |     language. No less important is philosophy's contribution to a more
116    6,  66    |          communicable way. Without philosophy's contribution, it would
117    6,  66    |          presupposes and implies a philosophy of the human being, the
118    6,  68    |            an even greater need of philosophy's contribution. In the New
119    6,  69    |       should nowadays rely less on philosophy than on the help of other
120    6,  69    |      peoples' traditions than to a philosophy of Greek and Eurocentric
121    6,  70    |          its implications for both philosophy and theology, the question
122    6,  72    |            first encountered Greek philosophy; but this does not mean
123    6,  73    |  relationship between theology and philosophy is best construed as a circle.
124    6,  73    |         the human search for truth—philosophy, pursued in keeping with
125    6,  73    |        with the word of God leaves philosophy enriched, because reason
126    6,  74    |        with the masters of ancient philosophy. This is true of both the
127    6,  74    |      fruitful relationship between philosophy and the word of God in the
128    6         |               Different stances of philosophy~
129    6,  75    |     relationship between faith and philosophy, one can distinguish different
130    6,  75    |   distinguish different stances of philosophy with regard to Christian
131    6,  75    |           faith. First, there is a philosophy completely independent of
132    6,  75    |           is the stance adopted by philosophy as it took shape in history
133    6,  75    |            the Gospel. We see here philosophy's valid aspiration to be
134    6,  75    |           order, the enterprise of philosophy is always open—at least
135    6,  75    |            of so-called “separate” philosophy, pursued by some modern
136    6,  75    |             This theory claims for philosophy not only a valid autonomy,
137    6,  75    |      offered by divine Revelation, philosophy only does itself damage,
138    6,  76    |           second stance adopted by philosophy is often designated as Christian
139    6,  76    |            designated as Christian philosophy. In itself, the term is
140    6,  76    |          that there is an official philosophy of the Church, since the
141    6,  76    |         the faith as such is not a philosophy. The term seeks rather to
142    6,  76    |        therefore refer simply to a philosophy developed by Christian philosophers
143    6,  76    |          faith. The term Christian philosophy includes those important
144    6,  76    |         Christian faith.~Christian philosophy therefore has two aspects.
145    6,  76    |         second aspect of Christian philosophy is objective, in the sense
146    6,  76    |           thinking, especially the philosophy of being. There is also
147    6,  76    |        Revelation—is important for philosophy as well. It is no accident
148    6,  76    |           has become pivotal for a philosophy of history which stakes
149    6,  76    |    objective elements of Christian philosophy we might also place the
150    6,  76    |            modern and contemporary philosophy would not exist without
151    6,  77    |                                77. Philosophy presents another stance
152    6,  77    |      always needed and still needs philosophy's contribution. As a work
153    6,  77    |           Moreover, theology needs philosophy as a partner in dialogue
154    6,  77    |         fact confirms the value of philosophy's autonomy, which remains
155    6,  77    |     profound transformations which philosophy itself must undergo.~It
156    6,  77    |          Patristic period onwards, philosophy was called the ancilla theologiae.
157    6,  77    |           not intended to indicate philosophy's servile submission or
158    6,  77    |  theologians to refuse the help of philosophy, they would run the risk
159    6,  77    |        would run the risk of doing philosophy unwittingly and locking
160    6,  77    |        When it adopts this stance, philosophy, like theology, comes more
161    6,  77    |         make certain demands which philosophy must respect whenever it
162    6,  79    |           As I have already noted, philosophy must obey its own rules
163    6,  79    |           that there will emerge a philosophy consonant with the word
164    6,  79    |            the word of God. Such a philosophy will be a place where Christian
165    7,  80    |     fundamental conviction of the “philosophy” found in the Bible is that
166    7,  80    |   challenge of this mystery pushes philosophy to its limits, as reason
167    7,  81    |        kind to the transcendent. A philosophy which no longer asks the
168    7,  81    |    consonant with the word of God, philosophy needs first of all to recover
169    7,  81    |        most helpful in stimulating philosophy to conform to its proper
170    7,  81    |             This is why it invites philosophy to engage in the search
171    7,  81    |          innate in every person. A philosophy denying the possibility
172    7,  82    |        could not be performed by a philosophy which was not itself a true
173    7,  82    |           second requirement: that philosophy verify the human capacity
174    7,  82    |        phenomenalist or relativist philosophy would be ill-adapted to
175    7,  82    |    therefore the contribution of a philosophy which does not disavow the
176    7,  83    |            a third: the need for a philosophy of genuinely metaphysical
177    7,  83    |       which it rises. Therefore, a philosophy which shuns metaphysics
178    7,  83    |         pervading large sectors of philosophy at the moment, and thus
179    7,  85    |           word of God imposes upon philosophy may seem daunting to many
180    7,  85    |      certainly not fail to respect philosophy's demand for autonomy.~In
181    7,  85    |         enduring tradition of that philosophy which by dint of its authentic
182    7,  86    |    continuity between contemporary philosophy and the philosophy developed
183    7,  86    |    contemporary philosophy and the philosophy developed in the Christian
184    7,  87    |             is that the truth of a philosophy is determined on the basis
185    7,  88    |            other great problems of philosophy which, if they are not ignored,
186    7,  91    |            of the present state of philosophy, which would, in any case,
187    7,  91    |          need only cite logic, the philosophy of language, epistemology,
188    7,  91    |        language, epistemology, the philosophy of nature, anthropology,
189    7,  92    |          prime concern, challenges philosophy as well. The array of problems
190    7,  92    |          holds out to theology and philosophy alike the prospect of support,
191    7,  93    |          will not be found without philosophy's contribution.~
192    7,  96    |            Were this not the case, philosophy and the sciences could not
193    7,  96    |            We may hope, then, that philosophy will be especially concerned
194    7,  97    |      demands the contribution of a philosophy of being which first of
195    7,  97    |     tradition, it must turn to the philosophy of being, which should be
196    7,  97    | philosophical tradition, including philosophy of more recent times, without
197    7,  97    |        metaphysical tradition, the philosophy of being is a dynamic philosophy
198    7,  97    |   philosophy of being is a dynamic philosophy which views reality in its
199    7,  98    |          It is no less urgent that philosophy be recovered at the point
200    7,  99    |        from the various strands of philosophy; and such a reciprocity
201 Conc, 100    |     relationship between faith and philosophy. The importance of philosophical
202 Conc, 100    |           all to see. In addition, philosophy exercises a powerful, though
203 Conc, 100    |          to emphasize the value of philosophy for the understanding of
204 Conc, 100    |           well as the limits which philosophy faces when it neglects or
205 Conc, 101    |         that the encounter between philosophy and theology and the exchange
206 Conc, 101    |         been an undoubted boon for philosophy which has thus glimpsed
207 Conc, 101    |         its true relationship with philosophy, I feel equally bound to
208 Conc, 101    |      development of human thought, philosophy too should recover its relationship
209 Conc, 101    |        with theology. In theology, philosophy will find not the thinking
210 Conc, 102    |         Through the mediation of a philosophy which is also true wisdom,
211 Conc, 103    |                               103. Philosophy moreover is the mirror which
212 Conc, 103    |         the culture of a people. A philosophy which responds to the challenge
213 Conc, 103    |       tradition. This attention to philosophy too should be seen as a
214 Conc, 104    |             The current ferment in philosophy demands of believing philosophers
215 Conc, 104    |            in various ways”. 126 A philosophy in which there shines even
216 Conc, 105    |        those charged with teaching philosophy both in seminaries and ecclesiastical
217 Conc, 106    |             and to all teachers of philosophy, asking them to have the
218 Conc, 108    |           and the vocation of true philosophy there is a deep harmony.
219 Conc, 108    |          and come among us, so too philosophy is called to offer its rational
220 Conc, 108    |           and freedom, so too when philosophy heeds the summons of the
221 Conc, 108    |            Indeed, it is then that philosophy sees all its enquiries rise
222 Conc, 108    |          saw a lucid image of true philosophy and they were convinced