Chap., §

  1 Bles         |       Apostolic Blessing!~Faith and reason are like two wings on which
  2  Int,   3    |           asked questions about the reason for things and their purpose,
  3  Int,   3    |            innate property of human reason to ask why things are as
  4  Int,   4    |         philosophical schools. Once reason successfully intuits and
  5  Int,   4    |         then it may be called right reason or, as the ancients called
  6  Int,   5    |            but set great value upon reason's drive to attain goals
  7  Int,   5    |           special activity of human reason. I judge it necessary to
  8  Int,   5    |          this starting-point, human reason with its many questions
  9  Int,   5    |           not obscure the fact that reason, in its one-sided concern
 10  Int,   5    |             happened therefore that reason, rather than voicing the
 11  Int,   6    |         dignity.~There is a further reason why I write these reflections.
 12    1,   8    |          which was not the fruit of reason's natural capacities. This
 13    1,   8    |           knowledge proper to human reason, which nevertheless by its
 14    1,   9    |           we know in one by natural reason, in the other by divine
 15    1,   9    |          those things which natural reason can attain, there are proposed
 16    1,   9    |         within the order of natural reason; while faith, enlightened
 17    1,  11    |          Father (Jn 14:9). For this reason, Jesus perfected Revelation
 18    1         |                                     Reason before the mystery~
 19    1,  13    |  interpersonal communication, urges reason to be open to it and to
 20    1,  13    |            in that truth.~To assist reason in its effort to understand
 21    1,  13    |        within the mystery by use of reason's own methods, of which
 22    1,  13    |           Yet these signs also urge reason to look beyond their status
 23    1,  13(15)|       creator and Lord, and created reason is completely subject to
 24    1,  14    |            Between these two poles, reason has its own specific field
 25    1,  14    |           effort; indeed, it impels reason continually to extend the
 26    1,  15    |           argument devised by human reason. It appears instead as something
 27    2,  16    |          the knowledge conferred by reason; and it is in the Wisdom
 28    2,  16    |            between the knowledge of reason and the knowledge of faith.
 29    2,  16    |           with all the resources of reason, but without faith ever
 30    2,  16    |           intervenes not to abolish reason's autonomy nor to reduce
 31    2,  16    |          say that with the light of reason human beings can know which
 32    2,  16    |        horizon of faith. Therefore, reason and faith cannot be separated
 33    2,  17    |                17. There is thus no reason for competition of any kind
 34    2,  17    |     competition of any kind between reason and faith: each contains
 35    2,  17    |          exploring truth with their reason, and in this their nobility
 36    2,  18    |     reflection, was able to open to reason the path that leads to the
 37    2,  18    |             vain to reach by way of reason. On the basis of this deeper
 38    2,  18    |          People understood that, if reason were to be fully true to
 39    2,  18    |          The first of these is that reason must realize that human
 40    2,  18    |             governance of the world reason must recognize.~In abandoning
 41    2,  19    |           the proper tools of human reason, can lead to knowledge of
 42    2,  20    |             20. Seen in this light, reason is valued without being
 43    2,  20    |    Testament, then, faith liberates reason in so far as it allows reason
 44    2,  20    |       reason in so far as it allows reason to attain correctly what
 45    2,  20    |       beings attain truth by way of reason because, enlightened by
 46    2,  21    |          was this which allowed his reason to enter the realm of the
 47    2,  21    |            comes once the limits of reason are reached. This is what
 48    2,  22    |             creatures, God stirs in reason an intuition of his “power”
 49    2,  22    |         This is to concede to human reason a capacity which seems almost
 50    2,  22    |             provided by the senses, reason can reach the cause which
 51    2,  22    |           plan of the creation that reason should without difficulty
 52    2,  22    |      disobedience, which so wounded reason that from then on its path
 53    2,  22    |         longer able to see clearly: reason became more and more a prisoner
 54    2,  22    |         saving event which redeemed reason from its weakness, setting
 55    2,  23    |         chosen precisely that which reason considers “foolishness”
 56    2,  23    |           their thinking about God. Reason cannot eliminate the mystery
 57    2,  23    |         while the Cross can give to reason the ultimate answer which
 58    2,  23    |            challenge this is to our reason, and how great the gain
 59    2,  23    |          and how great the gain for reason if it yields to this wisdom!
 60    2,  23    |             only the border between reason and faith, but also the
 61    3,  24    |            a path which begins with reason's capacity to rise beyond
 62    3,  26    |          which seem inexplicable to reason are enough to ensure that
 63    3,  28    |           The natural limitation of reason and the inconstancy of the
 64    3,  29    |         outline of the answers. One reason why the truth of these answers
 65    3,  33    |         attained not only by way of reason but also through trusting
 66    3,  33    |          must not be forgotten that reason too needs to be sustained
 67    3,  33(28)|            the urgency of finding a reason for existence, in every
 68    3,  33(28)|         ultimate answer, then human reason reaches its zenith and opens
 69    3,  34    |            Jn 1:14, 18). What human reason seeks “without knowing it” (
 70    3,  35    |          understood in the light of reason. It is this duality alone
 71    4         |      RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON~
 72    4         |          the encounter of faith and reason~
 73    4,  36    |           to light the link between reason and religion. As they broadened
 74    4,  36    |            the demands of universal reason. This development sought
 75    4,  41    |             the task of showing how reason, freed from external constraints,
 76    4,  41    |           rightly tuned, therefore, reason could rise to the higher
 77    4,  41    |   accomplished. They fully welcomed reason which was open to the absolute,
 78    4,  41    |       tended by dint of its nature, reason attained the supreme good
 79    4,  42    |             philosophically trained reason becomes even more conspicuous
 80    4,  42    |           search which is proper to reason. Reason in fact is not asked
 81    4,  42    |          which is proper to reason. Reason in fact is not asked to
 82    4,  42    |             truth, therefore, spurs reason always to go further; indeed,
 83    4,  42    |        further; indeed, it is as if reason were overwhelmed to see
 84    4,  42    |            this point, though, that reason can learn where its path
 85    4,  42    |         understood with the help of reason; and at the summit of its
 86    4,  42    |             summit of its searching reason acknowledges that it cannot
 87    4,  43    |            exists between faith and reason. Both the light of reason
 88    4,  43    |           reason. Both the light of reason and the light of faith come
 89    4,  43    |            therefore has no fear of reason, but seeks it out and has
 90    4,  43    |            builds upon and perfects reason. Illumined by faith, reason
 91    4,  43    |         reason. Illumined by faith, reason is set free from the fragility
 92    4,  43    |     exercise of thought”; and human reason is neither annulled nor
 93    4,  43    |          new encounter of faith and reason was a reconciliation between
 94    4         |             separation of faith and reason~
 95    4,  45    |             mistrust with regard to reason itself. In a spirit both
 96    4,  46    |           which could be grasped by reason. Opposed to this kind of
 97    4,  47    |           instead, as “instrumental reason”, they are directed—actually
 98    4,  47    |        obscured the true dignity of reason, which is no longer equipped
 99    4,  48    |             faith and philosophical reason. Yet closer scrutiny shows
100    4,  48    |          who helped drive faith and reason further apart there are
101    4,  48    |          the link between faith and reason as it now stands does not
102    4,  48    |             what Revelation offers, reason has taken side-tracks which
103    4,  48    |             final goal. Deprived of reason, faith has stressed feeling
104    4,  48    |    superstition. By the same token, reason which is unrelated to an
105    4,  48    |          matched by the boldness of reason.~
106    5,  49    |            others.54 The underlying reason for this reluctance is that,
107    5,  49    |            of a process governed by reason. A philosophy which did
108    5,  49    |             proceed in the light of reason according to its own principles
109    5,  49    |             rooted in the fact that reason is by its nature oriented
110    5,  50    |        favour of recta ratio, or of reason reflecting rightly upon
111    5,  51    |       history and produced by human reason wounded and weakened by
112    5,  51    |         daunting task. Given all of reason's inherent and historical
113    5,  52    |               for their distrust of reason's natural capacities, and,
114    5,  52    |          they attributed to natural reason a knowledge which only the
115    5,  52    |            the relationship between reason and faith. The teaching
116    5,  53    |             distinct were faith and reason, Revelation and natural
117    5,  53    |             if faith is superior to reason there can never be a true
118    5,  53    |        divergence between faith and reason, since the same God who
119    5,  53    |           human spirit the light of reason. This God could not deny
120    5,  55    |             deep-seated distrust of reason which has surfaced in the
121    5,  55    |        which are poorly grounded in reason.72~There are also signs
122    5,  55(72)|             by the natural light of reason, but because of the authority
123    5,  55(72)|           the Council declared that reason is never “able to penetrate [
124    5,  56    |         trust in the power of human reason and not to set themselves
125    5,  56    |             It is faith which stirs reason to move beyond all isolation
126    5,  56    |          and convincing advocate of reason.~
127    5,  57    |      relationship between faith and reason, showing how philosophical
128    5,  57    |         perfectly between faith and reason”, the Pope writes, “he unites
129    5,  59    |      thought which unites faith and reason.~
130    5,  60    |      transcendent capacity of human reason.80 The problem of atheism
131    5,  61    |            there is the distrust of reason found in much contemporary
132    5,  61    |         even purely formal. Another reason, it should be said, is the
133    6         |            demands of philosophical reason~
134    6,  66    |             Revelation. Still more, reason must be able to articulate
135    6,  67    |         emerge certain truths which reason, from its own independent
136    6,  67    |          expression by way of human reason fully free to give its assent.
137    6,  67    |           to show fully the path to reason in a sincere search for
138    6,  67    |             of God, is not based on reason, it can certainly not dispense
139    6,  67    |            it becomes apparent that reason needs to be reinforced by
140    6,  67(90)|           can fully show the way to reason in a sincere search for
141    6,  68    |   conscience and the power of their reason. In other words, moral theology
142    6,  73    |         most is that the believer's reason use its powers of reflection
143    6,  73    |         better understanding of it, reason is offered guidance and
144    6,  73    |           pure and simple. Instead, reason is stirred to explore paths
145    6,  73    |        philosophy enriched, because reason discovers new and unsuspected
146    6,  75    |             employing the powers of reason alone. Although seriously
147    6,  75    |          inherent weakness of human reason, this aspiration should
148    6,  76    |           sense that faith purifies reason. As a theological virtue,
149    6,  76    |             virtue, faith liberates reason from presumption, the typical
150    6,  76    |             have been discovered by reason unaided, although they are
151    6,  76    |          themselves inaccessible to reason. Among these truths is the
152    6,  76    |           are tasks which challenge reason to recognize that there
153    6,  76    |           questions in fact broaden reason's scope for action.~In speculating
154    6,  77    | contribution. As a work of critical reason in the light of faith, theology
155    6,  77    |      requires in all its research a reason formed and educated to concept
156    6,  78    |            thinking, the demands of reason and the power of faith found
157    6,  78    |     demeaning the venture proper to reason.~
158    6,  79    |          and legitimate autonomy of reason. Yet, conscious that it
159    6,  79    |       absolute and exclusive value, reason on its part must never lose
160    7,  80    |        philosophy to its limits, as reason is summoned to make its
161    7,  81    |            grave danger of reducing reason to merely accessory functions,
162    7,  84    |        going further to see whether reason can discover its essence.
163    7,  84    |         confidence in the powers of reason? When, on the basis of preconceived
164    7,  84    |         then not only do they abase reason but in so doing they also
165    7,  86    |            truth and does not train reason—whether theological or philosophical—
166    7,  91    |     baselessness of the demand that reason be absolutely self-grounded
167    7,  91    |          the triumphant progress of reason, the source of all happiness
168    7,  98    |             good, knowable by human reason, is lost, inevitably the
169 Conc, 100    |            convinced that faith and reason “mutually support each other”; 122
170 Conc, 101    |            has certainly challenged reason to remain open to the radical
171 Conc, 101    |           of further meanings which reason is summoned to penetrate.~
172 Conc, 104    |          Reflecting in the light of reason and in keeping with its
173 Conc, 106    |       activity by the exercise of a reason which grows more penetrating