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Fides et ratio

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  • INTRODUCTION - “KNOW YOURSELF”
  1: In my first Encyclical Letter Redemptor Hominis, I wrote: “We have become sharers in this mission[...]
  2: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gau[...]
  3: Dogmatic Constitution on the Church Lumen Gentium, 25.
  4: No. 4: AAS 85 (1993), 1136.



  • CHAPTER I - THE REVELATION OF GOD'S WISDOM
    • Jesus, revealer of the Father
  5: Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2.
  6: Cf. Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, III: DS 3008.
  7: Ibid., IV: DS 3015; quoted also in Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on th[...]
  8: Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2.
  9: Apostolic Letter Tertio Millennio Adveniente (10 November 1994), 10: AAS 87 (1995), 11.
  10: No. 4.
  11: No. 8.
  12: No. 22.



  • CHAPTER I - THE REVELATION OF GOD'S WISDOM
    • Reason before the mystery
  13: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 4. [...]
  14: Ibid., 5.
  15: The First Vatican Council, to which the quotation above refers, teaches that the obedience of fai[...]
  16: Sequence for the Solemnity of the Body and Blood of the Lord.
  17: Pensées, 789 (ed. L. Brunschvicg).
  18: Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gaudiu[...]
  19: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 2. [...]
  20: Proemium and Nos. 1, 15: PL 158, 223-224; 226; 235.
  21: De Vera Religione, XXXIX, 72: CCL 32, 234.



  • CHAPTER III - INTELLEGO UT CREDAM
    • Journeying in search of truth
  22: “Ut te semper desiderando quaererent et inveniendo quiescerent”: Missale Romanum.
  23: Aristotle, Metaphysics, I, 1.
  24: Confessions, X, 23, 33: CCL 27, 173.
  25: No. 34: AAS 85 (1993), 1161.
  26: Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Letter Salvifici Doloris (11 February 1984), 9: AAS 76 (1984), 209-2[...]



  • CHAPTER III - INTELLEGO UT CREDAM
    • The different faces of human truth
  27: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration on the Relations of the Church with Non-Christi[...]
  28: This is a theme which I have long pursued and which I have addressed on a number of occasions. “ '[...]
  29: “[Galileo] declared explicitly that the two truths, of faith and of science, can never contradict [...]
  30: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation, Dei Verbum, 4.[...]



  • CHAPTER IV - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON
    • Important moments in the encounter of faith and reason
  31: Origen, Contra Celsum, 3, 55: SC 136, 130.
  32: Dialogue with Trypho, 8, 1: PG 6, 492.
  33: Stromata I, 18, 90, 1: SC 30, 115.
  34: Cf. ibid., I, 16, 80, 5: SC 30, 108.
  35: Cf. ibid., I, 5, 28, 1: SC 30, 65.
  36: Ibid., VI, 7, 55, 1-2: PG 9, 277.
  37: Ibid., I, 20, 100, 1: SC 30, 124.
  38: Saint Augustine, Confessions, VI, 5, 7: CCL 27, 77-78.
  39: Cf. ibid., VII, 9, 13-14: CCL 27, 101-102.
  40: De Praescriptione Haereticorum, VII, 9: SC 46, 98: “Quid ergo Athenis et Hierosolymis? Quid acade[...]
  41: Cf. Congregation for Catholic Education, Instruction on the Study of the Fathers of the Church in [...]
  42: Saint Anselm, Proslogion, 1: PL 158, 226.
  43: Idem, Monologion, 64: PL 158, 210.



  • CHAPTER IV - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON
    • The enduring originality of the thought of Saint Thomas Aquinas
  44: Cf. Summa contra Gentiles, I, 7.
  45: Cf. Summa Theologiae, I, 1, 8 ad 2: “cum enim gratia non tollat naturam sed perficiat”.
  46: Cf. John Paul II, Address to the Participants at the IX International Thomistic Congress (29 Septe[...]
  47: Apostolic Letter Lumen Ecclesiae (20 November 1974), 8: AAS 66 (1974), 680.
  48: Cf. I, 1, 6: “Praeterea, haec doctrina per studium acquiritur. Sapientia autem per infusionem hab[...]
  49: Ibid., II-II, 45, 1 ad 2; cf. also II-II, 45, 2.
  50: Ibid., I-II, 109, 1 ad 1, which echoes the well known phrase of the Ambrosiaster, In Prima Cor 12[...]
  51: Leo XIII, Encyclical Letter Æterni Patris (4 August 1879): ASS 11 (1878-79), 109.
  52: Paul VI, Apostolic Letter Lumen Ecclesiae (20 November 1974), 8: AAS 66 (1974), 683.



  • CHAPTER IV - THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FAITH AND REASON
    • The drama of the separation of faith and reason
  53: Encyclical Letter Redemptor Hominis (4 March 1979), 15: AAS 71 (1979), 286.



  • CHAPTER V - THE MAGISTERIUM'S INTERVENTIONS IN PHILOSOPHICAL MATTERS
    • The Magisterium's discernment as diakonia of the truth
  54: Cf. Pius XII, Encyclical Letter Humani Generis (12 August 1950): AAS 42 (1950), 566.
  55: Cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Church of Christ Pastor Aeternu[...]
  56: Cf. Synod of Constantinople, DS 403.
  57: Cf. Council of Toledo I, DS 205; Council of Braga I, DS 459-460; Sixtus V, Bull Coeli et Terrae C[...]
  58: Cf. Ecumenical Council of Vienne, Decree Fidei Catholicae, DS 902; Fifth Lateran Ecumenical Counc[...]
  59: Cf. Theses a Ludovico Eugenio Bautain iussu sui Episcopi subscriptae (8 September 1840), DS 2751[...]
  60: Cf. Sacred Congregation of the Index, Decree Theses contra Traditionalismum Augustini Bonnetty (1[...]
  61: Cf. Pius IX, Brief Eximiam Tuam (15 June 1857), DS 2828-2831; Brief Gravissimas Inter (11 Decem[...]
  62: Cf. Sacred Congregation of the Holy Office, Decree Errores Ontologistarum (18 September 1861), DS 2[...]
  63: Cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, II:[...]
  64: Ibid., IV: DS 3015, cited in Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on the Chur[...]
  65: First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, IV: DS [...]
  66: Cf. Encyclical Letter Pascendi Dominici Gregis (8 September 1907): ASS 40 (1907), 596-597.
  67: Cf. Pius XI, Encyclical Letter Divini Redemptoris (19 March 1937): AAS 29 (1937), 65-106.
  68: Encyclical Letter Humani Generis (12 August 1950): AAS 42 (1950), 562-563.
  69: Ibid., loc. cit., 563-564.
  70: Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Constitution Pastor Bonus (28 June 1988), Arts. 48-49: AAS 80 (1988),[...]
  71: Cf. Instruction on Certain Aspects of the “Theology of Liberation” Libertatis Nuntius (6 August 1[...]
  72: In language as clear as it is authoritative, the First Vatican Council condemned this error, affi[...]
  73: Cf. Nos. 9-10.
  74: Ibid., 10.
  75: Ibid., 21.
  76: Cf. ibid., 10.
  77: Cf. Encyclical Letter Humani Generis (12 August 1950): AAS 42 (1950), 565-567; 571-573.



  • CHAPTER V - THE MAGISTERIUM'S INTERVENTIONS IN PHILOSOPHICAL MATTERS
    • The Church's interest in philosophy
  78: Cf. Encyclical Letter Æterni Patris (4 August 1879): ASS 11 (1878-1879), 97-115.
  79: Ibid., loc. cit., 109.
  80: Cf. Nos. 14-15.
  81: Cf. ibid., 20-21.
  82: Ibid., 22; cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Redemptor Hominis (4 March 1979), 8: AAS 71 (1979), [...]
  83: Decree on Priestly Formation Optatam Totius, 15.
  84: Cf. Apostolic Constitution Sapientia Christiana (15 April 1979), Arts. 79-80: AAS 71 (1979), 495-[...]
  85: Cf. Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gaudium et Spes, 57; 62.
  86: Cf. ibid., 44.
  87: Cf. Fifth Lateran Ecumenical Council, Bull Apostolici Regimini Sollicitudo, Session VIII: Concil[...]



  • CHAPTER VI - THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY
    • The knowledge of faith and the demands of philosophical reason
  88: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 10.[...]
  89: Saint Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, II-II, 5, 3 ad 2.
  90: “The search for the conditions in which man on his own initiative asks the first basic questions [...]
  91: Ibid.
  92: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gau[...]
  93: Saint Thomas Aquinas, De Caelo, 1, 22.
  94: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gau[...]



  • CHAPTER VI - THE INTERACTION BETWEEN PHILOSOPHY AND THEOLOGY
    • Different stances of philosophy
  95: Saint Augustine, De Praedestinatione Sanctorum, 2, 5: PL 44, 963.
  96: Idem, De Fide, Spe et Caritate, 7: CCL 64, 61.



  • CHAPTER VII - CURRENT REQUIREMENTS AND TASKS
    • The indispensable requirements of the word of God
  97: Cf. Ecumenical Council of Chalcedon, Symbolum, Definitio: DS 302.
  98: Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Redemptor Hominis (4 March 1979), 15: AAS 71 (1979), 286-289. [...]
  99: Cf., for example, Saint Thomas Aquinas, Summa Theologiae, I, 16, 1; Saint Bonaventure, Coll. In H[...]
  100: Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gaudium et Spes, 15.
  101: Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Veritatis Splendor (6 August 1993), 57-61: AAS 85 (1993), 1179[...]
  102: Cf. First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, IV:[...]
  103: Cf. Fourth Lateran Ecumenical Council, De Errore Abbatis Ioachim, II: DS 806.
  104: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 24;[...]
  105: Cf. John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Evangelium Vitae (25 March 1995), 69: AAS 87 (1995), 481.
  106: In the same sense I commented in my first Encyclical Letter on the expression in the Gospel of Sa[...]



  • CHAPTER VII - CURRENT REQUIREMENTS AND TASKS
    • Current tasks for theology
  107: Address at the Opening of the Council (11 October 1962): AAS 54 ( 1962), 792.
  108: Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, Instruction on the Ecclesial Vocation of the Theologia[...]
  109: In the Encyclical Letter Dominum et Vivificantem, commenting on Jn 16:12-13, I wrote: “Jesus pres[...]
  110: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on Divine Revelation Dei Verbum, 13.[...]
  111: Cf. Pontifical Biblical Commission, Instruction on the Historical Truth of the Gospels (21 April[...]
  112: “It is clear that the Church cannot be tied to any and every passing philosophical system. Nevert[...]
  113: “As for the meaning of dogmatic formulas, this remains ever true and constant in the Church, even[...]
  114: Cf. Congregation of the Holy Office, Decree Lamentabili (3 July 1907), 26: ASS 40 (1907), 473. [...]
  115: Cf. John Paul II, Address to the Pontifical Athenaeum “Angelicum” (17 November 1979), 6: Insegnam[...]
  116: No. 32: AAS 85 (1993), 1159-1160.
  117: Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation Catechesi Tradendae (16 October 1979), 30: AAS 71 (1979)[...]
  118: Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Exhortation Catechesi Tradendae (16 October 1979), 30: AAS 71 (1979)[...]
  119: Cf. ibid., 22, loc. cit., 1295-1296.
  120: Cf. ibid., 7, loc. cit., 1282.
  121: Cf. ibid., 59, loc. cit., 1325.



  • CONCLUSION
  122: First Vatican Ecumenical Council, Dogmatic Constitution on the Catholic Faith Dei Filius, IV: DS [...]
  123: “Nobody can make of theology as it were a simple collection of his own personal ideas, but everyb[...]
  124: Cf. Second Vatican Ecumenical Council, Declaration on Religious Freedom Dignitatis Humanae, 1-3. [...]
  125: Cf. Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Nuntiandi (8 December 1975), 20: AAS 68 (1976), 18-19.
  126: Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World Gaudium et Spes, 92.
  127: Cf. ibid., 10.
  128: Prologus, 4: Opera Omnia, Florence, 1891, vol. V, 296.
  129: Cf. Decree on Priestly Formation Optatam Totius, 15.
  130: Cf. John Paul II, Apostolic Constitution Sapientia Christiana (15 April 1979), Arts. 67-68: AAS 7[...]
  131: John Paul II, Address to the University of Krakow for the 600th Anniversary of the Jagiellonian U[...]
  132: “He noera tes pisteos trapeza”: Pseudo-Epiphanius, Homily in Praise of Holy Mary Mother of God: P[...]



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