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| Leo PP. XIII Pastoralis Officii IntraText - Concordances (Hapax - words occurring once) |
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1 10| of St. Peter, September 12, 1891, in the fourteenth 2 3 | constitution of November 10, 1752, Detestabilem, explained 3 10| St. Peter, September 12, 1891, in the fourteenth year 4 2 | 2. Clearly, divine law, both 5 3 | Penalties for Dueling~3. The Church is the protectress 6 4 | Absurdity of Dueling ~4. The wisdom of these regulations 7 5 | Fallacious Judgments ~5. Fear is not a just excuse 8 6 | Official Condemnation~6. Lastly, the baseness of 9 7 | Laws Apply to Military Too~7. Absurd, certainly, and 10 8 | 8. Finally, the new age which 11 9 | 9. It will be your duty, venerable 12 | about 13 | above 14 4 | Absurdity of Dueling ~4. The wisdom 15 3 | and likewise witnesses and accomplices.~ 16 7 | against the enemy. Can this be accomplished by the practice of a custom 17 5 | in a good man exists in accordance with reason, and unless 18 5 | distinction between honorable actions and disgraceful deeds. The 19 7 | honorable deeds and disgraceful acts are essentially different; 20 4 | reasonable persons will admit that the outcome simply 21 7 | this rationale of public advantage? Assuredly, the incentives 22 2 | life or at least wound an adversary. Furthermore, divine law 23 10| and for Christian life. Affectionately in the Lord, we impart the 24 5 | arms when provoked by an affront. Yes, indeed, if he wants 25 5 | challenge of a duel. They are afraid that they will be publicly 26 | against 27 8 | of far excelling previous ages in a more civilized culture 28 7 | incentives to military courage aim at better preparing the 29 3 | constitutions of Our predecessor Alexander III, inserted in the books 30 9 | concerning dueling, nor allow themselves to be carried 31 | another 32 3 | letter, which opens with Apostolicae Sedis and reduces the number 33 7 | Dueling Laws Apply to Military Too~7. Absurd, 34 1 | To the Archbishops and Bishops of the ~German 35 4 | dueling. The generally held argument that this sort of struggle 36 7 | defense whenever dissension arises among the soldiers for which, 37 5 | spirit than he who rushes to arms when provoked by an affront. 38 4 | that impels passionate and arrogant men to seek satisfaction. 39 9 | to endorse dishonorable associations, in like manner, we are 40 7 | rationale of public advantage? Assuredly, the incentives to military 41 1 | your request that We, too, attempt to dissuade men from this 42 1 | of the ~German Empire and Austria-Hungary.~Mindful of your pastoral 43 6 | to repress it by public authority and published penalties. 44 2 | privately and singly and avenge their honor which they believe 45 8 | uncouth age and foreign barbarism that we know as the custom 46 8 | it does not repudiate the base remnants of an uncouth age 47 6 | Condemnation~6. Lastly, the baseness of dueling is so evident, 48 2 | that those who engage in battle privately and singly take 49 | been 50 1 | vicious custom of dueling is being encouraged with greatest 51 7 | of a sensible man is the belief of those who think that 52 3 | struggle. Our predecessor Benedict XIV in his constitution 53 7 | have to be sought in public benefit which could never be so 54 | between 55 1 | To the Archbishops and Bishops of the ~German Empire and 56 10| we impart the Apostolic Blessing, Venerable Brothers, in 57 2 | the duel, there is plainly blind temerity and contempt for 58 8 | Finally, the new age which boasts of far excelling previous 59 3 | Alexander III, inserted in the books of canon law, condemn and 60 3 | disgrace; expelled from the bosom of the Church, they are 61 3 | all other punishments it brands these persons with disgrace; 62 4 | men to love each other in brotherly love and forbids them to 63 4 | that calumny or insult has brought upon the honor of citizens 64 3 | honor of ecclesiastical burial if they die in the struggle. 65 4 | it were, the stains that calumny or insult has brought upon 66 3 | inserted in the books of canon law, condemn and solemnly 67 9 | shallow men. Take particular care that youth at the right 68 9 | nor allow themselves to be carried away by the judgments of 69 6 | and destructive in this case is that the written laws 70 9 | manner, we are extending to Catholic youth the opportunity to 71 2 | anyone, outside of public cause, to kill or wound a man 72 7 | that by its very nature causes the death of one of the 73 3 | number of latae sententiae censures, clearly declares that not 74 5 | for those who accept the challenge of a duel. They are afraid 75 2 | combat or accept one when challenged, deliberately and unnecessarily 76 4 | but a madman. Even if the challenger of a duel is the victor, 77 7 | different; in no way can they be changed to their opposites by the 78 8 | whatever differs from the character of the new elegance. Why 79 2 | constrained by duty or generous charity. In the very nature of the 80 2 | deadly to the discipline of civil society and perversive to 81 7 | of those who think that civilians are to be prevented from 82 8 | that in its great zeal for civilization, it does not repudiate the 83 8 | previous ages in a more civilized culture and refinement of 84 4 | to seek satisfaction. God commands all men to love each other 85 4 | there are, we believe, who commit this crime deceived by erroneous 86 5 | which prevents a man from committing murder and makes him solicitous 87 10| God that he strengthen our common efforts with divine grace 88 5 | truly called virtue, and its companion is a glory, that is neither 89 2 | kill or wound a man unless compelled to do so in self defense. 90 7 | reason, moreover, for such a concession for the military would have 91 3 | the books of canon law, condemn and solemnly denounce these 92 6 | Official Condemnation~6. Lastly, the baseness 93 3 | therefore it has vehemently condemned and taken pains to punish 94 4 | ever violate anyone; he condemns revenge as a deadly sin 95 8 | refinement of manners is wont to consider older institutions of little 96 3 | predecessor Benedict XIV in his constitution of November 10, 1752, Detestabilem, 97 3 | guilty of private combat. The constitutions of Our predecessor Alexander 98 2 | evident danger when not constrained by duty or generous charity. 99 1 | can be found free from the contagion of the evil. Hence, We praise 100 2 | plainly blind temerity and contempt for life. There can be, 101 3 | that not only those who contend in the duel incur ecclesiastical 102 1 | of a private, individual contest called dueling. You indicate, 103 3 | these private disputes. The Council of Trent punishes with singular 104 5 | a glory, that is neither counterfeit nor deceptive. Virtue in 105 9 | Indeed, just as in other countries Catholics in the prime of 106 7 | the incentives to military courage aim at better preparing 107 5 | masses must be spurned by a courageous and steadfast man. It is 108 5 | be publicly disgraced as cowards if they refuse. Now if the 109 4 | believe, who commit this crime deceived by erroneous opinion. 110 8 | ages in a more civilized culture and refinement of manners 111 1 | grief, that even Catholics customarily engage in this type of combat. 112 2 | himself to grave and evident danger when not constrained by 113 7 | its very nature causes the death of one of the individual 114 4 | believe, who commit this crime deceived by erroneous opinion. It 115 5 | neither counterfeit nor deceptive. Virtue in a good man exists 116 4 | honor of citizens surely can decieve no one but a madman. Even 117 3 | sententiae censures, clearly declares that not only those who 118 6 | evaded in substance and in deed; and this often happens 119 2 | be given to citizens to defend their own rights privately 120 7 | What about the obvious deficiency in this rationale of public 121 2 | another's destruction and the deliberate risk of their own lives. 122 2 | accept one when challenged, deliberately and unnecessarily intend 123 3 | law, condemn and solemnly denounce these private disputes. 124 6 | evident, that in our time, despite the approval and patronage 125 2 | guilt, that of another's destruction and the deliberate risk 126 6 | What is so perverse and destructive in this case is that the 127 3 | Detestabilem, explained in fuller detail the Tridentine sanctions. 128 3 | constitution of November 10, 1752, Detestabilem, explained in fuller detail 129 3 | ecclesiastical burial if they die in the struggle. Our predecessor 130 8 | too often reject whatever differs from the character of the 131 9 | venerable brothers, to impress diligently upon the minds of your people 132 2 | pestilence more deadly to the discipline of civil society and perversive 133 5 | brothers. Truly, he who disdains the worthless judgments 134 3 | brands these persons with disgrace; expelled from the bosom 135 5 | that they will be publicly disgraced as cowards if they refuse. 136 9 | faithfully refuse to endorse dishonorable associations, in like manner, 137 3 | solemnly denounce these private disputes. The Council of Trent punishes 138 7 | country's defense whenever dissension arises among the soldiers 139 1 | that We, too, attempt to dissuade men from this manner of 140 5 | there would be no natural distinction between honorable actions 141 | do 142 2 | singly take upon themselves a double guilt, that of another's 143 2 | therefore, no obscurity or doubt in anyone's mind that those 144 6 | happens that frequently duels are fought and go unpunished, 145 5 | they refuse. Now if the duties of mankind are measured 146 | each 147 4 | submit to God, they would easily abandon the monstrous custom 148 10| he strengthen our common efforts with divine grace and that 149 8 | the character of the new elegance. Why is it that in its great 150 1 | and Bishops of the ~German Empire and Austria-Hungary.~Mindful 151 1 | custom of dueling is being encouraged with greatest forgetfulness 152 9 | and faithfully refuse to endorse dishonorable associations, 153 7 | preparing the state against the enemy. Can this be accomplished 154 6 | to it that the laws are enforced. Thus it happens that frequently 155 7 | whatever condition of life are equally bound by natural and divine 156 4 | commit this crime deceived by erroneous opinion. It is, to be sure, 157 7 | and disgraceful acts are essentially different; in no way can 158 5 | the multitude, not by the eternal norms of rectitude and justice, 159 6 | laws for the most part are evaded in substance and in deed; 160 | ever 161 1 | from the contagion of the evil. Hence, We praise your zeal. 162 5 | be of a far greater and exalted spirit than he who rushes 163 4 | regulations is more evident as one examines the absurd justification 164 8 | age which boasts of far excelling previous ages in a more 165 5 | Judgments ~5. Fear is not a just excuse for those who accept the 166 4 | absurd justification or excuses for the inhuman custom of 167 5 | deceptive. Virtue in a good man exists in accordance with reason, 168 1 | Christian precepts, it will be expedient to briefly review these 169 3 | these persons with disgrace; expelled from the bosom of the Church, 170 7 | because, they maintain, such experience sharpens military valor. 171 4 | to himself the right of expiation. If people could restrain 172 3 | 10, 1752, Detestabilem, explained in fuller detail the Tridentine 173 2 | risking his life rashly, exposing himself to grave and evident 174 9 | in like manner, we are extending to Catholic youth the opportunity 175 9 | of youth voluntarily and faithfully refuse to endorse dishonorable 176 4 | man in honor. But if he falls in the combat, does he not 177 10| protection of truly divine favors and as a witness of Our 178 6 | of many, legislators have felt bound to repress it by public 179 | Few 180 | first 181 9 | upon, that they not rashly follow false notions concerning 182 8 | remnants of an uncouth age and foreign barbarism that we know as 183 1 | encouraged with greatest forgetfulness of Christian precepts, it 184 5 | whom solid virtue shines forth. The fortitude is truly 185 5 | virtue shines forth. The fortitude is truly called virtue, 186 6 | that frequently duels are fought and go unpunished, mocking 187 | found 188 10| September 12, 1891, in the fourteenth year of Our Pontificate. ~ 189 1 | practically no people can be found free from the contagion of the 190 1 | last year concerning the frequent practice among your people 191 6 | enforced. Thus it happens that frequently duels are fought and go 192 3 | Detestabilem, explained in fuller detail the Tridentine sanctions. 193 2 | least wound an adversary. Furthermore, divine law prohibits anyone 194 4 | inhuman custom of dueling. The generally held argument that this 195 2 | not constrained by duty or generous charity. In the very nature 196 1 | Archbishops and Bishops of the ~German Empire and Austria-Hungary.~ 197 6 | frequently duels are fought and go unpunished, mocking the 198 10| common efforts with divine grace and that He kindly grant 199 10| grace and that He kindly grant what We desire for public 200 2 | rashly, exposing himself to grave and evident danger when 201 3 | pains to punish with the gravest penalties possible those 202 5 | proves himself to be of a far greater and exalted spirit than 203 1 | is being encouraged with greatest forgetfulness of Christian 204 1 | You indicate, not without grief, that even Catholics customarily 205 3 | Church is the protectress and guardian not only of truth, but also 206 2 | upon themselves a double guilt, that of another's destruction 207 4 | better man in strength or in handling a weapon, not the better 208 2 | lives. Finally, there is hardly any pestilence more deadly 209 | Hence 210 | him 211 5 | It is rather a just and holy fear which prevents a man 212 | how 213 10| 10. We humble pray God that he strengthen 214 | I 215 3 | Our predecessor Alexander III, inserted in the books of 216 10| Affectionately in the Lord, we impart the Apostolic Blessing, 217 4 | the desire of revenge that impels passionate and arrogant 218 9 | venerable brothers, to impress diligently upon the minds 219 7 | advantage? Assuredly, the incentives to military courage aim 220 3 | who contend in the duel incur ecclesiastical penalties, 221 1 | contest called dueling. You indicate, not without grief, that 222 4 | justification or excuses for the inhuman custom of dueling. The generally 223 3 | predecessor Alexander III, inserted in the books of canon law, 224 8 | is wont to consider older institutions of little value and too 225 4 | the stains that calumny or insult has brought upon the honor 226 5 | undergo the scourging of insults rather than abandon duty 227 10| public welfare, for the integrity of morals and for Christian 228 2 | deliberately and unnecessarily intend to take a life or at least 229 3 | most recent times, Pius IX in his apostolic letter, 230 5 | unless virtue rests on the judgment of God's approval, all glory 231 4 | one examines the absurd justification or excuses for the inhuman 232 2 | outside of public cause, to kill or wound a man unless compelled 233 10| divine grace and that He kindly grant what We desire for 234 5 | philosophers themselves both knew and taught that the fallacious 235 8 | foreign barbarism that we know as the custom of dueling? ~ 236 6 | this often happens with the knowledge and silence of those whose 237 | last 238 6 | Official Condemnation~6. Lastly, the baseness of dueling 239 3 | and reduces the number of latae sententiae censures, clearly 240 | least 241 6 | approval and patronage of many, legislators have felt bound to repress 242 10| year of Our Pontificate. ~LEO XIII ~ ~ 243 3 | Pius IX in his apostolic letter, which opens with Apostolicae 244 2 | order of the state than that license be given to citizens to 245 2 | that which is known by the light of reason and that which 246 | like 247 3 | called patrinos, seconds, and likewise witnesses and accomplices.~ 248 8 | consider older institutions of little value and too often reject 249 2 | deliberate risk of their own lives. Finally, there is hardly 250 10| life. Affectionately in the Lord, we impart the Apostolic 251 4 | can decieve no one but a madman. Even if the challenger 252 7 | the military because, they maintain, such experience sharpens 253 | make 254 | makes 255 5 | refuse. Now if the duties of mankind are measured by the false 256 8 | culture and refinement of manners is wont to consider older 257 | many 258 5 | fallacious judgments of the masses must be spurned by a courageous 259 | me 260 7 | indeed, occasions are by no means rare?~ 261 5 | the duties of mankind are measured by the false opinions of 262 2 | obscurity or doubt in anyone's mind that those who engage in 263 1 | Empire and Austria-Hungary.~Mindful of your pastoral duty and 264 9 | impress diligently upon the minds of your people these points 265 5 | worthless judgments of the mob, who prefers to undergo 266 6 | fought and go unpunished, mocking the law. ~ 267 4 | would easily abandon the monstrous custom of dueling.~ 268 10| welfare, for the integrity of morals and for Christian life. 269 1 | of your pastoral duty and moved by your love of neighbor, 270 5 | the false opinions of the multitude, not by the eternal norms 271 5 | prevents a man from committing murder and makes him solicitous 272 | must 273 1 | and moved by your love of neighbor, you wrote to me last year 274 | neither 275 | never 276 | nevertheless 277 5 | multitude, not by the eternal norms of rectitude and justice, 278 9 | not rashly follow false notions concerning dueling, nor 279 3 | XIV in his constitution of November 10, 1752, Detestabilem, 280 3 | Apostolicae Sedis and reduces the number of latae sententiae censures, 281 2 | There can be, therefore, no obscurity or doubt in anyone's mind 282 7 | divine law. What about the obvious deficiency in this rationale 283 7 | soldiers for which, indeed, occasions are by no means rare?~ 284 6 | Official Condemnation~6. Lastly, 285 8 | manners is wont to consider older institutions of little value 286 3 | apostolic letter, which opens with Apostolicae Sedis and 287 4 | crime deceived by erroneous opinion. It is, to be sure, the 288 5 | are measured by the false opinions of the multitude, not by 289 9 | extending to Catholic youth the opportunity to make the same agreement 290 7 | they be changed to their opposites by the different status 291 4 | persons will admit that the outcome simply proves he is the 292 2 | strictly forbids anyone, outside of public cause, to kill 293 5 | and disgraceful deeds. The pagan philosophers themselves 294 3 | vehemently condemned and taken pains to punish with the gravest 295 6 | written laws for the most part are evaded in substance 296 3 | these contests or in any way participate in them. Indeed, above all 297 9 | judgments of shallow men. Take particular care that youth at the right 298 7 | of one of the individual parties of the country's defense 299 4 | people could restrain their passion and submit to God, they 300 4 | desire of revenge that impels passionate and arrogant men to seek 301 1 | Austria-Hungary.~Mindful of your pastoral duty and moved by your love 302 3 | also those who a called patrinos, seconds, and likewise witnesses 303 6 | despite the approval and patronage of many, legislators have 304 3 | the union of which public peace and order are held together; 305 7 | yet recommend that they be permitted to the military because, 306 6 | published penalties. What is so perverse and destructive in this 307 2 | discipline of civil society and perversive to the just order of the 308 2 | Finally, there is hardly any pestilence more deadly to the discipline 309 10| at Rome at the See of St. Peter, September 12, 1891, in 310 5 | disgraceful deeds. The pagan philosophers themselves both knew and 311 3 | sanctions. In most recent times, Pius IX in his apostolic letter, 312 7 | valor. Now, in the first place, honorable deeds and disgraceful 313 2 | nature of the duel, there is plainly blind temerity and contempt 314 9 | agreement among themselves and pledge that at no time and under 315 9 | minds of your people these points which I have briefly touched 316 10| the fourteenth year of Our Pontificate. ~LEO XIII ~ ~ 317 9 | understand that the Church's position on dueling is in agreement 318 3 | with the gravest penalties possible those guilty of private 319 1 | but has spread so far that practically no people can be found free 320 1 | contagion of the evil. Hence, We praise your zeal. It is clearly 321 10| 10. We humble pray God that he strengthen our 322 1 | forgetfulness of Christian precepts, it will be expedient to 323 5 | judgments of the mob, who prefers to undergo the scourging 324 7 | military courage aim at better preparing the state against the enemy. 325 1 | agreement with natural reason, prescribes in this matter; nevertheless, 326 7 | that civilians are to be prevented from these contests, yet 327 5 | just and holy fear which prevents a man from committing murder 328 8 | boasts of far excelling previous ages in a more civilized 329 9 | countries Catholics in the prime of youth voluntarily and 330 2 | Furthermore, divine law prohibits anyone from risking his 331 4 | how absurd is this way of protecting his honor? Few there are, 332 10| Venerable Brothers, in protection of truly divine favors and 333 3 | Dueling~3. The Church is the protectress and guardian not only of 334 4 | the combat, does he not prove by the same token how absurd 335 2 | defense. Those, moreover, who provoke a private combat or accept 336 5 | who rushes to arms when provoked by an affront. Yes, indeed, 337 5 | afraid that they will be publicly disgraced as cowards if 338 6 | by public authority and published penalties. What is so perverse 339 3 | disputes. The Council of Trent punishes with singular and severe 340 3 | Indeed, above all other punishments it brands these persons 341 7 | occasions are by no means rare?~ 342 7 | obvious deficiency in this rationale of public advantage? Assuredly, 343 4 | duel is the victor, all reasonable persons will admit that 344 | recent 345 7 | from these contests, yet recommend that they be permitted to 346 5 | by the eternal norms of rectitude and justice, there would 347 3 | with Apostolicae Sedis and reduces the number of latae sententiae 348 8 | more civilized culture and refinement of manners is wont to consider 349 4 | 4. The wisdom of these regulations is more evident as one examines 350 8 | little value and too often reject whatever differs from the 351 8 | does not repudiate the base remnants of an uncouth age and foreign 352 6 | legislators have felt bound to repress it by public authority and 353 8 | civilization, it does not repudiate the base remnants of an 354 1 | combat. At the same time your request that We, too, attempt to 355 4 | revenge as a deadly sin and reserves to himself the right of 356 4 | expiation. If people could restrain their passion and submit 357 1 | indeed a deadly error and not restricted to your country, but has 358 5 | reason, and unless virtue rests on the judgment of God's 359 2 | reason and that which is revealed in Sacred Scripture, strictly 360 1 | be expedient to briefly review these rules.~ 361 5 | if he wants to be judged rightly, he is the one in whom solid 362 2 | citizens to defend their own rights privately and singly and 363 2 | destruction and the deliberate risk of their own lives. Finally, 364 2 | law prohibits anyone from risking his life rashly, exposing 365 10| Our good will.~Given at Rome at the See of St. Peter, 366 1 | to briefly review these rules.~ 367 5 | exalted spirit than he who rushes to arms when provoked by 368 2 | that which is revealed in Sacred Scripture, strictly forbids 369 5 | him solicitous of his own safety and that of his brothers. 370 3 | fuller detail the Tridentine sanctions. In most recent times, Pius 371 4 | and arrogant men to seek satisfaction. God commands all men to 372 5 | who prefers to undergo the scourging of insults rather than abandon 373 2 | which is revealed in Sacred Scripture, strictly forbids anyone, 374 3 | those who a called patrinos, seconds, and likewise witnesses 375 3 | which opens with Apostolicae Sedis and reduces the number of 376 4 | passionate and arrogant men to seek satisfaction. God commands 377 2 | unless compelled to do so in self defense. Those, moreover, 378 7 | certainly, and unworthy of a sensible man is the belief of those 379 3 | reduces the number of latae sententiae censures, clearly declares 380 10| at the See of St. Peter, September 12, 1891, in the fourteenth 381 3 | punishes with singular and severe penalties those who engage 382 9 | away by the judgments of shallow men. Take particular care 383 7 | maintain, such experience sharpens military valor. Now, in 384 5 | one in whom solid virtue shines forth. The fortitude is 385 4 | will admit that the outcome simply proves he is the better 386 4 | condemns revenge as a deadly sin and reserves to himself 387 3 | Council of Trent punishes with singular and severe penalties those 388 2 | the discipline of civil society and perversive to the just 389 7 | dissension arises among the soldiers for which, indeed, occasions 390 3 | of canon law, condemn and solemnly denounce these private disputes. 391 5 | committing murder and makes him solicitous of his own safety and that 392 5 | rightly, he is the one in whom solid virtue shines forth. The 393 4 | held argument that this sort of struggle washes away, 394 7 | military would have to be sought in public benefit which 395 5 | far greater and exalted spirit than he who rushes to arms 396 1 | to your country, but has spread so far that practically 397 5 | judgments of the masses must be spurned by a courageous and steadfast 398 10| Given at Rome at the See of St. Peter, September 12, 1891, 399 4 | washes away, as it were, the stains that calumny or insult has 400 7 | opposites by the different status of persons. Indeed, men 401 5 | spurned by a courageous and steadfast man. It is rather a just 402 4 | he is the better man in strength or in handling a weapon, 403 10| humble pray God that he strengthen our common efforts with 404 2 | revealed in Sacred Scripture, strictly forbids anyone, outside 405 4 | restrain their passion and submit to God, they would easily 406 6 | most part are evaded in substance and in deed; and this often 407 4 | erroneous opinion. It is, to be sure, the desire of revenge that 408 4 | upon the honor of citizens surely can decieve no one but a 409 3 | vehemently condemned and taken pains to punish with the 410 5 | themselves both knew and taught that the fallacious judgments 411 2 | there is plainly blind temerity and contempt for life. There 412 7 | the belief of those who think that civilians are to be 413 | Thus 414 3 | sanctions. In most recent times, Pius IX in his apostolic 415 | together 416 4 | he not prove by the same token how absurd is this way of 417 9 | points which I have briefly touched upon, that they not rashly 418 3 | disputes. The Council of Trent punishes with singular and 419 3 | explained in fuller detail the Tridentine sanctions. In most recent 420 3 | and guardian not only of truth, but also of justice and 421 1 | customarily engage in this type of combat. At the same time 422 8 | the base remnants of an uncouth age and foreign barbarism 423 | under 424 5 | the mob, who prefers to undergo the scourging of insults 425 9 | youth at the right time understand that the Church's position 426 3 | justice and honor, in the union of which public peace and 427 2 | challenged, deliberately and unnecessarily intend to take a life or 428 6 | duels are fought and go unpunished, mocking the law. ~ 429 5 | s approval, all glory is vain.~ 430 7 | experience sharpens military valor. Now, in the first place, 431 8 | older institutions of little value and too often reject whatever 432 3 | together; therefore it has vehemently condemned and taken pains 433 1 | nevertheless, because the vicious custom of dueling is being 434 4 | challenger of a duel is the victor, all reasonable persons 435 4 | and forbids them to ever violate anyone; he condemns revenge 436 2 | which they believe has been violated.~ 437 7 | great so as to silence the voice of natural and divine law. 438 9 | Catholics in the prime of youth voluntarily and faithfully refuse to 439 5 | affront. Yes, indeed, if he wants to be judged rightly, he 440 4 | that this sort of struggle washes away, as it were, the stains 441 4 | strength or in handling a weapon, not the better man in honor. 442 10| what We desire for public welfare, for the integrity of morals 443 | were 444 | whenever 445 | whom 446 | whose 447 | Why 448 4 | Absurdity of Dueling ~4. The wisdom of these regulations is 449 | without 450 10| truly divine favors and as a witness of Our good will.~Given 451 3 | patrinos, seconds, and likewise witnesses and accomplices.~ 452 8 | refinement of manners is wont to consider older institutions 453 5 | Truly, he who disdains the worthless judgments of the mob, who 454 6 | in this case is that the written laws for the most part are 455 1 | your love of neighbor, you wrote to me last year concerning 456 10| of Our Pontificate. ~LEO XIII ~ ~ 457 3 | Our predecessor Benedict XIV in his constitution of November 458 | Yes 459 | yet