1.3 In the religious field

Profound change is also being experienced in the religious field. Traditional religions, whether ethnic or international, are being organized. There is a change from peaceful religious allegiance to a revival of religions. Religions have become aware of their values and their strength in relation to culture and politics, whether local or international. Even among Christians, there is a revival of animism which is fostered by movements for greater authenticity, by cultural nationalism, by the need for inculturation without the necessary discernment.

Religions are becoming organized and maintained at world level and are acquiring missionary courage not only in their traditional territories but at world level too. There has, therefore, been a change from local autonomy to mutual international support and from personal practice to political awareness of religion. Not only Islam but also Hinduism, Buddhism and even the traditional religions are moving in this direction. This revival has brought about a new emphasis on religious pluralism which has increased with a charismatic type of proselytism by Christian and other communities whether in the American style or in that of the native religions.

The cultural and religious changes have upset the security of the methods formerly used by the missionaries. Ethnic wars and the accompanying genocide have cast doubts on the genuineness of the Christian conversion. Discernment with regard to the renaissance of animism has been interpreted differently by locals and foreigners.