Introduction

The opinion of those detractors, who presume to impunge John XXII's constitutions "Ad conditorem canonum," and "Quum inter nonnullos", just mentioned above, is reproved. And with the aforementioned replies having been made to all their objections, at last they are declared [to be] as heretics and rebels to the Roman Church, [men] to be avoided by all, if, they thereafter would presume knowingly by word or writing to defend or approve anything contrary to those [consitutions]. Here follows under the second and third parts the prolix and useful disputation concerning the "materia clavium" [that over which the Keys of Peter have authority]: