102-exige | exist-prosp | prote-york
bold = Main text
Chapter, Paragraph grey = Comment text
501 II,12 | time, in particular, there exists another form of ownership
502 III,5 | consequent stemming of the rural exodus.~The dependable provision
503 II (39) | private property with such exorbitant taxes as to impoverish it":
504 I,5 | resources have steadily expanded into land traditionally
505 III,8 | There are valid reasons to expect a policy of individual assignment
506 I,6 | their travel and living expenses. Similar tactics have been
507 III,7 | available, they are very expensive. However, their worst problems
508 II,2 | This view of property explains the severity of the Bible'
509 Intro | these subjects, and its explicit intention of building society
510 Intro | these statements may not be explicitly cited, they are constantly
511 I,14 | mining activities or to exploit the resulting timber, but
512 III,10 | promotion of a predominantly export-oriented agriculture — does not lead
513 III,10 | effect because the products exported are less labour-intensive
514 I,9 | if they need loans, thus exposing themselves to risks that
515 II,5 | property.~This doctrine was expounded by St Thomas Aquinas,(27)
516 Intro | contribution, and are often expressions of deeply felt Christian
517 II,8 | an instrument capable of extending private ownership of land
518 Intro | referred to. They constitute an extremely valuable and significant
519 II,4 | the break-up of the social fabric and the degradation of the
520 III,4 | operations.~Credit must be facilitated and encouraged for the various
521 I,8 | and of which they are de facto owners. They are often stripped
522 I,3 | at agrarian reform have failed in their various aims of
523 I,3 | Failures of Agrarian Reform~7. Agrarian
524 II,2 | that have been forgotten or fallen on the ground, since they
525 II,9 | be,"(40) it suggests that family-owned and farmed enterprises should
526 I,13 | phenomenon, caused not only by famine, but also by political choices
527 I,12 | inverse relation between farm-size and productivity. The production
528 II,9 | suggests that family-owned and farmed enterprises should be actively
529 I (6) | The term "small farmer" refers, in this document,
530 Conclu | the invisible God whose fatherly heart urges him to go in
531 I,1 | appropriation of the land, favoured by laws which introduced
532 I,4 | adopted for certain products, favouring large agro-industrial concerns
533 I,10 | techniques with local farming features, and especially with local
534 II,1 | he created him; male and female he created them" (Gen 1:
535 I,1 | move their family to less fertile and more isolated land which
536 I,14 | degradation and reduced soil fertility, high risks of flooding,
537 II,2 | in Babylonia there was a feudal structure, with the king
538 II,2 | granting land in exchange for fidelity and services. Things were
539 II,3 | original families every fifty years.~The second freedom
540 III,10 | negative consequences on the fight against poverty and hunger.~
541 II,1 | fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and subdue it;
542 III,2 | indigenous populations. A final factor indispensable for
543 II (20) | and the "ontological and finalistic priority of individual human
544 III,10 | of traditional crops less financially viable.~However, this series
545 II,8 | in middle-size and large firms";(38)~c) in terms of tax
546 I,3 | destabilise the reform process: firstly, a scandalous series of
547 I (5) | adoption of differentiated fiscal systems to the advantage
548 II,1 | and have dominion over the fish of the sea and over the
549 I,12 | the population. At least five of these can be listed:~
550 I,4 | allowing them to recoup fixed investments in a relatively
551 I,3 | large landholdings, and to fixing prices and forms of the
552 I,14 | fertility, high risks of flooding, lowering of water-tables,
553 II,8 | long as public authorities follow three distinct but complementary
554 II,2 | for one's own advantage is forbidden: we cannot do whatever we
555 III,3 | teach farmers how to join forces and face the market together,
556 I,3 | the presence of important foreign interests, concerned about
557 II (37) | First and foremost is this: governments must
558 II,2 | and ears that have been forgotten or fallen on the ground,
559 I,1 | land not only led to the formation and consolidation of large
560 | former
561 III,2 | programmes are correctly formulated. Their success must not
562 II,3 | your God, who brought you forth out of the land of Egypt
563 III,2 | such a reform will not be forthcoming, however, unless its programmes
564 | found
565 I,1 | diametrically opposite effect of fragmenting small holdings.~In the best
566 Conclu | Justice and Peace~Most Rev. François-Xavier Nguyen Van Thuan~Vice-President
567 II,3 | The basis for these three freedoms is particularly interesting: "...
568 III,9 | guarantee the right of workers freely to negotiate their employment
569 III,8 | the other hand, provide a fresh orientation for economic
570 I,5 | of expanding agricultural frontiers have been decided, planned
571 III,10 | farmers be penalized on two fronts. In the first place, the
572 III,8 | reform programmes are to fulfil all these aims.~a) Adequate
573 III,7 | large numbers of people fulfill the necessary conditions
574 II,12 | especially as a means of personal fulfillment through the use of their
575 Intro (3)| Evangelización en el presente y en el futuro de América Latina, 1979)
576 Conclu | call him "Abba! Father!" (Gal 4:6).~Rome, 23rd November
577 II,1 | creation.~Man is placed in the garden to till it and keep it (
578 II,2 | and the prohibition on gathering up fruit and ears that have
579 II,3 | all the families of Israel gave rise to one of the most
580 III,1 | climate of collective emotion generated can easily lead to a series
581 III,1 | actions and reactions that can get out of hand, while the various
582 III,6 | training rather than that of girls.~In view of this situation,
583 II,1 | men for the benefit of the gods — which in fact meant the
584 II,4 | scandal because it clearly goes against God's will and salvific
585 Intro (3)| a reforma agrária hoje (Goiânia, 1 August 1995); Pro-memória
586 I (5) | large estates, in some cases going so far as to ban the purchase
587 Intro | building society under the gospel sign of justice and peace.~
588 II,7 | appeal to members of the government and large landowners in
589 Conclu | they are called by God's grace, and in addressing a great
590 I,1 | nineteenth century, through gradual private appropriation of
591 III,8 | technological innovation — tend gradually to shift to individual ownership
592 Conclu | of many Christians, for grave forms of injustice and exclusion,
593 II,7 | repeats several times that the greatest possible realisation of
594 I,1 | However, when the family grew, they were unable to increase
595 I,4 | farmers if they are not grouped in associations.~10. The
596 III,1 | various sectors and social groupings. This is the aim of an agrarian
597 III (52) | this case, common ownership guarantees access to land for all the
598 II,6 | God's command to act as guardian and wise administrator of
599 III,4 | guarantee and reduce the handling costs of credit operations.~
600 III,10 | employment is penalized.~It can happen that small farmers be penalized
601 I,8 | registers often make it even harder for small farmers to obtain
602 II (35) | used, or because they bring hardship to peoples or are detrimental
603 III,7 | items for export without harming the local economy.~It is
604 III,1 | and society are to develop harmoniously, a major focus of concern
605 II,1 | and Babylonia, work was a harsh necessity imposed on men
606 I,6 | destroy possessions and harvests, deprive community leaders
607 II,7 | value as the basis for a healthy economy, within the social
608 I,13 | social consequences are heavy and high. The agricultural
609 II,6 | knowing that "he is the heir to the work of generations
610 Intro (3)| of Latin American Bishops held in Rio de Janeiro (1955),
611 | her
612 I,6 | on many occasions, not hesitated to establish a climate of
613 II,7 | unproductive lands that hide the bread that so many families
614 I,13 | privileges of a minority often hinders or in fact prevents — albeit
615 I,1 | countries' land systems.(4)~The historical origins of the process of
616 Intro (3)| CPT e a reforma agrária hoje (Goiânia, 1 August 1995);
617 II (41) | But if we hold to a human and Christian
618 I,5 | whenever the old or new holders of legal title to the property
619 I,1 | unable to increase their holding, unless they were prepared
620 II,10 | land ownership, but also holds common property, which is
621 II,8 | durable consumer goods, of homes, of farms, of one's own
622 Intro (3)| Episcopal Conference of Honduras, Mensaje sobre algunos temas
623 Conclu | of creation — we strongly hope that, as in the biblical
624 III,5 | basic health structures and hospitals, widespread health education
625 Intro (3)| evangelización, promoción humana, cultura cristiana, 1992),
626 I,5 | concerns, the establishment of hydroelectric plants and the exploitation
627 I,1 | holdings.~In the best of hypotheses, small farmers(6) could
628 III,5 | without excessive costs. The idea that education is a purely
629 II (41) | forced to consider as an ideal that community of persons
630 III,8 | reform must allow for the identification of equitable and rational
631 Intro (3)| Janeiro (1955), Medellin (La Iglesia en la actual transformación
632 II (47) | and it is impossible to ignore it": ibid., no. 20.~
633 I,5 | indigenous inhabitants have been ignored when the expansion of large-scale
634 II (27) | Cf. Summa theologiae, II-II, q. 66, art. 7.~
635 III | CHAPTER III~AGRARIAN REFORM: AN INSTRUMENT ~
636 I,10 | in charge of training are ill-prepared for their task.~This creates
637 I,6 | conflicts, intimidation and illegal arrests are used, and, in
638 II (29) | result of curbing them or of illicit exploitation, speculation
639 II,4 | and fundamental documents illustrating its fundamental criteria
640 III,2 | objectives so that it can have immediate results, given the serious
641 Intro | developed economies are not immune to this contradiction, it
642 I,1 | experience shows what a negative impact it has on economic growth
643 III,1 | is a vital, necessary and imperative element of development policy.~
644 I,2 | All this has given added impetus to the process of concentration
645 II,5 | basically an instrument to implement the principle of the universal
646 I (5) | produce;~d) the imposition of import barriers in order to protect
647 II,1 | work was a harsh necessity imposed on men for the benefit of
648 II (39) | such exorbitant taxes as to impoverish it": Pius XI, Encyclical
649 II,6 | part of these same goods, impoverishing the whole of humanity. They
650 I,1 | and, in any case, further impoverishment of the farmers and their
651 I,1 | situation has basically not improved in recent decades and, in
652 I,12 | hence their possibility of improving the efficiency and equity
653 I,6 | the crimes are guaranteed impunity by weaknesses in the administration
654 III,10 | social inequality, and of the inadequacy of technico-administrative
655 I,8 | In many countries, the inadequate normative framework and
656 I,13 | education and health needs are inadequately met.~The traditional balance
657 II,4 | will and salvific plan, inasmuch as it deprives a large part
658 Conclu | void which makes people incapable of change and renewal. While
659 I,11 | inputs, thus reducing any incentive to improve production techniques.~
660 III,1 | agriculture raises farmers' incomes, increases the demand for
661 III,3 | most efficient, not only in increasing the productivity of soil
662 | Indeed
663 III,1 | intolerable and morally indefensible state of affairs, and is
664 II,4 | Continuing on the path indicated by Sacred Scripture, the
665 Intro | calling for a solution and indicating the spirit and objectives
666 I,6 | administration of justice and the indifference of many States to international
667 Intro (3)| situación de los campesinos y indígenas (San José, 2 August 1994);
668 II (33) | Paul II, Address to the Indios and Peasants of Mexico,
669 I,12 | large landholdings through indirect subsidies, advantageous
670 III,9 | employment conditions both individually and collectively;~c) implementation
671 II (45) | which the initiative of individuals, free groups and local work
672 Conclu | history when [Christians] ... indulged in ways of thinking and
673 Intro | The development model of industrialized societies is capable of
674 III,1 | and services produced by industry and the service sector,
675 III,10 | of a widespread social inequality, and of the inadequacy of
676 I,11 | rural poor, with all the inevitable consequences for their lives.~
677 III,9 | are not respected, this inevitably has adverse effects on market
678 III,5 | availability of simple, inexpensive remedies are vital in order
679 I,1 | land, which is often of inferior quality. Large holdings
680 III,5 | areas has little ability to influence political choices and that
681 I,10 | situations, and extension work to inform farmers of the existence
682 III,4 | therefore, recourse to the informal credit sector, with all
683 I,4 | have meant that the whole infrastructure and service system tends
684 II,5 | function directly and naturally inherent in goods and their destination
685 III,1 | development. In the short term, it inhibits growth of agricultural production
686 I,6 | are forced to work at an inhuman pace for wages that often
687 II (45) | the framework of which the initiative of individuals, free groups
688 III,4 | to avoiding such risks, initiatives that promote the establishment
689 III,8 | inputs and technological innovation — tend gradually to shift
690 III,3 | that relatively simple but innovative techniques are generally
691 II,2 | However, the Old Testament insists that the earth is God's
692 Intro | the principles that should inspire solutions to this highly
693 I,13 | ever more complex, causing instability and conflict, which in turn
694 I,6 | violence. The executors and instigators of the crimes are guaranteed
695 II,3 | Jubilee (cf. Lev 25).(17) This institution translates God's lordship
696 II,4 | well as orientations and instructions to guide choices.~In the
697 III,1 | while the various forms of instrumentalisation which can so easily occur
698 I,6 | international juridical instruments concerning respect for human
699 I,10 | concerns for market reasons;~– insufficient attention to the compatibility
700 I,4 | products. They are poorly integrated into the market, and their
701 I,3 | subsistence phase to one of integration with the domestic and international
702 II,12 | through the use of their own intelligence and freedom.~Priority must
703 III,10 | development models they intend to promote, they must take
704 III,3 | requirement of the latter to intensify production and the need
705 I,1 | Underlying all is the interaction of a whole series of particularly
706 Conclu | to God.~Let us invoke the intercession of Mary, Mother of our Redeemer,
707 I (11) | On the close interconnection in most traditional agrarian
708 Intro (3)| Mensaje sobre algunos temas de interés nacional (Tegucigalpa, 28
709 II,3 | freedoms is particularly interesting: "... for I am the Lord
710 I,8 | without considering the intergenerational continuity of family property.~
711 I,3 | the door of an erroneous interpretation of the needs of the agricultural
712 I,12 | the land market: political interventions in the market often directly
713 Conclu | that they can share in the intimate life of God and be able
714 I,6 | populations.~In these conflicts, intimidation and illegal arrests are
715 II,6 | condemning latifundia as intrinsically illegitimate.~Such large
716 II,2 | specific situation — the law introduces numerous limitations to
717 Intro | INTRODUCTION~1. The development model
718 I,5 | real risk of being seen as "invaders" of their own land.~The
719 I,12 | economy, there is usually an inverse relation between farm-size
720 Conclu | and praise to God.~Let us invoke the intercession of Mary,
721 II (33) | on 3 February 1985; at Iquitos, Peru, on 5 February 1985;
722 II,9 | expression of a socially irresponsible use of the right to property
723 II,2 | add field to field" cries Isaiah (5:8), while his contemporary
724 I,1 | to less fertile and more isolated land which required proportionately
725 II,2 | to All His Children~24. Israelites had the right to ownership
726 Intro (3)| Cristãs para a paz social (Itaici, 24 April 1996).~
727 | itself
728 I (10) | autochtones dans l'enseignement de Jean-Paul II, Vatican City 1993, p.
729 I,4 | the fall in the supply of jobs owing to agricultural mechanization
730 Intro (3)| campesinos y indígenas (San José, 2 August 1994); Episcopal
731 III,8 | social services that they judge suited to their social organization
732 II,4 | concentration of landholdings is judged a scandal because it clearly
733 II (33) | at Recife, Brazil, on 7 July 1980; at Cuzco, Peru, on
734 II (29) | Ownership of this kind has no justification and represents an abuse
735 II,6 | rich," so that "no one is justified in keeping for his exclusive
736 II,7 | insufficiently used, this justifies expropriation of land —
737 II,1 | and can, in fact, seem to justify the type of despotic and
738 III,5 | well-being. They are therefore a key factor in sustainable development.~
739 II (16) | is emblematic here (cf. 1 Kings 21).~
740 II,12 | skill."(48)~The more farmers know about the productive capacities
741 II,6 | Rather, man has to work, knowing that "he is the heir to
742 III,10 | products exported are less labour-intensive than those consumed locally,
743 I,3 | of land.~Failure can be laid partly at the door of an
744 I,14 | siltation of rivers and lakes, and other environmental
745 I (6) | process of fragmentation of land-holdings. This process is a counter-image
746 I,12 | productivity. The production per land-unit of small landowners is higher
747 II (35) | If certain landed estates impede the general
748 II,6 | misappropriation of land by large landholders or national or international
749 I,3 | favour of a large-scale landholding system as against traditional
750 I (7) | Cf. FAO, Landlessness: A Growing Problem, Economic
751 I,6 | uncontrolled forms of violence.~The landowning élite and the large companies
752 II,1 | advantage. However, in biblical language, they are used to describe
753 II,7 | whole."(32)~John Paul II launched a particularly dramatic
754 III,7 | concerted action in the launching and development of the farm
755 | least
756 I,13 | fact prevents — albeit not legally — the development of agricultural
757 II (19) | human will and the specific legislation of different peoples to
758 I,7 | structural problems, for example legislative deficiencies and delays
759 II,5 | regard the external goods he legitimately owns not merely as exclusive
760 II (37) | ensure private property": Leo XIII, Encyclical letter
761 I (10) | Council for Justice and Peace, Les peuples autochtones dans
762 I (8) | such failure, see: FAO, Lessons from the Green Revolution
763 | Let
764 II,2 | master. Thus the book of Leviticus states: "The land shall
765 II,5 | the conditions for civil liberty."(22)~As history and experience
766 Intro | political intent, for that lies outside the Church's field
767 | like
768 II,5 | in order to live sets a limit on the right of private
769 II,5 | circumscribed within the limits of the fundamental social
770 II,11 | ownership of land. The close links between work and property
771 I,12 | least five of these can be listed:~a) distortions in the land
772 I,5 | of land on which they had lived for centuries, which means
773 I,11 | inevitable consequences for their lives.~Apart from making access
774 III,10 | labour-intensive than those consumed locally, with the result that employment
775 III,5 | activities, a growth in overall locallyproduced income, and a consequent
776 Conclu | destiny of many peoples remain locked into an increasingly uncertain
777 III,10 | not due exclusively to the logic of commercial exchanges.
778 I,9 | poor economies, access to long-term credit tends to be directly
779 I,13 | their land. They have to look on as their economic, social,
780 Intro (3)| pastoral sobre la situación de los campesinos y indígenas (
781 I,9 | the partial or even total loss of their land — for property
782 I,12 | pegging of farm wages at low levels: this pegging is
783 III,7 | intended to grant loans to low-income families and women in order
784 I,12 | individual basis;~d) the lower profitability of small farms:
785 II (33) | on 5 February 1985; at Lucutanga, Ecuador, on 31 January
786 II (33) | at Aterro do Bacanga, São Luís, Brazil, on 14 October 1991;
787 Intro (3)| transformación de América Latina a la luz del Concilio, 1968), Puebla (
788 III,7 | allow a fuller use of machinery and an effective concentration
789 III,9 | concern them;~d) adoption of macro-economic policies which respect the
790 Intro (3)| Conference of Costa Rica, Madre Tierra. Carta pastoral sobre
791 II,2 | or his manservant, or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or
792 I,4 | expense of production intended mainly for their own consumption,
793 I,11 | farmers. The lack or poor maintenance of roads and the scarcity
794 II,1 | image of God he created him; male and female he created them" (
795 I,13 | natural resources, hunger and malnutrition still constitute the main
796 I,4 | which agrarian policies have managed the export of agricultural
797 I,3 | planning, organizing and managing such reforms.(8)~Basically,
798 II,5 | stifling of "the fundamental manifestations of freedom."(23)~30. The
799 Intro (3)| subject of agrarian reform: Manifesto pela terra e pela vita a
800 I,2 | industrial production and manipulating the exchange rates of the
801 II,5 | be shared fairly by all mankind under the guidance of justice
802 II,2 | house, his field, or his manservant, or his maidservant, his
803 II,6 | the goods of nature and manufactured goods."(31)~
804 I,3 | still free, but which may be marginal and poor in social infrastructures.~
805 III,6 | Despite this, they are widely marginalised by severe forms of economic
806 Pre | the right of the poor and marginalized to enjoy the use of the
807 I (6) | subject who operates on the margins of agricultural production
808 Conclu | Justice and Peace~Diarmuid Martin~Secretary Pontifical Council
809 Conclu | invoke the intercession of Mary, Mother of our Redeemer,
810 III (52) | poverty and the creation of a mass of landless people such
811 I,3 | preventing the expulsion of large masses of peasant farmers from
812 I,1 | farmers(6) could acquire a meager piece of land to work with
813 Intro (2)| The meaning of latifundia in this document
814 I,2 | the market distribution mechanism and that have therefore
815 I,4 | jobs owing to agricultural mechanization have made access to credit,
816 Intro (3)| in Rio de Janeiro (1955), Medellin (La Iglesia en la actual
817 III,2 | these objectives. In the medium and long term, however,
818 III,3 | professional know-how to meet the demands of agrarian
819 I,13 | are increasingly becoming megacities, and where social conflict,
820 I,5 | origins of which are lost in memory.~In the culture and spirituality
821 Intro (3)| Conference of Honduras, Mensaje sobre algunos temas de interés
822 I (5) | distortion deserve particular mention:~a) the constitution of
823 III,3 | to innovations in tilling methods and soil use, which tend
824 II,2 | while his contemporary Micah says: "They covet fields,
825 II,8 | family size, of shares in middle-size and large firms";(38)~c)
826 I,3 | from the land and their migration to urban centers or to land
827 Pre | problems affect the dignity of millions of persons and deprive the
828 II (42) | traditions which guarantee a minimum of necessities to each one":
829 I,14 | of extensive ranching or mining activities or to exploit
830 I,13 | Defence of the privileges of a minority often hinders or in fact
831 II,1 | dominion" are two easily misunderstood concepts and can, in fact,
832 III,3 | resource so as to avoid misuse.~
833 Intro | INTRODUCTION~1. The development model of industrialized societies
834 III,5 | face the complexity of the modern-day world without excessive
835 I,2 | countries have sought to modernize their economies as quickly
836 III (52) | forced to sell their very modest plots of land. In other
837 Pre | development.~There is not a moment to lose. The Great Jubilee
838 III,9 | as concerns taxation and monetary issues, and trade with other
839 I,9 | farmers have to turn to money-lenders if they need loans, thus
840 I,9 | usually the real focus of such moneylenders' operations. This results
841 I,11 | dominated by traders whose monopolistic position means that farmers
842 III,1 | expression of an intolerable and morally indefensible state of affairs,
843 III,5 | to reduce mortality and morbidity.~51. With regard to services,
844 | Moreover
845 III,5 | vital in order to reduce mortality and morbidity.~51. With
846 Conclu | the intercession of Mary, Mother of our Redeemer, and the
847 II,1 | an instrument of power or motive for division.~The right
848 I,13 | economic and social problems mount up, political problems become
849 I,1 | unless they were prepared to move their family to less fertile
850 II,1 | to them: "Be fruitful and multiply, and fill the earth and
851 Intro (3)| consequências do Decreto n. 1775 de 8 de Janeiro de
852 II (16) | The account of Naboth's vineyard is emblematic
853 Intro (3)| algunos temas de interés nacional (Tegucigalpa, 28 August
854 II,5 | social function directly and naturally inherent in goods and their
855 Intro | and represents a concrete negation of the principle derived
856 | neither
857 Conclu | Most Rev. François-Xavier Nguyen Van Thuan~Vice-President
858 I,1 | in the second half of the nineteenth century, through gradual
859 | nobody
860 I,14 | rehabilitation are either non-existent or not implemented.~Poverty
861 | none
862 | nor
863 I,12 | the land market through normal trading operations;~b) a
864 I,8 | countries, the inadequate normative framework and the fragile
865 I,1 | to our own reflections to note that, in areas that came
866 III,1 | growth.~Lastly, it should be noted that an agrarian reform
867 II,1 | Gen 2:15), so that he can nourish himself of its fruit. In
868 I,5 | the unifying factor that nourishes their identity. However,
869 II (37) | Encyclical letter Rerum Novarum, 1891, no. 30.~
870 Intro (3)| 1979) and Santo Domingo (Nueva evangelización, promoción
871 II,7 | and large landowners in Oaxaca, Mexico: "...leaders of
872 Conclu | erroneous paths of evil and obey the promptings of the Spirit,
873 III,4 | guaranteed the possibility of obtaining modern inputs at reasonable
874 III,10 | International organizations obviously have to keep the overall
875 III,1 | instrumentalisation which can so easily occur have very little to do with
876 II (33) | São Luís, Brazil, on 14 October 1991; in his address to
877 II,6 | Paul VI, Apostolic Letter Octogesima Adveniens, 1971, no. 21.
878 | off
879 II,1 | the benefit of the king, officials, priests and major property-owners —
880 I,5 | mineral resources, and of oil and timber in areas of expanding
881 I,13 | is no social security or old-age pension, parents see children
882 III,3 | of their effectiveness.~On-going information and educational
883 III,7 | processing — because there is no on-the-spot demand.~54. In such a situation,
884 | onto
885 II (20) | nature of human work and the "ontological and finalistic priority
886 III,7 | competitive and can also open up new outlets for their
887 I (6) | an economic subject who operates on the margins of agricultural
888 II (41) | that community of persons operating on internal relations and
889 I,1 | also had the diametrically opposite effect of fragmenting small
890 II,2 | and take them away; they oppress a man and his house, a man
891 II,6 | situations of dependence and oppression on both national and international
892 Intro | on the ... preferential option for the poor and the outcast,"
893 III,1 | of a truly civil social organisation. The climate of collective
894 I (14) | to the World Food Summit organised by FAO, 13-17 November 1996,
895 I,3 | professional skill in planning, organizing and managing such reforms.(8)~
896 III,8 | other hand, provide a fresh orientation for economic and social
897 Intro | derived from our common origin and brotherhood in God (
898 I (14) | 13-17 November 1996, L'Ossservatore Romano, English ed., 20
899 | otherwise
900 | ours
901 Intro (2)| worked by hired labour, using out-dated farming techniques. The
902 Intro | option for the poor and the outcast," stating that "a commitment
903 III,7 | there is often no local outlet, and when such items are
904 III,7 | and can also open up new outlets for their produce.~Co-operation
905 I,13 | migratory movement to the outskirts of the large cities, which
906 I,8 | uncertainty also encourages over-exploitation of natural resources without
907 I,1 | which cannot be changed overnight and which have economic,
908 II,5 | human being. It cannot be overridden by any other economic right,(19)
909 I,1 | already small area of land owned and, in any case, further
910 II,5 | external goods he legitimately owns not merely as exclusive
911 II,2 | or his maidservant, his ox, or his ass, or anything
912 I,6 | forced to work at an inhuman pace for wages that often do
913 II,1 | of Creation~22. The first page of the Bible tells of the
914 Intro (3)| Apostolic Vicariate of Darien, Panama, Tierra de todos, tierra
915 I,13 | conscience can countenance this paradoxical situation.~As economic and
916 Intro (3)| Episcopal Conference of Paraguay, La tierra, don de Dios
917 II,3 | Perspective of Freedom~26. The parallel efforts to bind the ownership
918 I,13 | security or old-age pension, parents see children as a guarantee
919 I,9 | risks that can lead to the partial or even total loss of their
920 III,8 | communities concerned must participate and co-operate in drawing
921 II,11 | dialectic between the social parties.~
922 II (21) | over ownership of small parts of the various riches of
923 Pre | themselves and that of their pastors. They have asked that something
924 Conclu | who abandon the erroneous paths of evil and obey the promptings
925 Pre | inspiration from the rich patrimony of the social doctrine of
926 I,4 | and export growers, but penalizing small growers producing
927 I,13 | social security or old-age pension, parents see children as
928 II (19) | In his Radio Message for Pentecost 1941, Pius XII spoke of
929 | per
930 II,7 | guaranteed where a high percentage of the population is dependent
931 Pre | order to set in motion a period of growth and development.~
932 II (41) | as far as circumstances permit": ibid.~
933 Intro | This can be seen in the persistence of the phenomenon of the
934 II,3 | The Jubilee Perspective of Freedom~26. The parallel
935 II,4 | the fruits of the earth.~Perverse inequalities in the distribution
936 I (10) | for Justice and Peace, Les peuples autochtones dans l'enseignement
937 II,2 | the land belonged to the Pharaoh, with the peasants as his
938 I,3 | moves from a subsistence phase to one of integration with
939 II,2 | for example the ban on picking the fruit of a tree during
940 I,1 | could acquire a meager piece of land to work with their
941 II,3 | the social and economic planes, and seeks to affirm or
942 I,5 | frontiers have been decided, planned and implemented.(10)~The
943 I,14 | the resulting timber, but plans for environmental rehabilitation
944 I,5 | establishment of hydroelectric plants and the exploitation of
945 II,10 | This form of ownership plays such an important part in
946 II,2 | only when he had his own plot of land. However, the Old
947 III (52) | to sell their very modest plots of land. In other words,
948 II,7 | Church is very clear on this point, stating that agrarian reform
949 III (52) | the community, even the poorest; it encourages peasant farmers
950 Intro (3)| of Guatemala, El clamor por la tierra (Guatemala de
951 II,5 | their right to receive a portion necessary to sustain life;
952 Intro | national and international positions of responsibility. It calls
953 I,1 | number of large landowners possessing most of the arable land,
954 I,6 | groups are hired to destroy possessions and harvests, deprive community
955 II,3 | ownership of land to its possessor in perpetuity and also to
956 III,1 | solutions. Delays in, or the postponing of, agrarian reform deprive
957 II,7 | leaders of the people, powerful classes which sometimes
958 Conclu | prayer of thanksgiving and praise to God.~Let us invoke the
959 Conclu | and in addressing a great prayer of thanksgiving and praise
960 Conclu | increasingly uncertain and precarious present.~The spirit of the
961 III,7 | Co-operation represents a precious instrument to allow both
962 Intro | greater emphasis on the ... preferential option for the poor and
963 Intro | necessary condition for the preparation and celebration of the Jubilee."(1)~
964 I,1 | holding, unless they were prepared to move their family to
965 Conclu | CONCLUSION~60. The Church is preparing for the new millennium through
966 I,3 | classes; and secondly, the presence of important foreign interests,
967 Pre | PRESENTATION~The intent of the present
968 Intro (3)| La Evangelización en el presente y en el futuro de América
969 Intro | orientations.~The document briefly presents:~– a description of the
970 Intro (3)| August 1995); Pro-memória da Presidência e Comissão Episcopal de
971 Conclu | Roger Card. Etchegaray ~President Pontifical Council for Justice
972 Pre | and Peace considers it a pressing duty to remind all, above
973 II,5 | protection of freedom and the presupposition and guarantee of human dignity. "
974 I (5) | organizations and the adoption of pricing systems that work in favour
975 II,1 | of the king, officials, priests and major property-owners —
976 II,5 | earthly goods is a natural and primary right with universal application,
977 II,9 | possible to determine a priori what the structure of farm
978 III,8 | ownership and that of land privatization. Traditional systems of
979 Intro (3)| Goiânia, 1 August 1995); Pro-memória da Presidência e Comissão
980 Intro | solutions to this highly problematic issue, based on the message
981 I,13 | in rural communities by processes of destructuration, which
982 Pre | Jubilee of the year 2000, proclaimed by the Holy Father John
983 I,4 | keep abreast of trends in product prices nor reach the quality
984 I,12 | sector, which are not used productively for investment in infrastructures
985 III,7 | be too small to allow the profitable use of certain techniques,
986 I,4 | either by not envisaging progressive taxes or in some way facilitating
987 II,2 | edges of the field, and the prohibition on gathering up fruit and
988 Intro (3)| Domingo (Nueva evangelización, promoción humana, cultura cristiana,
989 II,9 | enterprises should be actively promoted.(41)~Farm units of the size
990 Conclu | exceptional ecclesial event should prompt all Christians to make a
991 Conclu | paths of evil and obey the promptings of the Spirit, who is leading
992 I,4 | for export.~If the market prompts small farmers to grow export
993 II,8 | Distribution of Private Propert~37. The social teaching
994 II,1 | officials, priests and major property-owners — whereas in the biblical
995 II,2 | their family holdings. The Prophets are particularly energetic
996 I,9 | credit tends to be directly proportionate to ownership of production
997 I,1 | isolated land which required proportionately more labour.~This produced
998 Intro | reaches particularly alarming proportions in developing economies.~
999 III,5 | quality. Their development prospects are poor owing to the fact
1000 II (35) | estates impede the general prosperity because they are extensive,
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