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1 10 | 10. From this it is manifest
2 12 | 12. These precepts of the truest
3 33(10) | I, cap. 6, n. 14 (PL 32, 1228).~
4 10(5) | I, cap. 6, n. 15 (PL 32, 1229).~
5 16 | 16. Moreover, besides this,
6 17 | 17. There are, indeed, some
7 18 | 18. There are others, somewhat
8 47 | the twentieth day of June, 1888, the tenth year of Our Pontificate.~
9 19 | 19. To make this more evident,
10 21 | 21. This kind of liberty, if
11 22 | 22. All this, however, We have
12 23 | 23. We must now consider briefly
13 24 | 24. A like judgment must be
14 25 | 25. Wherefore, this liberty,
15 26 | 26. But with no less religious
16 27 | 27. In faith and in the teaching
17 28 | 28, The Church, indeed-as facts
18 29 | 29. From all this may be understood
19 30 | 30. Another liberty is widely
20 31 | 31. By the patrons of liberalism,
21 33 | 33. Yet, with the discernment
22 35 | 35. And as to tolerance, it
23 36 | 36. And now to reduce for clearness'
24 39 | 39. But this teaching is understood
25 33(11) | theologiae, la, q. xix, a. 9, ad 3m. ~
26 40 | 40. Others oppose not the existence
27 41 | 41. Lastly, there remain those
28 42 | 42. From what has been said
29 43 | 43. Whenever there exists,
30 44 | 44. Again, it is not of itself
31 46 | 46. Neither does the Church
32 47 | 47. These things, venerable
33 5 | 5. Liberty, then, as We have
34 7 | 7. Such, then, being the condition
35 6(4) | 3 (ed. Vives, Vol. 20 p. 95). ~
36 20 | given him to pervert or abandon with impunity the most sacred
37 26 | which He has promised to abide till the end of the world.
38 33 | defend to the best of his ability. In this, human law must
39 20 | its degradation, and the abject submission of the soul to
40 23 | either absolutely unable, or able only with great difficulty,
41 12 | heathen nations, was mainly abolished by the beneficent efforts
42 18 | these laws or render them abortive by contrary enact menu.
43 18 | Church and State. But the absurdity of such a position is manifest.
44 21 | of its existence; or the abundance of the vast services which
45 12 | the Church that experience abundantly testifies how savage customs
46 18 | no account of these laws abuse political power by causing
47 23 | suppose that nature has accorded indifferently to truth and
48 6 | that the will should choose accordingly. For, as the possibility
49 31 | for its preservation is accounted an injury and an offense
50 34 | times the Church usually acquiesces in certain modern liberties,
51 6 | possibility of error, and actual error, are defects of the
52 33(11) | theologiae, la, q. xix, a. 9, ad 3m. ~
53 41 | that the Church ought to adapt herself to the times and
54 8 | that it is so admirably adapted to be the safeguard of all
55 2 | but whatsoever has been added as new is, to tell the plain
56 9 | and to shun what is wrong, adding at the same time a suitable
57 30 | by the arguments already adduced. But it may also be taken
58 17 | There are, indeed, some adherents of liberalism who do not
59 41 | understood of some equitable adjustment consistent with truth and
60 45 | expedient to take part in the administration of public affairs. And the
61 31 | virtue and religion, is not admitted; and whatever is done for
62 22 | almost paternal charity; it admonishes subjects to be obedient
63 9 | community in obedience by the adoption of a common discipline and
64 27 | in any way retarding the advance of civilization, in reality
65 28 | culture of our age is so much advanced. Lastly, we must not forget
66 27 | reason it is of no small advantage for the perfecting of human
67 40 | but only to exhort, to advise, and to rule her subjects
68 29 | of liberalism so eagerly advocate and proclaim. On the one
69 30 | Another liberty is widely advocated, namely, liberty of conscience.
70 7 | undone. This rule cannot affect the lower animals in any
71 22 | obedience, but by reverence and affection, forbidding all seditious
72 18 | not more consistent, who affirm that the morality of individuals
73 14 | they would never venture to affix such a calumny on the Church
74 42 | legitimate in so far only as it affords greater facility for doing
75 | afterwards
76 1 | charge of handing down to all ages the benefits purchased for
77 40 | and at the same time they aggrandize the poever of the civil
78 27 | indignant, or true science feel aggrieved, at having to bear the just
79 8 | special and most suitable aids for strengthening and ordering
80 15 | naturalists or rationalists aim at in philosophy, that the
81 43 | while license for evil is allowed by the State, the power
82 | already
83 31 | proclaim that man should live altogether independently of God, the
84 16 | indifference. Furthermore, with ambitious designs on sovereignty,
85 12 | holiness unknown to the ancients; and, bringing man nearer
86 7 | cannot affect the lower animals in any true sense, since
87 3 | actions. For, while other animate creatures follow their senses,
88 20(7) | Ila-IIae, q. Ixxxi, a. 6. Answer. ~
89 | anyone
90 19 | our age must be considered apart in its various details.
91 30 | intrepid constancy, which the apologists of Christianity confirmed
92 16 | and conscience cease to appeal to them, there will be nothing
93 9 | of individuals is no less applicable to them when considered
94 10 | they are to be regarded as applications of the eternal law, and
95 37 | said must be understood to apply to this alone in its fullest
96 2 | has always most willingly approved and practiced that good:
97 45 | affairs. And the Church approves of every one devoting his
98 6(4) | Thomas Aquinas, On the Gospel of St. John,
99 17 | apparent rather than real, and arbitrary judgment will prevail over
100 [Title]| the Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, and ~Bishops of the Catholic
101 34 | 34. But, to judge aright, we must acknowledge that,
102 15 | law to himself; from which arises that ethical system which
103 28 | fostering most diligently the arts by which the culture of
104 16 | to the State. For, once ascribe to human reason the only
105 19 | evident, the growth of liberty ascribed to our age must be considered
106 1 | he is free also to turn aside to all other things; and,
107 20 | all virtues. And if it be asked which of the many conflicting
108 11 | which human liberty must aspire is God.~
109 21 | impunity, both of which assertions are manifestly false. For
110 4 | publicity she ever also asserts its freedom. These truths
111 8 | defining rights, as also of assigning the necessary sanctions
112 20 | 20. But, assuredly, of all the duties which
113 4 | heretics or innovators have attacked the liberty of man, the
114 21 | consists: which never can be attained if religion be disregarded.~
115 21 | increase, man's capability of attaining to the supreme good in which
116 15 | down by naturalism, are attempting in the domain of morality
117 39 | citizens individually to attend to their religion in private
118 18 | the State should pay no attention to these laws or render
119 40 | this divine society, and attenuate and narrow its authority,
120 6 | defects of the mind and attest its imperfection, so the
121 9 | possess that higher and more august sanction which belongs to
122 40 | Immortale Dei,12 are of great avail; for by those arguments
123 7 | evil and therefore to be avoided. In other words, the reason
124 | away
125 16 | be nothing to hold them back but force, which of itself
126 9 | concerned with what is good or bad by its very nature; and
127 24 | duty of all who teach to banish error from the mind, and
128 12 | neither Jew, nor Gentile, nor barbarian, nor Scythian, but all were
129 12 | dispels the darkness of barbarism. Nor has the Church been
130 13 | God. Thus, an effectual barrier being opposed to tyranny,
131 19 | as it is called. This is based on the principle that every
132 6 | and saints, who enjoy the beatific vision. St. Augustine and
133 | becomes
134 9 | author of the good which befits human nature, or of the
135 28 | little to confirm what we believe on the authority of God.
136 6 | of deflection from good belonged to the essence or perfection
137 14 | for instance, are the men belonging to that widely spread and
138 47 | in the Lord the apostolic benediction.~Given at St. Peter's in
139 12 | mainly abolished by the beneficent efforts of the Church. The
140 28 | Church, truly, to our great benefit, has carefully preserved
141 47 | supplication to God, and earnestly beseech Him to shed mercifully the
142 21 | call them) alike, and to bestow upon them promiscuously
143 22 | ministers of God; and it binds them to their rulers, not
144 [Title]| Primates, Archbishops, and ~Bishops of the Catholic World in
145 32 | has proved cankered and bitter. If, then, a remedy is desired,
146 46 | despotic power. Nor does she blame those who wish to assign
147 1 | the promise of heavenly bliss hereafter, He raised it
148 30 | numbers consecrated by their blood. And deservedly so; for
149 9 | the natural law, contained bodily in the laws of men, have
150 38 | dependent on His will, but who boldly reject all laws of faith
151 15 | to reason. To refuse any bond of union between man and
152 25 | religion, and the very bonds of human society rest: and
153 33 | are in this our age being borne. For this reason, while
154 26 | only-begotten Son, who is in the bosom of the Father, the Way,
155 23 | and if it pass beyond the bounds and end of all true liberty.
156 12 | unknown to the ancients; and, bringing man nearer to God, they
157 12 | impartiality of law and the true brotherhood of man were first asserted
158 8 | and can be nothing else bur the eternal reason of God,
159 33 | Church weighs the great burden of human weakness, and well
160 22 | venturesome enterprises calculated to disturb public order
161 21 | various religions (as they call them) alike, and to bestow
162 35 | criminal character, they calumniate her as being wanting in
163 14 | venture to affix such a calumny on the Church as to assert
164 21 | rather to increase, man's capability of attaining to the supreme
165 16 | for those, then, who are capable of forming a just estimate
166 10 | to lay unreasonable and capricious commands upon their subjects,
167 26 | But with no less religious care must we preserve that great
168 28 | to our great benefit, has carefully preserved the monuments
169 15 | supporters of Liberalism, carrying out the principles laid
170 37 | authority to God, and to cast off all obedience to Him
171 16 | when duty and conscience cease to appeal to them, there
172 27 | surrounding her, she has never ceased to assert her liberty of
173 43 | lawful to seek for such a change of government as will bring
174 1 | alone has been committed the charge of handing down to all ages
175 22 | with grave authority it charges rulers to be mindful of
176 22 | and with almost paternal charity; it admonishes subjects
177 8 | sanctions of reward and chastisement to each and all of its commands.
178 16 | keep their covetousness in check. Of this we have almost
179 1 | always will be, deservingly cherished by the Catholic Church,
180 20 | that, without doubt, is the chiefest and holiest which commands
181 28 | everywhere proved-looks chiefly and above all to the defense
182 30 | that everyone may, as he chooses, worship God or not, it
183 5 | nature, it is the faculty of choosing means fitted for the end
184 39 | super-added, that it is absurd the citizen should respect the Church,
185 27 | retarding the advance of civilization, in reality brings to them
186 12 | benefits she has conferred on civilized nations in every age, either
187 16 | institution, can have no claim to exist, and that everything
188 36 | 36. And now to reduce for clearness' sake to its principal heads
189 47 | venerable brothers, and to the clergy and people committed to
190 2 | Seeing, however, that many cling so obstinately to their
191 24 | and by sure safeguards to close the entry to all false convictions.
192 16 | is lawful; and, given a code of morality which can have
193 15 | only rule of life, so the collective reason of the community
194 35 | in reality a matter for commendation. But, in spite of all this
195 12 | form of government which commended itself to the citizens at
196 6 | suffice to quote his subtle commentary on the words of our Lord: "
197 [Title]| Catholic World in Grace and ~Communion with the Apostolic See.~
198 3 | whether in individuals or in communities, that We proceed at once
199 21 | and has placed him in the company of others like himself,
200 18 | harmony has been not inaptly compared to that which exists between
201 17 | very many amongst them, compelled by the force of truth, do
202 9 | prudence, and put forth by competent authority, that human law,
203 16 | religion will be treated with complete indifference. Furthermore,
204 40 | association of citizens. To refute completely such teaching, the arguments
205 21 | civil society; whether its component parts be considered; or
206 33 | For this reason, while not conceding any right to anything save
207 36 | forth with its immediate conclusions, the summing up in this
208 39 | of Church and State are conclusive; with this super-added,
209 38 | nevertheless to live in concord, by harmony in their action
210 9 | and circumstances, and conditions under which such service
211 22 | mention how greatly religion conduces to pure morals, and pure
212 12 | in the benefits she has conferred on civilized nations in
213 1 | intellectual or rational natures, confers on man this dignity-that
214 32 | defense of true liberty can be confidently expected.~
215 34 | prudence should be strictly confined to the limits which its
216 28 | serves not a little to confirm what we believe on the authority
217 30 | apologists of Christianity confirmed by their writings, and which
218 22 | Reason shows, and history confirms the fact, that the higher
219 20 | asked which of the many conflicting religions it is necessary
220 10 | simply end in turmoil and confusion, and bring on the overthrow
221 15 | must in some proper way be connected with their cause; and it
222 28 | which have no necessary connection with Christian faith and
223 41 | is false or unjust, or to connive at what is hurtful to religion.~
224 30 | will of God and, from a consciousness of duty and free from every
225 30 | martyrs in vast numbers consecrated by their blood. And deservedly
226 23 | 23. We must now consider briefly liberty of speech,
227 12 | Christ. So powerful, so conspicuous, in this respect is the
228 8 | invigorated and moved to the constant pursuit of moral good, so
229 10 | civil society which men constitute when united. Therefore,
230 15 | its own independence, and constitutes itself the supreme principle
231 9 | nature herself. It is in the constitution of these particular rules
232 18 | life, but still more to consult the welfare of men's souls
233 15 | perfection of every nature to contain itself within that sphere
234 28 | man's industry and genius, containing all those things which have
235 33 | saying of the Angelic Doctor contains briefly the whole doctrine
236 39 | the State may hold her in contempt.~
237 18 | occasions of difference and contention, and to secure harmony in
238 3 | But man can judge of this contingency, as We say, only because
239 17 | into error. Let, then, that continue to remain in a holy and
240 15 | clear that all this is in contradiction to reason. To refuse any
241 9 | though nature commands all to contribute to the public peace and
242 18 | external well-being and the conveniences of life, but still more
243 24 | close the entry to all false convictions. From this it follows, as
244 26 | has taught us. By many and convincing arguments, often used by
245 47 | hope, especially by your cooperation with Us, will be useful
246 23 | greater, and vices which corrupt the heart and moral life
247 6 | its freedom of choice and corrupts its very essence. Thus it
248 | could
249 4 | defended human liberty at the Council of Trent, and against the
250 33 | weakness, and well knows the course down which the minds and
251 16 | powerless to keep their covetousness in check. Of this we have
252 9 | as civil society did not create human nature, so neither
253 12 | speedily takes the place of cruelty, and the light of truth
254 14 | their own his rebellious cry, "I will not serve"; and
255 28 | diligently the arts by which the culture of our age is so much advanced.
256 12 | ever been manifested in the custody and protection of the civil
257 16 | Of this we have almost daily evidence in the conflict
258 8 | less difficult and less dangerous. Not that the divine assistance
259 36 | disposition of mind the chief and deadly vice of liberalism essentially
260 30 | always desired and held most dear. This is the kind of liberty
261 23 | escape from illusions and deceitful subtleties, especially such
262 27 | heavenly gift she cannot be deceived. She is therefore the greatest
263 7 | And his judgment not only decides what is right or wrong of
264 12 | re-echoed His voice when they declared that in future there was
265 4 | As the Catholic Church declares in the strongest terms the
266 5 | truth of the good presented, declaring to which good preference
267 6 | of our vitality, implies defect in human liberty. The will
268 6 | error, and actual error, are defects of the mind and attest its
269 17 | be so presumptuous as to define the nature and extent of
270 8 | is, of fixing duties and defining rights, as also of assigning
271 6 | that, if the possibility of deflection from good belonged to the
272 42 | moderation as will prevent its degenerating into license and excess.
273 20 | is no liberty, but its degradation, and the abject submission
274 38 | functions and unequal in degree, ought nevertheless to live
275 36 | manifold; for in more ways and degrees than one can the will depart
276 47 | Apostolic office, We have now delivered to you, We hope, especially
277 44 | itself wrong to prefer a democratic form of government, if only
278 6 | the Angelic Doctor in his demonstration that the possibility of
279 17 | and no one can rightly deny-the will of the Divine Law-giver
280 30 | of God, there is a wide departure from this divinely constituted
281 6 | also, simply because of its dependence on the reason, no sooner
282 38 | inasmuch as all nature is dependent on His will, but who boldly
283 43 | people on the one hand, or a deprivation of the liberty of the Church
284 7 | to become free we must be deprived of reason; whereas the truth
285 9 | But such laws by no means derive their origin from civil
286 25 | of nature and whatever is derived from them immediately by
287 30 | rebellious mind; and in no tittle derogates from obedience to public
288 20 | liberty such as We have described is offered to man, the power
289 25 | also, in order that it may deserve the name, must be kept within
290 30 | consecrated by their blood. And deservedly so; for this Christian liberty
291 1 | been, and always will be, deservingly cherished by the Catholic
292 16 | Furthermore, with ambitious designs on sovereignty, tumult and
293 40 | indeed could they; yet they despoil her of the nature and rights
294 46 | independent of any foreign or despotic power. Nor does she blame
295 16 | between good and evil is destroyed; honor and dishonor differ
296 11 | men diminishing, or even destroying their liberty, it protects
297 19 | considered apart in its various details. And, first, let us examine
298 16 | common good; and the law determining what it is right to do and
299 9 | viciously inclined men, so that, deterred from evil, they may turn
300 9 | leading to what is good, and deterring from evil.~
301 7 | good by its rewards, and deters him from evil by its punishments.~
302 18 | political power by causing it to deviate from its proper end and
303 45 | Church approves of every one devoting his services to the common
304 20 | him to worship God with devotion and piety. This follows
305 17 | all things-for this is the dictate of right reason itself-let
306 34 | tolerance of evil which is dictated by political prudence should
307 9 | is in conformity with the dictates of nature, leading to what
308 15 | end of all this it is not dif ficult to foresee, especially
309 16 | destroyed; honor and dishonor differ not in their nature, but
310 18 | remove the occasions of difference and contention, and to secure
311 18 | same objects, though in different ways. Whenever this occurs,
312 8 | liberty becomes at once less difficult and less dangerous. Not
313 27 | God; unconquered by the difficulties on all sides surrounding
314 1 | natures, confers on man this dignity-that he is "in the hand of his
315 21 | so doing, it ought not to diminish, but rather to increase,
316 11 | authority of God over men diminishing, or even destroying their
317 17 | would have liberty ruled and directed by right reason, and consequently
318 17 | who graciously guides and directs the intellect and the will
319 32 | contained. The hope has been disappointed by the result. The fruit,
320 47 | in matters of such moment discern what is true, and may afterwards,
321 3 | may exist or may not, and discerning that none of them are of
322 33 | 33. Yet, with the discernment of a true mother, the Church
323 9 | the adoption of a common discipline and by putting restraint
324 23 | the truth, but often to discover it and make it known.~
325 14 | 14. If when men discuss the question of liberty
326 6 | imperfection. This subject is often discussed by the Angelic Doctor in
327 23 | God leaves to man's free discussion, full liberty of thought
328 6 | of our freedom, just as a disease is a proof of our vitality,
329 35 | truth and error, honesty and dishonesty. And because the Church,
330 16 | is destroyed; honor and dishonor differ not in their nature,
331 13 | while obeying man, we become disobedient to God. Thus, an effectual
332 2 | vitiated kind, the fruit of the disorders of the age, and of an insatiate
333 27 | superstition of paganism being dispelled, the wide world was renewed
334 12 | the light of truth quickly dispels the darkness of barbarism.
335 36 | his liberty; and in such a disposition of mind the chief and deadly
336 39 | the arguments by which We disprove the principle of separation
337 41 | matters to her office as to dissemble in regard to what is false
338 38 | that the two powers, though dissimilar in functions and unequal
339 3 | liberty; for, though it is distinct and separate from moral
340 9 | avoid causing trouble and disturbance to the State. Now, there
341 29 | they hamper the Church in divers ways, restricting her liberty
342 30 | wide departure from this divinely constituted order, and at
343 4 | has sustained them as a dogma of faith, and whensoever
344 15 | naturalism, are attempting in the domain of morality and politics.
345 30 | the absolute and most just dominion of God over man, and to
346 21 | false. For it cannot be doubted but that, by the will of
347 34 | that, the more a State is driven to tolerate evil, the further
348 17 | reason itself-let God be dutifully and obediently served.~
349 29 | followers of liberalism so eagerly advocate and proclaim. On
350 4 | others like them; and the earnestness with which in later years
351 3 | are held to be good upon earth may exist or may not, and
352 1(1) | Ecclus. 15:14.~
353 6(4) | cap. viii, lect. 4, n. 3 (ed. Vives, Vol. 20 p. 95). ~
354 24 | the ignorant and to the educated, so as to bring knowledge
355 39 | offices of State, and the education of youth, they would pay
356 15 | for, of necessity, all effects must in some proper way
357 13 | disobedient to God. Thus, an effectual barrier being opposed to
358 13 | members of a community are effectually protected from the wrong-doing
359 15 | one, it follows that the efficient cause of the unity of civil
360 12 | abolished by the beneficent efforts of the Church. The impartiality
361 2 | between their good and evil elements; and We have shown that
362 | else
363 | elsewhere
364 17 | law. These laws it is that embody the government of God, who
365 42 | liberties are in use, men should employ them in doing good, and
366 1 | things; and, in pursuing the empty semblance of good, to disturb
367 18 | whereby the community may be enabled to live properly, that is
368 10 | the commonwealth, such an enactment can have no binding force
369 9 | State. Now, there are other enactments of the civil authority,
370 1 | the highest of natural endowments, being the portion only
371 11 | attainment of their respective ends; but the supreme end to
372 31 | we should not be bound to endure and submit to.~
373 12 | or was feared by their enemies without, because of its
374 4 | History bears witness to the energy with which she met the fury
375 8 | law, which is written and engraved in the mind of every man;
376 21 | of truth are, as it were, engravers upon it. This religion,
377 20 | practice that one which God enjoins, and which men can easily
378 26 | Life, the true Light which enlightens every man, and to whose
379 13 | wherefore, obedience is greatly ennobled when subjected to an authority
380 17 | seen to be fearful in their enormity, openly opposed to the truth,
381 33 | that greater evil may not ensue. In the government of States
382 34 | the public welfare, and entail greater evils on the State,
383 22 | seditious and venturesome enterprises calculated to disturb public
384 34 | persuasion, exhortation, and entreaty would endeavor, as she is
385 24 | safeguards to close the entry to all false convictions.
386 12 | liberty of the people. The enumeration of its merits in this respect
387 10 | their subjects, which would equally be criminal and would lead
388 41 | to be understood of some equitable adjustment consistent with
389 35 | how far removed from the equity and prudence of the Church
390 28 | desirable; and further, all erudition which is the outgrowth of
391 23 | with great difficulty, to escape from illusions and deceitful
392 6 | His intellect and of His essential goodness, nevertheless cannot
393 3 | When, therefore, it is established that man's soul is immortal
394 15 | from which arises that ethical system which they style
395 7 | or shun, in order to the eventual attainment of man's last
396 36 | to the most faithful and everenduring power of God; and that,
397 16 | this we have almost daily evidence in the conflict with socialists
398 1 | Christ, having restored and exalted the original dignity of
399 19 | details. And, first, let us examine that liberty in individuals
400 12 | Church, instructed by the example and doctrine of her divine
401 35 | which We have spoken, they exceed all limits, and end at last
402 8 | will. The first and most excellent of these is the power of
403 45 | determined, by reason of some exceptional condition of things, it
404 42 | degenerating into license and excess. And, where such liberties
405 23 | the ruin of the State. The excesses of an unbridled intellect,
406 43 | action. In such case, an excessive and vicious liberty is not
407 20 | sacred of duties, and to exchange the unchangeable good for
408 7 | nature, he is therefore exempt from law. Were this the
409 1 | in which such dignity is exercised is of the greatest moment,
410 28 | as to which the Church, exercising no authority, leaves the
411 40 | or to punish, but only to exhort, to advise, and to rule
412 34 | liberty; and, by persuasion, exhortation, and entreaty would endeavor,
413 15 | under the guise of liberty, exonerates man from any obedience to
414 32 | liberty can be confidently expected.~
415 12 | influence of the Church that experience abundantly testifies how
416 26 | and with lawful authority explain them; and at the same time
417 1 | idea of freedom, or they extend it at their pleasure to
418 20 | easily recognize by certain exterior notes, whereby Divine Providence
419 18 | harm to the body, since it extinguishes its very life.~
420 32 | liberty which is so much extolled, and in which the germs
421 34 | wanting. And although in the extraordinary condition of these times
422 47 | lowliness of heart We raise Our eyes in supplication to God,
423 42 | only as it affords greater facility for doing good, but no farther.~
424 28 | 28, The Church, indeed-as facts have everywhere proved-looks
425 6 | Since, however, both these faculties are imperfect, it is possible,
426 35 | and gentleness, and thus fail to see that, in so doing,
427 46 | The Church has always most faithfully fostered civil liberty,
428 42 | facility for doing good, but no farther.~
429 4 | has she held truce with fatalism.~
430 26 | who is in the bosom of the Father, the Way, the Truth, and
431 35 | they impute to her as a fault what is in reality a matter
432 43 | exists, or there is reason to fear, an unjust oppression of
433 17 | which we have seen to be fearful in their enormity, openly
434 | few
435 15 | of all this it is not dif ficult to foresee, especially when
436 28 | must not forget that a vast field lies freely open to man'
437 12 | helpless from injury, or, finally, by using her influence
438 25 | human race. On this, as on a firm basis, morality, justice,
439 7 | must be law; that is, a fixed rule of teaching what is
440 8 | law-the power, that is, of fixing duties and defining rights,
441 23 | subtleties, especially such as flatter the passions. If unbridled
442 26 | onlybegotten Son of God was made flesh, to bear witness to the
443 14 | to assert that she is the foe of individual and public
444 7 | since they act of necessity, following their natural instinct,
445 12 | where she has once set her foot; but that gentleness speedily
446 21 | that all stand on an equal footing, no account being taken
447 14 | there are who follow in the footsteps of Lucifer, and adopt as
448 33 | and honest, she does not forbid public authority to tolerate
449 33 | government of States it is not forbidden to imitate the Ruler of
450 35 | unerring teacher of morals, is forced utterly to reprobate and
451 8 | 8. Foremost in this office comes the
452 15 | it is not dif ficult to foresee, especially when society
453 28 | advanced. Lastly, we must not forget that a vast field lies freely
454 16 | then, who are capable of forming a just estimate of things
455 44 | of power. Of the various forms of government, the Church
456 28 | careful at the same time to foster and promote every kind of
457 46 | has always most faithfully fostered civil liberty, and this
458 28 | intellectual progress by fostering most diligently the arts
459 26 | that a perfect society was founded by Him-the Church, namely,
460 3 | natural freedom is the fountainhead from which liberty of whatsoever
461 18 | entirely disregarded in the framing of laws. Hence follows the
462 23 | to man's free discussion, full liberty of thought and of
463 23 | proportion as license is kept in fuller restraint. In regard, however,
464 37 | apply to this alone in its fullest sense.~
465 22 | We have explained more fully elsewhere. We now only wish
466 38 | powers, though dissimilar in functions and unequal in degree, ought
467 15 | morality and politics. The fundamental doctrine of rationalism
468 16 | with complete indifference. Furthermore, with ambitious designs
469 4 | energy with which she met the fury of the Manichaeans and others
470 12 | when they declared that in future there was to be neither
471 23 | Thus, too, license will gain what liberty loses; for
472 29 | respect very much to be gained.~
473 10 | law, unless what men have gathered from this eternal law."5
474 9 | nature treats only in a general and indefinite way. For
475 28 | open to man's industry and genius, containing all those things
476 12 | was to be neither Jew, nor Gentile, nor barbarian, nor Scythian,
477 27 | there is no reason why genuine liberty should grow indignant,
478 32 | extolled, and in which the germs of safety and glory were
479 8 | evil God has vouchsafed to give special and most suitable
480 25 | and to allow people to go unharmed who violate or
481 21 | forbids, the State to be godless; or to adopt a line of action
482 21 | action which would end in godlessness-namely, to treat the various religions (
483 31 | of which We speak, which goes hand in hand with virtue
484 22 | mindful of their duty, to govern without injustice or severity,
485 21 | welfare of those whom it governs; and, although its proximate
486 17 | the government of God, who graciously guides and directs the intellect
487 15 | itself within that sphere and grade which the order of nature
488 23 | spared. Thus, truth being gradually obscured by darkness, pernicious
489 8 | imposing of obligations and the granting of rights, authority is
490 14 | liberty they were careful to grasp its true and legitimate
491 22 | directly from God Himself, with grave authority it charges rulers
492 35 | the Church, the pillar and ground of truth, and the unerring
493 27 | why genuine liberty should grow indignant, or true science
494 19 | make this more evident, the growth of liberty ascribed to our
495 26 | order that it might keep and guard them and with lawful authority
496 17 | government of God, who graciously guides and directs the intellect
497 15 | morality, and which, under the guise of liberty, exonerates man
498 29 | and on the other, they hamper the Church in divers ways,
499 1 | committed the charge of handing down to all ages the benefits
500 34 | permit them, she would in happier times exercise her own liberty;
501 21 | in which his everlasting happiness consists: which never can
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