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Prospects for xenotransplantation IntraText CT - Index of footnotes

INTRODUCTION   1: ) Cf. Evans R., Orians C., Ascher N., The potential supply of organ donors; an assessment of the e[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Historical background 1.   2: ) Cf. Reemtsma K., McCracken B.H., Schlegel J.U., et al. Renal heterotransplantation in man, Ann S[...]   3: ) Cf. Bailey L.L., Nehlsen-Canarella S.L., Concepcion W., et al. Baboon-to-human cardiac xenotrans[...]   4: )Cf. Starzl T.E., Fung J.J., Tzakis A.G., et al., Baboon-to-human liver transplantation, Lancet, 1[...]   5: ) Cf. Marino I.R., Doyle H.R., Nour B., Starzl T.E. Baboon liver xenotransplantation. In: Cooper [...]   6: ) Cf. Michaels M.G., Jenkins F.J., St George K., Nalesnik M.A., Starzl T.E., Rinaldo C.R. Jr., Det[...]   7: ) Cf. Taniguchi S., Cooper D.K.C. Clinical xenotransplantation - A brief review of the world exper[...]   8: ) Cf. Allan J.F. Xenotransplantation at a crossroad: prevention versus progress. Nature Med. 1996[...]   9: ) Cf. Hammer C., Linke R., Wagner F., Diefenbeck M., Organs from animals for man, Int. Arch. Aller[...]   10: ) Cf. Loss M., Vangerow B., Schmidtko J., et al., Acute vascular rejection is associated with syst[...]   11: ) Cf. Starzl T.E., Rao A.S., Murase N., et al., Will xenotransplantation ever be feasible?, J Am C[...]   12: ) Cf. Auchincloss H. Jr., Sachs D.H., Xenogenic transplantation, Annu.Rev.Immunol. 1998, 16: 433-7[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Current Situation Rejection: Immunology of Organ Xenografting   13: ) Cf. Platt J.L., Fischel R.J., Matas A.J., et al., Immunopathology of hyperacute xenograft reject[...]   14: ) Cf. Good A.H., Cooper D.K.C., Malcom A.J. et al., Identification of carbohydrate structures whic[...]   15: ) Cf. Leventhal J.R., John R., Fryer J.P., et al., Removal of baboon and human antiporcine IgG and[...]   16: ) Cf. Gewurz H., Clark D.S., Finstad J., et al., Role of the complement system in graft rejections[...]   17: ) Cf. Bach F.H., Turman M.A., Vercellotti G.M., et al., Accomodation: a working paradigm for progr[...]   18: ) Cf. Diamond L.E., Quinn C.M., Martin M.J., et al., A human CD46 transgenic pig model system for [...]   19: ) Cf. Sandrin M.S., Fodor W.L., Mouhtouris E., et al., Enzymatic remodeling of the carbohydrate su[...]   20: ) Cf. Soares M.P., Lin Y., Sato K., et al., Pathogenesis of and potential therapies for delayed xe[...]   21: ) Cf. Hancock W.W., Delayed xenograft rejection, World J. Surg. 1997, 21: 917-23; Platt J.L., Lin [...]   22: ) Cf. Cozzi E., Bhatti F., Schmoeckel M. et al., Long-term survival of nonhuman primates receiving[...]   23: ) Cf. Bach F.H., Xenotransplantation: problems and prospects, Annu.Rev.Med.1998, 49: 301-10.   24: ) Cf. Yamada A., Auchincloss H. Jr., Cell-mediated xenograft rejection, Current Opinion in Organ T[...]   25: ) Cf. Auchincloss H. Jr., Sachs D.H., Xenogeneic transplantation, Annu.Rev.Immunol. 1998, 16: 433-[...]   26: ) Cf. Bach F.H., Ferran C., Soares M., et al., Modification of vascular responses in xenotransplan[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Current Situation Experimental Models   27: ) Cf. Soares M.P., Lin Y., Sato K., et al., Pathogenesis of and potential therapies for delayed xe[...]   28: ) Cf. Hasan R.I.R., van den Bogarde J., Forty J., et al., Prolonged Survival of Hamster to Rat Hea[...]   29: ) Cf. Soares M.P., Lin Y., Sato K., et al., Accommodation, Immunol Today 1999, 20: 434-7.   30: ) Cf. Soares M.P., Lin Y., Sato K., et al., Accommodation, Immunol Today 1999, 20: 434-7; Lin Y., [...]   31: ) Cf. Alexandre G.P.J, Latinne D., Gianello P., et al., Preformed cytotoxic antibodies and ABO-inc[...]   32: ) Cf. Cozzi E., Bhatti F., Schmoeckel M. et al., Long-term survival of nonhuman primates receiving[...]   33: ) Cf. McCurry K.R., Kooyman D.L., Alvarado C.G., et al., Human complement regulatory proteins prot[...]   34: ) Cf. Cozzi E., Bhatti F., Schmoeckel M. et al., Long-term survival of nonhuman primates receiving[...]   35: ) Cf. Bhatti F.N., Schmoeckel M., Zaidi A. et al., Three-month survival of HDAF transgenic pig hea[...]   36: ) Cf. Vial C.M., Ostlie D.J., Bhatti F.N. et al., Life supporting function for over one month of a[...]   37: ) Cf. Cozzi E., Bhatti F., Schmoeckel M. et al., Long-term survival of nonhuman primates receiving[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Current Situation Xenozoonoses: the transmission of infectious agents from one species to another   38: ) Cf. Onions D., Cooper D.K., Alexander T.J., et al., An approach to the control of disease transm[...]   39: ) Cf. Iverson W.O., Talbot T., Definition of a production Specification for xenotransplantation, A[...]   40: ) Cf. Boeke J.D., Stoye J.P., Retrotransposons, endogenous retroviruses, and the evolution of retr[...]   41: ) Cf. Patience C., Takeuchi Y., Weiss R.A., 1997, Infection of human cells by an endogenous retrov[...]   42: ) Cf. Paradis K., Langford G., Zhifeng L., Heneine, Sandstrom P., Switzer W., Chapman L., Lockey C[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Current Situation Advances in Biotechnology and Molecular Genetics   43: ) Cf. Polejaeva I.A., Chen S.H., Vaught T.D., et al., Cloned pigs produced by nuclear transfer fro[...]   44: ) Cf. Harvey D.M., Caskey C.T., Inducible control of gene expression: prospects for gene therapy,[...] FIRST PART Scientific Aspects Moving to the clinical phase 6.   45: ) Cf. Groth C.G., Korsgren 0., Tibell, A., et al., Transplantation of Porcine fetal pancreas to di[...]   46: ) Cf. Brevig T., Holgersson J., Widner H., Xenotransplantation for CNS repair:  immunological barr[...]   47: ) Cf. Mc Laughlin B.E., Tosone C.M., Custer L.M., Mullon C., Overview of extracorporeal liver supp[...]   48: ) Cf. Cooper D.K.C., Keogh A.M., Brink J., et al., Report of the xenotransplantation advisory comm[...]   49: ) Cf. Cozzi E., Bhatti F., Schmoeckel M. et al., Long-term survival of nonhuman primates receiving[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues Human intervention in the created order   50: ) The reference is made to the narrative scheme, of a theological-liturgical nature, used in Gn 1:[...]   51: ) John Paul II, Encyclical Letter Laborem Exercens, n. 4.   52: ) Second Vatican Council, Dogmatic Constitution Lumen Gentium, n. 36.   53: ) Second Vatican Council, Decree Apostolicam Actuositatem, n. 7.   54: ) Saint Irenaeus of Lyons, Against Heresies, Book 4, 20, 7. PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues The Use of Animals for the Good of Man   55: ) Cf. Bondolfi A., I rapporti tra uomo e animale nelle tradizioni giudaico-cristiane e la sfida de[...]   56: ) Cf. Singer P., Animal Liberation, 2nd edit., 1995, Pimlico, London; Regan T., The case for Anima[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues 9.   57: ) Reflections on human responsibility for animal life may be found in Schockenhoff E., Etica della[...]   58: ) The Old Testament precept by which certain animals were held to be impure (cf. Lv 11: 3-8, 26-29[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues Xenotransplantation and the Identity of the Recipient   59: ) It should be noted that "identity indicators" in human beings are many (objective:  name, sex, a[...]   60: ) Cf. Grinberg L. and R., Identità e cambiamento, Roma: Armando, 1992; Jervis G., La conquista de[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues 11.   61: ) We do well to specify that, while the encephalon is related to the personal identity of the subj[...]   62: ) Cf. Cuer P., Quelques considérations éthiques, notamment sur l'identité lors de xénotrasplantati[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Preliminary issues 12.   63: ) Cf. also John Paul II, Address to the Participants at a Congress on Organs Transplantation (20 J[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues   64: ) For an overview of the current debate see: Caplan A.L., Is Xenografting Morally Wrong?, Transpl[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues The Health Risk   65: ) Cf. Schöne-Seifert B., Risk, in Reich T.W. (ed.), Encyclopedia of Bioethics, vol. 4, New York: M[...]   66: ) An overview of social reactions to different aspects of xenotransplantation:  Appel J.Z., Alwayn[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues 14.   67: ) Cf. Beckmann J.P., Xenotransplantation aus ethischer Sicht. Eine Skizze, Zentralbl Chir 1999, 12[...]   68: ) In this regard, polls have been taken to ascertain the level of public acceptance of eventual xe[...]   69: ) Cf. Crafen J., Rodin G.M., Psychiatric Aspects of Organ Transplantation, New York: Oxford Medica[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues 16.   70: ) Cf. Barker J.H., Polcrack L., Respect for persons, informed consent and the assessment of infect[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues Allocation of Health Care Resources   71: ) Cf. Kress J.M., Xenotransplantation: ethics and economics, Food Drug Law Journal 1998, 53 (2): 3[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Bioethical Issues Patentability and Xenotransplantation   72: ) Cf. Trattato di Cooperazione sui Brevetti (Washington, 1970), art.33; Convenzione del Brevetto E[...]   73: ) Cf. WIPO/OMPI, Introduction to Intellectual Property: Theory and Practice, Kluwer Law Internatio[...] PART TWO Anthropological and Ethical Aspects Practical Guidelines 21.   74: ) To give a few examples of some important organizations that have drafted guidelines in this area[...]

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