Chapter, Paragraph

 1 6,5 |        in Jerusalem who controls Edom. Uzziah is the last king
 2 6,9 | Proto-Isaiah” is summed up here. Edom personifies the hostile
 3 12,1|        else, except Mal. 1:4, is Edom feminine, and in this one
 4 12,1| indicates that the population of Edom is meant” (G. A. Smith II,
 5 12,1|   feminine, but it refers not to Edom but to Bozrah, which is
 6 12,1|          specific charge against Edom.~ 3. The most commonly held
 7 12,2|         of Malachi, c. 450 B.C., Edom may well have already been
 8 12,3|        The Coming Destruction of Edom (vers. 1-14, 15b). ~ It
 9 12,3|       the end of the judgment on Edom. The first half of the verse
10 13,0|       First, God’s punishment on Edom is announced (ch. 35). Edom
11 13,0|      Edom is announced (ch. 35). Edom symbolizes all who hate (
12 13,0|          7) that which is God’s. Edom’s sin was the worse because,
13 13,0|         So we can easily see why Edom is singled out (cf. Isa.
14 16,3|        even if the Jew was weak, Edom was weaker still. For the
15 18,7|         s foes as personified by Edom (ver. 21ff). The Fifth Lament.~