Chapter, Paragraph

  1  2,3 |           the early Middle Ages. The pope and the Emperor of the West,
  2  2,4 |    Alexandrian patriarch, Cyril, and Pope Celestine, who condemned
  3  2,4 |             of Constantinople and by Pope Leo I the Great. Dioscorus
  4  2,4 |              Alaricianum was sent by Pope Nicholas I to the Bulgarian
  5  2,4 |          after he had petitioned the pope in the year 866 to send
  6  2,4 |            answer to this demand the pope, in his “Responses to the
  7  2,4 |           But the mere fact that the pope sent the Breviarium may
  8  2,5 |             legates representing the pope.~ The council condemned
  9  2,5 |      according with the views of the Pope of Rome. The Council affirmed “
 10  2,5 |          between the Emperor and the pope, was also of great importance.
 11  2,5 |        Although not confirmed by the pope, this canon was generally
 12  2,5 |    Constantinople in relation to the Pope of Rome, a question already
 13  2,5 |          accepted the Henoticon. The Pope of Rome also protested against
 14  2,5 |        Acacius ceased to mention the pope in his prayers. This was
 15  2,5 |             was also defended by the pope, who broke off all relations
 16  3,1 |      appeared in a letter written to Pope Hormisdas in 520 by Justin’
 17  3,4 |            political importance. The pope, however, chose it as his
 18  3,6 |            was to be both Caesar and pope; he was to combine in his
 19  3,6 |          Justinian addressed him as “Pope,” “Pope of Rome,” “Apostolic
 20  3,6 |            addressed him as “Pope,” “Pope of Rome,” “Apostolic Father,” “
 21  3,6 |          Rome,” “Apostolic Father,” “Pope and Patriarch,” etc., and
 22  3,6 |               etc., and the title of pope was applied exclusively
 23  3,6 |            the Emperor addressed the Pope as the “head of all holy
 24  3,7 |            things changed very soon. Pope Agapetus and a party of
 25  3,7 |          between the Emperor and the pope: “I shall either force you
 26  3,7 |         Emperor’s concessions to the pope were caused partly by the
 27  3,7 |          failed to condemn them. The pope and the Akoimetoi advanced
 28  3,7 |            first the approval of the Pope of Rome. Consequently the
 29  3,7 |            of Rome. Consequently the pope of that period, Vigilius,
 30  3,7 |         Stirred by these events, the pope wavered in his decision
 31  3,7 |           was very desirous that the pope, who was in Constantinople
 32  3,7 |  condemnation of the Three Chapters. Pope Vigilius was exiled to one
 33  3,12|      Frankish kings, summoned by the pope not the Emperor, were able
 34  3,12|       protector in the person of the pope, who was forced not only
 35  3,12|             most remarkable leaders, pope Gregory I, the Great. He
 36  3,13|      peculiar to himself.[125]~ ~The pope did not attain the desired
 37  3,13|             capital against Maurice, Pope Gregory addressed a letter
 38  3,13|            on his concessions to the pope, were peaceful and friendly
 39  4,2 |              of Heraclius. The Roman pope, Honorius, recognizing the
 40  4,2 |           were not realized. The new pope did not approve of the Ecthesis,
 41  4,2 |     unexpected animosity between the pope and the Emperor. Moreover,
 42  4,2 |              reconciliation with the pope, offering to make several
 43  4,2 |        clergy, at the Lateran Synod, Pope Martin condemned “the most
 44  4,2 |              church.~ Angered by the pope’s action at the Lateran
 45  4,2 |             letters from Cherson the pope complained of bad living
 46  4,3 |             the sixth council to the pope addressed him as “the head
 47  4,3 |                and declared that the pope’s message to the Emperor
 48  4,3 |            called itself ecumenical. Pope Sergius refused to sign
 49  4,3 |              the intercession of the pope.[85]~ During the second
 50  4,3 |            of Justinian II (705-11), Pope Constantine came at the
 51  4,3 |             Constantinople, the last pope to be summoned to the capital
 52  4,3 |        prostrated himself before the pope with the imperial crown
 53  4,3 |          feet.[86] Justinian and the pope reached a satisfactory compromise,
 54  4,3 |             exact information on it. Pope Constantine, as the German
 55  4,3 |           the fair middle path which Pope John VIII (872-882) subsequently
 56  4,3 |            the decrees of Rome.”[87] Pope Constantine returned safely
 57  4,4 |       message of Justinian II to the pope, dating from the year 687,
 58  4,4 |            former agreement with the pope. In external affairs the
 59  5,4 |              churches and destroyed. Pope Gregory I the Great wrote
 60  5,4 |        letter to the same bishop the pope wrote: “In that thou forbadest
 61  5,4 |            priest,” wrote Leo III to Pope Gregory II.[81] With this
 62  5,4 |        Germanus, and Gregory II, the pope of Rome, were strongly opposed
 63  5,4 |             any degree of accuracy.~ Pope Gregory II, who opposed
 64  5,4 |     image-breaking, was succeeded by Pope Gregory III, who convoked
 65  5,5 |             restoring image-worship. Pope Hadrian I was invited to
 66  5,6 |              mutual interests of the pope and the king of the Franks
 67  5,6 |             the Church of St. Peter, Pope Leo III placed the imperial
 68  5,6 |         point of view of Charles and Pope Leo, then, the imperial
 69  5,7 |          strained relations with the pope, who excommunicated the
 70  5,7 |             later handed over to the pope by Pippin the Short.~ However,
 71  5,8 |              He sent a delegation to Pope Nicholas I asking him to
 72  5,8 |             priests to Bulgaria. The pope was very glad to comply
 73  5,8 |           clergy was driven out. The pope’s triumph was short-lived,
 74  5,8 |             estrangement between the pope and the Byzantine Empire.
 75  5,8 |            III to convoke a council. Pope Nicholas I, who sided with
 76  5,8 |              against the wish of the pope, confirmed the deposition
 77  5,8 |          opposition to this decision Pope Nicholas convoked a council
 78  5,8 |           and in a sharp note to the Pope stated that the church of
 79  5,8 |      condemned and anathematized the pope for his heretical doctrine
 80  5,8 |        church of Constantinople. The pope and the patriarch in their
 81  6,6 |             with the eastern church, Pope John VIII began active negotiations
 82  6,6 |          with the Eastern Empire the pope showed his readiness to
 83  6,6 |            imperial crown in Rome by Pope John XII in 962. He is known
 84  6,6 |            Gerbert, who later became Pope Sylvester II. Otto III made
 85  6,7 |          peaceful relations with the pope and gaining the support
 86  6,7 |              In their letters to the pope both Basil and Ignatius
 87  6,7 |         shepherd.” Ignatius sent the pope a letter full of humility,
 88  6,7 |              papacy in the East, but Pope Nicholas I did not live
 89  6,7 |            the Empire yielded to the pope in all points. Quite different
 90  6,7 |         Michael III. In spite of the pope’s displeasure and the opposition
 91  6,7 |              a new policy toward the pope.~ In the year 879 a council
 92  6,7 |       Chalcedon.”[78] The legates of Pope John VIII also came to this
 93  6,7 |         council also argued that the pope was a patriarch like all
 94  6,7 |        pontiff. Greatly angered, the pope sent a legate to Constantinople
 95  6,7 |              was disagreeable to the pope. The legate was also to
 96  6,7 |          been severed because of the pope’s approval of Leo’s fourth
 97  6,7 |              were exchanged with the pope, and he agreed to send to
 98  6,7 |             of Nicephorus’ reign the pope began to address him as
 99  6,7 |             direct protection of the pope. The aim of this movement
100  6,7 |           direct dependence upon the pope. The remarkable progress
101  6,7 |              of messages between the pope and the patriarch of Constantinople (
102  6,7 |              Michael Cerularius) the pope referred to the famous Donation
103  6,7 |              century appealed to the pope for help against the usurper,
104  6,7 |              handed them over to the pope in 754, thereby laying the
105  6,8 |              by sending a message to Pope Gregory VII, promising to
106  6,8 |               promising to repay the pope’s assistance by bringing
107  6,8 |             the West. Meanwhile, the pope became involved in the long
108  6,8 |           sent the appeal for aid to Pope Gregory VII.~ The skillful
109  7,1 |           hoped, with the aid of the pope, to deprive the king of
110  7,1 |            settled his struggle with Pope Gregory VII so that he was
111  7,1 |           reformer of that doctrine, Pope Bogomile, after whom the
112  7,1 |              the West, mainly to the Pope, who as the spiritual head
113  7,1 |            the famous Gerbert, later Pope Sylvester II. Among his
114  7,1 |             written before he became pope; but they see in it no project
115  7,1 |          Ducas had sent a message to Pope Gregory VII begging him
116  7,1 |            of the churches. Also the pope had written many letters,
117  7,1 |           German king, Henry IV, the pope wrote that “most of transmarine
118  7,1 |           possible, to establish the pope at the head of the expedition;
119  7,1 |            am induced to do so,” the pope continued, “because the
120  7,1 |              The aid procured by the pope was to be followed by the
121  7,1 |            with the Muslim east, the pope had in view the “schismatic”
122  7,1 |            by the Spanish Moors, the pope openly declared that he
123  7,1 |             the confident and active Pope Urban II. The modest auxiliaries
124  7,1 |              1087, encouraged by the pope, they successfully attacked
125  7,1 |             of Russia.~ As to Spain, Pope Urban II, in his letter
126  7,1 |              reforms, the victorious Pope Urban II summoned a council
127  7,1 |     Christians in the Holy Land, the pope urged the multitude to take
128  7,1 |            the throngs rushed to the pope. At his proposal, a red
129  7,1 |   hostilities against Byzantium. The pope favored Bohemond’s plans.
130  7,1 |            of the Holy Land. But the pope of that time, Eugenius III,
131  7,1 |              taken part rendered the pope’s position in the “eternal
132  7,1 |              not been crowned by the pope in Rome and therefore did
133  7,1 | strengthening his relations with the pope. In general the West regarded
134  7,1 |              to the Catholic church. Pope Eugenius III, the abbot
135  7,1 |          which France as well as the Pope was about to join, and to
136  7,1 |        Emperor. In a treaty with the pope concluded shortly after
137  7,1 |            between Frederick and the pope, sought the support of the
138  7,1 |            Frederick and seduced the pope by hints of a possible union
139  7,1 |       evoking a conflict between the pope and the king of Germany,
140  7,1 |              to the authority of the pope, and ended with the statement
141  7,1 |           attended by Frederick, the pope, and the representatives
142  7,1 |              German sovereign to the pope. In other words, the treaty
143  7,1 |              western emperor and the pope. Over ten thousand foreigners
144  7,1 |      attempted to draw closer to the pope of Rome, from whom he evidently
145  7,1 |           church. By the end of 1182 Pope Lucius III had sent a legate
146  7,1 |             nor the overtures to the pope, nor the alliance with the
147  7,2 |       Crusade. The prince begged the pope and the king of Germany,
148  7,2 |          imperator Grecie). Finally, Pope Innocent III in his letters
149  7,2 |      Blacorum rex); in answering the pope, John calls himself “imperator
150  7,2 |      entering into negotiations with Pope Innocent III, received a
151  7,2 |            Bulgarians recognized the pope as their head, and the archbishop
152  7,2 |          crusade was necessary.~ The pope was acting energetically
153  7,2 |         Italy and to obtain from the pope the preaching of a crusade
154  7,2 |             this critical moment the pope took the side of Byzantium.
155  7,2 |             impotence. Therefore the pope exerted himself to the utmost
156  7,2 |             tax” with great joy. The pope also breathed a sigh of
157  7,3 |       circumstances changed. The new pope elected in 1198, the famous
158  7,3 |             stood on the side of the pope in his struggle with the
159  7,3 |            in the Hohenstaufens, the pope began to support in Germany
160  7,3 |             to Alexius the irritated pope threatened, in case of resistance,
161  7,3 |              of Swabia; probably the pope did not mean to carry out
162  7,3 |           what the Muslims, whom the pope named in his letter pagans,
163  7,3 |            about the Christians. The pope wrote:~ ~Our enemies insult
164  7,3 |            were of first importance: Pope Innocent III, as a representative
165  7,3 |            indignant protests of the pope and his threats to excommunicate
166  7,3 |            in the crusade.~ When the pope learned of the taking of
167  7,3 |      crusaders.”~ The threats of the pope and his excommunication
168  7,3 | excommunication raised. Finally, the pope, having pity upon them,
169  7,3 |           fruitless meeting with the pope in Rome, the prince went
170  7,3 |          precepts of the Emperor and Pope.” Thus, the Russian point
171  7,3 |           crusade was decided by the Pope and Philip of Swabia together.”~
172  7,3 |        crusade Philip humiliated the pope and falsified his conception
173  7,3 |    successful in his strife with the pope and with his rival in Germany,
174  7,3 |    originating in the motives of the pope, Venice, and the German
175  7,3 |             the Byzantine territory, Pope Honorius III, in his letter
176  7,3 |             the Latin Empire put the pope in a difficult position.
177  7,3 |             who in his letter to the pope named himself “by the Grace
178  7,3 |           well as “the vassal of the Pope” (miles suus) notified the
179  7,3 |           the Christian people.” The pope called upon all clergy,
180  7,3 |              close of the letter the pope admonished Baldwin to be
181  7,3 |             the state of mind of the pope changed when he had become
182  7,3 |            Baldwin had not asked the pope to confirm his imperial
183  7,3 |           evoked in the heart of the pope alarm and discontent with
184  7,3 |             the point of view of the pope they were schismatic. Nicaea
185  7,3 |      particularly displeasing to the pope; there the Greek bishop,
186  7,4 |           which in the person of the pope, could prevent the political
187  7,4 |           Michael VII Parapinakes to Pope Gregory VII showed, was
188  7,4 |      reconciliation and agreement to Pope Urban II, promising to summon
189  7,4 |            difficulties which befell Pope Urban II in Rome, where
190  7,4 |          only from Rome, offered the pope the prospect of union. It
191  7,4 |              the Emperor, especially Pope Hadrian IV, who was engaged
192  7,4 |            envoy officially promised Pope Alexander III the union
193  7,4 |           the churches, provided the pope would return to him the
194  7,4 |            if, for that purpose, the pope needed money or military
195  7,4 |              patriarch says that the pope is “reeking with impiety,”
196  7,4 |          break off entirely with the pope and his partisans.~ Thus
197  7,4 |       relations of the Angeli to the pope are concerned, the pope
198  7,4 |              pope are concerned, the pope was guided by political
199  7,4 |           church to adopt union. The pope’s plan failed. The complicated
200  7,4 |     dangerous foe of the papacy, the pope, in order to prevent the
201  8,7 | Constantinople by way of Rome, where Pope Honorius III crowned Peter
202  8,8 |              the mother of Louis IX, Pope Honorius III, speaking of
203  8,9 |          Constantinople, the alarmed Pope Gregory IX declared that “
204  8,9 |       Catholic church and asking the pope to send a legate for negotiations.
205  8,10|              Vatatzes considered the pope an adversary who, by refusing
206  8,10|         financial support, for which Pope Gregory IX had excommunicated
207  8,10|         would quietly disappear. The pope also differed in his attitude
208  8,10|              was, in the eyes of the pope, a schismatic, who hindered
209  8,10|          great arch-priest [that is, Pope; in Latin sacerdotum princeps;
210  8,10|              our close friends… [The Pope calls] the most pious and
211  8,10|            sent an ambassador to the Pope.” Not without irony Frederick
212  8,11|            and cordially received by Pope Innocent IV, who, like many
213  8,11|             the Mongol prince to the pope contained the proposition
214  8,11|              to be unpleasant to the Pope.” In his Historia Anglorum
215  8,11|       Anglorum Matthew said that the pope directed the Mongol envoys
216  8,11|    schismatic, and rebel against the pope and Emperor Baldwin, and
217  8,11|             negotiations between the pope and the Mongol envoys. The
218  8,13|            the severe censure of the pope and the West in general,
219  8,13|             not employed against the pope and the friends of Genoa.
220  8,14|            place against the will of Pope Innocent III. But after
221  8,14|              of the Latin Empire the pope clearly realized that the
222  8,14|           Empire the position of the pope was very complicated and
223  8,14|           suggestion either that the pope should participate in the
224  8,14|           first Latin Emperor to the pope, Baldwin wrote of “the miraculous
225  8,14|          noble, Thomas Morosini, the pope, though he at first proclaimed
226  8,14|             places. In this case the pope held a conciliatory policy,
227  8,14|            to the recognition of the pope as the head of their church;
228  8,14|              the overlordship of the pope. But the Greeks wished neither
229  8,14|              council, proclaimed the pope the head of all the eastern
230  8,14|              letter to Lascaris, the pope, though he does not justify
231  8,14|             of Brienne backed by the pope could carry out an aggressive
232  8,14|             endeavored to divert the pope from his interest in the
233  8,14|             the Minorites brought to Pope Gregory IX a patriarchal
234  8,14|             patriarch offered to the pope for consideration the subject
235  8,14|           1245, Gregory’s successor, Pope Innocent IV, announced that
236  8,14|              the Christian world the pope was ready to sacrifice the
237  8,14|           power to conclude with the pope the negotiations for union.[
238  8,14|       usually related that, in 1256, Pope Alexander IV suddenly sent
239  8,14|          This sudden decision of the pope seemed to have no particular
240  8,14|     negotiations belonged not to the pope, but to the Emperor of Nicaea.[
241  8,14|           1256, Theodore sent to the pope two nobles who begged Alexander
242  8,14|            over it as a vicar of the pope, and to draw up its decisions
243  8,14|            apparently sent envoys to Pope Alexander IV. But the latter
244  9,2 |        former Latin Empire), and the pope was greatly interested in
245  9,2 |            Turks, receiving from the pope his means of subsistence.
246  9,2 |            fourth is not to be.” The pope called the attention of
247  9,3 |        victim to papal intrigue. The pope, seeing that after the death
248  9,3 |           the Kingdom of Sicily, the pope had in view not only the
249  9,3 |             East. At least, in 1265, Pope Clement IV expressed the
250  9,3 |     reformabitur).[35] Accepting the pope’s proposal to interfere
251  9,3 |           puppet in the hands of the pope who had invited him to Italy.~
252  9,3 |           and in the presence of the pope, at Viterbo, a small Italian
253  9,3 |             of negotiations with the pope concerning the union between
254  9,3 |      conciliatory policy towards the pope and to imitate the aggressive
255  9,3 |           the union of the churches. Pope Gregory X willingly inclined
256  9,3 |              of the Emperor. But the pope succeeded in persuading
257  9,3 |             was achieved between the pope and the representatives
258  9,3 |           personal conference of the pope and the Emperor were immediately
259  9,3 |              year, on January 6, the pope suddenly died, and the project
260  9,3 |         after some friction with the pope, evoked by the union of
261  9,3 |             affected the position of Pope Martin IV. It was not only
262  9,3 |             Byzantine policy of this pope, who had broken with the
263  9,6 |     fourteenth century, besought the pope to rouse the western European
264  9,6 |      Venetians and Genoese until the Pope sentenced it to be destroyed,
265  9,7 |            Vasili I Dmitrievich. The pope, Venice, France, England,
266  9,7 |          Whether the Emperor saw the pope or not is doubtful. When
267  9,7 |         polemic struggle between the Pope of Avignon and the University
268  9,8 |              the co-operation of the pope. For this purpose the Emperor
269  9,8 |              Italy was of no avail.~ Pope Eugenius IV preached a crusade
270  9,9 |             faith. The report to the pope of the archbishop of Chios,
271  9,9 |            dedicated his poem to the pope and was, like Leonard, convinced
272  9,9 |            culture. In his appeal to Pope Nicholas V the western emperor,
273  9,9 |              Piccolomini, the future Pope Pius II, calling to mind
274  9,9 |            no longer a head: neither Pope nor Emperor is adequately
275  9,10|              the intervention of the pope and the western European
276  9,10|     sovereigns. The readiness of the pope to favor the proposition
277  9,11|              was a heavy blow to the pope. Papal appeals to save what
278  9,11|              had been invited by the pope, his aggressive policy against
279  9,11|             that with the aid of the pope he might gain supreme power
280  9,11|        defense, with the help of the pope, against the West in the
281  9,11|            the temporal power of the pope met with definite resistance
282  9,11|           historian Norden said that Pope Gregory X “influenced the
283  9,11|             at the invitation of the pope Emperor Michael Palaeologus
284  9,11|             supreme authority of the pope; to all these stipulations,
285  9,11|        Michael also expressed to the pope his readiness to support
286  9,11|           union. But in 1281 the new pope, the Frenchman Martin IV,
287  9,14|             put all his trust in the pope.~ The fourteenth century
288  9,14|              enemies.”[280]~ In 1367 Pope Urban V decided to move
289  9,14|              temple of St. Peter the pope celebrated a solemn service
290  9,14|         Father and Son, and that the pope was the head of all Christians.
291  9,14|           the Emperor dined with the pope; all the cardinals were
292  9,14|             the Emperor’s departure, Pope Urban V returned to Avignon.~
293  9,14|            his encyclical letter the pope expressed his joy at John’
294  9,14|            he could receive from the pope nothing but attention, presents,
295  9,15|              had spread very widely. Pope Eugenius IV was not in sympathy
296  9,15|             Council of Basel and the pope, at the same time and independently
297  9,15|           nearing agreement with the pope, who was taking over the
298  9,15|             and even elected another pope.~ The meetings of the Council
299  9,15|      filioque and the primacy of the pope, dragged on for a long time.
300  9,15|            as the nineteenth century Pope Leo XIII in his encyclical
301  9,16|            including the name of the pope. This act at such a crisis
302  9,19|        century Roger Bacon wrote the Pope concerning Italy, “in which,
303  9,19|             papal curia. Sent by the pope to Germany to negotiate