Chapter, Paragraph

  1  2,1 |             was declared the dominant State religion by Theodosius the
  2  2,1 |              century into a Christian state, entered upon an era during
  3  2,1 |               dominant element in the state and society, while the Christians
  4  2,1 |              into the organism of the State, and he presumed that Constantine
  5  2,1 |            example of the Zoroastrian state church in Persia.[16] H.
  6  2,1 |           former position of the only state religion to the rank of
  7  2,1 |               They were exempted from state taxation and duties as well
  8  2,1 |             wealth through gifts from state resources of landed property
  9  2,1 |           This church soon became the state church. The new idea of
 10  2,2 |          relations between church and state, highly significant for
 11  2,2 |            Constantine the Great, the state took part in the religious
 12  2,2 |       obviously, the interests of the state did not coincide with those
 13  2,2 |               all communities the new state of harmony and peace within
 14  2,2 |             foundations for the Roman state. The Emperor set out personally
 15  2,2 |               of directing the entire state organism along a normal
 16  2,2 |            the interests of one Roman state. The Empire remained undivided;
 17  2,2 |               year 354.~ Such was the state of affairs when the brother
 18  2,2 |          there were two rulers of one state. Contemporaries viewed the
 19  2,2 | irreconcilable with the spirit of the state.” By “the spirit of the
 20  2,2 |                 By “the spirit of the state”[80] this decree meant the
 21  2,3 |                    The Church and the state at the end of the fourth
 22  2,3 |            between the church and the state: the former stood for the
 23  2,3 |              for the supremacy of the state over the church; the latter
 24  2,3 |      historical life in the West in a state of complete barbarism.~
 25  2,3 |            was sent to the Emperor to state the case of the Goths. The
 26  2,3 |        condemned and forbidden by the state, was doomed to die out,
 27  2,3 |             The new peace between the state and the Patriarch did not
 28  2,3 |         tradition, which reflects the state of mind of the Magi and
 29  2,4 |               Christianity became the state religion, this legal collection
 30  2,4 |           became a real menace to the state at the end of the fourth,
 31  2,5 |        predecessor a very complicated state of affairs in the church.
 32  2,5 |       profitless war with Persia, the state of affairs on the Danube
 33  2,5 |        capital and menaced the entire state in the late fourth century.
 34  2,5 |               Italian territory. This state of affairs explains why
 35  2,5 |              the East, which was in a state of decline, and, so to speak,
 36  2,5 |             religion and later as the state religion, furthered the
 37  3,3 |           exhaustion of the Byzantine state. In view of the fact that
 38  3,3 |              would follow.~ A similar state of affairs prevailed in
 39  3,3 |            spite of the fact that the state of affairs in Africa and
 40  3,4 |              decision he reversed the state of affairs. His military
 41  3,4 |               the expenditures of the state by economizing on the upkeep
 42  3,5 |            time was in a very chaotic state.~ Back in the days of the
 43  3,5 |       ministers of justice and of the state, and the greatest possible
 44  3,6 |               law and one faith. “One state, one law, and one church” —
 45  3,6 |        assumed that in a well-ordered state everything is subject to
 46  3,6 |        religion only a servant of the state,[58] others that this “second
 47  3,6 |           conception the ruler of the state was to be both Caesar and
 48  3,6 |               relations with it. This state of affairs was bound to
 49  3,7 |   Monophysitism might have become the state religion, obligatory on
 50  3,8 |           life of the Empire was in a state of disorder and disturbance.
 51  3,8 |             Magistrates) of the Roman State, and The Secret History
 52  3,8 |             emperor in such a pitiful state, calmed down and the revolt
 53  3,8 |            the desperate condition of state and private landownership
 54  3,8 |      shamelessly they rob everything… State property has almost entirely
 55  3,8 |             seized private as well as state lands. It is interesting
 56  3,8 |               He realized that such a state of things within the Empire
 57  3,8 |               income, “increasing the state treasury and exerting all
 58  3,8 |               for government aid, the state of the Empire at the end
 59  3,9 |             then asked them; “In what state are your countries, and
 60  3,9 |           with drums beating and high state. These circumstances were
 61  3,9 |            The silk industry became a state monopoly and yielded the
 62  3,10|               was so universally in a state of demoralization.”[115]
 63  3,13|             the emperors of the Roman state are lords of freemen.[126]~ ~
 64  3,16|       Apostate, and a treatise On the State Constitution (Katastasis
 65  3,16|             magistrates) of the Roman State, which has not yet been
 66  3,16|             sixth century it was in a state of complete dilapidation.
 67  3,16|         sculpture in general was in a state of decline, there were a
 68  4   |          Theodosius III (715-17). The state of anarchy which prevailed
 69  4,1 |              Ostrogorsky said, “whose state conception is Roman, whose
 70  4,1 |            reign of Phocas, were in a state of complete anarchy. The
 71  4,1 |        significance and became a weak state soon to cease its political
 72  4,1 |              call her, formed a large state in the second half of the
 73  4,1 |               which could be called a state. There had existed in Yemen
 74  4,1 |           foundations for a political state on a religious basis. Having
 75  4,1 |           lead the Arabs out of their state of barbarism (Djahiliyya
 76  4,1 |            which frequently rose to a state of religious fanaticism
 77  4,1 |            place as the most powerful state in the world. Territorially
 78  4,1 |             Byzantine Empire became a state with a predominating Greek
 79  4,1 |             less satisfactory was the state of affairs in Egypt; but
 80  4,1 |               Quite different was the state of affairs in North Africa.
 81  4,1 |              remained in their former state of barbarism and offered
 82  4,1 |          shore of the lower Danube, a state whose subsequent history
 83  4,1 |        gradually developed a powerful state which was, quite naturally,
 84  4,1 |           conditions.~ Meanwhile, the state of affairs in Italy did
 85  5,2 |            the idea of the triumphant state changed to the idea of repentance,
 86  5,2 |            when the end of the Muslim state, and at the same time the
 87  5,2 |           transformed into a powerful state with definite offensive
 88  5,3 |              saw clearly the existing state of affairs and made it his
 89  5,3 |               he believed that in the state of society described by
 90  5,4 |         sanction and later became the state religion, the churches were
 91  5,4 |             II issued a decree in his state three years before Leo’s
 92  5,4 |            interests of the Byzantine state. In view of the fact that
 93  5,5 |           elements which, by escaping state control and by functioning
 94  5,6 |              two rulers governing one state. It is wrong to speak of
 95  5,7 |             local problem an event of state importance.”[120]~ While
 96  5,8 |              complete indifference in state affairs. The ambassador
 97  5,8 |           phases of the life of their state.~ Although the Arabo-Byzantine
 98  5,8 |               in Italy an independent state, “the Roman Italian Empire” (
 99  5,8 |              the borders of the papal state and the Duchy of Spoleto.
100  5,8 |               remained an independent state.~ Contemporary with the
101  5,8 |             far as they concerned the state. Yet monasticism experienced
102  5,8 |            after Leo’s death that the state of the Romans lost a very
103  5,8 |            neither the church nor the state prohibited these images;
104  5,8 |              death of Michael III the state of affairs changed. The
105  6,1 |             indifferent to affairs of state and devoted all his time
106  6,2 |               Arabic) became a vassal state of the Empire. The Muslim
107  6,2 |                976-1025), the general state of affairs was not favorable
108  6,2 |              struggle for this buffer state had finally led to the division
109  6,2 |             advantage of the existing state of affairs, made frequent
110  6,3 |             the place of their future state in the valley of the Middle
111  6,6 |             and became an independent state. The Empire and this new
112  6,6 |               The Empire and this new state treated each other like
113  6,6 |             were asleep and even in a state of impotence, my sovereign,
114  6,7 |        relations of the church to the state.[113] In the second place,
115  6,7 |               although they were in a state of decline. They, too, were
116  6,7 |              was again reduced to the state of a simple peasant.[130]
117  6,7 |               prescription; hence the state “may claim its rights by
118  6,7 |             the famous medieval papal state. In the seventh century
119  6,8 |             the backbone of the Roman state.”[139] In view of this a
120  6,8 |          therefore no longer a buffer state between the Empire and the
121  6,8 |           battle all of the Byzantine state was in the hands of the
122  6,8 |          nowhere; they had founded no state; they had been always merely
123  6,8 |             Iconium (now Konia), this state of the Seljuqs is often
124  7,1 |             the very existence of the state. But the succession of the
125  7,1 |               had founded the Italian state of the Normans, because
126  7,1 |           bringing the country into a state of anarchy. But Alexius
127  7,1 |      Constantinople the center of his state. Both the Patzinaks and
128  7,1 |          Eastern Empire a new Turkish state of the Seljuqs and Patzinaks
129  7,1 |      Influence of the Crusades on the State of the European Peoples.
130  7,1 |              on this great pilgrimage state that “out of seven thousand,
131  7,1 |               that is to say, his own state; and the idea of the liberation
132  7,1 |            king of Jerusalem. The new state was organized on the western
133  7,1 |            the East a powerful Norman state; he realized that he did
134  7,1 |              received the Empire in a state of weakness, succeeded in
135  7,1 |         Alexius, the frontiers of the state, both in Europe and in Asia,
136  7,1 |        defending the interests of his state, to which the westerners,
137  7,1 |       believed that without affecting state interests he would be able
138  7,1 |         Armenia Minor, which was in a state of revolt, and at the same
139  7,1 |             handed over to his heir a state even stronger and more vast
140  7,1 |              all forces of the German state. Manuel’s marriage to Bertha,
141  7,1 |           danger which threatened his state from Roger II. Of course,
142  7,1 |   geographical position, was a buffer state of the crusaders which had
143  7,1 |             saw in it a danger to his state and to his influence with
144  7,1 |            all willing to fall into a state of dependence from one emperor
145  7,1 |              a period of reaction and state reforms which had an entirely
146  7,1 |              had the direction of all state affairs. The violent struggle
147  7,1 |    aristocracy they both weakened the state; John IV found himself as
148  7,1 |        landowners, and of freeing the state from the foreign Latin preponderance,
149  7,2 |           definite plan in ruling the state in its external relations,
150  7,2 |            Wallachian-Bulgarian-Cuman state, its dynasty, if the assertion
151  7,2 |          robes. Now the new Bulgarian state was recognized as politically
152  7,2 |             reached the limits of the state of Armenia Minor, in Cilicia.
153  7,2 |             seemed that the new Latin state in Cyprus should play a
154  7,2 |        whether Byzantium, as a buffer state against western imperialism,
155  7,2 |              a Catholic or schismatic state, whether a legitimate Greek
156  7,2 |          thing was that the Byzantine state should preserve its independence
157  7,2 |               introduced in the whole state a special tax, which was
158  7,3 |              replace the German world state by a similar Byzantine world
159  7,3 |               similar Byzantine world state. With this in mind, probably,
160  7,3 |              Choniates wrote: “What a state of mind must, naturally,
161  7,3 |           Christian people.”~ But the state of mind of the pope changed
162  7,4 |           Byzantium as an independent state, and forced the Emperors
163  7,4 |            order to provide funds for state defense and the compensation
164  7,4 |            and Bryanzev, for example, state, “judged it possible, in
165  7,4 |         Comnenus, became Emperor of a state in which the financial system
166  7,4 |        Comnenus somewhat improved the state finances, in spite of almost
167  7,4 |            Comneni, the army cost the state enormous sums of money,
168  7,4 |           under Manuel they were in a state of decline. Nicetas Choniates,
169  7,4 |           some places which were in a state of decay. He fortified a
170  7,4 |             were, in their turn, in a state of permanent commercial
171  7,4 |           played an important role in state affairs under him and his
172  7,4 |             upon the documents of the state archives, diplomatic correspondence,
173  7,4 |        noblest document” of the Greek state regenerated by Alexius Comnenus.~
174  7,4 |            under the Comneni was in a state of decay. Especially in
175  8,2 |       reconstruction of the Byzantine state was formed and strengthened,
176  8,2 |            palace of a Greek (Romaic) state to a stay in his native
177  8,2 |              The situation of the new state in Bithynia was extremely
178  8,2 |              north; from the west the state of Nicaea was pushed back
179  8,2 |            the destruction of the new state of Nicaea. A complicated
180  8,2 |               in several parts of the state there arose independent
181  8,2 |           critical moment for the new state came the sudden news that
182  8,2 |               of Byzantium. The Latin state established in the Balkan
183  8,2 |             him to his former servile state.[6]~ Having thus provoked
184  8,2 |          realm a great Greco-Slavonic state in the Balkan peninsula
185  8,2 |              actively to organize his state. First of all, when Theodore
186  8,2 |             subsequent history of the state of Nicaea: Nicaea became
187  8,2 |             cities, since the Romaeic state, many times divided and
188  8,2 |               is also in a deplorable state.[28]~An interesting document
189  8,2 |              over the universal Roman state; the Will of God has laid
190  8,4 |               The appearance of a new state, the Empire of Nicaea, was,
191  8,5 |               Asia Minor, unified the state, and attracted to it the
192  8,5 |             deluge take refuge in thy state as in a calm harbour … No
193  8,6 |            further development of the state of Nicaea, nevertheless
194  8,6 |         alliances with one or another state. By a stroke of good fortune
195  8,7 |         became the capital of the new state.~ The history of the Despotat
196  8,7 |               of the expansion of his state at the expense of the Latins
197  8,7 |              the despot in ruling the state, the Emperor of Nicaea granted
198  8,7 |               on the territory of the state of Thessalonica and Epirus),
199  8,9 |            received in a disorganized state, to limits that it had not
200  8,12|          possession of this city. The state of Thessalonica ceased to
201  8,13|             the traitors to the Roman state, i.e., the Despot of Epirus
202  8,13|             reconcile herself to this state of affairs. Realizing this,
203  8,13|            deformed chivalrous feudal state of the Latins belongs to
204  8,13|             in a dangerously weakened state, they shortly took adequate
205  8,14|         clearly realized that the new state of things in the Near East,
206  8,14|               head of which stood the state of Nicaea. In a word, the
207  8,14|            was ready to sacrifice the state created by the crusaders.
208  8,15|            the internal life of their state. Economic prosperity was
209  8,15|             men, and that thereby the state of the Romans might be completely
210  8,15|             for their services to the state on condition that they furnish
211  8,16|              and Greek dominions, the state of Nicaea became not only
212  8,16|               foundations of a strong state. In spite of the great difficulties
213  8,16|          internal organization of the state, for religion, and for justice. “
214  8,16|         political regeneration of the state which brought about the
215  8,17|            epoch meant giving certain state rights to private individuals;
216  8,17|            certain obligations to the state, and government agents were
217  8,17|           some scholars categorically state that these frontier lands (
218  8,17|         rather to the pomestye of the State of Moscow, i.e. an estate
219  8,17|             thereby to escape various state obligations, especially
220  8,17|     burdensome taxation, and this the state could not admit. In the
221  8,17|              intermediary between the state and the taxable population,
222  8,17|             degeneration of the Roman state institutions. Along with
223  8,17|              exkuseia originated; the state officials were forbidden
224  8,17|               the right of collecting state revenues.”[217]~ In Roman
225  8,17|            the desperate condition of state and private landownership
226  8,17|            novel goes on to say that “state property has almost entirely
227  8,17|             seized private as well as state lands. Similar information
228  8,17|               western European feudal state is first of all the instability,
229  8,17|        undermined the finances of the state and as a great many robust
230  8,17|              power of the Empire. The state could not submit to such
231  8,17|              the land in the Frankish state belonged to the Church.
232  8,17|            for exemption from various state obligations, were reduced
233  8,17|             forced to discharge their state duties.~ But with the end
234  8,17|              where war was the normal state of things and security did
235  8,17|              how threatening from the state standpoint was the development
236  8,17|              as an almost independent state and during his reign he
237  9,2 |             the hands of Michael in a state of decay and ruin; the best
238  9,2 |                was transformed into a state small in its territorial
239  9,2 |    inclination to occupy himself with state affairs, but nevertheless
240  9,2 |             rose the powerful Turkish state: this was the Empire which
241  9,2 |               his life, withdrew from state affairs, which he entrusted
242  9,2 |            the capital of the Russian state became “the new city of
243  9,3 |      Constance, heiress to the Norman state in southern Italy and Sicily,
244  9,3 |          Another very powerful Mongol state was at that time established
245  9,4 |            failed to form one unified state. They lived in independent
246  9,4 |           Stephen became ruler of the state and was crowned in 1217
247  9,4 |             became the most important state in the Balkan peninsula.
248  9,4 |               Galata became a sort of state within the state, and by
249  9,4 |              sort of state within the state, and by the end of his reign
250  9,6 |             Sophia, at that time in a state of decay.~ Although some
251  9,6 |            The capital of the Turkish state was transferred to Hadrianople.
252  9,6 |             not deserve the name of a state. In 1389 Serbia became subject
253  9,6 |            position and was a sort of state within the state. Taking
254  9,6 |              sort of state within the state. Taking advantage of the
255  9,7 |   Constantinople was practically in a state of siege. The only relief
256  9,7 |          point of view of a Christian state, but also from that of a
257  9,7 |           also from that of a trading state. Venice had even made some
258  9,7 |              the might of the Ottoman state.~ After the Fourth Crusade,
259  9,7 |             the army, government, and state officials; at the head of
260  9,7 |         weakened and falling, a Greek state tries to be born in Morea.
261  9,7 |         representative of the Ottoman state, were marked, in spite of
262  9,7 |            life, Manuel withdrew from state affairs and entrusted them
263  9,8 |               Christians, though in a state of complete desolation.~
264  9,8 |     Thessalonica. He praised the good state of the walls, the land-walls
265  9,12|               church, were opposed to state interference in church affairs,
266  9,12|               zealots. They stood for state support of the church and
267  9,12|       co-operation between church and state; accordingly they did not
268  9,12|             object to the exerting of state influence on the church.
269  9,12|         church in its relation to the state should accommodate itself
270  9,12|               by external enemies and state officials, burdened with
271  9,12|          dangerous to the head of the state, when upon its banner was
272  9,12|            exclusive influence in the state. But the conspiracy was
273  9,12|            patriarch elected from the state officials and the last patriarch
274  9,13|       disturbed the inner life of the state, originated in the troubled
275  9,13|          greatly disturbed church and state affairs.~ A Greek monk,
276  9,13|           than such a prayer. It is a state of ecstasy, a mystic unity
277  9,13|        apotheosis; η θεοσις). In this state the mind wholly transcends
278  9,13|               both the church and the state. The dead body of Palamas’
279  9,17|             normal and well-organized state. Disorganization in all
280  9,17|   Disorganization in all parts of the state machinery and decay of the
281  9,17|    Constantinople was in its pristine state it was one of the noblest
282  9,17|               Holy Apostles, was in a state of decay (ecclesia jam derupta).[
283  9,17|    magnificent, but now it is in such state that both it and the city
284  9,17|              of Tafur: “The Emperor’s state is as splendid as ever,
285  9,17|          skillfully organized central state machinery gradually weakened;
286  9,17|              the navy, which was in a state of complete decay. Michael
287  9,17|             at the head of such a new state. At the end of the fourteenth
288  9,18|            closely connected with the state and personal affairs of
289  9,18|              exceptional influence in state affairs, and he enjoyed
290  9,18|                which was old and in a state of decay, supplied it with
291  9,18|               authority of church and state. Formalism and conventionalism