Chapter, Paragraph

  1  6,8 |          give due praise to Emperor Manuel Comnenus, could not find
  2  7,1 |              His son and successor, Manuel I (1143‑1180) formed a complete
  3  7,1 |           to pass into their hands. Manuel was married twice, each
  4  7,1 |         Antioch. The whole reign of Manuel was regulated by his western
  5  7,1 |        change the system arose. But Manuel died before he saw the collapse
  6  7,1 |         1183), son and successor of Manuel, was twelve years old at
  7  7,1 |         favorite, Alexius Comnenus, Manuel’s nephew. The new government
  8  7,1 |            of John II and cousin of Manuel I, belonged to the younger
  9  7,1 |        semblance of friendship with Manuel, Andronicus was suspected
 10  7,1 |         Byzantium. He spent most of Manuel’s reign in wandering over
 11  7,1 |        treason and plotting against Manuel’s life; he was confined
 12  7,1 |          Galich seemed dangerous to Manuel, whose restless relative
 13  7,1 |          Byzantium had begun a war. Manuel accordingly determined to
 14  7,1 |            the Caucasus).~ At last, Manuel’s envoys succeeded in seizing
 15  7,1 |           to make his submission to Manuel. Pardon was granted, and
 16  7,1 |       relative. At that time, 1180, Manuel died, and his son, Alexius
 17  7,1 |          began gradually to destroy Manuel’s relatives and commanded
 18  7,1 |             under John’s successor, Manuel. If John failed to strike
 19  7,1 |       subsequent wars of Roger with Manuel showed clearly that such
 20  7,1 |            he named his younger son Manuel as his successor. The whole
 21  7,1 |           it down!”~ ~ ~Policies of Manuel I and the Second Crusade.~ ~
 22  7,1 |             the East, his successor Manuel, particularly because of
 23  7,1 |           the Christian population. Manuel had to secure order and
 24  7,1 |       cannot be said, however, that Manuel’s hostilities against the
 25  7,1 |         first years of the reign of Manuel his western policy, like
 26  7,1 |         question of the marriage of Manuel to the sister‑in‑law of
 27  7,1 |           renewed. In his letter to Manuel, Conrad wrote that this
 28  7,1 |         forces of the German state. Manuel’s marriage to Bertha, who
 29  7,1 |         empires. This alliance gave Manuel the hope of getting rid
 30  7,1 |            event suddenly destroyed Manuel’s dreams and political speculations.
 31  7,1 |         news of the crusade alarmed Manuel, who saw in it a danger
 32  7,1 |           first crusaders had been, Manuel commanded its walls and
 33  7,1 |           Vasilievsky, “undoubtedly Manuel hoped to stand at the head
 34  7,1 |     destinies of Islam in the East, Manuel, in the epoch of the Second
 35  7,1 |             but one emperor, namely Manuel, because Conrad III Hohenstaufen
 36  7,1 |           the walls of the capital, Manuel exerted himself to the utmost
 37  7,1 |      expedition to the intrigues of Manuel, alleging that he made an
 38  7,1 |   conclusion of an alliance between Manuel and the Seljuqs. But the
 39  7,1 |           that such charges against Manuel have no serious grounds
 40  7,1 |       Germans to Asia Minor alarmed Manuel still more. Manuel was particularly
 41  7,1 |          alarmed Manuel still more. Manuel was particularly dubious
 42  7,1 |      Italian possessions; in Louis, Manuel suspected he saw a secret
 43  7,1 |           Knowing that at that time Manuel was entirely absorbed by
 44  7,1 |             of an agreement between Manuel and the Turks, became agitated.
 45  7,1 |           and even took the oath to Manuel. Only when Louis made his
 46  7,1 |             for Thessalonica, where Manuel, who was preparing to open
 47  7,1 |          his residence at the time. Manuel and Conrad met there, examined
 48  7,1 |          prestige of the crusaders. Manuel himself was glad to see
 49  7,1 |       clearly.~ ~External policy of Manuel after the Second Crusade. —
 50  7,1 |       Crusade. — During the crusade Manuel had already taken serious
 51  7,1 |        sources characterized Roger. Manuel’s plans were not confined
 52  7,1 |            by the Venetian vessels, Manuel took possession of Corfu.~
 53  7,1 |      marching into Italy to support Manuel; then the Serbs supported
 54  7,1 |          opened hostilities against Manuel, whose attention was thereby
 55  7,1 |            strong coalition against Manuel and Byzantium at the head
 56  7,1 |           But at the very time when Manuel might have expected a particular
 57  7,1 |            king of Germany, calling Manuel rex, not imperator, as Conrad
 58  7,1 |      Republic of St. Mark, aware of Manuel’s plans for establishing
 59  7,1 |        inflicted a severe defeat on Manuel’s troops at Brindisi in
 60  7,1 |            unsuccessful campaign of Manuel in Italy clearly showed
 61  7,1 |           therewith disappeared all Manuel’s hopes for the restoration
 62  7,1 |            a peace was made between Manuel and William of Sicily. This
 63  7,1 |        relations between Conrad and Manuel.” The Byzantine troops never
 64  7,1 |        actively in a new direction. Manuel, wishing to destroy the
 65  7,1 |            and the king of Germany, Manuel hoped “to restore the Eastern
 66  7,1 |             Italian cities started, Manuel actively supported the latter
 67  7,1 |            seemed rather to improve Manuel’s position in Italy. His
 68  7,1 |             again to Byzantium. But Manuel, willing, perhaps because
 69  7,1 |         Venice were not restored in Manuel’s lifetime.~ Wishing to
 70  7,1 |             Asia Minor would divert Manuel from European affairs.~
 71  7,1 |        leadership of Thoros. Two of Manuel’s armies sent against Thoros
 72  7,1 |             naval attack on Cyprus. Manuel came to Cilicia in person.
 73  7,1 |          capture and fled. In 1158, Manuel became again the master
 74  7,1 |          forces, decided to sue for Manuel’s pardon. The Emperor was
 75  7,1 |             in Mopsuestia where, in Manuel’s camp, he was courteously
 76  7,1 |      Thessalonica in his oration to Manuel mentioned the king, who “
 77  7,1 |    sublimity.”~ Then in April 1159, Manuel made his solemn entry into
 78  7,1 |          Chatillon and the entry of Manuel into Antioch in 1159 mark
 79  7,1 |            the reign of the Emperor Manuel Porphyrogenitus Comnenus
 80  7,1 |            2” (= 1169). The name of Manuel put together with that of
 81  7,1 |              As to the relations of Manuel with the Muhammedan princes,
 82  7,1 |           magnificently received by Manuel. William of Tyre gave a
 83  7,1 |           and overwhelming power of Manuel in the Near East.~ But the
 84  7,1 |              hostilities broke out. Manuel himself rode at the head
 85  7,1 |     Constantinople in 1179, depicts Manuel’s mood after the defeat
 86  7,1 |            Plantagenet, of England, Manuel announced his recent disaster
 87  7,1 |             anonymous panegyrist of Manuel turned the Emperor’s very
 88  7,1 |       Ismaelitians [i.e. Turks] he [Manuel] rushed into flight alone
 89  7,1 |            and spears.” A nephew of Manuel adorned his new house with
 90  7,1 |             Soon after this defeat, Manuel also sent a letter to Frederick
 91  7,1 |             informed of the truth — Manuel’s crushing defeat. In replying
 92  7,1 |     crushing defeat. In replying to Manuel, Frederick announced that
 93  7,1 |         imperio); therefore he bade Manuel recognize the authority
 94  7,1 |     regulate his conduct by that of Manuel, who in vain was sowing
 95  7,1 |           twelfth century; at first Manuel remembered it, and later
 96  7,1 |          and the papal curia, which Manuel had utilized for his diplomatic
 97  7,1 |        short time before his death, Manuel succeeded in obtaining his
 98  7,1 |           the famous letter sent by Manuel to the king of England,
 99  7,1 |            and in the last years of Manuel’s reign there is some evidence
100  7,1 |          evidently well informed on Manuel’s favorite sports of which
101  7,1 |            from Bremen.~ To sum up, Manuel’s policy differed very much
102  7,1 |             The preference given by Manuel to the West, which was uncongenial
103  7,1 |            The special historian of Manuel’s epoch estimated his policy
104  7,1 |          policy in these comments: “Manuel chanced to die rather too
105  7,1 |             began with the reign of Manuel.”~ It might be more correct
106  7,1 |             The erroneous policy of Manuel led the Empire again into
107  7,1 |          Hertzberg commented: “with Manuel, the ancient brilliance
108  7,1 |            the death of the Emperor Manuel Comnenus there has perished
109  7,1 |          colorful figure as that of Manuel Comnenus could not fail
110  7,1 |           as in the Russian annals. Manuel sent to the princess of
111  7,1 |       Prester John was addressed to Manuel.~ ~Foreign affairs under
112  7,1 |           of administration.” After Manuel’s death his twelve‑year
113  7,1 |          favorite Alexius Comnenus, Manuel’s nephew, however, had the
114  7,1 |         exceedingly menacing. After Manuel’s death there were two enemies
115  7,1 |           time, during the reign of Manuel, had been. the basis of
116  7,3 |             Comneni, beginning with Manuel, should be restored in full
117  7,3 |             of their property under Manuel, as well as the massacre
118  7,3 |         Venetian property seized by Manuel Comnenus may also have had
119  7,4 |            ecclesiastical policy of Manuel Comnenus, gave the general
120  7,4 |   Constantine.” The third Comnenus, Manuel, inflicted great harm upon
121  7,4 |          vessels for public needs.” Manuel by restoring the abrogated
122  7,4 |             dependent on him. Under Manuel the Russians who had formerly
123  7,4 |             the time of Alexius and Manuel Comnenius.~ The chief energies
124  7,4 |             of this, however, under Manuel occurred the famous case
125  7,4 |            s latinophile successor, Manuel I. The latter, hopeful of
126  7,4 |            After the Second Crusade Manuel corresponded with several
127  7,4 |            Lazarus.~ Shortly after, Manuel through his envoy officially
128  7,4 |           money or military forces, Manuel would supply him with troops
129  7,4 |           for joining the churches. Manuel exerted himself to the utmost
130  7,4 |              at the council between Manuel and the patriarch, is a
131  7,4 |           of the fall of Byzantium. Manuel was forced to yield and
132  7,4 |            and his partisans.~ Thus Manuel, both in his secular external
133  7,4 |             unitarian tendencies of Manuel met with no sympathy in
134  7,4 |           the rule of his successor Manuel put the country again on
135  7,4 |            of military enterprises, Manuel squandered enormous amounts
136  7,4 |             the financial policy of Manuel. The Greeks of the islands
137  7,4 |              Like Alexius Comnenus, Manuel tried to improve his finances
138  7,4 |        marked by a reaction against Manuel’s policy, did the situation
139  7,4 |           the lower classes against Manuel’s latinophile policy and
140  7,4 |           life of the country under Manuel, and conditions could not,
141  7,4 |         twelfth century, i.e. under Manuel, gave in the description
142  7,4 |         great city of Islam.” Under Manuel also, an Arabian traveler,
143  7,4 |             of Constantinople under Manuel reminded A. Andreades of
144  7,4 |           its ruin.~ To the time of Manuel belongs a very interesting
145  7,4 |       treasury. This prohibition of Manuel, depriving the lower classes
146  7,4 |          scholars who think that as Manuel’s prohibition had clearly
147  7,4 |             the latinophile rule of Manuel.~ As far as the navy was
148  7,4 |       fighting power, so that under Manuel they were in a state of
149  7,4 |          history, sharply condemned Manuel for the destruction of the
150  7,4 |             economic independence.~ Manuel restored and fortified some
151  7,4 |            to commercial questions. Manuel’s policy was always closely
152  7,4 |        points of view.~ The Emperor Manuel, who was fond of astrology,
153  7,4 |       imperial speeches. Because of Manuel’s theological studies, his
154  7,4 |             priests” (Exodus 19:6). Manuel was not only himself interested
155  7,4 |         were brought to Sicily from Manuel’s library at Constantinople.
156  7,4 |           manuscript at about 1160. Manuel’s sister-in-law Irene distinguished
157  7,4 |             of the rule of John and Manuel (1118-76) which was a continuation
158  7,4 |     evidently unfinished history is Manuel; it is therefore somewhat
159  7,4 |         kings. He chose as his hero Manuel, who had treated him with
160  7,4 |           last years of the rule of Manuel, and rising to especial
161  7,4 |    priceless source for the time of Manuel, the interesting rule of
162  7,4 |            the death of the Emperor Manuel, and other writings. Eustathius’
163  7,4 |           wrote during the reign of Manuel. He began his career as
164  7,4 |           some orations in honor of Manuel, five of which were published;
165  7,4 |             the wife of the Emperor Manuel, the German princess Bertha-Irene,
166  7,4 |              especially of John and Manuel, is the very learned poet,
167  7,4 |            was the sister-in-law of Manuel, Irene. The situation of
168  7,4 |        enlightened sister-in-law of Manuel, Irene, carries the history
169  7,4 |         burial place of John II and Manuel I Comneni and in which later
170  7,4 |           to be buried the Emperors Manuel II and John VIII Palaeologi.
171  7,4 |    Christian mosaicists for Emperor Manuel Comnenus in 1169. Thus,
172  7,4 |          the West. Especially under Manuel Comnenus was there “a steady
173  8,9 |    practically ceased to exist, and Manuel, the brother of Theodore
174  8,9 |             Vatatzes of Nicaea, and Manuel of Thessalonica. This new
175  8,9 |      friendly understanding between Manuel of Thessalonica and the
176  8,16|          Frederick I Barbarossa and Manuel I Comnenus.[197] Later scholars,
177  8,16|         wrote were Frederick II and Manuel, Despot of Thessalonica,
178  8,17|             the latinophile Emperor Manuel I (1143-1180), actual western
179  8,17|              de toto feudo, quod et Manuel quondam defunctus Imperator
180  8,17|           the latinophile policy of Manuel I, they settled in great
181  9,2 |          his favorite son and heir, Manuel, were put in prison. In
182  9,2 |       crowned as co-emperor his son Manuel. Finally, at the very end
183  9,2 |            Owing to the activity of Manuel, John V was restored. At
184  9,2 |          and unhappy reign. His son Manuel became Emperor (1391-1425).~
185  9,2 |          this miniature are Emperor Manuel, his wife Helena, and three
186  9,2 |    Areopagite, was sent to Paris by Manuel as a present some years
187  9,2 |         seal or molybdobullon.[20]~ Manuel, handsome, noble, very well
188  9,2 |             an adequate resistance, Manuel, after a fruitless attempt
189  9,2 |          his valedictory address to Manuel, Murad said: “Govern peacefully
190  9,2 |         stipulated tribute, his son Manuel and some Greek auxiliaries.
191  9,2 |             some Greek auxiliaries. Manuel was compelled to yield and
192  9,2 |      expedition are clearly felt in Manuel’s letters. Having described
193  9,2 |             beasts could not feed,” Manuel made a tragic remark: “all
194  9,2 |               22] In another letter Manuel wrote an account of the
195  9,2 |      subserviency towards the Turks Manuel had been forced to suffer
196  9,2 |             to collect the sum due, Manuel obtained it at once and,
197  9,2 |          his long and painful reign Manuel, in the last years of his
198  9,2 |          Scriptures. Shortly after, Manuel was struck with apoplexy;
199  9,2 |          arose. The Empress mother, Manuel II’s wife, who was still
200  9,6 |             Emperor’s son and heir, Manuel, who was at that time at
201  9,7 |                                     Manuel II (1391-1425) and the Turks.~
202  9,7 |               In one of his essays, Manuel II wrote: “When I had passed
203  9,7 |            clear tranquility.”[144] Manuel’s presentiments did not
204  9,7 |             moment of John’s death, Manuel was at the court of Sultan
205  9,7 |            feared the popularity of Manuel and regretted not having
206  9,7 |           sent to Constantinople to Manuel, as Ducas related, gave
207  9,7 |     families of the Palaeologi with Manuel at their head, and the Slavonic
208  9,7 |         words given in a writing of Manuel, “after the land had been
209  9,7 |          the sultan put the Emperor Manuel at the head of the Turkish
210  9,7 |          came to an open break, and Manuel again turned to the West
211  9,7 |           neglected.~ Hard pressed, Manuel opened friendly negotiations
212  9,7 |        Sigismund’s crusade started, Manuel seems to have formed a league
213  9,7 |             Aegean Sea.[150] As for Manuel’s relation to Sigismund’
214  9,7 |         destruction on Morea, where Manuel’s brother was ruling under
215  9,7 |            were murmuring, accusing Manuel of their misery, and beginning
216  9,7 |             deposed for some months Manuel’s old father, John V.~ ~
217  9,7 |         able to overcome the Turks, Manuel decided to appeal for help
218  9,7 |         Aragon replied favorably to Manuel’s appeal. His request seemed
219  9,7 |             a remote country.”[154] Manuel’s appeal to western Europe
220  9,7 |             from France aid in men, Manuel’s request for help from
221  9,7 |        contributions could not help Manuel substantially.~ The king
222  9,7 |         greatest joy. Boucicaut and Manuel made many devastating raids
223  9,7 |            the critical position of Manuel and his capital, as regards
224  9,7 |         Byzantium.~ ~The journey of Manuel II in Western Europe. —
225  9,7 |           in Western Europe. — When Manuel’s journey to the West was
226  9,7 |            and lay representatives, Manuel and Boucicaut left the capital
227  9,7 |           also kept her forces from Manuel’s aid. They were needed
228  9,7 |           Italian cities visited by Manuel received him with honor
229  9,7 |            or not is doubtful. When Manuel was leaving Italy, encouraged
230  9,7 |          were prepared in Paris for Manuel. A Frenchman who was an
231  9,7 |            his letters from London, Manuel wrote: “The King gives us
232  9,7 |            of two months in London, Manuel, loaded with presents and
233  9,7 |             Christian faith?”[159]~ Manuel's second stay in Paris lasted
234  9,7 |             many details concerning Manuel’s first stay in Paris, say
235  9,7 |          Louvre, for example, where Manuel had his residence, the Emperor
236  9,7 |             curtain.” This essay of Manuel exists today.[160]~ ~The
237  9,7 |    Meanwhile, the fruitless stay of Manuel in Paris began to seem endless.
238  9,7 |         wife, and their three sons. Manuel’s picture is of great interest,
239  9,7 |        historian Phrantzes, said of Manuel: “One who does not know
240  9,7 |          162]~ The fruitlessness of Manuel’s journey to western Europe,
241  9,7 |           fifty years.~ In spite of Manuel’s poor success, he did not
242  9,7 |    interesting letters addressed by Manuel to the kings of Aragon,
243  9,7 |           famous Byzantine humanist Manuel Chrysoloras, who was at
244  9,7 |          was at that time in Italy, Manuel informed Martin that he
245  9,7 |           during a voyage to Morea, Manuel wrote another letter from
246  9,7 |         that Ferdinand had promised Manuel’s son Theodore, the despot
247  9,7 |           Christians in general and Manuel in particular. Manuel wrote
248  9,7 |           and Manuel in particular. Manuel wrote to express his hope
249  9,7 |           Morea during the reign of Manuel II.~ In 1415, Manuel himself
250  9,7 |             of Manuel II.~ In 1415, Manuel himself visited the Peloponnesus,
251  9,7 |            of the Peloponnesus, and Manuel II, who delivered his funeral
252  9,7 |            century.~ To the time of Manuel II should be referred two
253  9,7 |            Plethon was proposing to Manuel II a plan of reforms for
254  9,7 |      century, the relations between Manuel and Bayazid’s successor,
255  9,7 | Constantinople, where he was met by Manuel. Each sovereign remained
256  9,7 |             last years of his life, Manuel withdrew from state affairs
257  9,7 |         Isthmus of Corinth built by Manuel, and devastated Morea.[184]
258  9,7 |          and devastated Morea.[184] Manuel’s co-emperor John VIII spent
259  9,7 |              In 1425, the paralyzed Manuel passed away. With a feeling
260  9,7 |             special investigator of Manuel’s activity, Berger de Xivrey,
261  9,7 |      important event of the time of Manuel was the battle of Angora,
262  9,7 |          The chief event upon which Manuel had relied, the rising of
263  9,7 |         relations with the Turks in Manuel’s time one must not lose
264  9,8 |          which had been built under Manuel II, in order to offer adequate
265  9,11|          especially in the epoch of Manuel, the emperor had sought
266  9,14|             son, the future Emperor Manuel, came in person to Venice
267  9,15|            the fruitless journey of Manuel II through western Europe,
268  9,17|        arrested at Venice for debt, Manuel II, and John VIII, similar
269  9,17|             of the city.[300] Under Manuel II, in 1422, a Burgundian
270  9,17|          desert than Scythia.” When Manuel, son of John V, was appointed
271  9,17|             Empire was minted under Manuel II, perhaps for his coronation,
272  9,17|            theory exists that under Manuel II and John VIII a reform
273  9,18|             at Constantinople.[339] Manuel II was particularly renowned
274  9,18|             letters from the pen of Manuel.[340]~ But from the point
275  9,18|            to one of his disciples, Manuel Calecas.[368] Cydones translated
276  9,18|         correspondents may be noted Manuel II (32 letters), John Cantacuzene,
277  9,18|             also submitted plans to Manuel II for the restoration of
278  9,18|      Planudes (his secular name was Manuel), a contemporary of the
279  9,18|      Planudes’ disciple and friend, Manuel Moschopulus (Moschopulos),
280  9,18|             under the Palaeologi by Manuel Holobolus and Manuel Philes.
281  9,18|             by Manuel Holobolus and Manuel Philes. Holobolus’ poetry
282  9,18|          Emperor Michael VIII.[415] Manuel Philes, whose life was one
283  9,18|            famous Byzantine painter Manuel Panselinos of Thessalonica (
284  9,18|         century with a miniature of Manuel II, have already been mentioned.[
285  9,19|           real Byzantine humanists, Manuel Chrysoloras, Gemistus Plethon,
286  9,19|             the fourteenth century, Manuel Chrysoloras enjoyed in his
287  9,19|           At the request of Emperor Manuel II, who was at that time
288  9,19|        flashes of wit of a Terence. Manuel Chrysoloras is a veritable
289  9,19|           classics now known. After Manuel Chrysoloras, who aroused
290 App  |            John II, 1118-1143.~~~~~~Manuel I, 1143-1180.~~~~~~Alexius
291 App  |              John (VII), 1390.~~~~~~Manuel II, 1391-1425.~~~~~~John