Chapter, Paragraph

  1  2,1 |            title of Augustus in the West. In the following year Constantius
  2  2,1 |          the East as well as in the West. At times this cult of the
  3  2,2 |         Emperor was educated in the West and influenced by his western
  4  2,2 |            Greek East and the Latin West, and that the administration
  5  2,2 |    Valentinian was succeeded in the west by his son Gratian (375-
  6  2,2 |             originally from the far West (Spain), was the first emperor
  7  2,2 |            east and Honorius in the west. As in previous instances
  8  2,3 |    Valentinian was succeeded in the West by his sons, Gratian (375-
  9  2,3 |      brilliant army generals in the West during the reign of Valentinian
 10  2,3 |        their historical life in the West in a state of complete barbarism.~
 11  2,3 |           their onward march to the West they defeated the east Goths,
 12  2,3 |           and Honorius ruled in the West.~ Theodosius did not succeed
 13  2,3 |         pope and the Emperor of the West, Honorius, had both interceded
 14  2,3 |      organized in the East, but the West was going through a very
 15  2,4 |       Theodosius, introduced in the West during the period of Germanic
 16  2,4 |          source of Roman law in the West. This indicates clearly
 17  2,4 |      Justinian, which spread in the West much later, sometime during
 18  2,4 |        Golden Horn, somewhat to the west of Constantine’s wall. This
 19  2,4 |             which the Empire in the West perished.”[136]~ ~Marcian (
 20  2,5 |      deposing Roman emperors in the West. In the year 476 one of
 21  2,5 |    barbarian German kingdoms in the West, became wider during the
 22  2,5 |            Wall. Relations with the West. — Following the death of
 23  2,5 |           Thrace, about forty miles west of Constantinople, the so-called “
 24  2,5 |         became widely spread in the West through the Latin translation
 25  2,5 |          which had developed in the West during the first two centuries
 26  3   |          faces from the East to the West, During the period from
 27  3,3 |         forces were directed to the west, where the military activities
 28  3,3 |         army was transferred to the west, the east and the north
 29  3,3 |       delegated them to rule in the West. The Frankish king, Clovis,
 30  3,4 |         main military forces to the west was bound to have serious
 31  3,4 |             Cape St. Vincent on the west to beyond Carthage on the
 32  3,4 |       ambitions of Justinian in the West and took advantage of the
 33  3,4 |             the Adriatic Sea in the west. During Justinian’s reign
 34  3,4 |            between the East and the West in the sixth century was
 35  3,6 |            between the East and the West, between Alexandria, Antioch,
 36  3,6 |         with one face turned to the west, asking for direction from
 37  3,6 |            was widely spread in the West among the Germanic tribes.
 38  3,6 |     struggle with the Arians in the West assumed the form of military
 39  3,7 |           needed the support of the West.~ In spite of this concession,
 40  3,7 |             easy to accomplish. The West was troubled by the fact
 41  3,7 |        Finally, some leaders of the West were of the opinion that
 42  3,7 |            his way at Syracuse. The West did not accept the decisions
 43  3,7 |           recognized throughout the West as an ecumenical council
 44  3,8 |           and military power in the West, especially in the recently
 45  3,8 |        military undertakings in the West, which demanded colossal
 46  3,9 |            the mediator between the West and the East, and kept this
 47  3,9 |           and India exported to the West perfumes, spices, cotton,
 48  3,12|            s external policy in the West, where the Empire did not
 49  3,14|          significant changes in the West and the South at the end
 50  3,16|      instance, in Syria, and in the West in Parenzo, in Istria, and
 51  3,16|     Byzantine mosaics exists in the West in the northern Italian
 52  3,16|        military undertakings in the West, a direct outcome of his
 53  4,1 |              and the Red Sea on the west; in the north it runs gradually
 54  4,1 |        Slavonic settlements. In the West the Byzantine Empire still
 55  4,1 |            strong impression in the West. According to one chronicler,
 56  4,1 |        peace in the East and in the West.”[59]~ During the first
 57  4,1 |         second central point in the West, as had been the case in
 58  4,1 |     transferring the capital to the West was abandoned, and his son,
 59  4,4 |          from the east and from the west.”[88] Very interesting,
 60  4,4 |            of the Aegean Sea in the west were intended to serve as
 61  4,4 |             into legislation in the West by the Germans and in the
 62  4,4 |            found their way into the West and were later reflected
 63  5,2 |            all of Asia Minor to the west, even during the reign of
 64  5,2 |             frequently far into the west, reaching even Nicaea, i.e.,
 65  5,6 |          iconoclasts, turned to the West in the hope of finding friendship
 66  5,6 |          was being forgotten in the West.~ The imperial rank obtained
 67  5,6 |         obtained by Charles for the West was not long lived. During
 68  5,7 |       iconoclasts and turned to the West for aid and protection.
 69  5,8 |          Pious; and even in the far west, in Spain, at the Court
 70  5,8 |          authority in the provinces west of Egypt, and an independent
 71  5,8 |          resulted in failure in the West for the Byzantine Empire.
 72  5,8 |        medieval chronography of the West as the Greek original was
 73  6,2 |            in the north, and in the west with Venice and the western
 74  6,2 |         both in the east and in the west, a very great military task,
 75  6,2 |            these collisions. In the west the Muslims occupied the
 76  6,2 |          the time of Leo VI: in the west Sicily was definitely lost;
 77  6,2 |       Greeks and the Muslims in the west, in Italy, and Sicily were
 78  6,2 |             East as well as for the West, for the Hellenes as well
 79  6,2 |            far as India, and in the west as far as the confines of
 80  6,2 |         Atlantic Ocean.[24]~ In the West the policy of Nicephorus
 81  6,2 |           were exaggerated.~ In the west the Sicilian Arabs continued
 82  6,5 |           beyond this river. In the west the border line between
 83  6,5 |            constantly forced to the west by other barbaric nomadic
 84  6,6 |        absence of an emperor in the West for three and a half years
 85  6,7 |      filioque so widely used in the West. At the last session of
 86  6,7 |            between the East and the West, a break between the churches
 87  6,7 |            papal pretensions of the West. His authority became much
 88  6,7 |          between the Empire and the West, which remained under the
 89  6,7 |           of Constantinople and the West, paved the way for the fall
 90  6,8 |            crusade movements in the West.~ During this period the
 91  6,8 |          Normans were active in the west, the Patzinaks and Uzes
 92  6,8 |              and the Normans in the west.~ ~The Seljuq Turks.~ The
 93  6,8 |    continued to move farther to the west, and the forces of the Byzantine
 94  6,8 |            no aid was sent from the West. Meanwhile, the pope became
 95  6,8 |             strongly throughout the West. The Western Empire of Charlemagne,
 96  6,8 |          was definitely lost in the West, and in the East the domination
 97  6,8 |    representatives of the barbarian West came to the Bosphorus for
 98  6,8 |           the feudal anarchy of the West.”[184]~ On the basis of
 99  6,8 |           of the Crusaders from the West. The springs of progress
100  7,1 |            convinced admirer of the West who had chosen as his ideal
101  7,1 |          the fanatic enmity between West and East, if not planted,
102  7,1 |             and the Norman from the west, and “saw that his Empire
103  7,1 |            key to the Empire in the west. The famous military road
104  7,1 |      Alexius Comnenus called on the West for aid, and among other
105  7,1 |             and Cephalonia, and the west coast of the Balkan peninsula,
106  7,1 |          Byzantine territory in the west as far as the Adriatic coast,
107  7,1 |              and Hadrianople in the west.”~ It seemed that in Asia
108  7,1 |         were dispatched also to the West is shown from another passage
109  7,1 |         drawn up by somebody in the West to stimulate the crusaders
110  7,1 |        demand reinforcements in the West. Alexius’ letter, then,
111  7,1 |          called upon the aid of the West or not. The statement of
112  7,1 |             sending messages to the West, supports the fact that
113  7,1 |            manifested itself in the West. When, for instance, at
114  7,1 |          which struck the Christian west painfully was the destruction
115  7,1 |          the whole of the Christian West would be exposed to terrible
116  7,1 |             eyes were turned to the West, mainly to the Pope, who
117  7,1 |            individual rulers of the West. But Alexius had in mind
118  7,1 |      mercenary auxiliaries from the West gradually developed, especially
119  7,1 |           1091, made appeals to the West, asking that mercenary auxiliaries
120  7,1 |       created by Gregory VII in the West, spread widely, thanks especially
121  7,1 |            by several abbots of the west of France and by a great
122  7,1 |             at large; for while the West was engaged in crusades
123  7,1 |            1095, in connection with west European complications and
124  7,1 |            between the East and the West are veiled in tantalizing
125  7,1 |         called mercenaries from the west, he called them for the
126  7,1 |         account the movement of the West to this country, the result
127  7,1 |            assembled. No one of the west European sovereigns took
128  7,1 |        which he had appealed to the West. Some historians have accused
129  7,1 |           them from the east to the west, on their way home. A rupture
130  7,1 |             John’s relations to the West, there were a steadily increasing
131  7,1 |            s external policy in the West, then, were his attitude
132  7,1 |        personal sympathies with the West, was involved chiefly in
133  7,1 |            deep impression upon the west and evoked renewed interest
134  7,1 |         which with support from the west could ignore the Byzantine
135  7,1 |            the pope. In general the West regarded with disfavor the
136  7,1 |      reconciled the elements in the West which were hostile to Byzantium,
137  7,1 |   preference given by Manuel to the West, which was uncongenial to
138  7,1 |           truth the attitude of the West towards Byzantium was exceedingly
139  7,1 |      Constantinople returned to the West to their own countries;
140  7,1 |          negotiations both with the West and with the East.~ He made
141  7,1 |            blow was struck from the West, when the well-organized
142  7,2 |             begun to incline to the West. After his death, the need
143  7,2 |         acting energetically in the west in favor of the new crusade.
144  7,2 |      between the Christian East and West had been strained. The friendly
145  7,2 |         expedition of the two other west European sovereigns, Philip
146  7,3 |               None of the principal west European sovereigns answered
147  7,3 |          from Constantinople to the West, and Philip of Swabia, of
148  7,3 |         from prison and fled to the West in order to obtain help
149  7,3 |             upon Byzantium which no west European source mentions,
150  7,3 |           the prince Alexius to the West took place not in the year
151  7,3 |     religious relations between the West and East, and tried to elucidate
152  7,3 |          and the German king in the West, as well as forces originating
153  7,3 |            towers and walls, on the west European model; the best
154  7,3 |            its place to a number of west European feudal states and
155  7,4 |          between the Empire and the West resulting from the crusades,
156  7,4 |       threatening the East from the West.~ As regards religion, the
157  7,4 |     influences between the East and West in this epoch, it may be
158  7,4 |     emperors to seek for aid in the West, even at the price of the
159  7,4 |             learned Latins from the West took part in theological
160  7,4 |           rise to dominion over the west and thereupon over the papacy
161  7,4 |           disputes had begun in the West a long time before; even
162  7,4 |         result of the crusades: the West and East began to engage
163  7,4 |           hostile relations between west and east reached their highest
164  7,4 |            mutual relations between west and east are distinguished
165  7,4 |          different libraries in the West and East not a little material
166  7,4 |            in the provinces. In the West, at Venice, the cathedral
167  7,4 |         Thus, in the East as in the West, “the influence of Greek
168  7,4 |       essential part of the general west European renaissance of
169  7,4 |            of Greek learning to the West. Moreover the trade relations
170  7,4 |            of Greek learning to the West. Especially under Manuel
171  7,4 |           of Greek embassies to the west, reminding us of the Greeks
172  7,4 |             at the same time in the West. The twelfth century may
173  8,2 |        coast in the north; from the west the state of Nicaea was
174  8,4 |        their further advance to the West toward the coast of the
175  8,5 |             breach between East and West.”[45] In the person of Henry
176  8,7 |       Bulgarian Kingdom, and on the west by the possessions of Venice
177  8,7 |           the Empire of Rome in the West, — a distinction which might
178  8,7 |            strong impression on the West, where the chroniclers painted
179  8,7 |             senate, who were in the west (that is, on the territory
180  8,7 |             continued to use in the West the extinct title of king
181  8,9 |             letter appealing to the West for help for the Emperor
182  8,10|            of some compromises, the West should recognize the eastern
183  8,11|            their onslaught upon the West, which enabled the Emperor
184  8,13|         censure of the pope and the West in general, they were so
185  8,14|          union between the East and West, remained only a project
186  8,14|           formed against him in the West. The papal support was needed
187  8,16|         amiss to recall that in the West in the Middle Ages Paris
188  8,16|          romantic literature of the West did not appear as a new
189  8,16|             similar to those of the West. Of course, some influence
190  8,16|           cultures in the Christian West, is not to be denied. But,
191  8,16|           thirteenth century in the west of the Balkan peninsula
192  8,16|            and then returned to the West, where he was ordained bishop
193  8,17|           or another country in the West had their own peculiarities.
194  8,17|        generic, the other specific. West European feudalism in the
195  8,17|             of an immunist.~ In the West as the central power declined,
196  8,17|          meanings; similarly in the west the feudal term beneficium
197  8,17|             similar to those of the West and easily adaptable to
198  8,17|             often took place in the West in the epoch of the Merovingians
199  8,17|             counts and dukes of the West.~ The almost permanent struggle
200  8,17|           the feudal anarchy of the West.”[236] An English historian,
201  8,17|           affected feudalism in the West had but little effect on
202  8,17|           into a later age when the west itself had largely abandoned
203  8,17|           the feudal society of the West created long lines of suzerains,
204  9,2 |            the elements of East and West were marvelously interwoven,
205  9,2 |            terrible danger from the West, that is, from the Kingdom
206  9,2 |             the new Emperor, in the West and East, at Venice, Portugal,
207  9,3 |            policy of Charles in the West. The question of Charles’
208  9,3 |    Byzantium came suddenly from the West, from Sicily, where on March
209  9,3 |            their main forces to the West for the recovery of the
210  9,3 |           the situation both in the West and in the East.[73]~ In
211  9,3 |             of the Turks toward the west, the border line with its
212  9,3 |            being pushed back to the west, so that in the thirteenth
213  9,4 |            menaced Michael from the West, from Charles to Anjou;
214  9,4 |      Mongols had pushed back to the West, from the Persian province
215  9,4 |           Empire and set out to the West, ravaging with fire and
216  9,4 |          lands lying farther to the west and south — Thessaly, Epirus,
217  9,4 |           closer relations with the West, adopted Catholicism, and
218  9,4 |        Empire in their march to the west. Finally, Genoese Galata,
219  9,5 |           now by hostilities in the west and north, now by internal
220  9,6 |       onslaught of the Turks to the west. If Cantacuzene had not
221  9,6 | Philippopolis, and advancing to the west, began to menace Thessalonica.
222  9,6 |             spread to the north and west, and affected Italy, Spain,
223  9,7 |          Manuel again turned to the West which for some time had
224  9,7 |       Emperor to go with him to the West in order to make a stronger
225  9,7 |             Manuel’s journey to the West was decided, his nephew
226  9,7 |          the distant islands of the West, to seek aid against them.
227  9,7 |        cultural intercourse between West and East at the end of the
228  9,7 |            seek for the help of the West against the Turks. There
229  9,8 |          against the Turks from the West, with the co-operation of
230  9,9 |         Constantine appealed to the West for help; but instead of
231  9,9 |         standpoint favorable to the West, especially stressed the
232  9,9 |             paradise planted in the West, including all sorts of
233  9,9 |           among the faithful of the West anger, horror, and zeal
234  9,9 |     Christian interrelations in the West at that time. He wrote:~ ~
235  9,9 |      sovereigns who live in the far West can not be attracted to
236  9,10|     international conditions in the West.~ ~
237  9,11|         gain supreme power over the West, i.e. restore the former
238  9,11|             temporal power over the West, so that no union took place.
239  9,11|             Byzantine Empire in the West, but its defense, with the
240  9,11|            of the pope, against the West in the person of the powerful
241  9,11|            not fear attack from the West.[246]~ Neither side was
242  9,13|            in the struggle with the West, but, still more important,
243  9,13|          that time, not only in the West but also in the East, especially
244  9,13|   Christianity. This leaning to the West grew particularly strong,
245  9,14|         crusading enthusiasm in the West. Also, in the opinion of
246  9,14|         Also, in the opinion of the west Europeans of that time,
247  9,15|          political supremacy of the West over the East: in other
248  9,15|          About the same time in the West, after the Councils of Pisa
249  9,15|           would be seen in East and West.”[284] After fruitless disputes
250  9,16|             appealed for aid to the West. Instead of the desired
251  9,17|           libraries in the East and West; in this respect the manuscripts
252  9,17|         Constantinople left for the West.[306] In 1425 many people
253  9,17|             merchants both from the west, for example from Ragusa
254  9,17|           The economic might of the west in Byzantium was ended by
255  9,18|          Platonic philosophy in the West.[386] Plethon’s chief piece
256  9,18|          classic renaissance in the west.[390] But here is one side
257  9,18|         movement then rising in the West, especially owing to his
258  9,18|            teaching of Greek in the West. At the same time, his numerous
259  9,18|      rapprochement between East and West in the Renaissance epoch.[
260  9,18|            classical studies in the West. His Grammatical Questions
261  9,18|           the study of Greek in the West; in addition, his commentaries
262  9,18|            became widespread in the West, and the humanists studied
263  9,18|            Turkish conquest; in the west, in Italy, general conditions
264  9,19|           blew from the East to the West, and the thinking man in
265  9,19|             the thinking man in the West breathed more easily and
266  9,19|            important mission to the West concerning the crusade against
267  9,19|           and then went back to the West, where he ended his days.
268  9,19|          Platonic philosophy in the West, and Bessarion was a man
269  9,19|             Byzantium also gave the West a vast number of earlier
270  9,19|             in large numbers to the West and carried with them the
271  9,19|           Byzantium, created in the West exceptionally favorable
272  9,19| transmitting classical works to the West and thereby saving them