Chapter, Paragraph

  1  2,2 |                     Arianism and the Council of Nicaea~Because of the
  2  2,2 |        Constantine decided to call a council.~ The First Ecumenical Council
  3  2,2 |       council.~ The First Ecumenical Council was called together by imperial
  4  2,2 |              people who came to this council is not known; the number
  5  2,2 |              matters taken up by the council the most important was the
  6  2,2 |              Emperor presided at the council and sometimes even led the
  7  2,2 |        discussions.~ The acts of the Council of Nicaea have not been
  8  2,2 |           all. Information about the council comes from the writings
  9  2,2 |         After heated discussions the council condemned the heresy of
 10  2,2 |             collapsed the moment the council met, withered by the universal
 11  2,2 |          hopelessly crushed when the council closed.”[41] The solemn
 12  2,2 |           solemn proclamation of the council announced to all communities
 13  2,2 |             Constantine’s hopes. The Council of Nicaea, by its condemnation
 14  2,2 |        Arians. A few years after the council, Arius and his most fervent
 15  2,2 |             opposition to the Nicene Council and the cause of the change
 16  2,3 |           this purpose he convoked a council in the year 381 at Constantinople,
 17  2,3 |            church participated. This council is known as the Second Ecumenical
 18  2,3 |             as the Second Ecumenical Council. Of no other ecumenical
 19  2,3 |               Of no other ecumenical council is the information so inadequate.
 20  2,3 |          recognized as an ecumenical council; only in the year 451, at
 21  2,3 |           451, at a later ecumenical council, was it officially sanctioned
 22  2,3 |             at the Second Ecumenical Council was the heresy of Macedonius,
 23  2,3 |              Spirit was created. The council condemned the heresy of
 24  2,3 |       Because information about this council is so inadequate, some western
 25  2,3 |            be the work of the second council, that it was apocryphal;
 26  2,3 |           before or after the second council. The majority of scholars,
 27  2,3 |            the Fathers of the second council, though it became widespread
 28  2,3 |          victory of orthodoxy at the Council of Chalcedon.~ The second
 29  2,3 |            of Chalcedon.~ The second council also established the rank
 30  2,3 |               The third canon of the council declares: “The bishop of
 31  2,3 |           parties represented at the council and was later forced to
 32  2,3 |              from his see, leave the council, and depart from Constantinople.
 33  2,3 |              became president of the council, which in the summer of
 34  2,3 |              at the First Ecumenical Council in Nicaea by their bishop,
 35  2,3 |        period. The Second Ecumenical Council, by proclaiming the Nicene
 36  2,3 |     Christian church.[123]~ In 410 a council met at Seleucia at which
 37  2,3 |           Empire. The members of the council made the following declaration: “
 38  2,4 |             and the Third Ecumenical Council~The first two ecumenical
 39  2,4 |              heretical teaching at a council gathered in Rome. Theodosius,
 40  2,4 |         Ephesus the Third Ecumenical Council, which condemned the Nestorian
 41  2,4 |             followers in India.~ The Council of Ephesus was followed
 42  2,4 |          urged the Emperor to call a council in the year 449 at Ephesus,
 43  2,4 |              is known as the “Robber Council.” The Alexandrian party
 44  2,4 |       Dioscorus, who presided at the council, forced members of the council
 45  2,4 |       council, forced members of the council who did not agree with them
 46  2,4 |        ratified the decisions of the council, officially recognizing
 47  2,4 |      recognizing it as an ecumenical council. Naturally the council failed
 48  2,4 |    ecumenical council. Naturally the council failed to establish harmony
 49  2,5 |                The Fourth Ecumenical Council~Marcian inherited from his
 50  2,5 |         called the Fourth Ecumenical Council, at Chalcedon, which proved
 51  2,5 |          number of delegates to this council was very large and included
 52  2,5 |          representing the pope.~ The council condemned the acts of the
 53  2,5 |     condemned the acts of the Robber Council of Ephesus and deposed Dioscorus.
 54  2,5 |             of the Pope of Rome. The Council affirmed “one and the same
 55  2,5 |              dogmas approved by this Council of Chalcedon, triumphantly
 56  2,5 |        church.~ The decisions of the Council of Chalcedon were also of
 57  2,5 |             the condemnations of the council of 451 and were unwilling
 58  2,5 |              of the decisions of the council assumed the character of
 59  2,5 |           twenty-eighth canon of the Council of Chalcedon, which called
 60  2,5 |             of the Second Ecumenical Council. Following this decision,
 61  2,5 | twenty-eighth canon of the Chalcedon council gave “equal privileges to
 62  2,5 |            and ratified at the third council; it anathematized Nestorius
 63  2,5 |         mention the statement of the Council of Chalcedon in regard to
 64  2,5 |           two natures in Christ. The Council of Chalcedon is mentioned
 65  2,5 |        Constantinople, Acacius, at a council gathered in Rome. In reply
 66  2,5 |            an ardent adherent of the Council of Chalcedon.~ Anastasius’
 67  2,5 |         covering the period from the Council of Nicaea until the year
 68  2,5 |         until the year 451, when the Council of Chalcedon condemned the
 69  2,5 |          religion, the action of the council was followed by the abolition
 70  3,1 |            with the followers of the Council of Chalcedon and by opening
 71  3,4 |           interesting account of the council at which the question of
 72  3,6 |        appear as the defender of the Council of Chalcedon, the decisions
 73  3,7 |             and the Fifth Ecumenical Council~Most important of all, of
 74  3,7 |             Monophysites accused the Council of Chalcedon because in
 75  3,7 |            upon the authority of the Council of Chalcedon. One learned
 76  3,7 |            If the definitions of the Council of Chalcedon are being disputed,
 77  3,7 |           not possible that also the Council of Nicaea might be subject
 78  3,7 |           bishops, having summoned a council, went even so far as to
 79  3,7 |             the aid of an ecumenical council, which was convoked in Constantinople
 80  3,7 |             of this Fifth Ecumenical Council was much simpler than the
 81  3,7 |              time, be present at the Council, but under various excuses
 82  3,7 |              all the sessions of the Council took place without him.
 83  3,7 |          took place without him. The Council looked into the works of
 84  3,7 |       Emperor. The resolution of the Council condemned and anathematized “
 85  3,7 |              74] The decrees of this Council were declared obligatory,
 86  3,7 |          accept the decisions of the Council of 553 until the end of
 87  3,7 |            of religion,”[75] was the Council of 553 recognized throughout
 88  3,7 |            the West as an ecumenical council on a par with the first
 89  3,8 |      Chalcedonians, adherents of the Council of Chalcedon; and the Greens (
 90  3,16|           account of events from the Council of Ephesus, in the year
 91  4,3 |                 The Sixth Ecumenical Council and religious peace.~Although
 92  4,3 |  Constantinople the Sixth Ecumenical Council, which condemned Monotheletism
 93  4,3 |      communication sent by the sixth council to the pope addressed him
 94  4,3 |              in the Sixth Ecumenical Council by sending their representatives.
 95  4,3 |              of Monotheletism at the council, and for this stand was
 96  4,3 |           The decisions of the sixth council proved to Syria, Palestine,
 97  4,3 |              on the Sixth Ecumenical Council lasted very long. Even in
 98  4,3 |              in the Domed Hall. This council was called Trullan,[84]
 99  4,3 |              to sign the acts of the council by reason of certain clauses,
100  4,4 |              of the Sixth Ecumenical Council. This epistle contains a
101  4,4 |              of the Sixth Ecumenical Council and the works of Maximus
102  5,4 |          with the Seventh Ecumenical Council; the second lasted from
103  5,4 |           decree of the iconoclastic council of 753-54 has been preserved
104  5,4 |            of the Seventh Ecumenical Council, though perhaps not in its
105  5,4 |              form. The decree of the council of 815 has been discovered
106  5,4 |            of the fourth century the Council of Elvira (in Spain) had
107  5,4 |           Emperor convoked a sort of council where another edict against
108  5,4 |            highly probable that this council did not produce a new edict,
109  5,4 |          Gregory III, who convoked a council in Rome and excluded the
110  5,5 |                                  The Council of 754 and its aftermath.~
111  5,5 |     Constantine decided to convoke a council which would work out the
112  5,5 |             measures were just. This council, attended by more than three
113  5,5 |               87] The members of the council did not include any patriarchs,
114  5,5 |           basis by opponents of this council for claiming that its decisions
115  5,5 |          opening of the sessions the council was transferred to Constantinople,
116  5,5 |             place.~The decree of the council of 754, which has been preserved
117  5,5 |            of the Seventh Ecumenical Council (perhaps in parts and in
118  5,5 |            of the Seventh Ecumenical Council as an explanation of the
119  5,5 |              unanimous decree of the council made a very strong impression
120  5,5 |           convincing argument of the council decisions, form decisive
121  5,5 |     destruction of images, after the council, became ruthlessly severe.
122  5,5 |           canons of the iconoclastic council of 754 declared by Constantine
123  5,5 |          decrees of the iconoclastic council by compulsion rather than
124  5,5 |             to convoke an ecumenical council for the purpose of restoring
125  5,5 |             to send his legates. The council gathered in the year 786
126  5,5 |             following year (787) the council convened in the Bithynian
127  5,5 |           where the First Ecumenical Council had been held. Seven meetings
128  5,5 |          held. Seven meetings of the council, from which the Emperor
129  5,5 |             bishops who came to this council exceeded three hundred.
130  5,5 |          seventh and last ecumenical council in the history of the eastern
131  5,5 |       restored by the decree of this council. The adoration of holy images
132  5,5 |     disagreed with the ruling of the council were anathematized. Excommunication
133  5,5 |           idols.” The bishops of the council acclaimed “a New Constantine
134  5,5 |              by the iconoclasts. The council devoted much of its attention
135  5,5 |             importance of the Nicene Council does not lie only in the
136  5,5 |   restoration of image-worship. This council created for the iconodules
137  5,5 |           iconoclasts. In brief, the council provided for the iconodule
138  5,8 |      recognized the decisions of the Council of Nicaea and the victory
139  5,8 |            815 a second iconoclastic council was gathered in the temple
140  5,8 |     Constantinople. The acts of this council were destroyed after the
141  5,8 |           Ecumenical Councils,” this council “condemned the unprofitable
142  5,8 |              burning of incense. The council prohibited “the unauthorized
143  5,8 |            ideas of the iconoclastic council of 754, whose acts it confirmed.
144  5,8 |         whose acts it confirmed. The council stated that it was prohibited
145  5,8 |             produce them. Since this council “abstained from calling
146  5,8 |          than the first iconoclastic council. But the opinion has recently
147  5,8 |           than one year to convoke a council to confirm her religious
148  5,8 |             Michael. The acts of the council convoked by Theodora have
149  5,8 |          confirmed the canons of the Council of Nicaea and restored image-worship.
150  5,8 |              image-worship. When the council finished its work, solemn
151  5,8 |             Michael III to convoke a council. Pope Nicholas I, who sided
152  5,8 |             Pope Nicholas convoked a council in Rome which anathematized
153  5,8 |           proclamation of this Roman council, and in a sharp note to
154  5,8 |             Michael’s death) another council was convoked at Constantinople
155  5,8 |             acts of the iconoclastic council of the year 754 have survived
156  5,8 |            of the Seventh Ecumenical Council. Fragments of an extensive
157  5,8 |         proposed at the iconoclastic council of the year 754; neither
158  5,8 |               The Seventh Ecumenical Council decreed that all iconoclastic
159  5,8 |    representing the Sixth Ecumenical Council, Constantine V Copronymus
160  6,7 |               The Constantinopolitan council of 869 was recognized as
161  6,7 |          recognized as an ecumenical council by the western church and
162  6,7 |             pope.~ In the year 879 a council was convoked in Constantinople.
163  6,7 |     According to one historian, this council “was, on the whole, a truly
164  6,7 |           seen since the time of the Council of Chalcedon.”[78] The legates
165  6,7 |          John VIII also came to this council, and not only were they
166  6,7 |              the last session of the council the legates exclaimed, “
167  6,7 |            opening statements of the council, and its sessions were closed
168  6,7 |             the patriarch.”[79] This council also argued that the pope
169  6,7 |            any measure passed at the council which was disagreeable to
170  6,7 |            At the Constantinopolitan council it was determined to grant
171  6,7 |       conferred upon Euthymius.~ The council did not bring harmony to
172  6,7 |             with the decision of the council concerning Leo’s marriage,
173  6,7 |              convocation in 920 of a council in Constantinople, which
174  6,7 |     satisfied by the decision of the council. It is probable, as Drinov
175  6,7 |       Bulgarian arms,”[89] After the council several letters were exchanged
176  6,7 |       monasteries was entrusted to a council of Abbots (Igumens) headed
177  6,7 |           πρωοτος, “the first”). The council was known as the protaton.
178  6,7 |        Michael Cerularius convoked a council at which he excommunicated
179  7,1 | amplification made shortly after the Council of Clermont and was doubtless
180  7,1 |             Pope Urban II summoned a council to meet at Piacenza, an
181  7,1 |        historian remarked, “From the council of Piacenza to the arrival
182  7,1 |            middle France) the famous council was held. At this meeting
183  7,1 |               After the close of the council, at which some most important
184  7,1 |          lost. Some witnesses of the council who wrote down the oration
185  7,1 |       anticipated or realized at the Council of Clermont.~ Therefore,
186  7,1 |              movement aroused at the Council of Clermont, which in the
187  7,4 |              is, the chairman of the council of the igumens (abbots,
188  7,4 |           order of the protaton (the council of the igumens), the convent
189  7,4 |           the first Comnenus. At the council which examined the case
190  7,4 |        examined Italus’ opinions the council declared them misleading
191  7,4 |            II, promising to summon a Council in Constantinople in order
192  7,4 |       prevented the summoning of the council. The First Crusade, which
193  7,4 |               refused this offer.~ A council was summoned by the Emperor
194  7,4 |               A Conversation” at the council between Manuel and the patriarch,
195  7,4 |            chief participants in the council. In this “Conversation”
196  7,4 |           all the discussions at the council failed to produce any agreement.
197  8,2 |       recalling the First Ecumenical Council, an Arabian traveler of
198  8,14|       brilliant victory: the Lateran Council, in 1215, recognized by
199  8,14|              church as an ecumenical council, proclaimed the pope the
200  8,14|        Nicaea several delegates. The council was held first at Nicaea,
201  8,14|            of the discussions at the Council of 1234 is very well known,
202  8,14|              heretics!”[129]~ At the Council of Lyons, in 1245, Gregory’
203  8,14|           was the right to convoke a council, to preside over it as a
204  8,16|              the negotiations at the Council of Lyons in 1274, where
205  9,3 |           Michael Palaeologus to the council, which was to be held in
206  9,5 |              protos, the head of the council of igumens (abbots), which
207  9,5 |         Athos. This large and solemn council was “to ratify and sanctify
208  9,5 |              115]~ First of all, the Council established a Serbian patriarchate
209  9,5 |           recognize the acts of this council as regular, excommunicated
210  9,7 |          results: the king and Royal Council decided to support him by
211  9,9 |              and participator in the Council of Florence, arrived in
212  9,11|              for Michael’s aim.~ The council was held in 1274 in the
213  9,11|              the leading part at the council on behalf of Rome, but he
214  9,11|             bishop also attended the council.[243] The author of the
215  9,11|          went to Lyons to attend the council. But this error was caught
216  9,11|           Greek clergy. An antiunion council against Michael Palaeologus
217  9,12|             that in 1278 an Arsenite council was held in Thessaly or
218  9,12|              to say, the head of the council of abbots (igumens), to
219  9,13|             was decided to convoke a council. The council was to deal
220  9,13|            to convoke a council. The council was to deal with the problem
221  9,13|              also uncreated.~ At the council summoned in the church of
222  9,13|         However, the sources on that council are rather contradictory,
223  9,13|          whether, as a result of the council, Barlaam was condemned or
224  9,13|             with the decision of the council.[275]~ Church troubles continued,
225  9,13|       doctrine was recognized by the council as the true doctrine of
226  9,13|            church. The decree of the council listing “Barlaam’s blasphemies”
227  9,13|        seated upon the throne at the council solving the problem of the
228  9,15|            was the reason why at the Council of Florence the necessity
229  9,15|             convoked the third great council of the fifteenth century,
230  9,15|           the fifteenth century, the Council of Basel, which announced
231  9,15|             not in sympathy with the council. The Council of Basel and
232  9,15|       sympathy with the council. The Council of Basel and the pope, at
233  9,15|          with Emperor John VIII. The Council of Basel and Constantinople
234  9,15|     concerning the place of a future council, the Fathers of the Council
235  9,15|          council, the Fathers of the Council of Basel decided they would
236  9,15|        reformatory tendencies of the Council of Basel, Eugenius IV transferred
237  9,15|          Eugenius IV transferred the council to the north-Italian city
238  9,15|           Some of the members of the council, however, in disobedience
239  9,15|           pope.~ The meetings of the Council of Ferrara-Florence were
240  9,15|               or Blind), sent to the council Isidore, metropolitan of
241  9,15|          quarrels and debates at the Council, which were reduced to the
242  9,15|               who was present at the council. The cathedral of Florence,
243  9,15|          Joseph, who died during the council, with his life-size picture
244  9,15|          bas-reliefs relating to the Council of Florence; the Emperor’
245  9,15|            Ferrara, a meeting of the Council of Florence, the Emperor’
246  9,15|        against the union, and at the Council of Jerusalem, in 1443, the
247  9,15|              Jerusalem, in 1443, the Council of Florence was called “
248  9,15|        validity of the decree of the Council of Florence, and as late
249  9,16|                  The question of the Council of St. Sophia.~ Some scholars
250  9,16|              church of St. Sophia, a council was summoned which was attended
251  9,16|      Alexandria, and Jerusalem; this council condemned the union and
252  9,16|        fragments of the acts of this council but he considered them spurious.
253  9,16|             regarded the acts of the council as spurious and affirmed
254  9,16|       spurious and affirmed that the council itself never existed; others,
255  9,16|     exceedingly interested in such a council, considered the published
256  9,16|           and the convocation of the Council of St. Sophia a historical
257  9,16|             consider the acts of the Council of St. Sophia false and
258  9,16|            of the convocation of the council,[288] although some scholars
259  9,16|         scholars still aver that the council really took place.[289]
260  9,16|             the union confirmed by a council. On the contrary, when he
261  9,16|         accompanied John VIII to the Council of Ferrara and Florence
262  9,18|             of Nicaea, member of the Council of Florence and later cardinal
263  9,18|              act of the union at the Council of Ferrara-Florence, wrote
264  9,18|             He also took part in the Council of Ferrara-Florence, where
265  9,18|             Emperor John VIII to the Council of Ferrara-Florence. Plethon
266  9,18|           presiding at the Hesychast council, and the other to the beginning
267  9,19|           negotiate about the coming council, he arrived at Constance,
268  9,19|              at Constance, where the Council was held, and died there
269  9,19|       accompanied the Emperor to the Council of Ferrara-Florence and
270  9,19|           Bessarion wrote during the council, “I do not judge it right
271  9,19|       century, i.e. the epoch of the Council of Florence, and gathered