Chapter, Paragraph

  1  4,1 |     Jerusalem, assumed the form of a crusade.~ Modern historians think
  2  5,5 |          monasteries and initiated a crusade against the monks, those “
  3  6,2 |            Muslims, undertook a real crusade. He departed with his army
  4  6,5 |             shortly before the First Crusade, when for the only time
  5  6,8 |         which later called forth the crusade movements in the West.~
  6  7,1 |           relations before the First Crusade.~ Anna Comnena, the educated
  7  7,1 |            participator in the First Crusade, sailed against Alexius,
  8  7,1 |        dominion in Greece,” “the pre‑crusade of Robert Guiscard, his
  9  7,1 |          short time before the First Crusade (in the form of an excitatorium).
 10  7,1 |              with the origins of the crusade.” In his history of the
 11  7,1 |             his history of the First Crusade, H. Sybel considered the
 12  7,1 |         source with reference to the crusade.~ Some time is devoted to
 13  7,1 |            Comnenus before the First Crusade. In the second half of the
 14  7,1 |          Emperor. Shortly before the crusade, however, a peace was made
 15  7,1 |         toward the time of the First Crusade had grown considerably more
 16  7,1 |             of his empire. The First Crusade had begun; it changed Alexius’
 17  7,1 |             Byzantium.~ ~ ~The First Crusade and Byzantium.~ The epoch
 18  7,1 |          involved. Even in the First Crusade, which reflected most plainly
 19  7,1 |            plainly the ideals of the crusade movement to deliver the
 20  7,1 |            carrying out of the First Crusade. With every new crusade
 21  7,1 |              Crusade. With every new crusade the secular side was felt
 22  7,1 |           finally, during the Fourth Crusade, this secular standpoint
 23  7,1 |              legend of Charlemagne’s crusade to the Holy Land.” The title
 24  7,1 |            it prepares to reply by a crusade.”~ But the most threatening
 25  7,1 |          appeals, into the idea of a crusade, that is to say, into the
 26  7,1 |            see in it no project of a crusade, merely an ordinary message
 27  7,1 |           question was not only of a crusade for the liberation of the
 28  7,1 |        religious feeling, saw in the crusade at least a temporary relief
 29  7,1 |              the origin of the First Crusade.~ In the eleventh century
 30  7,1 |          eleventh.~ Before the First Crusade Europe had actually experienced
 31  7,1 |           situation before the First Crusade was entirely different from
 32  7,1 |         sterili insanie).~ The First Crusade presents the first organized
 33  7,1 |            participated in the First Crusade, but they joined the main
 34  7,1 |     Caucasian Armenians in the First Crusade. As to Georgia, the Seljuqs
 35  7,1 |               which caused the First Crusade, as Sybel asserted. As before,
 36  7,1 |       crusading armies; he wanted no crusade, but mercenaries against
 37  7,1 |              his intention was not a crusade to the Holy Land, but assistance
 38  7,1 |            itself into the form of a crusade, was the personal work of
 39  7,1 |             more imminent, the First Crusade had practically been decided
 40  7,1 |          assistance in the form of a crusade. When Alexius called mercenaries
 41  7,1 |          Byzantium, the problem of a crusade did not exist in the eleventh
 42  7,1 |             there any preachers of a crusade. For Byzantium the political
 43  7,1 |    interesting lines about the First Crusade:~ ~Do you not remember what
 44  7,1 |           Alexiad, also on the First Crusade:~ ~And such an upheaval
 45  7,1 |        towards the crusaders and the crusade itself. In Alexius’ mind,
 46  7,1 |             Holy Land. The idea of a crusade was absolutely alien to
 47  7,1 |           north. Therefore the First Crusade was an exclusively occidental
 48  7,1 |            introduction to the First Crusade. The unfavorable impression
 49  7,1 |          sovereigns took part in the Crusade. Henry IV of Germany was
 50  7,1 |              Rufus, took part in the crusade, but not for religious motives
 51  7,1 |             Normans carried into the crusade a purely worldly and political
 52  7,1 |              chief role in the First Crusade, then, belonged to the French.~
 53  7,1 |          harm on the very aim of the crusade. Later on, this danger was
 54  7,1 |           feudal pattern.~ The First Crusade, which had ended in the
 55  7,1 |             assumed the dignity of a Crusade.”~ Bohemond’s troops were
 56  7,1 |             in the time of the First Crusade had taken no oaths to the
 57  7,1 |              Manuel I and the Second Crusade.~ ~Relations with the Turks. —
 58  7,1 |          troops. But the news of the crusade, which was threatening both
 59  7,1 |             speculations. The Second Crusade entirely changed the situation,
 60  7,1 |            the Normans.~ ~The Second Crusade. — After the First Crusade
 61  7,1 |           Crusade. — After the First Crusade the Christian rulers in
 62  7,1 |              the forces of the First Crusade, to recover themselves and
 63  7,1 |            the real initiator of the crusade, and its preacher who carried
 64  7,1 |              experience of the First Crusade and had been greatly disappointed
 65  7,1 |           feudaries were against the crusade. Not without difficulty
 66  7,1 |              simultaneously with the crusade to the East there were organized
 67  7,1 |             of adding Germany to the crusade. The German scholar Kugler,
 68  7,1 |             interested in the Second Crusade, considered it as “a most
 69  7,1 |    attributed the sad results of the crusade to the participation of
 70  7,1 |        French and Germans during the crusade was one of its peculiar
 71  7,1 |            success.~ The news of the crusade alarmed Manuel, who saw
 72  7,1 |      participation of Germany in the crusade deprived Byzantium of the
 73  7,1 |              the epoch of the Second Crusade, had also some special reasons
 74  7,1 |              1147 the leaders of the crusade decided to go to Constantinople
 75  7,1 |            pillaging as in the First Crusade.~ When the German troops
 76  7,1 |             whom, shortly before the crusade, Roger had opened negotiations
 77  7,1 |             entirely absorbed by the crusade and his relations to the
 78  7,1 |              Germany.~ Meanwhile the crusade accomplished nothing. Louis,
 79  7,1 |              Roger.~ Thus the Second Crusade, which had started so brilliantly,
 80  7,1 |          himself was glad to see the crusade finished, because now, strengthened
 81  7,1 |             the whole failure of the crusade upon the Emperor; the failure
 82  7,1 |          affected the project of the crusade. Generally speaking, the
 83  7,1 |              Manuel after the Second Crusade. — During the crusade Manuel
 84  7,1 |         Second Crusade. — During the crusade Manuel had already taken
 85  7,1 |      afflicted by the failure of the crusade and irritated at the Greeks,
 86  7,1 |              and was preparing a new crusade which threatened Byzantium
 87  7,1 |              raised during the First Crusade and since never solved.”~
 88  7,1 |              France after the Second Crusade seem to have improved. Eustathius
 89  7,2 |     unchecked by the fruitless Third Crusade, — all this created an atmosphere
 90  7,2 |              beginning of the Fourth Crusade. The prince begged the pope
 91  7,2 |          Frederick Barbarossa in his crusade (1189-1190), narrated that
 92  7,2 |             participant in the Third Crusade, Frederick Barbarossa of
 93  7,2 |        Byzantine Empire.~ ~The Third Crusade and Byzantium.~ After the
 94  7,2 |           After the fruitless Second Crusade the condition of the Christian
 95  7,2 |          hands of the infidel. A new crusade was necessary.~ The pope
 96  7,2 |             west in favor of the new crusade. He succeeded in rousing
 97  7,2 |            the movement. But in that crusade which began so brilliantly
 98  7,2 |              The participants in the crusade endeavored, first of all,
 99  7,2 |             hearing of the projected crusade he appealed to the Muslims
100  7,2 |         modern historian stated, “No crusade had ever had before so clearly
101  7,2 |         before his departure for the crusade, Isaac Angelus opened negotiations
102  7,2 |            Saladin, against whom the crusade was being directed. Saladin’
103  7,2 |              pope the preaching of a crusade against the Greeks. Meanwhile,
104  7,2 |        enterprises in the East.~ The crusade accomplished nothing. Without
105  7,2 |              had suffered during the crusade and of help for Henry by
106  7,2 |        family.” The objective of the crusade which was being fitted out
107  7,2 |    personally the setting out of the crusade. An enormous fleet had been
108  7,2 |              Byzantium; that Henry’s crusade had nothing to do with the
109  7,2 |              the course of the Third Crusade Frederick had been on the
110  7,3 |                           The Fourth Crusade and Byzantium~The Fourth
111  7,3 |             and Byzantium~The Fourth Crusade is an extremely complicated
112  7,3 |          undertaken in behalf of the crusade were mingled with the desire
113  7,3 |   particularly evident in the Fourth Crusade; this was demonstrated in
114  7,3 |              in organizing a general crusade in which western and eastern
115  7,3 |              the participants in the crusade the remission of their sins
116  7,3 |             France, took part in the crusade. Thibault, count of Champagne,
117  7,3 |            the central figure of the crusade was the doge of Venice,
118  7,3 |              beginning of the Fourth Crusade, the relations between Byzantium
119  7,3 |          preparations for the Fourth Crusade, two men were of first importance:
120  7,3 |             spiritual element in the crusade sincerely wished to take
121  7,3 |     influence upon the course of the crusade: the Byzantine prince Alexius,
122  7,3 |             suddenly died before the crusade started. The crusaders,
123  7,3 |              The leading role in the crusade passed, therefore, from
124  7,3 |              beginning of the Fourth Crusade, in Syria and Palestine
125  7,3 |             nearest objective of the crusade was Egypt, under whose power
126  7,3 |            was to participate in the crusade. Thus, the crusade fitted
127  7,3 |            in the crusade. Thus, the crusade fitted out against the infidel
128  7,3 |             beautiful starting for a crusade!” The Zara case dealt a
129  7,3 |             his first victory in the crusade.~ When the pope learned
130  7,3 |            the history of the Fourth Crusade — the Byzantine prince Alexius
131  7,3 |          take a personal part in the crusade.~ Thus was raised the question
132  7,3 |              completely changing the crusade in direction and character.
133  7,3 |         change and demanded that the crusade should not be averted from
134  7,3 |  sufficiently studied, of the Fourth Crusade, the taking of Constantinople
135  7,3 |        special theory explaining the crusade upon Byzantium which no
136  7,3 |          mentions, namely that “that crusade was decided by the Pope
137  7,3 |            the problem of the Fourth Crusade. Their chief attention has
138  7,3 |           change of direction of the crusade. One party of scholars explained
139  7,3 |         western source of the Fourth Crusade and a participant in it,
140  7,3 |         exposition the events of the crusade progressed simply and accidentally:
141  7,3 |              direction of the Fourth Crusade, they had obvious motives:
142  7,3 |              direction of the Fourth Crusade was not Dandolo, but the
143  7,3 |           change of direction of the crusade Riant sees one of the episodes
144  7,3 |              his leading role in the crusade Philip humiliated the pope
145  7,3 |      falsified his conception of the crusade; welcoming the restored
146  7,3 |         Tessier said that the Fourth Crusade was a French crusade, and
147  7,3 |          Fourth Crusade was a French crusade, and the conquest of Constantinople
148  7,3 |           change of direction of the crusade and, like Henry VI, claimed
149  7,3 |          destiny of the whole Fourth Crusade.~ At the end of the nineteenth
150  7,3 |            the problem of the Fourth Crusade in the light of the political,
151  7,3 |        connection between the Fourth Crusade and the history of the previous
152  7,3 |    complicated history of the Fourth Crusade there were in action various
153  7,3 |             no problem of the Fourth Crusade.”~ But among all the plans,
154  7,3 |            the problem of the Fourth Crusade is discussed. Finally the
155  7,3 |              diversion of the Fourth Crusade.~ At the end of June, 1203,
156  7,3 |                A. participant in the crusade, the French writer Villehardouin,
157  7,3 |           and start with them to the crusade, for the western knights
158  7,3 | filibustering expedition, the Fourth Crusade.”~ Taking up the narration
159  7,3 |            ecclesiastics. After this crusade the whole of western Europe
160  7,3 |           throne — the leader of the crusade. Marquis Boniface of Montferrat.
161  7,3 |              the participants in the crusade. “The sharing of Romania” (
162  7,3 |             the Republic. The Fourth Crusade, which had created “the
163  7,3 |         opposed the diversion of the crusade and had excommunicated the
164  7,3 |            The results of the Fourth Crusade were as fatal for the Byzantine
165  7,3 |           significance of the Fourth Crusade for the general problem
166  7,4 |            of the council. The First Crusade, which took place some years
167  7,4 |           Empire.”~ After the Second Crusade Manuel corresponded with
168  7,4 |    especially just before the Fourth Crusade, brought forward the king
169  7,4 |           position during the Fourth Crusade, when the head of the Catholic
170  7,4 |         against the diversion of the crusade, was gradually forced to
171  7,4 |             connected with the First Crusade also required enormous expenditures.
172  7,4 |            events, such as the First Crusade.~ Alexius’ daughter Anna
173  7,4 |      important sources for the First Crusade. Modern scholars acknowledge
174  7,4 |            of the Angeli, the Fourth Crusade, and the taking of Constantinople
175  8,1 |     Byzantine terrirory.~ The Fourth Crusade, which had ended in the
176  8,1 |            received after the Fourth Crusade. “All these Western enclaves
177  8,2 |          short time before the First Crusade Nicaea had succumbed to
178  8,7 |              creations of the Fourth Crusade to succumb.”[53] Having
179  8,13|             Levant. After the Fourth Crusade and the formation of the
180  8,14|       himself,” of a hope to go on a crusade to the Holy Land in the
181  8,14|         would engage in the promised crusade. Secular, political, and
182  8,14|              put aside the plan of a crusade to the Holy Land and Innocent
183  8,14|              to aim at forming a new crusade from Europe, not through
184  8,16|          especially after the Fourth Crusade, when on the territory of
185  8,17|              crusaders of the Fourth Crusade, i.e. western European landlords,
186  8,17|             Finally after the Fourth Crusade they occupied the major
187  8,17|              by the men of the First Crusade.”[238] The Assises have
188  8,17|              time.~ After the Fourth Crusade, the Assises of Jerusalem
189  9,2 |           especially after the First Crusade. In 1261 the Empire comprised
190  9,2 |          days in Italy dreaming of a crusade against the Turks, receiving
191  9,2 |        fifteenth century dreams of a crusade still existed. Andreas’
192  9,3 |             its utility for a future crusade. Moreover, Charles’ plan
193  9,3 |              an adequate part in the crusade to the Holy Land, an idea
194  9,3 |           Byzantium by Louis’ second crusade to Tunis, which encroached
195  9,3 |             as to the origin of this crusade, is one on which scholars’
196  9,3 |        Central Asia on a real Yellow Crusade (Croisade Jaune) against
197  9,4 |             founded after the Fourth Crusade and was under French control.
198  9,4 |              Athos. During the Third Crusade Stephen Nemanja entered
199  9,7 |           Constantinople.[149]~ ~The crusade of Sigismund of Hungary
200  9,7 |              Just before Sigismund’s crusade started, Manuel seems to
201  9,7 |              relation to Sigismund’s crusade, perhaps he pledged himself
202  9,7 |             state.~ After the Fourth Crusade, the Peloponnesus (or Morea)
203  9,7 |        rising of western Europe in a crusade, had not taken place. The
204  9,8 |          Pope Eugenius IV preached a crusade and succeeded in arousing
205  9,8 |             goals, and the idea of a crusade against the Turks never
206  9,9 |        situation and appealing for a crusade against victorious Islam
207  9,11|             repetition of the Fourth Crusade, which had failed to solve
208  9,11|              important question of a crusade to the Holy Land. Now it
209  9,11|        provisions the proposed joint crusade for the liberation of the
210  9,11|              Moreover, the idea of a crusade could not be agreeable to
211  9,11|            the warning of the Fourth Crusade. There was the additional
212  9,18|             aspects since the Fourth Crusade, compared the Byzantine
213  9,19|              the West concerning the crusade against the Turks and the
214  9,19|             interested was that of a crusade against the Turks. At the
215  9,19|              Christian union and the crusade; and he predominates over