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| Alphabetical [« »] byzance 1 byzantian 1 byzantians 1 byzantine 1146 byzantine-bulgarian 1 byzantines 5 byzantinist 6 | Frequency [« »] 1279 it 1252 is 1206 not 1146 byzantine 1066 who 1055 century 1044 but | A.A. Vasiliev History of the Byzantine empire IntraText - Concordances byzantine |
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1 1 | 1.The study of Byzantine history.~ ~ ~
2 2,1 | culture subsequently known as Byzantine. Its center was the new
3 2,1 | became the banner of the Byzantine Empire. Reference to the
4 2,2 | Christian-Greco-Roman, or “Byzantine,” culture. Th. I. Uspensky
5 2,2 | in the later periods of Byzantine life. Thus autocracy in
6 2,2 | government structure in the Byzantine Empire.~ In order to systematize
7 2,2 | bureaucracy. During the Byzantine period the first feature
8 2,2 | titles were retained in the Byzantine Empire. This bureaucratic
9 2,3 | by the Huns, who attacked Byzantine territory and raided almost
10 2,4 | Ephesus was followed in the Byzantine church itself, and in Alexandria
11 2,4 | Monophysitism, highly important in Byzantine history.~ Besides the stormy
12 2,4 | significance in the life of the Byzantine Empire.~ Until the fifth
13 2,4 | subsequent history of the Byzantine Empire the higher school
14 2,4 | far as the ruins of the Byzantine palace known as the Tekfour
15 2,4 | centuries to the enemies of the Byzantine Empire. N, H. Baynes remarked, “
16 2,4 | the Gothic element in the Byzantine army continued to be an
17 2,4 | the Hunnic danger to the Byzantine Empire disappeared in the
18 2,5 | political significance in Byzantine history. The Byzantine government,
19 2,5 | in Byzantine history. The Byzantine government, by openly opposing
20 2,5 | desirability of seceding from the Byzantine Empire. The religious disturbances
21 2,5 | the religious life of the Byzantine Empire. The number of religious
22 2,5 | who raided the borders of Byzantine territory during the fifth
23 2,5 | migrations north of the Byzantine Empire.~ As to the rather
24 2,5 | among them. Theophylact, the Byzantine writer of the early seventh
25 2,5 | barbarians, after robbing the Byzantine population, went back to
26 2,5 | Roman, in this case the Byzantine, emperor. Quite naturally,
27 2,5 | These relations of the Byzantine emperor with the Germanic
28 2,5 | play in the history of the Byzantine Empire. The period of Anastasius
29 2,5 | western provinces of the Byzantine Empire reveals an interesting
30 2,5 | that the European group of Byzantine provinces was responsible
31 2,5 | well characterized by a Byzantine writer of the fourteenth
32 2,5 | standard of style for the Byzantine Middle Ages. His hymns,
33 2,5 | the greatest poet of the Byzantine period. This “Pindar of
34 2,5 | significant contributions. His Byzantine History, which has survived
35 2,5 | which bears the name of Byzantine or East-Christian. As the
36 2,5 | part in the development of Byzantine art. By the end of the nineteenth
37 2,5 | Aïnalov, Hellenistic Origin of Byzantine Art, and the publication
38 2,5 | problem of the origin of Byzantine art has assumed an entirely
39 2,5 | investigating the origin of Byzantine art, contemporary historical
40 2,5 | period in the history of Byzantine art. The new status of the
41 2,5 | of the early part of the Byzantine period exist.~ The city
42 2,5 | number of monuments of early Byzantine art have been preserved
43 2,5 | the First Golden Age of Byzantine Art.[194]~ ~ ~ ~
44 3 | him the first Greek on the Byzantine throne.[6] There is really
45 3,1 | boundaries of the Empire, the Byzantine Emperor protected Christianity
46 3,1 | of external policy, the Byzantine emperors regarded every
47 3,2 | and gifted women of the Byzantine period. The Secret History,
48 3,2 | she became empress of the Byzantine Empire. Theodora proved
49 3,3 | military activities of the Byzantine army were crowned with triumphant
50 3,3 | forced into subjection to the Byzantine emperor. The Mediterranean
51 3,3 | almost converted into a Byzantine lake. In his decrees Justinian
52 3,3 | economic exhaustion of the Byzantine state. In view of the fact
53 3,3 | question reappeared in the Byzantine Empire during the sixth
54 3,3 | were but vassals of the Byzantine Emperor, who had delegated
55 3,4 | humiliating condition that the Byzantine Empire should pay a very
56 3,4 | majestic ruins of numerous Byzantine fortresses and fortifications
57 3,4 | definitely conquered by the Byzantine Empire.~ However, at this
58 3,4 | territories conquered by the Byzantine army in Italy and on the
59 3,4 | Narses, another gifted Byzantine general, finally succeeded
60 3,4 | architectural monuments of Byzantine art have recently been discovered
61 3,4 | completely independent of the Byzantine Empire but even to a certain
62 3,4 | of the sixth century, the Byzantine Empire and Persia, had been
63 3,4 | hostilities against the Byzantine Empire.[30] A bloody war
64 3,4 | time was dependent on the Byzantine Empire. It was only after
65 3,4 | the year 561 or 562 the Byzantine Empire and Persia reached
66 3,4 | important point for the Byzantine Empire was the agreement
67 3,4 | complete possession of the Byzantine Empire, a fact of great
68 3,4 | penetrated deep into the Byzantine provinces, destroying everything
69 3,4 | had begun to threaten the Byzantine possessions there, as well
70 3,4 | Dory in the mountains under Byzantine protection. Under the pressure
71 3,4 | convert king joined with a Byzantine general to force the Blemyes
72 3,4 | really vital interests of the Byzantine Empire. The western campaigns,
73 3,5 | to determine and evaluate Byzantine influences in Justinian’
74 3,6 | also by his subjects. The Byzantine Emperor had the right to
75 3,6 | rest of their lives in the Byzantine Empire in complete peace
76 3,8 | circus factions, came to the Byzantine Empire from the Roman Empire,
77 3,8 | factions, designated in the Byzantine period as demes, gradually
78 3,8 | lower. If this is true, the Byzantine factions acquire a new and
79 3,8 | the barbarians crossed the Byzantine boundaries freely to carry
80 3,9 | traces in the history of Byzantine commerce. In the Christian
81 3,9 | commercial relations of the Byzantine Empire with the peoples
82 3,9 | commercial transactions of the Byzantine merchants. There were at
83 3,9 | the customhouses on the Byzantine border. The sea route used
84 3,9 | along the Euphrates to the Byzantine customhouse situated on
85 3,9 | situated on this river. Byzantine commerce with the East,
86 3,9 | a regular occurrence in Byzantine life, trade relations with
87 3,9 | stuffs greatly in demand on Byzantine markets rose at times to
88 3,9 | demanded primarily in the Byzantine Empire. Unreconciled to
89 3,9 | economic dependence of the Byzantine Empire upon Persia, Justinian
90 3,9 | and through Persia the Byzantine Empire, on the other hand.
91 3,9 | trade relations between the Byzantine Empire and India, Byzantine
92 3,9 | Byzantine Empire and India, Byzantine coins from the epoch of
93 3,9 | there apparently, not by Byzantine merchants, but by the mediating
94 3,9 | Coins with the names of the Byzantine emperors of the fourth,
95 3,9 | of the sixth century the Byzantine Empire played a role so
96 3,9 | trade in Roman money (the Byzantine gold coin, nomisma or solidus),
97 3,9 | commanded in India by the Byzantine gold coin (nomisma):~ ~The
98 3,9 | Ceylon, having admitted a Byzantine merchant, Sopatrus, and
99 3,9 | for the history of early Byzantine, especially Alexandrine,
100 3,9 | are more characteristic of Byzantine art of the period of Justinian,
101 3,9 | art.[105]~ ~Protection of Byzantine commerce. — Justinian made
102 3,9 | made it his aim to free Byzantine commerce of its dependence
103 3,9 | Akaba) was occupied by the Byzantine port, Ayla, whence Indian
104 3,9 | 106] But the number of Byzantine ships in the Red Sea was
105 3,9 | and then resell it to the Byzantine Empire. He apparently wanted
106 3,9 | trade mediators between the Byzantine Empire and India, as the
107 3,9 | inspectors and smuggled into the Byzantine Empire some silkworm eggs
108 3,9 | situation of the empire. Byzantine silk stuffs were carried
109 3,9 | the borders of the former Byzantine Empire astonish the modern
110 3,9 | epoch-making mark in the history of Byzantine art. St. Sophia is described
111 3,10| most cheerless periods in Byzantine history, when anarchy, poverty,
112 3,11| interesting relations between the Byzantine Empire and the Turks, who
113 3,11| interesting proposal to the Byzantine government to mediate in
114 3,11| against Persia, because the Byzantine Empire at the end of the
115 3,11| beyond the Danube invaded the Byzantine provinces in the Balkans,
116 3,11| more successful for the Byzantine Empire because Maurice’s
117 3,11| great importance to the Byzantine Empire it was not concluded
118 3,12| of Slavs remaining in the Byzantine provinces, and they gradually
119 3,12| the Slavs and Avars, which Byzantine troops were unable to stop,
120 3,12| became known as Lombardy. The Byzantine ruler, lacking sufficient
121 3,12| alienation of Italy from the Byzantine Empire and for the weakening
122 3,13| persecution. Relations between the Byzantine Empire and the Roman Church
123 3,13| this foolish tyrant on the Byzantine throne:~ ~Glory be to God
124 3,14| so-called system of themes. The Byzantine authorities in Italy had
125 3,14| face of great danger, the Byzantine government determined to
126 3,14| of the military rulers. Byzantine administration in Italy
127 3,14| serious uprisings against the Byzantine troops who occupied that
128 3,14| provincial reform in the Byzantine Empire which started in
129 3,14| Heraclius, the son, ascended the Byzantine throne and thus started
130 3,15| a situation in which the Byzantine Empire, without actually
131 3,15| period the Avars attacked the Byzantine Empire conjointly with the
132 3,16| internal history of the Byzantine Empire in the sixth century.
133 3,16| introduction of sericulture in the Byzantine Empire and includes also
134 3,16| developed greatly in the later Byzantine period, appeared only as
135 3,16| enormous influence upon Byzantine, eastern, and Slavonic chronography.
136 3,16| cultural history of the Byzantine Empire in the sixth century,
137 3,16| favorite reading among the Byzantine monks, serving as a guide
138 3,16| cultural history of the early Byzantine period.[154] John Moschus,
139 3,16| favorite book, not only in the Byzantine Empire, but also in other
140 3,16| honor and praise of the Byzantine general, John (Johannes)
141 3,16| about the ceremonial of the Byzantine court in the sixth century.~
142 3,16| miraculous details. From the Byzantine Empire these legends found
143 3,16| the burial place of the Byzantine emperors from Constantine
144 3,16| was issued enabling the Byzantine Institute of America to
145 3,16| a museum and monument of Byzantine art. Owing to Whittemore’
146 3,16| excellent conception of Byzantine mosaics exists in the West
147 3,16| administrative center of Byzantine Italy reconquered from the
148 3,16| It was the home of the Byzantine viceroy or exarch. This
149 3,16| the evaluation of early Byzantine art of the fifth and sixth
150 3,16| and artistic life of the Byzantine Empire.~ A survey of the
151 4 | immediate successors on the Byzantine throne form a dynasty which
152 4 | Constantine, his official name; on Byzantine coins, in the western official
153 4 | period, and even in some Byzantine sources he is called Constantine.
154 4 | succeeded in regaining the Byzantine throne, and upon his return
155 4 | of six years (711-17) the Byzantine throne was occupied by three
156 4 | anarchy which prevailed in the Byzantine Empire from the year 695
157 4 | epoch in the history of the Byzantine Empire.~ ~ ~
158 4,1 | main city of the eastern Byzantine provinces. Soon after they
159 4,1 | greatly oppressed by the Byzantine government; hence they quite
160 4,1 | heartily preferred Persian to Byzantine domination. The loss of
161 4,1 | was a heavy blow to the Byzantine Empire, for Egypt was the
162 4,1 | another great menace to the Byzantine Empire from the north. The
163 4,1 | directed it to Syria. The Byzantine victory over the Avars before
164 4,1 | Who could then resist the Byzantine armies? Who could menace
165 4,1 | Persians returned to the Byzantine Empire the conquered provinces
166 4,1 | epoch in the history of the Byzantine Empire. Of the two main
167 4,1 | the early Middle Ages, the Byzantine Empire, and Persia, the
168 4,1 | the Arabs. The victorious Byzantine Empire dealt the death blow
169 4,1 | Avaro-Slavonic hordes. The Byzantine Empire seemed to be at the
170 4,1 | foreign ruler to whom the Byzantine emperor consented to give
171 4,1 | the military power of the Byzantine Empire because of the heavy
172 4,1 | by their attacks upon the Byzantine Empire and Persia.~ Gibbon
173 4,1 | very distinctly during the Byzantine period. One, the dynasty
174 4,1 | tendencies and dependent upon the Byzantine emperors, became particularly
175 4,1 | Justinian, when it aided the Byzantine Empire in its military undertakings
176 4,1 | kingdom, the Ghassanids on the Byzantine side and the Lakhmids on
177 4,1 | yet for the history of the Byzantine Empire during the seventh
178 4,1 | Arabs, who took from the Byzantine Empire its eastern and southern
179 4,1 | to note that at first the Byzantine Empire viewed Islam as a
180 4,1 | with other Christian sects. Byzantine apologetic and polemic literature
181 4,1 | other earlier heresies. The Byzantine historians also showed very
182 4,1 | combat with Persia and the Byzantine Empire in the seventh century.
183 4,1 | the Arabs rushed upon the Byzantine Empire and Persia. There
184 4,1 | the eastern and southern Byzantine provinces so easily occupied
185 4,1 | ready to secede from the Byzantine Empire and become subjects
186 4,1 | of the population of the Byzantine provinces of Syria and Palestine
187 4,1 | kinship to the Arabs, the Byzantine Empire and her army were
188 4,1 | conditions prevailing in the Byzantine army. Numerically the troops
189 4,1 | but the main cause of the Byzantine defeat in the valley of
190 4,1 | main causes for the fall of Byzantine domination.[44] Amélineau,
191 4,1 | class relations in Egypt.~ Byzantine as well as the Arabic historical
192 4,1 | the actual number.[47] The Byzantine army was probably even less
193 4,1 | adjoining the Persian and Byzantine borders.~ Closer study of
194 4,1 | conquests made by the Arabs on Byzantine territory fall in the time
195 4,1 | of Bedouins crossed the Byzantine border. But in the time
196 4,1 | Arabs took possession of the Byzantine fortress Bothra (Bosra),
197 4,1 | simultaneously with these Byzantine occupations, terminated
198 4,1 | the end of the forties the Byzantine Empire was forced to abandon
199 4,1 | Egypt, and part of the Byzantine provinces in North Africa,
200 4,1 | powerless against the numerous Byzantine vessels to which the new
201 4,1 | began their attacks upon Byzantine districts and occupied the
202 4,1 | Minor they defeated the Byzantine fleet commanded by the Emperor
203 4,1 | seventh century deprived the Byzantine Empire of its eastern and
204 4,1 | Territorially reduced, the Byzantine Empire became a state with
205 4,1 | settlements. In the West the Byzantine Empire still possessed the
206 4,1 | southern portion of these Byzantine possessions in Italy, increased
207 4,1 | period transformed into a Byzantine Empire whose problems became
208 4,1 | even beneficial for the Byzantine Empire because they removed
209 4,1 | consideration the data of the Byzantine hagiographic texts, a source
210 4,1 | overlooked or neglected. Byzantine hagiography gives a vivid
211 4,1 | striking picture of the mass Byzantine migration from the borderland
212 4,1 | offensive war against the Byzantine Empire by sending his fleet
213 4,1 | sending his fleet against the Byzantine capital and by reviving
214 4,1 | most trying period for the Byzantine Empire came during the reign
215 4,1 | defense carried on by the Byzantine army was due primarily to
216 4,1 | vessel of the enemy. The Byzantine fleet was equipped with
217 4,1 | aided the success of the Byzantine fleet in numerous instances.[
218 4,1 | peace agreement with the Byzantine Emperor on the condition
219 4,1 | served as the rampart of the Byzantine authorities in this district.
220 4,1 | Arabs came in contact with Byzantine civilization, and that influence
221 4,1 | For two centuries the Byzantine Empire had conserved in
222 4,1 | Balkan possessions of the Byzantine Empire, but they reached
223 4,1 | Aegean Sea, attacking the Byzantine fleet and frequently cutting
224 4,1 | the northern border of the Byzantine Empire along the shore of
225 4,1 | south, entering the part of Byzantine territory which is now known
226 4,1 | formed an agreement with the Byzantine Empire by which, as allies
227 4,1 | the complete defeat of the Byzantine army, and the Emperor was
228 4,1 | recognized perforce by the Byzantine Emperor, became a dangerous
229 4,1 | naturally, a great menace to the Byzantine Empire. In subsequent periods
230 4,1 | had to be organized by the Byzantine rulers against the Bulgarians
231 4,1 | influence of relations with the Byzantine Empire.”[74] “As evidenced
232 4,1 | customs and ceremonies of the Byzantine court.”[75] The major part
233 4,1 | eastern and southeastern Byzantine provinces, frequent Arabian
234 4,2 | Syria, Palestine, and the Byzantine portion of Mesopotamia no
235 4,2 | longer formed part of the Byzantine Empire, for they had been
236 4,2 | for the disgraced in the Byzantine period. He died shortly
237 4,2 | politically important for the Byzantine Empire because it strengthened
238 4,3 | time of Constantine IV, the Byzantine government definitely expressed
239 4,3 | longer formed part of the Byzantine Empire. Religious peace
240 4,3 | definitely separated from the Byzantine Empire.~ It cannot be said
241 4,3 | IV, relations between the Byzantine Empire and Rome became strained
242 4,3 | summoned to the capital of the Byzantine Empire. He was treated with
243 4,4 | of Theme Organization~In Byzantine history the organization
244 4,4 | of the Empire.~ The main Byzantine source on the problem of
245 4,4 | century, which deprived the Byzantine Empire of its eastern provinces,
246 4,4 | its Muslim neighbors. The Byzantine government was forced to
247 4,4 | Heraclius has left some trace in Byzantine legislation. In the published
248 4,4 | During this entire period the Byzantine Empire had not a single
249 4,4 | beyond the borders of the Byzantine Empire; for instance, a
250 4,4 | eleventh century the famous Byzantine scholar and philosopher,
251 4,4 | best secular poet of the Byzantine period.[96]~ Among the chroniclers
252 4,4 | one of the most remarkable Byzantine theologians. As a contemporary
253 4,4 | importance in the development of Byzantine mystics. “By combining the
254 4,4 | created a living type of Byzantine mysticism which reappeared
255 4,4 | considered the creator of Byzantine mysticism in the full sense
256 4,4 | of the limited number of Byzantine writers of the period came
257 4,4 | half of the sixth century, Byzantine art makes itself felt only
258 4,4 | represent splendid examples of Byzantine influence. Among these are
259 4,4 | built in 687-90, is a purely Byzantine work. Some frescoes of Santa
260 5,1 | of whether or not in the Byzantine Empire women could exercise
261 5,1 | is the first instance in Byzantine history of a woman ruling
262 5,1 | period from 717 to 802 the Byzantine Empire was ruled by a dynasty
263 5,2 | accession to the throne the Byzantine Empire was experiencing
264 5,2 | the representatives of the Byzantine aristocracy, which had become
265 5,2 | Leo saved, not only the Byzantine Empire and the eastern Christian
266 5,2 | period of anarchy in the Byzantine Empire, could vie with the
267 5,2 | the Frankish king or the Byzantine emperor) would enter Jerusalem
268 5,2 | Tigris, far removed from the Byzantine border. This made it possible
269 5,2 | front, thus weakening the Byzantine position in Asia Minor.
270 5,2 | agreement was concluded with the Byzantine Empire, which was to pay
271 5,2 | political existence against the Byzantine attempts to destroy the
272 5,2 | most dangerous enemy, the Byzantine Empire. The Bulgarians had
273 5,2 | of over thirty years, the Byzantine writers say nothing about
274 5,2 | Constantine V relations with the Byzantine Empire became strained.
275 5,2 | projects as regards the Byzantine Empire. This offensive policy
276 5,2 | his mother Irene, when the Byzantine Empire after its military
277 5,2 | very serious enemies of the Byzantine Empire.~ ~
278 5,3 | in the civil law of the Byzantine Empire. Leo III saw clearly
279 5,3 | history of the Graeco-Roman or Byzantine law, a period which lasted
280 5,3 | The greatest authority on Byzantine law, the German scholar
281 5,3 | who in his History of the Byzantine Empire considered the Rural
282 5,3 | internal customs of the Byzantine Empire, given weight by
283 5,3 | scholars in the field of Byzantine history, has come to occupy
284 5,3 | have been introduced into Byzantine life by some new element,
285 5,3 | of the fact that in the Byzantine Empire the small free peasantry
286 5,3 | Code with the texts of the Byzantine papyri,[45] but on the basis
287 5,3 | and influenced some of the Byzantine jurists of the tenth, eleventh,
288 5,3 | survival indicates that Byzantine trade navigation did not
289 5,3 | statutes. With the decline of Byzantine sea commerce the Maritime
290 5,3 | and endured as long as the Byzantine government.”[54] Gelzer
291 5,4 | its own.[66] The French Byzantine scholar, Bréhier, called
292 5,4 | influence of iconoclasm upon Byzantine art.[67] Finally, C. N.
293 5,4 | Briefly, in the eastern Byzantine provinces of Asia Minor
294 5,4 | the parade dress of the Byzantine aristocracy. The toga of
295 5,4 | Andreev, the number of Byzantine monks in the iconoclastic
296 5,4 | comparatively small territory of the Byzantine Empire.”[79]~ And while,
297 5,4 | secular interests of the Byzantine state. In view of the fact
298 5,4 | them. Upon ascending the Byzantine throne they brought their
299 5,4 | caesaro-papistic view of the Byzantine emperors particularly prevalent
300 5,4 | the majority of images in Byzantine churches were painted frescoes
301 5,4 | detached itself from the Byzantine Empire and became completely
302 5,4 | Italy still remained under Byzantine sway.~ Quite different was
303 5,5 | upon many people in the Byzantine Empire. It is quite likely,
304 5,6 | his significance for the Byzantine Empire.~ “The coronation
305 5,6 | because it concerned the Byzantine Empire.~ In the conception
306 5,6 | obsolete. The eastern or Byzantine Graeco-Slavic world of the
307 5,6 | iconoclastic measures of the Byzantine emperors and excommunicated
308 5,6 | existence of the Eastern or Byzantine Empire. To regard the event
309 5,6 | between Charles and the Byzantine Emperor had begun long before
310 5,6 | 108]~ The fact that in the Byzantine Empire in the year 797 Irene
311 5,6 | recorded by the years of Byzantine emperors, the name of Charles
312 5,6 | was the attitude of the Byzantine Empire to his coronation?
313 5,6 | rights to the throne, the Byzantine Empire looked upon the event
314 5,6 | force. In the eyes of the Byzantine government this event was
315 5,6 | the official title of the Byzantine emperors, but “imperium
316 5,6 | realized that after Irene the Byzantine Empire would elect another
317 5,6 | unless recognized by the Byzantine Empire. Irene received the
318 5,6 | After Irene’s fall the Byzantine sceptre came into the hands
319 5,6 | that the legates of the Byzantine Emperor Michael I Rangabé
320 5,6 | of supreme power of the Byzantine emperors.[112] From the
321 5,6 | volume of his History of the Byzantine Empire, which embraces events
322 5,7 | first volume of Lectures in Byzantine History, by S. P. Shestakov,
323 5,7 | the Isaurian period the Byzantine Empire lost middle Italy,
324 5,7 | the essential problems of Byzantine history. Careful research
325 5,8 | signifies a new phase in Byzantine culture.[121]~ The revolution
326 5,8 | Nicephorus I (802-11) to the Byzantine throne. According to oriental
327 5,8 | very rare in the annals of Byzantine history. An overwhelming
328 5,8 | political uprisings in the Byzantine Empire were organized and
329 5,8 | surname of “Drunkard.”~ No Byzantine emperor has been so badly
330 5,8 | so badly treated, both in Byzantine tradition and in later literature,
331 5,8 | Michael III “the Drunkard,” “a Byzantine Caligula.” His incredible
332 5,8 | the triumphant phase of Byzantine history (843-1025).[125]
333 5,8 | the most famous dynasty m Byzantine history.~ Thus during the
334 5,8 | It was the first time in Byzantine history that the Byzantine
335 5,8 | Byzantine history that the Byzantine throne had fallen into the
336 5,8 | External relations of the Byzantine Empire.~ ~Arabs and Slavs
337 5,8 | hostile relations between the Byzantine Empire and the Arabs were
338 5,8 | against the attacks of the Byzantine army, was erected from Syria
339 5,8 | were to be found on the Byzantine side. All the fortifications
340 5,8 | of the Muslims upon the Byzantine Empire from the East ceased
341 5,8 | particularly Mamun, resembled the Byzantine emperors in that they believed
342 5,8 | Arabs were promised certain Byzantine border territories. With
343 5,8 | patriarch of the city, and the Byzantine Emperor had to face a very
344 5,8 | his throne.[131]~ For the Byzantine Empire the outcome of this
345 5,8 | offensive projects against the Byzantine Empire. Furthermore, this
346 5,8 | of the ninth century the Byzantine clashes with the Arabs had
347 5,8 | skillful interference of the Byzantine government. The son of Michael
348 5,8 | serious campaigns against the Byzantine Empire. Indeed, on several
349 5,8 | Indeed, on several occasions Byzantine troops succeeded in defeating
350 5,8 | of Melitene, sacked the Byzantine city of Amisus (Samsun)
351 5,8 | intercepted and surrounded by Byzantine troops under the command
352 5,8 | This brilliant victory of Byzantine arms resounded in the Hippodrome
353 5,8 | century (in 800).~ All the Byzantine possessions in the Mediterranean
354 5,8 | reign of Michael II the Byzantine Empire lost the strategically
355 5,8 | economic disturbances in the Byzantine Empire.~ Still more serious
356 5,8 | Still more serious for the Byzantine Empire was the loss of Sicily.
357 5,8 | was to advance into the Byzantine territories in southern
358 5,8 | southwest as Bruttium. In the Byzantine period a change occurred
359 5,8 | then signified all of the Byzantine possessions in southern
360 5,8 | appears as follows: The Byzantine Empire retained Venice,
361 5,8 | politically dependent upon the Byzantine Empire, for they had an
362 5,8 | Beneventum won Tarentum from the Byzantine Empire; thus he reached
363 5,8 | itself and separated the two Byzantine districts from one another
364 5,8 | Apennine peninsula, except the Byzantine territories, was formally
365 5,8 | and direct menace to the Byzantine provinces in southern Italy.
366 5,8 | failure in the West for the Byzantine Empire. Crete and Sicily
367 5,8 | whole, the integrity of Byzantine territory in Asia Minor.~ ~
368 5,8 | territory in Asia Minor.~ ~The Byzantine Empire and the Bulgarians
369 5,8 | extremely dangerous to the Byzantine Empire. Nicephorus, having
370 5,8 | numerical superiority of the Byzantine troops was of no avail;
371 5,8 | Leo V the Armenian to the Byzantine throne, Krum carried the
372 5,8 | Leo V concluded with the Byzantine Empire a peace agreement
373 5,8 | Boris, primarily through the Byzantine captives taken by the Bulgarians
374 5,8 | closer relations with the Byzantine Empire. Greek clergy came
375 5,8 | baptism from the hands of the Byzantine clergy did much to increase
376 5,8 | prestige and influence of the Byzantine Empire in the Balkan peninsula.
377 5,8 | politically dependent upon the Byzantine Empire. Boris decided to
378 5,8 | separation of Italy from the Byzantine Empire. Only the policy
379 5,8 | be sought outside of the Byzantine Empire: in Asia Minor or
380 5,8 | influences were reflected also on Byzantine coins and seals. An entirely
381 5,8 | between the pope and the Byzantine Empire. The final rupture
382 5,8 | parties formed then in the Byzantine Empire; one sided with Photius,
383 5,8 | correct understanding of Byzantine chronography and its sources
384 5,8 | than was usual with other Byzantine chroniclers. The work of
385 5,8 | problems which preoccupied the Byzantine monastics of that period,
386 5,8 | aspirations and tastes of the Byzantine monasteries of the ninth
387 5,8 | formed the basis for later Byzantine arrangements of universal
388 5,8 | history of the Russian and Byzantine art of the thirteenth century.
389 5,8 | most difficult problems of Byzantine philology. It was only in
390 5,8 | writers in the field of Byzantine church poetry.[184]~ The
391 5,8 | only gifted poetess of the Byzantine period. When Theophilus
392 5,8 | the brilliant period of Byzantine hagiography.~ In the time
393 5,8 | higher education in the Byzantine Empire and some advance
394 5,8 | times and adopted later by Byzantine and western European schools.
395 5,8 | intellectual movement in the Byzantine Empire which became very
396 5,8 | influence of Bagdad upon the Byzantine Empire was very stimulating,[
397 5,8 | new stream of life into Byzantine art by reviving once more
398 5,8 | of which were the work of Byzantine monks, testify to the new
399 5,8 | subsequent second Golden Age of Byzantine art under the Macedonian
400 5,8 | attention m the history of Byzantine art.[198]~ ~ ~ ~ ~
401 6 | with brilliant success for Byzantine arms by the second half
402 6 | century. This triumph of the Byzantine Empire was especially great
403 6 | Asia Minor were suppressed; Byzantine influence in Syria was strengthened;
404 6 | Bulgaria was transformed into a Byzantine province; and Russia, upon
405 6,1 | For about two months the Byzantine Empire was ruled by the
406 6,2 | the Macedonian emperors.~ ~Byzantine relations with the Arabs
407 6,2 | only widened the extent of Byzantine territory, but also placed
408 6,2 | Arabs, but in the end the Byzantine borderline in Asia Minor
409 6,2 | handed over their city to Byzantine officials.~ Meanwhile the
410 6,2 | important points in Sicily the Byzantine Empire retained only the
411 6,2 | increased somewhat the extent of Byzantine possessions in Asia Minor,
412 6,2 | restored the lost importance of Byzantine rule in southern Italy. “
413 6,2 | Hungarians) appeared in Byzantine history for the first time.
414 6,2 | Armenia, the ally of the Byzantine Empire, exposed to incessant
415 6,2 | important fortified point of Byzantine Sicily. With the fall of
416 6,2 | after this disaster that the Byzantine government began the fortification
417 6,2 | of the Arabs forced the Byzantine rulers to devote more attention
418 6,2 | result was that in 906 the Byzantine admiral Himerius gained
419 6,2 | 700 Russians.[9]~ Thus the Byzantine struggle with the Arabs
420 6,2 | lost; in southern Italy Byzantine troops failed to accomplish
421 6,2 | forward; and on the sea the Byzantine fleet suffered several serious
422 6,2 | I Lecapenus (919-44) the Byzantine Empire could not struggle
423 6,2 | successful operation of the Byzantine fleet may be mentioned:
424 6,2 | great importance for the Byzantine policy in the East. After
425 6,2 | of the Euphrates by the Byzantine army. During these years
426 6,2 | Russians were among the Byzantine warriors who participated
427 6,2 | inaugurated a brilliant period of Byzantine victories over the Muslims.
428 6,2 | in Italy. In the East the Byzantine troops followed the conquest
429 6,2 | the fall of Antioch the Byzantine troops took one more important
430 6,2 | the agreement between the Byzantine general and the master of
431 6,2 | Syrian districts ceded to the Byzantine Emperor and of those over
432 6,2 | bound himself to protect Byzantine trade caravans which might
433 6,2 | through the marriage of the Byzantine princess, Theophano, to
434 6,2 | recognize the authority of the Byzantine Greeks.”[27] This letter,
435 6,2 | In all probability the Byzantine army did not go far beyond
436 6,2 | of Syria.[28]~ When the Byzantine soldiers returned to Antioch,
437 6,2 | he died early in 976. One Byzantine chronicler wrote, “All nations
438 6,2 | became the main base of the Byzantine military forces in the east
439 6,2 | frequently succeeded in restoring Byzantine influence in this province,
440 6,2 | vassal dependence on the Byzantine Empire.~ Although officially
441 6,2 | southern Italy, and the Byzantine government, occupied in
442 6,2 | Otto II (related to the Byzantine throne) in Italian affairs
443 6,2 | everywhere with pictures and Byzantine brocade worked in gold.
444 6,2 | the eleventh century the Byzantine Empire was confronted by
445 6,2 | the subsequent period of Byzantine history.~ Thus, in the time
446 6,2 | once more formed part of Byzantine territory. This was the
447 6,2 | period in the history of Byzantine relations with the eastern
448 6,2 | the difference between the Byzantine and Iranian rule.”[35] Justinian
449 6,2 | for his struggle with the Byzantine Empire in the middle of
450 6,2 | Arabs, with the help of the Byzantine army and the assistance
451 6,2 | a clearer conception of Byzantine influence in the Christian
452 6,2 | palace on the Bosphorus. The Byzantine Empire, however, was unable
453 6,2 | government. Most of the Byzantine troops who occupied Armenia,
454 6,3 | Relations of the Byzantine Empire with the Bulgarians
455 6,3 | formidable enemy of the Byzantine Empire, threatening even
456 6,3 | and transformed it into a Byzantine province.~ During the reign
457 6,3 | realized at the expense of the Byzantine Empire. Leo VI, aware of
458 6,3 | resistance to Simeon because the Byzantine army was engaged in the
459 6,3 | Simeon’s attention from the Byzantine borders.~ This was a very
460 6,3 | Magyars (Hungarians, Ugrians; Byzantine sources frequently call
461 6,3 | in negotiations with the Byzantine Empire, during which he
462 6,3 | turned his attention to the Byzantine Empire. A decisive victory
463 6,3 | between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire in 904 still exists.
464 6,3 | this time belonged to the Byzantine Empire, now [in 904] became
465 6,3 | between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire.~ During the period
466 6,3 | and threatened that the Byzantine Empire would form an alliance
467 6,3 | severe in 917, when the Byzantine troops were annihilated
468 6,3 | which list the names of the Byzantine cities Simeon occupied.
469 6,3 | possession of the larger part of Byzantine territory in the Balkan
470 6,3 | on negotiations with the Byzantine Empire, and also because
471 6,3 | marriage became related to the Byzantine Emperor. The peace treaty
472 6,3 | very advantageous for the Byzantine Empire. Nicephorus Phocas
473 6,3 | later advanced so far on Byzantine territory that an early
474 6,3 | Empire and rebelled against Byzantine domination. The outstanding
475 6,3 | Samuel went against the Byzantine Empire, chiefly because
476 6,3 | was soon conquered by the Byzantine Empire. In 1018 the first
477 6,3 | it was transformed into a Byzantine province ruled by an imperial
478 6,3 | autonomy. During the period of Byzantine domination the districts
479 6,3 | Ages in general. The Roman (Byzantine) Empire was again raised
480 6,4 | The Byzantine Empire and Russia.~ In the
481 6,4 | agreement. Although no sources, Byzantine, western, or eastern, known
482 6,4 | agreements” made with the Byzantine Empire before Igor’s time
483 6,4 | with the accounts found in Byzantine sources of the presence
484 6,4 | subsidiary troops in the Byzantine army from the early tenth
485 6,4 | serve in the army of the Byzantine Emperor.[59]~ In 1912 a
486 6,4 | and Patzinaks.”[61] The Byzantine Emperor, frightened by these
487 6,4 | Concerning the Ceremonies of the Byzantine Court.[63] The relations
488 6,4 | besieged and took the important Byzantine city of Cherson (Chersonesus,
489 6,4 | baptized and married the Byzantine princess, Anna. It is not
490 6,4 | established between Russia and the Byzantine Empire, and they lasted
491 6,4 | new campaign against the Byzantine Empire. The Russian Great
492 6,4 | army on numerous vessels to Byzantine shores. This Russian fleet
493 6,4 | relations between Russia and the Byzantine Empire.~ ~
494 6,5 | part in world history.~ The Byzantine Empire had known the Patzinaks
495 6,5 | Turks, who began to menace Byzantine possessions in Asia Minor
496 6,5 | very great importance.~ The Byzantine rulers considered the Patzinaks
497 6,5 | was to succeed him on the Byzantine throne. The royal writer
498 6,5 | Bulgarians will be able to attack Byzantine territory, From many things
499 6,5 | the trade relations of the Byzantine districts in the Crimea (
500 6,5 | great importance to the Byzantine Empire, both politically