Chapter, Paragraph

  1 Pref |   literature sprang not only out of Christian life and experience but
  2 Pref |             was something about the Christian experience that drove men
  3 Pref |      covered much of the history of Christian literature as well as of
  4 Pref |            literature as well as of Christian life. That is why he is
  5 Pref |         wrote a short dictionary of Christian biography which he called “
  6 Pref |             and every book on early Christian literature.~And then there
  7 Pref |            in the recovery of early Christian literature. For it seems
  8 Pref |          fill the gaps in our early Christian library. And certainly the
  9 Pref |        certainly the development of Christian thought and life can never
 10 Pref |          New Testament alone. Early Christian literature is an indispensable
 11 Pref |          graduate students of early Christian literature there, in the
 12 Pref |       chapter on the works of early Christian literature that are still
 13  1   |                               Early Christian Literature.~ ~
 14  1,1 |        return but also to the early Christian belief that the Old Testament,
 15  1,2 |            on the part of any early Christian writer? Sometimes it is
 16  1,2 |            had a great influence on Christian preaching — echoes of it
 17  1,2 |             of view of the story of Christian literature, the work of
 18  1,3 |       Coptic, although at first the Christian literature of these languages
 19  1,4 |           degree a history of early Christian literature as well as of
 20  1,4 |             of the student of early Christian literature than the “Church
 21  1,4 |     literature of these first three Christian centuries can be noted with
 22  1,4 |           He begins a new period in Christian literature because with
 23  1,4 |            has come down to us from Christian writers before Irenaeus
 24  1,4 |          mind the continuity of the Christian church.~To a considerable
 25  1,4 |   considerable extent this earliest Christian literature before Irenaeus
 26  1,4 |     products of more self-conscious Christian leaders who wrote under
 27  1,6 |          the contemporary and later Christian literature. And it is true
 28  1,6 |              But the development of Christian thought did not stop with
 29  1,6 |    Christianity, the development of Christian doctrine, and the extraordinary
 30  1,6 |             and reading interest of Christian circles in the second and
 31  1,6 |          and third centuries.~A few Christian books not included in the
 32  2,1 |       Letters.~The earliest form of Christian writing was naturally the
 33  2,1 |            had standardized it as a Christian literary type. This is the
 34  2,1 |   background of all the other early Christian letters, particularly of
 35  2,2 |           but a number of events in Christian history had prepared the
 36  2,2 |          claimed the authority of a Christian prophet writing in the name
 37  2,2 |           find Hebrews reflected in Christian literature, for Clement
 38  2,2 |         also clear; he is the first Christian writer to quote one of Paul'
 39  2,2 |            example of first-century Christian teaching, and it almost
 40  2,2 |            1363), in his account of Christian Arabic literature, speaks
 41  2,2 |      Clement is a noble monument of Christian attitudes in Rome toward
 42  2,3 |           best-known books of early Christian literature — until 1875
 43  2,4 |             which lacks the clearly Christian section in the “Didache,”
 44  2,5 |             in the second century a Christian prisoner guarded by ten
 45  2,5 |             Philadelphia to Smyrna, Christian messengers hurried along
 46  2,5 |         Troas was stimulated by the Christian leaders of Asia — Polycarp
 47  2,5 |       recognized this expression of Christian sympathy by writing a letter
 48  2,5 |         John. Ignatius is the first Christian writer to describe the Docetic
 49  2,5 |        apparent.~It may be that the Christian leaders of Asia, Polycarp
 50  2,5 |            immediate position, as a Christian confessor, a man already
 51  2,5 |         treasures of what was to be Christian literature.~ ~
 52  2,6 |      Philippi, where the Philippian Christian leaders had visited him (
 53  2,6 |          doctrine and in his use of Christian literature does Polycarp
 54  2,6 |      Hebrews, and I Peter, and uses Christian literature much more frequently
 55  2,7 |      position in the development of Christian letter literature.~ ~ ~
 56  2,8 |          them. But about A.D. 130 a Christian teacher, probably in Alexandria,
 57  2,8 |      follows is a bold statement of Christian ethics, the Way of Light
 58  2,8 |           blunt commandments of the Christian lawgiver, with only the
 59  2,8 |           is evident that two short Christian tracts have been put together.
 60  2,9 |          the second century a Greek Christian of Asia, probably in the
 61  2,9 |          and interest in the way of Christian history and tradition, ethics
 62  2,9 |           from all the apostles, of Christian beliefs and hopes. Perhaps
 63  2,9 |          that the growing number of Christian books must confuse simple
 64  2,9 |             in in the fifth-century Christian poet Commodian, who may
 65  2,10|       sporadic persecution, and one Christian leader after another met
 66  2,10|            the account of the Roman Christian Justin, put to death between
 67  2,10|             then inquires about the Christian allegiance of all the prisoners.
 68  2,11|         Justin begins a new form of Christian literature that became immensely
 69  2,11|             important part in early Christian history in keeping Christians
 70  2,13|        marked rivalry among leading Christian centers regarding their
 71  2,14|            kind, written by a young Christian named Besas to his mother
 72  3   |            first century, one early Christian writer made use of this
 73  3   |            as II Esdras was given a Christian preface; then, after the
 74  3   |             century, it was given a Christian conclusion and thus adopted
 75  3   |    conclusion and thus adopted into Christian literature.~ But, in general,
 76  3   |           general effect of leading Christian prophets to write down and
 77  3   |           A.D. 95-l00. Hermas was a Christian~prophet in Rome, who understood
 78  3   |           explain how the repentant Christian should live. They are followed
 79  3   |            free spirit of the early Christian prophets that Hernias is
 80  3   |          Testament, but this second Christian apocalypse shows very few
 81  3   |         toward the end of the first Christian century-the most ancient
 82  3   |            the angel of repentance, Christian ministers were already spoken
 83  3   |        about A.D. 93, was the first Christian apocalypse and was much
 84  3   |            A.D. 125 and 150 a Greek Christian wrote an apocalypse in the
 85  3   |             of heaven and hell into Christian literature. The Orphic and
 86  3   |       sinful men and women, and the Christian writer lays hold of these
 87  3   |           of reflections of earlier Christian and Jewish writings. The
 88  3   |           this long series of early Christian writers, the book itself
 89  3   |          boon to the study of early Christian literature.~ The Sibyl of
 90  3   |           poetry on into the fourth Christian century.~ Hermas, about
 91  3   |             A.D. 100, was the first Christian writer to mention the Sibyl,
 92  3   |          were already introducing a Christian tone into the Sibylline
 93  3   |   combination of pagan, Jewish, and Christian materials.~ They eventually
 94  3   |             by his day, most of the Christian expansions of and interpolations
 95  3   |         third century-the time when Christian hands, having previously
 96  3   |       Esdras by providing it with a Christian preface, were adding to
 97  3   |        preface, were adding to it a Christian conclusion.~ The exact determination
 98  3   |          exact determination of the Christian additions to the Sibylline
 99  3   |             2, and 5 have undergone Christian revision and expansion;
100  3   |             of 8 (vss. 217-500) are Christian compositions; the last section
101  3   |             11-I4, also show strong Christian coloring.~ The Christianized
102  3   |             part in the progress of Christian literature.~ Gnostic writers,
103  4,2 |          Certainly a whole flock of Christian writers soon undertook to
104  4,2 |             The idea that any early Christian anywhere might at any time
105  4,4 |    quotations made from it by early Christian writers and from a few manuscript
106  4,4 |          the speculations of Jewish Christian theology; to which H. J.
107  4,4 |        similar oath, and the Jewish Christian eucharist is obviously based
108  4,4 |               In the third century, Christian opinion in Egypt was evidently
109  4,4 |           for the use of the Jewish Christian sectsperhaps the Ebionites,
110  4,5 |             A.D. 191), is the first Christian writer to mention it by
111  4,6 |          the second century a Greek Christian in Egypt wrote a gospel,
112  4,6 |           Egypt, or new products of Christian reflection. He had no heretical
113  4,6 |          gospels mentioned by early Christian writers. One would expect
114  4,6 |     probably, it was the product of Christian reflection, developed in
115  4,8 |            and II Thess. 2:15, in a Christian sense, in such Christian
116  4,8 |            Christian sense, in such Christian instruction as he gave his
117  4,8 |             moral solidarity of the Christian society was strongly held
118  4,8 |        written in the days when the Christian apologists were dipping
119  4,9 |       Ebionites.~ Among the various Christian sects that arose in the
120  4,9 |           opposition to the gentile Christian claim that the Four Gospels
121  4,9 |         sect.~ Symmachus, the first Christian translator of the Old Testament
122  4,10|           of Jesus led some unknown Christian, probably in Egypt, to write
123  4,10|         most extensive discovery of Christian or pseudo-Christian literature
124  5,1 |                 Religious Fiction.~ Christian leaders of the second and
125  5,1 |        emphasis put on sex in their Christian counterparts is rather more
126  5,1 |    Hellenistic romance recur in the Christian apocryphal acts.~ If the
127  5,2 |            it must have seemed to a Christian elder in Asia-we do not
128  5,2 |           the writing of this first Christian novel, he declared that
129  5,3 |        Commodian, the fifth-century Christian poet, says of God's power, “
130  5,4 |           in popular literature and Christian art; painters and sculptors
131  5,5 |           true exponents of genuine Christian truth and had led to the
132  5,5 |       question that would attract a Christian novelist.~ Irenaeus of Lyons
133  5,5 |      natural enough, then, for some Christian writer early in the third
134  5,5 |             considerable library of Christian books. He shows knowledge
135  5,5 |             entertain and edify his Christian readers with tales of the
136  5,5 |            the support given by the Christian Marcellus to the Christian
137  5,5 |          Christian Marcellus to the Christian poor, as described m the
138  5,6 |           in the third century some Christian novelist, probably at Edessa,
139  5,6 |             222, had developed some Christian Syriac literature with his
140  5,6 |          part of India in the first Christian century; but there is no
141  5,8 |           as late as A.D. 620, some Christian, probably in Greece or Asia
142  5,9 |       Homilies.~ The impulse toward Christian fiction, which had found
143  5,9 |             was no doubt a Catholic Christian, and probably unconscious
144  6   |         about the life of the early Christian communities, although the
145  6,1 |           the very beginning of the Christian movement, hymns and songs
146  6,1 |          begin to see the dawn of a Christian hymnology, and we catch
147  6,1 |          like a collection of early Christian hymns seemed to have survived,
148  6,1 |           of the Tigris, a group of Christian hymns he soon identified
149  6,1 |     revision and expansion to serve Christian purposes; but the Christian
150  6,1 |         Christian purposes; but the Christian strain in them is probably
151  6,1 |           and the combination seems Christian, although admittedly they
152  6,1 |          the second century, before Christian theology had begun to assume
153  6,1 |        imaginative and devout Greek Christian, perhaps of Ephesus (the
154  6,2 |          prominent feature of early Christian worship was the sermon,
155  6,2 |           and I Peter. This list of Christian books with which Clement
156  6,2 |             its value as a piece of Christian preaching from the second
157  6,2 |       remarkably well provided with Christian books-five gospels, the
158  6,2 |          points to one of the major Christian centers of the time, such
159  6,3 |             Hierapolis.~ The oldest Christian writer to give exegesis
160  6,3 |             and talk with any older Christian who came his way who might
161  6,3 |          could learn more than from Christian books. And out of such interviews
162  6,3 |             about the beginnings of Christian history and literature.
163  6,3 |          literature. A long list of Christian writers use or mention Papias
164  6,3 |             that we learn the early Christian tradition about the origin
165  6,3 |           century. Of all the early Christian books now lost, Papias'
166  7   |            was the beginning of the Christian apologetic literature that
167  7   |       written in the first century. Christian gropings toward such expression
168  7   |             22-31. But the earliest Christian book or booklet in this
169  7,1 |            in the Acts as the first Christian preacher, and it was natural
170  7,1 |            and it was natural for a Christian writer, setting up a pattern
171  7,1 |             setting up a pattern of Christian preaching to be followed
172  7,1 |         been the model for a larger Christian apology, that of Aristides,
173  7,1 |     significant as the first of the Christian apologies. It is another
174  7,2 |        early in the fourth century. Christian meetings had sometimes to
175  7,2 |            suspicion and criticism. Christian ways of describing their
176  7,2 |      fragment comes from the oldest Christian apologetic we possess, apart
177  7,3 |       figure of Aristides. He was a Christian philosopher of Athens and
178  7,3 |       Joasaph who is converted by a Christian monk. The monk, Barlaam,
179  7,3 |       begins with an account of the Christian idea of God. He then presents
180  7,3 |             Finally he presents the Christian way, which he strongly commends,
181  7,3 |             a fine picture of early Christian practices and morals.~ The
182  7,3 |          the possession of a larger Christian library.~ The book was current
183  7,4 |                Aristo of Pella; the Christian Dialogue.~ The dialogue
184  7,4 |      Palestine, laid hold of it for Christian purposes. Pella was the
185  7,4 |           as taking place between a Christian named Jason and a Jew named
186  7,4 |             that Jason was a Jewish Christian and Papiscus an Alexandrian
187  7,4 |           upon by a whole series of Christian apologists,[38] beginning
188  7,4 |        toward the recovery of early Christian apologetic.~ ~ ~
189  8,1 |           until at Ephesus he met a Christian who introduced him to the
190  8,1 |             years later he became a Christian teacher, and by 150 found
191  8,1 |             was the most voluminous Christian writer up to his time, and
192  8,1 |            was probably the longest Christian book thus far written. It
193  8,1 |       frequently mentioned by later Christian writers, beginning with
194  8,1 |          dialogue in the service of Christian truth. Not only the bulk
195  8,1 |        philosophy to the aid of his Christian faith, he is a forerunner
196  8,1 |             Apology 65-67) of early Christian worship as practiced in
197  8,1 |         Aristides, he was called a “Christian philosopher,” which seems
198  8,1 |            been a sort of primitive Christian honorary degree.~ But, notwithstanding
199  8,1 |            a Greek who has become a Christian offers a justification of
200  8,1 |       Greeks to follow him into the Christian faith. It is probably a
201  8,2 |            to it been identified in Christian literature. The text is
202  8,2 |           the increasing concern of Christian writers with matters of
203  8,3 |             met Justin and became a Christian, although he was not among
204  8,3 |             interweaves a sketch of Christian views, especially about
205  8,3 |           success, became the first Christian scripture of the Syriac-speaking
206  8,4 |          most dynamic characters in Christian history in the second century
207  8,4 |            bid fair to dominate the Christian movement and to reshape
208  8,4 |         dislodged from its place in Christian worship and replaced by
209  8,4 |      worship and replaced by really Christian books-the Gospel of Luke
210  8,4 |              Passages in Jewish and Christian writings were set up in
211  8,4 |           prophecy was fulfilled in Christian history. In fact, the Dialogue
212  9,1 |             Asia, was the seat of a Christian church before the end of
213  9,1 |             were the first orthodox Christian preachers to make full use
214  9,1 |        Passover, in the usual early Christian way, from Paul down (I Cor.
215  9,1 |  introducing it into non-schismatic Christian preaching (the Gnostics
216  9,1 |       picture of one phase of early Christian literature, the finding
217  9,2 |          the title of his book as a Christian philosopher. Athenagoras
218  9,2 |            than his predecessors in Christian literature. He writes earnestly
219  9,2 |      unmentioned for a long time in Christian antiquity; Methodius, early
220  9,2 |       practically a corpus of early Christian apologies; it contained
221  9,3 |         Antioch.~ Among the notable Christian writers who sprang up in
222  9,3 |          manhood before he became a Christian. Eusebius gives a short
223  9,3 |          the first and only Eastern Christian writer to mention Theophilus,
224  9,3 |       extent of his contribution to Christian thought cannot be determined.
225 10,1 |             Church.~ About A.D. 180 Christian leaders, hard pressed by
226 10,2 |             also one of the leading Christian writers of his day, and
227 10,2 |             had presented the sound Christian position as he understood
228 10,2 |         unbroken tradition of sound Christian teaching and so should,
229 10,2 |        appealed to its tradition of Christian truth through an unbroken
230 10,2 |         Irenaeus also appealed to a Christian scripture, not only an Old
231 10,2 |         fact, Irenaeus is the first Christian writer who can be shown
232 10,2 |           the positive statement of Christian views that forms more than
233 10,2 |           book reveals developer of Christian thought.~ It is a curious
234 10,3 |             to give the intelligent Christian a summary of the Christian
235 10,3 |          Christian a summary of the Christian positions and the grounds
236 10,3 |        Martyr but shows the advance Christian thought was making in the
237 10,3 | corresponded with most of the other Christian leaders of his day on this
238 10,3 |            serve the study of early Christian literature to find any one
239 10,4 |               Luke's two volumes on Christian beginnings had pointed the
240 10,4 |             pointed the way for the Christian historian, but for a long
241 10,4 |           Probably he was a gentile Christian of Syria. He traveled from
242 10,4 |        prove the superior claims of Christian apostolic tradition against
243 10,4 |      Hegesippus gives a list of the Christian sects and describes the
244 10,4 |    especially valuing the pieces of Christian Palestinian tradition that
245 10,4 |         made use of his work in his Christian History, written about A.D.
246 10,4 |           name a lost book of early Christian literature that would be
247 11,1 |                           The First Christian School.~ The first school
248 11,1 |           converts from paganism in Christian truth. Just when it was
249 11,1 |         rather than a writer in the Christian cause. To this school came
250 11,2 |    philosophers as a proper part of Christian studies (Church History
251 11,3 |        classics exceeds that of any Christian writer before him, and of
252 11,3 |          background against which a Christian morality was being developed.
253 11,3 |           and decency are to be the Christian practice. Clement shows
254 11,3 |     practice. Clement shows how the Christian is to dress, walk, talk,
255 11,3 |            It marks another step in Christian hymnology already being
256 11,3 |           he abandoned the types of Christian writing that had been customary
257 11,3 |   liberality was illustrated in his Christian scripture, to which he admitted
258 12,1 |             Origen was the greatest Christian scholar and the most prolific
259 12,1 |       scholar and the most prolific Christian writer of antiquity. Epiphanius
260 12,1 |            184-85. His father was a Christian teacher and suffered martyrdom
261 12,1 |          only for showing one early Christian publishing house actually
262 12,3 |             force in every field of Christian literature. Besides pioneering
263 12,3 |         ancients, pagan, Jewish, or Christian, he made much use of allegory
264 12,4 |           toward the formulation of Christian theology, even though to
265 12,4 |          appears 'a more Greek than Christian. In this work he followed
266 12,4 |          bring Greek philosophy and Christian teaching together. Unfortunately,
267 12,4 |         Martyrdom, addressed to two Christian leaders, urging them not
268 12,5 |            Judaism had to find with Christian teaching and then the faults
269 12,5 |           Celsus' objections to the Christian views and claims of his
270 12,5 |  characterized as the peak of early Christian apologetic. Against Celsus
271 12,6 |          full use, in advancing the Christian cause, of all that Greek
272 12,6 |            the masterpiece of early Christian apologetic.~ ~
273 12,7 |          about them the most famous Christian library of antiquity, so
274 12,7 |             be called the father of Christian theology and the founder
275 13,3 |           in Daniel, symbolized the Christian church, threatened by Jews,
276 13,4 |        against the claim of a Roman Christian, perhaps a presbyter, named
277 13,5 |            not neglect the field of Christian doctrine. Perhaps the earliest
278 13,8 |      Hippolytus knew numerous other Christian writings from the first
279 13,8 |            of Paul. He is the first Christian writer to reflect II Peter,
280 13,8 |             valiantly to hammer out Christian views of morals, practice,
281 13,8 |         substantial contribution to Christian development. Further discoveries
282 13,9 |             been called the root of Christian chronography and has proved
283 13,9 |         that here was a man, in the Christian church, on friendly terms
284 13,9 |      emperors, keenly interested in Christian history and prophecy, and
285 13,9 |     literary questions in pagan and Christian literature alike.~ ~
286 13,10|           intellectual sides of the Christian faith. He was a vigorous
287 13,11|             wise, sincere, and able Christian leader in the trying times
288 13,11|             the lost works of early Christian literature not only the
289 13,15|     significant as one of the first Christian opponents of Porphyry (whose
290 13,15|      discourses on virginity by ten Christian virgins; it is partly modeled
291 13,15|           the Banquet, show us that Christian literary culture was not
292 14   |                               Latin Christian Writers.~
293 14,1 |                                     Christian Latin.~ In the latter part
294 14,2 |           he returned to Carthage a Christian. Jerome says he became a
295 14,2 |           he threw himself into the Christian cause with tremendous vigor,
296 14,2 |              The heroic behavior of Christian martyrs deeply impressed
297 14,3 |   Tertullian's main contribution to Christian defense literature, and
298 14,4 |             character, dealing with Christian morality and true Christian
299 14,4 |         Christian morality and true Christian behavior in situations of
300 14,4 |              Tertullian defends the Christian soldier who refuses to wear
301 14,5 |             calls the first book on Christian psychology.~ ~
302 14,6 |            faithful depositories of Christian tradition, naturally directed
303 14,6 |           about his effort to put a Christian scripture consisting of
304 14,6 |             up most of the Bible of Christian churches. Other polemic
305 14,6 |             to 202. He had become a Christian probably by A.D. 195, perhaps
306 14,6 |        which he thought essentially Christian by nature and itself a witness
307 14,6 |       forbidding anyone to become a Christian, marks a shift in Tertullian'
308 14,6 |         Book iii he argued that the Christian movement does not contradict
309 14,7 |             these two are the first Christian Fathers of whom this can
310 14,7 |          Tertullian also knew early Christian literature very well, espe.
311 14,9 |       problem in the field of early Christian literature has been more
312 14,9 |             frankness, and then the Christian side is just as unsparingly
313 14,10|            came in contact with the Christian forces ther His discussion
314 14,10|             complete extinction the Christian movement. It ushered in
315 14,11|        great deal of writing in the Christian cause. The collection of
316 14,11|          amazingly clear picture of Christian thought and action in Cyprian'
317 14,11|           on the whole, considerate Christian man. For the history of
318 14,12|          were calculated to fortify Christian believers in the midst of
319 14,12|             series of statements of Christian truth following each with
320 14,12|     explains what drove him to be a Christian and describes the conditions
321 14,12|    satisfaction he had found in the Christian faith. It was evidently
322 14,13|           he was the earliest Latin Christian writer, but Koch has placed
323 14,15|       Novation of Rome.~ The ablest Christian leader at Rome in Cyprian'
324 14,15|          they could never return to Christian fellowship. From this doctrine
325 14,16|       should he shown what the true Christian positions were, as established
326 14,16|         were, as established by the Christian scriptures and the tradition
327 14,16|             terms of belief to be a Christian: to believe in God the Father,
328 14,17|           but many a better work of Christian literature has fared even
329 14,18|          written before he became a Christian, was his Symposium, or Banquet,
330 14,18|       Grammar.~ Whether he became a Christian before or after he left
331 14,20|    understandable if not altogether Christian relsh the dreadful ends
332 14,20|           it clearly belongs to his Christian period. It was later imitated
333 14,20|     weakness, and he was called the Christian Cicero.~ ~
334 14,21|         modern Pettau in Styria), a Christian bishop named Victorinus,
335 15   |                  Eusebius and Early Christian Literature.~The literature
336 15   |        Testament and the Old, early Christian literature consists of a
337 15,1 |            a partly legible list of Christian books in the library of
338 15,2 |      himself and listed some of the Christian writings he found there-works
339 15,2 |         large a collection of early Christian literature as could be obtained.
340 15,3 |             more a history of early Christian literature than a real history
341 15,3 |       writings of about thirty-five Christian authors, in addition to
342 15,3 |           12).~ When he reaches the Christian teachers of Alexandria he
343 15,3 |        passages from the meadows of Christian literature (thus producing
344 15,3 |       concerned with the history of Christian thought. When he says that
345 15,4 |          Jewish writers and earlier Christian apologists), and along the
346 15,4 |           several of the Jewish and Christian wettings he had used in
347 15,4 |      Alexandria, not to mention the Christian writing by “Maximus” (Methodius).
348 15,4 | philosophical schools than were his Christian materials. They reflect
349 15,4 |             the writings of various Christian schools with those derived
350 15,4 |             information about early Christian literature to Eusebius we
351 15,4 |        include small collections of Christian documents copied and recopied
352 15,4 |          found.~ The study of early Christian literature has a significant
353 15,4 |    non-theological. The relation of Christian literature to the non-Christian
354 16   |             The Lost Books of Early Christian Literature.~With the conversion
355 16   |             production in the first Christian centuries had reached a
356 16   |          preserving either pagan or Christian literature, both of which
357 16   |             the tragic losses early Christian literature has sustained.
358 16   |            to the use of the fish a Christian symbol.~  [9] W. C. Till,
359 16   |          the Jew and Theophilus the Christian, a fifth century work, by
360 16   |             on particular points of Christian belief arose very early