Chapter XII.-The Cross of Christ Frequently Announced in the Old Testament.

In like manner He points to the cross of Christ in another prophet, who saith,¹⁶² "And when shall these things be accomplished? And the Lord saith, When a tree shall be bent down, and again arise, and when blood shall flow out of wood."¹⁶³ Here again you have an intimation concerning the cross, and Him who should be crucified. Yet again He speaks of this¹⁶⁴ in Moses, when Israel was attacked by strangers. And that He might remind them, when assailed, that it was on account of their sins they were delivered to death, the Spirit speaks to the heart of Moses, that he should make a figure of the cross,¹⁶⁵ and of Him about to suffer thereon; for unless they put their trust in Him, they shall be overcome for ever. Moses therefore placed one weapon above another in the midst of the hill,¹⁶⁶ and standing upon it, so as to be higher than all the people, he stretched forth his hands,¹⁶⁷ and thus again Israel acquired the mastery. But when again he let down his hands, they were again destroyed. For what reason? That they might know that they could not be saved unless they put their trust in Him.¹⁶⁸ And in another prophet He declares, "All day long I have stretched forth My hands to an unbelieving people, and one that gainsays My righteous way."¹⁶⁹ And again Moses makes a type of Jesus, [signifying] that it was necessary for Him to suffer, [and also] that He would be the author of life¹⁷⁰ [to others], whom they believed to have destroyed on the cross¹⁷¹ when Israel was failing. For since transgression was committed by Eve through means of the serpent, [the Lord] brought it to pass that every [kind of] serpents bit them, and they died,¹⁷² that He might convince them, that on account of their transgression they were given over to the straits of death. Moreover Moses, when he commanded, "Ye shall not have any graven or molten [image] for your God,"¹⁷³ did so that he might reveal a type of Jesus. Moses then makes a brazen serpent, and places it upon a beam,¹⁷⁴ and by proclamation assembles the people. When, therefore, they were come together, they besought Moses that he would offer sacrifice¹⁷⁵ in their behalf, and pray for their recovery. And Moses spake unto them, saying, "When any one of you is bitten, let him come to the serpent placed on the pole; and let him hope and believe, that even though dead, it is able to give him life, and immediately he shall be restored."¹⁷⁶ And they did so. Thou hast in this also [an indication of] the glory of Jesus; for in Him and to Him are all things.¹⁷⁷ What, again, says Moses to Jesus (Joshua) the son of Nave, when he gave him¹⁷⁸ this name, as being a prophet, with this view only, that all the people might hear that the Father would reveal all things concerning His Son Jesus to the son¹⁷⁹ of Nave? This name then being given him when he sent him to spy out the land, he said, "Take a book into thy hands, and write what the Lord declares, that the Son of God will in the last days cut off from the roots all the house of Amalek."¹⁸⁰ Behold again: Jesus who was manifested, both by type and in the flesh,¹⁸¹ is not the Son of man, but the Son of God. Since, therefore, they were to say that Christ was the son¹⁸² of David, fearing and understanding the error of the wicked, he saith, "The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit at My right hand, until I make Thine enemies Thy footstool."¹⁸³ And again, thus saith Isaiah, "The Lord said to Christ,¹⁸⁴ my Lord, whose right hand I have holden,¹⁸⁵ that the nations should yield obedience before Him; and I will break in pieces the strength of kings."¹⁸⁶ Behold how David calleth Him Lord and the Son of God.