Canon 1402

1. Every contrary custom being reprobated, a canonical penalty

must be imposed through a penal trial prescribed in cann. 1468-1482, without prejudice to the coercive power of the judge in the

instances mentioned expressly in the law. 2. If, however, in

the judgment of the authority spoken of in 3, there are weighty

reasons precluding a penal trial, and the proofs of the offense

are certain, the offense can be punished by an extra-judicial

decree in accordance with cann. 1486 and 1487, as long as it is

not a case of a deprivation of office, title, insignia or a suspension for more than one year, demotion to a lower grade, deposition or major excommunication. 3. Besides the Apostolic See,

such a decree can be issued, within the limits of their competence, by the patriarch, major archbishop, eparchial bishop and

the major superior of an institute of consecrated life who enjoys

ordinary governing power, all others being excluded.