Canon 1406

1. To the extent that someone can impose precepts, he can, after mature reflection and with utmost moderation, threaten by

precept determinate penalties, with the exception of those enumerated in can. 1402, 2. The patriarch, however, can threaten

even these penalties by precept with the consent of the permanent

synod. 2. A warning containing the threat of penalties by

which the hierarch sanctions a non-penal law in individual cases,

is equivalent to a penal precept.