Canon 1139

1. A party can freely appoint a personal procurator and advocate; however the party can petition and respond personally unless the judge has decided that the services of a procurator or

an advocate are necessary. 2. The accused, however, in a penal

trial must always have an advocate either appointed by the accused or given by the judge. 3. In a contentious trial which

involves minors or a case in which a public good is called into

question, except for marriage cases, the judge is to appoint ex

officio an advocate for a party who lacks one.