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Book
1 1| be considereda fool. ~ ~16. Now, while Erasistratus
2 1| indulges inshameless lying. ~ ~17. Now such of the younger
3 1| thus filling the whole abdominal cavity and thorax withwater? "
4 1| has the power to expand abody in all directions so that
5 3| peristaltic function has been abolished. If, again, in another animal,
6 3| delivery or parturition. Now abortifacient drugs or certain other conditions
7 3| membranes are followed by abortion, and similarly also when
8 1| countenanceby any of the above-mentioned considerations, he even
9 1| maintain that the parts abovethe kidneys receive pure blood,
10 2| remains inoperative in the absence of its proper material),
11 3| filled with the food and has absorbed and stored away the most
12 3| cavity of the veins will be abstracted by the part which is stronger
13 1| secretion.Here let us forget the absurdities of Asclepiades, and, in
14 2| while I, for my part, being abundantly equipped with terms which
15 2| these two, neither perforce accepting these arguments as true
16 1| nutritive faculties are accessory - in fact, act asits handmaids.
17 2| heat. But if it is not by accident that the abnormal heat impairs
18 2| bubo develops following an accidental wound gastric digestion
19 2| philosophers. Now, in so far as he acclaims Nature as being an artist
20 1| simple statement, but with an accompanying demonstration.I have, however,
21 1| former. For they must all be accomplishedin one and the same way, even
22 1| respect, performingof her own accord and without any teaching
23 1| learninghow his theory accounts for the presence of urine
24 3| uteri is closed with perfect accuracy, but if it dies, the os
25 2| the Peripatetics had no accurate acquaintance with Nature,
26 1| escape many and frequent accusations, but who, later,when caught
27 1| which the bulk of peopleare accustomed to use, and we say that
28 1| unless they already possess acertain community and affinity in
29 2| have called it corrosive or acetose, because it also becomes
30 3| however, unaware that I shall achieve either nothing at all or
31 1| connected with the purpose to be achieved.~ ~11. Let us once more,
32 2| had its quality changed to acid. There is no need, however,
33 3| Further, it will be found acknowledged in Erasistratus's own writings
34 1| following its birth and untilthe acme is reached, the faculty
35 1| substance so altered may acquire its appropriate shape and
36 1| to such an extent that it acquiresa certain consistency and
37 2| extended in all directions and acquiring nourishment throughout its
38 | across
39 1| waste matters, asalso the actions of cathartic drugs. ~ ~Asclepiades,
40 2| touching his material, and then activated these in connection with
41 1| is the name I give to the activechange or motion, and the cause
42 1| causes of the various special activitiesto these principles, and he
43 1| worked up into it, this activityis nutrition, and its cause
44 1| rid of substances which actuallyhelp to increase the disease;
45 1| is presented, and next it adheres, and becomes completely
46 1| ever was, once got into adiscussion with me on this subject;
47 2| although we did not hesitate to adjudicate in their quarrel and to
48 2| For if the yellow bile adjusts itself to the narrower vessels
49 3| irritants (e.g., in the administration of purgative drugs or in
50 1| Nature effects, expresses his admiration of her,and is constantly
51 1| againthe same way,- instead of admiring Nature's artistic skill -
52 1| vapours, whilethe bladder admits them." Yet if he had ever
53 3| channel by which it was admitted just before. Do you, then,
54 3| And when he reaches early adolescence he must become possessed
55 1| whichever alternativeis adopted. For, if they do rebound,
56 3| Erasistratus, however, advanced nothing against these or
57 3| and tends towards what is advantageous and proper to it, it loathes
58 2| will no longer need the adventitious flow of other blood from
59 2| actually seize their victorious adversaries by the necks and prevent
60 2| the subject, and should advise those who reduce the vessel
61 2| Hippocrates not improperly advised those who were naturally
62 1| is operating, we call it afaculty. Thus we say that there
63 1| possess acertain community and affinity in their qualities, therefore,
64 2| through the indications afforded by its nature, and others
65 1| argument with the illustration affordedby corn? For those who refuse
66 2| Now all these points, affording as they do the greatest
67 3| the canal of the uterus affords an entrance to the semen
68 1| mingling, as Zeno of Citium afterwardsdeclared, I do not think it necessary
69 1| pieces of iron, from them againothers, from these others, and
70 1| and others black, some againphlegm, and others the thin and
71 1| but is unable to go back againthe same way,- instead of admiring
72 2| undergoing alteration through the agency of its contained heat. Imagine
73 2| the year, and, as regards ages, mainly after the prime
74 1| acquired thatviscous and agglutinative quality which results from
75 1| body, but generates it, it aggravatesthe condition further. Moreover,
76 1| left, and which shake and agitatethem and never let them rest.
77 2| addition - as is, again, agreeable to Erasistratus himself. ~
78 1| absurdity, that even if it be agreedthat all the watery fluid does
79 2| cannot be blamed for not agreeing with all these great men,
80 2| But Erasistratus himself agrees that human beings digest
81 1| was able to cure a kidney ailment, norjaundice, nor a disease
82 3| then, of those who are aiming at truth, we must complete
83 3| foreign to it. ~ But if it aims at and attracts its food
84 2| tending to be light and air-like and the other to be heavy
85 3| by nature and in all men alike, the heart is stronger than
86 2| equally important whether the aliment be imperfectly chylified
87 1| If, as Epicurus thinks, allattraction takes place by virtue of
88 1| matters were expelled, then alldrugs which disperse inflammations
89 2| discussed the kidneys - alleging [as the cause of bile-secretion]
90 3| digestion can be said to be allied to boiling, and also that
91 1| thickness and thinness; allof these have been duly mentioned
92 1| superfluity; he held that allthe substances evacuated were
93 1| the first place dispersed allthrough this part, next it is presented,
94 1| becomes entangled with another alsoin motion, they do not rebound
95 1| is of this kind as well, alsothat of the spleen, that of the
96 1| Therefore, the former kind of alterationhas with reason been termed
97 1| an alteration, but not an alterationlike that occurring at the stage
98 1| mother. Thus the special alterativefaculties in each animal are of the
99 1| it is nonsense, whichever alternativeis adopted. For, if they do
100 1| faculty of the kidneys. Now, althoughErasistratus knew that this faculty most
101 1| nourishment from grass, althoughthis is possible for cattle,
102 1| indicative of peristalsis that alwayswhen the upper parts of the gullet
103 2| had a fall, he is like the amateur wrestlers, who, when they
104 1| refuted by its absurdity. As amatter of fact, I have seen five
105 1| lodestone, and chaff by amber. He even tries to give the
106 2| how should we be able to ameliorate them? ~ Therefore it is
107 1| of the kidneys! Now, the amountof urine passed every day shows
108 3| food, a small gullet, and ample mouth proportions - in these,
109 2| nomenclature have also been amply done justice to by Plato.
110 3| physiologist must discover an analogy. For since it was shown
111 1| solution having such and such anappearance, which did not exist as
112 1| dropsy which some peoplecall anasarca clearly distinguishes presentation
113 3| dilate, while those which anastomose at any point with the veins
114 2| structures, he has little more anatomical knowledge than a butcher,
115 3| of this kind nor why the anatomists are at variance regarding
116 1| are given. Others (such as Anaxagoras)will have it that the qualities
117 1| brilliant refutation of the ancientdoctrine, or that, on the other hand,
118 1| any of the parts of the animalis emitted from the vessels,
119 1| drugs also which draw out animalpoisons or poisons applied to arrows
120 1| and through sensation, and animalsare steered by certain images
121 1| there occur in the bodies of animalsthe dispersal of nutriment and
122 2| Why do you confuse us by announcing that you are investigating
123 3| to relieve itself of its annoyance, or else because it is irritated
124 1| bile is evacuated, and in anold man more phlegm? Obviously
125 1| the kidneys? Theyhave not answered the question which was asked;
126 3| enquiries from time to time, she answers that the size of the dilatation
127 1| observed fact; or if in answerto Epicurus, his discordance
128 1| I fail to understand how anybody could believe this. Even
129 1| waiting to learn anything from anybodyelse. And there are some of them,
130 1| derive nourishment from anykind of food, and secondly, even
131 1| heavy, what plausibility can anyonefind in the statement that it
132 1| suffering from dropsy. Now, if anyonewill but test this for himself
133 1| believe that there exists in anypart of the animal a faculty
134 1| obviously becomes blood; (at anyrate, if a man takes no other
135 1| this person is not saying anythingelse, although his language is
136 1| all round, it does not let anythingout at any point, but accurately
137 1| blood, nor do their coats in anyway resemble those of veins;
138 | anywhere
139 1| in enquiries that are of anyworth, albeit there are many such;
140 2| spring from the great artery [aorta]! And to judge by the Erasistratean
141 1| in reality, but is merely apparent; these are the peoplewho
142 2| naturally find yellow bile appearing in greatest quantity in
143 1| authorities by taking the appellations "Erasistrateans"or "Asclepiadeans"
144 3| argue with him) become more apple-like [in flavour] in the stomach,
145 3| this is like saying that apples (for so one has to argue
146 3| up in its own coats, and applying it to them. And when it
147 1| people, therefore, who can appreciate the logical sequence ofan
148 3| faculty, and whoever has an appreciation of logical sequence must
149 1| Icould find none which even approached plausibility, all the othersbeing
150 2| these views meet with the approval of the Peripatetics, as
151 2| far from truth, since they approve of none of the ideas of
152 3| become possessed with an ardent love for truth, like one
153 1| way in which his opponents areat variance with obvious facts,
154 1| kidneys - occupied as they areby the blood which had preceded,
155 1| the kidneys. That these areorgans for secreting [separating
156 1| substances, not because they arepurged by them, but because they
157 1| exist in it, but that they areunchangeable and immutable from eternity
158 2| reached its due size. If he argued consistently on this principle,
159 1| we usually refrain from arguing with people whose principlesare
160 1| him in return, and set our argumentbeside his in the same form. Now,
161 1| speaking generally, there have arisen the following two sectsin
162 2| the Hippocratic and the Aristotelian teaching that the parts
163 1| missing article beneath his armand denies on oath that he has
164 | around
165 1| similar pieces of iron are arrangedin a line, the particles of
166 3| original affection very quickly arrives at the extreme termination.
167 2| mention shows an extraordinary arrogance. ~ Now, Erasistratus is
168 2| bubo - an alteration in the arterial and cardiac movements and
169 2| thereafter sending it through the arterioid vein to the lungs (for Erasistratus
170 2| externally in a form and artificial shape. But Nature does not
171 1| faculty we also state to be artistic-nay, the best and highest art -
172 2| while assuming Nature to be artistically creative, he would at the
173 1| discharge of waste matters, asalso the actions of cathartic
174 3| any further difficulty in ascertaining that it is through the same
175 1| scammony, according to the Asclepiadeanargument, not only fails to evacuate
176 1| however, our present-day Asclepiadeansattempt to answer, despite the fact
177 1| his principles, whereas Asclepiadessafeguards the sequence of principles,
178 1| Erasistratism, nor good Asclepiadism, far lessgood Hippocratism.
179 2| intelligence - we shall ascribe to the semen a faculty for
180 2| fit to name it, and then ascribes conveyance through the veins
181 1| all show the same faculty asdoes the lodestone. Thus, I myself
182 2| Why is Erasistratus not ashamed to distinguish all the various
183 1| the kidneys as if through asieve, while the thick sanguineous
184 1| and become liquefied (just asin dropsical subjects it is
185 1| accessory - in fact, act asits handmaids. What, then, is
186 2| somebody may already be asking, in some surprise, what
187 1| then, are they?" someone asks - as though every part must
188 1| cuts an awkward figure by aspiringto show that these agree with
189 3| them as a tale told to an ass. ~ 11. For the sake, then,
190 1| have been for him not to assailobvious facts, but rather to devote
191 1| some people will object,asserting that when the inflammation
192 3| fibres. Now please test this assertion first in the muscles themselves;
193 3| that it is impossible to assign any other cause for the
194 1| imagine they have thereby assigned the reason.~ ~Once again,
195 2| easily dominate and quickly assimilate it - in fact, will use it
196 1| impossible for anything to be assimilatedby, and to change into anything
197 3| making it adhere and then assimilating it - that is, it becomes
198 1| corresponding to the name is: an assimilationof that which nourishes to
199 3| prove of the very greatest assistance.... Still, such people may
200 1| in the statement that it assists in the process of anadosis?~ ~
201 3| obtained some profit from its association with the stomach. For it
202 1| themaway from their false assumptions, and convert them forthwith
203 3| people who are extremely asthenic it is just these fluids
204 1| a complex of these, and asthough the truth were not what
205 1| omens, and the whole of astrology, subjects with which we
206 1| dustparticles which are borne in the atmosphere, how big must we supposethe
207 2| of the body are obviously atrophied and thin, and in need of
208 1| dosome of the conditions of atrophy and wasting, from an insufficientsupply
209 2| matters, did not hesitate to attack even the most trivial views,
210 2| people, but always jealously attacks the most absurd doctrines.
211 3| women for the foetus to attain maturity in the womb, this
212 1| however, the animal has attained its completesize, then,
213 1| the means for growing, for attaining completion, and for maintaining
214 2| which is still becoming attains its form is termed not growth
215 1| by Nature, a person who attemptedto say anything else about
216 1| The Erasistrateans, in attemptingto say how the kidneys let
217 1| said by Hippocrates; and he attempts in stupid - I might say
218 2| where the parts are very attenuated. It is worth while listening
219 1| latter there are some which attractthe poison of the viper, others
220 1| the kidneys. ~ ~Thus the author of this third piece of trickery
221 1| depend on the tendency of avacuum to become refilled, it is
222 3| stomach has better and more available food it requires nothing
223 2| that even a child could not avoid seeing it? ~ 6. And if one
224 2| thus we shall also have avoided the contradiction of Asclepiades
225 3| then the uterus no longer awaits the nine-months period,
226 1| except for that which comes awaywith the dejections or passes
227 1| adhere to the facts, cuts an awkward figure by aspiringto show
228 2| experts and are lying on their backs on the ground, so far from
229 3| contents from being carried backwards. How and in what manner
230 2| growth, but genesis! For a bag, sack, garment, house, ship,
231 3| boil was used instead of bake. ~ What he ought to have
232 1| ligatures,and next, having bandaged up the animal, let him go (
233 1| being thus divided, one bandagesup the animal externally. Then
234 3| Take an animal, then; lay bare the structures surrounding
235 3| emulsification, then soups, milk, and barley-emulsion would at once pass along
236 1| muchmore, and thus an enormous barrel will be needed to contain
237 2| like webs, ropes, sacks, or baskets, each of which has, woven
238 2| engaged in a considerable battle, not only with others but
239 2| millet-seed, or, if you will, a bean; and consider how otherwise
240 3| then could bread, beef, beans, or any other food turn
241 2| the choice of the latter bears reference merely to digestion,
242 1| ofjustice or injustice, of the beautiful or ugly; all such things,
243 | became
244 1| second piece of iron may becomeattached to the first, the third
245 1| arrows such as sometimes becomedeeply embedded in the flesh. Those
246 1| whole of the thorax will becomefilled, and the animal will be
247 1| quite easy for blood to becomeflesh; for, if Nature thicken
248 1| tendency of a vacuum to becomerefilled. Concerning the secretion
249 1| decay, as when a small thing becomesbigger, or a big thing smaller,
250 1| each of these subsequently becomesseparated in the body and goes to
251 3| patient get up from her bed and sit on the chair, and
252 3| opposite. How then could bread, beef, beans, or any other food
253 1| ever saw a stone which had beenpassed by one of these sufferers,
254 1| syllable. Yet we should have beensatisfied if he had even merely written
255 3| that which is of a quality befitting and proper to it. Thus it
256 1| him by Chrysippus, I must beg of them to makethemselves
257 2| regarding which we originally began this discussion, has become
258 1| another; and at least the beginningsof the proofs to which Aristotle
259 3| degree if pregnancy has begun - that, in fact, it dilates
260 1| as the proverb says, "to behave madlyamong madmen"- let
261 1| in the substance which is beinggenerated; these differ as regards
262 1| not to need any others (beingpossessed of the means for growing,
263 1| teaching all that is required. Beingsuch, she has, as he supposes,
264 3| quality; air is drawn into bellows in one way, and iron by
265 2| a bottom, a mouth, and a belly, as it were, as well as
266 3| of the longnecked animals bend down to swallow. Hence,
267 1| phlegm they will not be benefited. This is so obvious that
268 1| Further, even if there beno iron in contact with it,
269 1| that safflower, the Cnidian berry, and Hippophaes, do not
270 1| molecules." Necessarily, then, besidesmaking countless other statements
271 1| widely separated; do not besurprised, therefore, at the abundance
272 1| disbelieve it, lest they should betray their darlingprejudices. ~ ~
273 1| exception;he would hold it a betrayal of his assumed "elements"
274 | beyond
275 1| in the next place, will bid this blood retire to thelower
276 3| and sit on the chair, and bids her make every effort to
277 3| finger," then that "it is bigger now," and as we make enquiries
278 2| become bitter and their urine bile-coloured, while they suffer from
279 3| is, either in that called bile-receiving or in the other; whether
280 2| alleging [as the cause of bile-secretion] a favourable situation,
281 1| school also despises dreams,birds, omens, and the whole of
282 3| ichors, and so irritates and bites the coat of the uterus. ~
283 2| others yellower, in some blacker, in others more of the nature
284 1| are an exhortation to the bladderto increase in size. When it
285 2| humours. Now, one cannot be blamed for not agreeing with all
286 3| cervix which Hippocrates blames for inertia of the uterus
287 2| For a disproportionate blend [dyscrasia] can only become
288 2| and which Prodicus calls blenna [mucus], is the well-known
289 2| bladder which the children blew up and rubbed, you will
290 1| Temperaments."~ ~4. The so-called blood-making faculty in the veins, then,
291 1| there exists in the veins a blood-makingfaculty, as also a digestive faculty
292 1| Thus it is that, ifthe blood-serum has similarly to percolate
293 2| contain within itself a blood-vessel it will no longer need the
294 1| well distended,they again blow air into it and expand it
295 2| urine. ~ This, then, is one blunder made by those who dissociate
296 1| above everything, what small bodiesthese are which possess all these
297 1| ground that there is in every bodya faculty which attracts its
298 1| flows to each part of the bodyin the form of nutriment is
299 1| of the solid parts of the bodyis in a similar condition.
300 1| these, for example, the bone-producing, nerve-producing, and cartilage-producing
301 1| that of the food and the bonesa symptom or affection, since
302 1| which produces, and the boneswhich undergo the motion. In these
303 1| body; and after ithas been born, an effect in which all
304 1| these need the service bothof each other, and of yet different
305 1| known to us who have been bothphysicians and philosophers Hippocrates
306 1| them, but merelysends a branch into each of them, as it
307 1| however, while allowing that breadin turning into blood becomes
308 3| for just as we take in a breath at one moment and give it
309 1| you may convince us by a brilliant refutation of the ancientdoctrine,
310 2| Who does not know that brine and sea-water preserve meat
311 1| following. When our peasants are bringingcorn from the country into the
312 1| man who puts aside these broad, clearly visible routes,
313 1| substance being divided and broken up intoinharmonious elements
314 1| the iron has another piece broughtin contact with it, this becomes
315 2| seething, accompanied by bubbles - an abnormal putrefaction
316 1| words without reasoning are buffooneryrather than rhetoric. Therefore,
317 2| house grows when it is being built, or a basket when being
318 3| due to the fact that it is burdened by the quantity or that
319 3| becomes pungent, acrid, and burdensome to the organ which contains
320 2| warm substance, able to burn, dissolve, and destroy the
321 3| adjacent viscera like a lot of burning hearths around a great cauldron -
322 1| kidneys not merely the urine, butalong with it the whole of the
323 1| differ from all other organs, butalso from one another. Further,
324 1| is an effect of Nature, butit is, of course, not an activity.
325 1| exercise any attraction." Butwhen he is dealing with anadosis
326 1| Alteration of Substance" byAristotle, and after him by Chrysippus,
327 1| and expels its diseases bycrisis. Therefore he says that
328 1| to the reason why liquid canenter the bladder through the
329 1| quite fragrant, nor again, canthe converse happen. ~ ~How,
330 3| placed in each organ the capabilities of useful activities, but
331 1| and these people make it a cardinal point of their teaching
332 3| 10. I should not have cared to say anything further
333 1| the early part of their career, and have managed by excessiverascality
334 1| thetrick before makes a more careful inspection. Yet, if you
335 2| it? ~ 6. And if one looks carefully into the matter one will
336 2| evident, or however else one cares to term it (for, what Erasistratus
337 1| are doing nowork but are carousing, especially if the wine
338 3| the bladder by the liver carry out attraction and expulsion
339 2| again he is putting the cart before the horse. Because,
340 1| bone-producing, nerve-producing, and cartilage-producing faculties (since for thesake
341 1| arteries, veins,nerves, bones, cartilages, membranes, ligaments, and
342 1| could not, however, in every casecall the effect an activity;
343 1| genesis. For in the latter casesomething comes into existence which
344 1| The seed having been cast into the womb or into the
345 2| were but a trifling and casual department of medicine which
346 3| the uterus. For it is not casually nor without reason that
347 3| are just on the point of catching it, the stomach should,
348 3| of the liver and, during catharsis, that of the drug. What
349 1| matters, asalso the actions of cathartic drugs. ~ ~Asclepiades, however,
350 1| said - that it is not only catharticdrugs which naturally attract
351 3| burning hearths around a great cauldron - to the right the liver,
352 1| the effect. But, if the causeis relative to something -
353 1| He even tries to give the causeof the phenomenon. His view
354 1| these effects comes from a certainactivity, and each of these again
355 1| equitable manner, having certainfaculties, by virtue of which each
356 1| superfluities need, on the one hand, certainfresh routes to conduct them to
357 1| will - not possibly, but certainly-declare that they disbelieve it,
358 3| people. It is, however, the cervix which Hippocrates blames
359 1| surely if it was on the cessationof an inflammation that the
360 1| attractedby the lodestone, and chaff by amber. He even tries
361 2| combusted black bile, if ever it chance to be roasted, so to say,
362 3| flowing away, and constantly changing and shifting its position,
363 1| there were certain invisible channelsopening into the bladder. It was,
364 3| one direction only would characterise a man who was entirely ignorant
365 1| arrangement he infers their characteristicuse and faculty. But, even leaving
366 1| suspicion the incredible characterof the cause mentioned, and
367 1| nothing fine unless they had cheated their masterthree times,
368 1| which is destined to become cheese cannot get down, sincethe
369 3| in the mouth if you will chew some corn and then apply
370 3| intelligence, with the power of choosing the better [of two alternatives]. ~
371 1| if, at least, Aristotle chose toremember what he himself
372 2| observed dropsy produced by chronic haemorrhoids which have
373 1| byAristotle, and after him by Chrysippus, I must beg of them to makethemselves
374 3| which cannot be reduced to chyle. And you may observe this
375 2| darker in colour, and the cicatrices of ulcers are dark. For,
376 2| shamelessly goes on using circumlocutions, and never acknowledges
377 1| intimate mingling, as Zeno of Citium afterwardsdeclared, I do
378 1| from the country into the city in wagons, and wish to filch
379 2| Erasistrateans possibly mean by claiming that their leader was associated
380 3| envelops its nutriment and clasps it all round as the stomach
381 1| their hypotheses? The one class supposes that all substance
382 2| also is one of those which cleanse the blood, but there are
383 1| excessively resistant to all cleansing processes, harder to healthan
384 2| becomes yellow bile, and is cleared away through the so-called
385 2| these confute in the very clearest manner such people as object
386 2| constructed any organ for clearing away a humour such as this.
387 1| anything to say regarding the clearing-out of superfluities,he did
388 1| this will be stated more clearlyas the discussion proceeds;
389 3| and the stomach situated close to it (as in the case of
390 1| and faculties,which are closely connected with the purpose
391 3| function which determines the closure of the os and the stay of
392 2| perfect statue simply by being clothed externally in a form and
393 1| thereforesays that safflower, the Cnidian berry, and Hippophaes, do
394 3| whom those three factors co-exist - an excessive propensity
395 3| or disordered from the co-existence of both conditions, it is
396 2| inform me what the altering, coagulating, and shaping agent is. He
397 3| sufficiently proved that the inner coast exists for the purpose of
398 1| arteries; each of these two coatshas an alterative faculty peculiar
399 1| have passed through the coatsof the stomach and intestines,
400 1| ligaments, and the various coatswhich we have just called elementary,
401 3| alone, but to add thereto cogent and compelling proofs drawn
402 3| it; another swallowed a coin, and various people have
403 1| and plants the Warm and Coldare more active, the Dry and
404 1| were, in which they are collected till they reach a sufficientquantity,
405 1| region of the vena cava, to collectin the bladder. ~ ~Like slaves,
406 2| cold, moist humour which collects mostly in old people and
407 1| another; thus it is that,after colliding with each of the two compact
408 3| mesentery, small intestine, colon, and the stomach itself.
409 2| on the appearance of this combusted black bile, if ever it chance
410 1| excellent Menander into his comedies. As these slaves heldthat
411 1| enjoin on another quantity comingfrom above not to proceed downwards
412 1| and perceptible channels cominginto it from the kidneys the
413 2| remains as it was at the commencement, and becomes a perfect statue
414 2| a little, but a quantity commensurate with that of the semen.
415 2| appear to him to consist of commentaries on the Nature-lore [physiology]
416 3| spleen into such organs as communicate with it by veins, e.g. the
417 1| already possess acertain community and affinity in their qualities,
418 1| of Asclepiades, and, in companywith those who are persuaded
419 2| lees. Now you may correctly compare yellow bile to the first
420 3| duration of its activity as compared with that of the stomach.
421 3| to add thereto cogent and compelling proofs drawn from obvious
422 1| animal has attained its completesize, then, during the whole
423 1| artery, a vein, a nerve, or a complex of these, and asthough the
424 1| simple and primary, while compoundedfrom them we have growth and
425 3| even make an attempt to comprehend them; and even if any of
426 1| begin by getting a clear comprehensionof these sects, as well as
427 2| stomach has the power of compressing the veins, as he himself
428 2| the vein which is on the concave surface of the liver and
429 1| the category of relative concepts;primarily because the faculty
430 2| of function. "This is no concern of ours," they say; "we
431 1| there are so many organs concerned inthe alteration of food.
432 1| Having, therefore, given a concise and summary statement of
433 1| precise and clear tones,he concluded by jumping up and departing -
434 3| many things which have been conclusively demonstrated by the Ancients
435 1| there is in our bodies a concordancein the movements of air and
436 2| senses), would, I imagine, condemn in no measured terms the
437 1| to certain diffusions and condensations. This doesnot hold of Aristotle,
438 1| when these have been again condensed,it thus regains its previous
439 3| attracted by the stomach, or conducted by the gullet. For our part,
440 3| considering their activities, conducting the enquiry on our own persons
441 1| spring out like kindsof conduits from the gall-bladder and
442 1| his assumed "elements" to confess thetruth about such matters.
443 2| Now, Erasistratus himself confesses this, albeit unintentionally;
444 2| Erasistratus going to act, confessing as they do that they make
445 3| secondly, if he could not be confident of this, he ought to have
446 1| when experience also had confirmed its truth,I sought long
447 3| there will necessarily be a confluence into it of the superfluities
448 2| the beginning? Why do you confuse us by announcing that you
449 3| or because he purposely confused himself with sophistries.
450 1| are, could hold fourwhole congii, and sometimes even more,
451 1| three and sometimes four congiiof superfluous matter, that
452 3| particularly when the ligaments connecting it with the spine happen
453 3| again, have been partly conquered by the sophistries of these
454 1| parts of a second kind, consecratedin this case to the [removal
455 3| movements should occur in them consecutively - as may be clearly seen
456 1| to alteration; there is a consensusin the movements of air and
457 1| and what are the logical consequencesof their hypotheses? The one
458 2| entirely lacking in blood, and consequently in winter lie idle and motionless,
459 1| unlessit be allowed that she conserves what is appropriate and
460 1| mixed. There are, however, a considerablenumber of not undistinguished men -
461 1| vena cava by violence of a considerablequantity of blood. ~ ~In relation
462 1| through the veins, but he also considered fully themethod, which he
463 1| absorption of nutriment would be considereda fool. ~ ~16. Now, while
464 1| that it acquiresa certain consistency and ceases to be fluid,
465 2| its due size. If he argued consistently on this principle, I fail
466 3| spoken of. In the organs consisting of two coats this kind of
467 1| As regards those organs consistingof two dissimilar coats, of
468 2| this hypothesis is not in consonance with the view of Erasistratus,
469 3| suspended and in a state of constant movement), and the omentum
470 1| preservation of the animal. For his constantaim is to follow out logical
471 1| already complete, and to constitute an expositionof all the
472 2| these minute simple vessels constituting the large perceptible nerves,
473 2| modes of life, regions, constitutions, and diseases. Nature, they
474 1| ducts, these being more constricted, and that it shouldflow
475 3| accurately upon the food and constricting it at every point; sometimes
476 2| pre-exists, to shape and to construct. Thus we must necessarily
477 2| propositions assumed in constructing our proof must be false;
478 1| dissections. ~ ~Now Nature constructs bone, cartilage, nerve,
479 1| hanging in a house, and in contactwith it all round a large number
480 1| then the whole of the blood containedin the vena cava must go to
481 2| sophists so degraded as to contemn the truth in these matters),
482 2| stomach, and what resist and contend with it. For the choice
483 2| nothing more absurd than the contentions of Erasistratus. And, I
484 2| the veins results from the contiguity of the arteries; also, in
485 3| there was an unduly long continuance of the food in it, in those
486 2| exists in them unity and continuity, then that simple vessel
487 2| driven in more vigorously and continuously, and in greater quantity
488 2| no vacuum can occur in a continuum even if anything does run
489 3| condition, employing its contractile faculty in the ordinary
490 2| despise, and he neither contradicted them nor even so much as
491 1| vena cava, and themselves contributing no force.They obviously
492 2| Erasistrateans with some contribution, since we are on the subject,
493 2| have it so. What further contrivance, then, does he suppose?
494 1| as I said, renounceour controversy with them, since those who
495 1| fragrant, nor again, canthe converse happen. ~ ~How, then, could
496 2| genesis of these or in their conversion into one another. And they
497 3| thick, and by working it up converts it into more useful matter.
498 2| that of the vessel on the convex surface of the liver and
499 1| however, the nutriment conveyedto the part does undergo presentation,
500 1| order thateither you may convince us by a brilliant refutation
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