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| Michael Faraday Lectures on the Forces of Matter IntraText - Concordances (Hapax - words occurring once) |
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501 V | a strip of paper into a hoop, and we have as good an
502 I | between the bottom and the horizontal piece of wood, and thus
503 I | hold the straight stick horizontally, as high as the position
504 V | has taken a quarter of an hour or more to reach the first
505 VI | might leave it there for hours, days, months, or even years,
506 II | sun with us, but eighteen hundred millions of miles off, and
507 I | bubble of air bearing half a hundred-weight, and you must conceive for
508 III | regions is all solid ice and icebergs, while here, in a warmer
509 II | Lecture II: Gravitation - Cohesion~
510 III | Lecture III: Cohesion - Chemical Affinity~
511 II | room for the purpose of illustrating this. I have put into that
512 IV(22) | Guncotton is made by immersing cotton wool in a mixture
513 IV(23) | or nitrate of copper, by immersion in a warm solution of these
514 IV | will go away with a very imperfect notion of the powers and
515 V | a little, which seems to imply that so much electricity
516 III | can not, I think, fail to impress upon your minds the fact
517 IV | state; and yet their first impulse, when chemically combined,
518 V | particle to particle; for inasmuch as I have fastened these
519 I | Again, if you are really so inclined (and I do hope all of you
520 I | take hold of the air by inclosing it in a bag) - they are
521 IV | enlarge your ideas so as to include all substances which have
522 I | or two beautiful points included in that statement. First
523 VI | which you have borne the inconvenience that I at first subjected
524 IV | cases the combustion goes on independent of the oxygen of the atmosphere.
525 I | gravitates. Just watch the index, and see whether it tilts
526 I | of these little inflated India rubber bladders, which are
527 IV | Friction will produce heat. The Indians rub pieces of wood together
528 IV | phenomenon of weight as indicating how exceedingly different
529 V | there we obtained a first indication of the existence of two
530 VI | swung round; and notice how indifferent it becomes if I break contact
531 Int | discovery of magneto-electric induction, of the law of electro-chemical
532 IV | hydrogen, and, after one or two ineffectual attempts, succeeded in blowing
533 VI | have here might give you an infinity of illustrations of this
534 I | may seem for an elderly, infirm man to do so, I will return
535 IV | carries it down. But now, if I inhale hydrogen gas into my lungs (
536 IV | what happens. [The lecturer inhaled some hydrogen, and, after
537 II | that I am doing it some injury. But now, if I take it by
538 I | the exertions of some few inquiring minds, who have looked into
539 IV | therefore, leads us to the inquiry as to whether oxygen can
540 I(4) | circumstances, to be latent or insensible. When, however, the water
541 VI | arrangement, and where I have inserted the platinum, which offers
542 V | once - dispersed on the instant, in a manner wonderful to
543 V | electricity passes! It has flashed instantaneously through the whole length
544 I | as man does for his own instruction and advantage, in a variety
545 V | lecturer stood upon the insulating stool, and placed himself
546 III | the oxygen became almost insupportably brilliant], you see how
547 VI | would surpass the human intellect.~In the first place, then,
548 I | so near. As we proceed, I intend to write upon the board
549 II | a lamp, A, shining most intensely upon this disc, B, C, D,
550 I | toward the earth, and, if not intercepted, it would go on falling,
551 I | the air around our globe interferes very much where we have
552 II | of seeing what is in the interior of bodies. Light is a thing
553 II | remains dark. The glass, then, internally, has no effect upon light. [
554 IV | as the stream of air is interrupted. What, then, is this curious
555 Int | important discoveries after this interruption; and was offered, but declined,
556 Int | Introductory Note~Michael Faraday was
557 II(10) | as is commonly supposed, invented by Prince Rupert, but were
558 Int | the labours of this mighty investigator."~In spite of the highly
559 III | used to send us oil from Italy in flasks stoppered only
560 IV | Lecture IV: Chemical Affinity - Heat~
561 V | where the metal and wood join, you will see how the heat
562 I | ball at the two ends of its journey, you see that the ball is
563 III | that you may be enabled to judge of the space occupied by
564 III | pour water quietly from a jug, I can cause it to run in
565 II | of the distance - a sad jumble of words until you understand
566 III | H H H), the water will jump up, showing that some of
567 I | this lecture that we may be justified in continuing them, thinking
568 Int | younger audiences, were justly famous. The following example
569 VI | now let us give place as juveniles to the respect we owe to
570 V | is more, by placing this keeper, as it is called, on the
571 V | other - that power which keeps them together in masses
572 V | You see it attracts these keys, two or three in succession,
573 II(10) | and were considered "a king of miracle in nature."
574 II | and then you can take a knife and try to divide it in
575 II | and more than that, it has knocked a hole in the glass vessel
576 V | now, when I put up this label with the word Magnetism,
577 Int | enhance and glorify the labours of this mighty investigator."~
578 V | substance which attracts. If I lace this little key in the middle
579 I | sometimes heard, of barges laden with quicklime taking fire
580 I | embarrass this poor old lady with a world of trouble,
581 I | rough model; so much is land and so much is water; and
582 III | by cold or otherwise. So largely is the bulk occupied by
583 VI | know that it is only of late years, and long since I
584 I(4) | ordinary circumstances, to be latent or insensible. When, however,
585 III | dirty matter from them, laying it around the outside or
586 VI | chemical affinity in that fine lead-tree25, the lead growing and
587 IV | oxygen.~This, therefore, leads us to the inquiry as to
588 I | heat brought into play by a leakage of the water into the barge.
589 III | care to have every thing lean and soapy). I will now blow
590 II | pour the liquid out gently, leaving all the dirt behind in the
591 II | attraction of the particles. [The lectured here placed his foot on
592 VI | the power appearing on the left-hand side, and throwing down
593 V | understand that we use glass legs because these are capable
594 III | make ice into water, we lessen its bulk; but when we convert
595 II | you, therefore, to take a lesson in the way in which we use
596 VI(24) | evolved in consequence of the liberated hydrogen withdrawing oxygen
597 I | well. That toy ought to lie something in this manner,
598 Int | September 22, 1791. He began life as an errand boy to a bookbinder
599 V | strongly to allow itself to be lifted up, so wonderful is its
600 I | tilting it over, that I am lifting up the centre of gravity (
601 V | whether I can succeed in lighting gas by touching the jet
602 IV | servant puts coals on and lights the fire: the substances
603 VI | the solution as long as I liked, without having any power
604 | likely
605 III | would not do, but a piece of linen cloth would, or some of
606 IV | recognize heat by its power of liquefying solid bodies and vaporizing
607 III | which stands next on our list Chemical Affinity. And thus
608 II | electric lamp was again lit, and the beam of parallel
609 I | how he came here; how he lives; by what means he stands
610 V | double power.~Now with this loadstone you may make magnets artificially.
611 V | which are called magnets or loadstones; ores of iron, of which
612 Int | at Newington Butts, near London, September 22, 1791. He
613 I | inquiring minds, who have looked into these things, and ascertained
614 II | here placed his foot on a loop of wire fastened to a support
615 I | perceive when I let them fall loosely on a sheet of paper. If
616 V | that the glass does not lose the power which it acquired
617 III | that whenever a solid body loses some of that force of attraction
618 III | apparatus. That exploded with a loud noise when it was lighted,
619 III | ether, if exposed to a very low temperature, will become
620 I | the lead inside, I have lowered the centre of gravity, and
621 I | perhaps light phosphorus or a lucifer-match with it. Now that could
622 II(12) | It has a bright metallic lustre; hence its name, from mico,
623 IV | take fire while they are lying on the table. Here the lead
624 II(12) | silicate of alumina and magnesia. It has a bright metallic
625 Int | electro-chemical decomposition, of the magnetization of light, and of diamagnetism.
626 V | repulsion by bringing another magnetized needle near to it.~I want
627 Int | important are the discovery of magneto-electric induction, of the law of
628 Int | that on his discovery of magneto-electricity he abandoned the commercial
629 II | then, as separate particles magnified, so as to be evident to
630 IV | splendid bubble, which rose majestically and slowly to the ceiling
631 I | it, supposing I should be maladroit), you will perceive that
632 IV | a solid body a wonderful manifestation of chemical affinity?~There
633 I | here we see in a sort of map or picture how the world
634 Int | himself, shortly after his marriage, at the age of thirty, joined
635 V | which keeps them together in masses iron attracted to iron,
636 Int | on the Continent with his master, and saw some of the most
637 I | around, and all varieties of material substances, held together
638 V | to place by choosing the materials which can conduct the power.
639 II | law is, and what is the meaning of the "inverse square of
640 IV(23) | mixture of ten parts, by measure, of oil of vitriol with
641 II | particle. Whether you have this mechanical power of straining, or whether
642 I | coin, so that it shall not meet with any resistance from
643 III | of ice]. You see I am now melting the ice where the iron touches
644 II(12) | lustre; hence its name, from mico, to shine.
645 II | one in size, and place it midway between the lamp and the
646 IV | they are already becoming milky, but they are sluggish in
647 VI | purposes, we can send into the mine chemical affinity by means
648 II | force, and examine them more minutely. I will first take a bit
649 II(10) | were considered "a king of miracle in nature."
650 I | quite succeeded I had the misfortune to push the bottoms of several
651 III | is wrong when we make a mistake. Now I will lay this vessel (
652 II | you will say. Do not be mistaken; there is as much upon the
653 III | wonderful thing about this mode of changing the condition
654 VI | of chemical affinity, but modified it in a wonderful and beautiful
655 VI | decomposing the water, but modifies it most curiously. See how
656 IV | take a pellet of cotton and moisten it with a little ether,
657 II | resting upon it for some moments.] You see, while hanging
658 IV | This has been made about a month ago, and has thus had time
659 VI | it there for hours, days, months, or even years, and no action
660 IV(19) | together in a pestle and mortar without fear. One part of
661 I | avalanche fall from the mountains, the rocks, snow, and ice,
662 II | other. See! I could let a mouse run through it; and yet,
663 IV | with the breath from my mouth, you will see them fall,
664 I | and through what means he moves about from place to place.
665 II | iron which constitute this nail hold together and make it
666 VI | to support not only these nails, but all those lumps of
667 VI | foil, and if I cut it into narrow strips and apply to it the
668 II(14) | Iceland or calc-spar. Native carbonate of lime in its
669 IV | particles of very different k_nds, and that they can have
670 II | brightest because it is the nearest, and there is the whole
671 II | discovered this latter planet, Neptune, by reason of the effects
672 Int | blacksmith, and was born at Newington Butts, near London, September
673 IV(23) | these salts (See Chemical News, vol. i., p. 36.)
674 II | piece of this. [The lecturer nipped off a small piece from the
675 III | That exploded with a loud noise when it was lighted, but
676 III | but this will burn quite noiselessly: it is called hydrogen;
677 | none
678 IV | time to sink down to its normal temperature; what you see,
679 III | that this same body in the northern regions is all solid ice
680 Int | Introductory Note~Michael Faraday was the
681 VI | another curious thing to be noticed now we are dealing with
682 IV | substance this is; for, notwithstanding all the heavy bad air from
683 VI | it was melted down last November, was brought together in
684 VI | carried about. That strange nugget of gold, of which there
685 Int | each of these are grouped numbers of derivative but still
686 Int | made by Faraday were so numerous, and often demand so detailed
687 VI(25) | wires, and form a beautiful object.
688 II | unless the glass be held obliquely, and then the phenomenon
689 II | so as to form square or oblong pieces with cubical sides.
690 Int | parents were members of the obscure religious denomination of
691 I | which we call gravity. By observation, moreover, we see that bodies
692 V | made of glass? Because they obstruct the passage of electricity.
693 VI | you that, the shorter the obstructing wire is, the more and more
694 I | enlarged as to offer much obstruction on falling through it. It
695 I | always have done on these occasions, the right of addressing
696 I | we see that bodies do not occupy the same time in falling;
697 VI | while nothing has apparently occurred on the other side. I say
698 I | nevertheless, as the great ocean of water around our globe,
699 I | you know very well how the oceans surround the globe - how
700 I | extended and enlarged as to offer much obstruction on falling
701 Int | this interruption; and was offered, but declined, the presidency
702 VI | inserted the platinum, which offers some resistance to the passage
703 I | if I embarrass this poor old lady with a world of trouble,
704 IV | voltaic battery, it was only one-eighth the weight of the oxygen.
705 II | shadow, it can only receive one-fourth of the proportion of light
706 II | if I put the screen at one-third of the distance from the
707 III | gas.~Now, when water is opened out in this way by means
708 Int | seen; and I will add the opinion, that the progress of future
709 III | them retain their places in opposition to force applied to it.
710 III | have a violet vapor or an orange vapor, and different other
711 II | D - it is four times the original size. Here, then, comes
712 I | can tell me why that body oscillates to and fro - that pendulum
713 I | to a string, and set it oscillating like a pendulum, I may make
714 | otherwise
715 I | it is manifest that an ounce, or a pound, or a ton, or
716 III | it around the outside or outer edge of the lower crystals
717 IV | the voltaic battery, we overcame, drawing from the water
718 I | piece of paper which was overturned by it.~Now it is not very
719 I | diameter, that the mind is overwhelmed in contemplation of the
720 II | of its attraction at this overwhelming distance. Now I want you
721 VI | juveniles to the respect we owe to our elders, and for a
722 II | whole bottle will go. [A 6-oz. vial was filled with water,
723 IV(23) | Chemical News, vol. i., p. 36.)
724 I | push the bottoms of several pails out; but here it is hanging
725 II | have taken no very great pains to bring the particles together,
726 VI | I have as many as forty pairs of these plates all exercising
727 II(8) | of potassium is added a pale red precipitate is formed,
728 II | of the wire, just as in pantomimes they sometimes suspend gentlemen
729 II | again lit, and the beam of parallel rays of light which it emitted
730 Int | British Government.~Faraday's parents were members of the obscure
731 V | attractive power; when they were parted, it was evident to your
732 I | may be different in some particulars, having reference to the
733 I | sorry to see our time for parting is drawing so near. As we
734 III | that some of the gas has passed into the glass vessel. I
735 II | if I insert this in the path of the polarized ray, I
736 VI | it is that possesses this peculiar action. You see it is the
737 IV | of air. Suppose I take a pellet of cotton and moisten it
738 I | there his observations can penetrate) is pretty nearly a round
739 I | of the same kind. Take a penny piece, or a half crown,
740 Int | part made up later by a pension of 300 pounds a year from
741 II | other side of this world the people are standing and moving
742 V | the present. And so you perceived how easily I can manage
743 I | satisfactory to my mind than to perform what I undertake; but such
744 III | from water a large bulk of permanent gas, as we call it, and
745 VI | illustrations that time will permit me to show you of chemical
746 I | do think that, to a young person of ten, fifteen, or twenty
747 IV(19) | be rubbed together in a pestle and mortar without fear.
748 III | put some pounded ice in a pewter pot, and added some salt
749 II(11) | called Proofs or Bologna phials.
750 Int | the greatest experimental philosopher the world has ever seen;
751 Int | knowledge of chemistry and physics before they can be understood,
752 I | for wherever his sight can pierce, there his observations
753 II | those different colors, pink, and purple, and green,
754 III | just soap the edges of the pipe and blow a bubble on to
755 V | appearance of repulsion of the pith ball at the end of the straw,
756 V | passes, and observe that the pith-ball indicator has fallen a little,
757 II | of astronomers as to the planets and other bodies, and tell
758 V | my coat, pulled round a plank of that kind, so you need
759 II | together; we have many better plans than that; and I will show
760 II | glass [producing a piece of plate-glass about two inches square]. (
761 VI | is that burns? You see a plentiful combustion of the iron filings;
762 IV | want of air, for there is plenty of air remaining in the
763 III | twisted about with a pair of pliers.] You see I now find no
764 I | place for the awl hang the plumb-line, and make the same experiment,
765 III | little bit of wood, and then plunge it into the jar of oxygen,
766 VI | coming over through the pneumatic trough, and ascending faster
767 II | beautifully and regularly with polished surfaces, but with sloping
768 I | but if I embarrass this poor old lady with a world of
769 Int | expounder of science to popular audiences; and his lectures
770 VI | dish, and will then make a porous dike of sand separating
771 II(7) | contain as much alum as can possibly be dissolved. In making
772 I(1) | opening lecture was twice postponed on account of Dr. Faraday'
773 I | manifest that an ounce, or a pound, or a ton, or a thousand
774 II | of light. If Mr. Anderson pours some water, gently and steadily,
775 V | thing to another; for if I pout my hand near the fire it
776 IV(19) | does not require the same precautions. They may be rubbed together
777 VI | from which we formerly precipitated some of the metal, when
778 VI | wonderful importance in the precipitation of metals and formation
779 III | properties of various bodies, of preparing a solution of a salt15 which,
780 IV | dew - not a smoke - which presently evaporates. This, perhaps,
781 V | closely, we shall find it presents some other remarkable differences;
782 IV | hermetically sealed so as to preserve it, and I expect you will
783 Int | offered, but declined, the presidency of both the Royal Society
784 IV | The piston was forcibly pressed down, when a flame, due
785 I | exercise of that power of pressing downward is especially used
786 IV | oxygen, and the inside is prevented from having access to the
787 V | because these are capable of preventing the electricity from going
788 IV | forming a substance which prevents the natural chemical affinity
789 V | powers we have spoken of on previous days; and you will not now
790 II(14) | carbonate of lime in its primitive crystalline form.
791 IV | steam, you have seen the two principal results of the application
792 V | double power becomes evident principally at the extremities, yet
793 III | purpose: he acts upon our principle of lessening the adhesion
794 III | the air, it would, in all probability, put itself out, owing to
795 IV | oxygen, when the combustion proceeded with vivid scintillations.]~
796 III | when we are right in our proceedings! It is not that Nature is
797 IV | on the surface by a real process of combustion or combination.
798 IV | obtained yesterday.~The processes, you see, are very different,
799 IV | seen, to show you how we procure heat. And now for the effects
800 IV | found yesterday could be procured from it; it contains the
801 VI | vessel.~Now besides this production of light, we have all the
802 Int | laboratory in 1825, and professor of chemistry in 1833; rising
803 II | shadow of something - your profile, if you like - on the wall
804 II | now here. [The lecturer projected the prismatic spectrum about
805 II | the point of the tail just projecting out; upon breaking the tip
806 II(11) | vessels - They are called Proofs or Bologna phials.
807 IV | which must be present in its proper amount is put there beforehand.
808 II | repent of that which I have proposed to undertake. It will be
809 I | stick, and a pail, and the proposition is, how can that pail be
810 I | and, what is more, she proves the truth of our philosophy
811 VI | electricity; not having provided fire beforehand, we can
812 I | because the gold leaf is puckery, but will risk the experiment.
813 I | theatre by means of a cord and pulley, and then suddenly letting
814 III | vapor. Mr. Anderson will now pump all the air out of this
815 I | same moment.~We have now pumped the air out of the vessel,
816 II | different colors, pink, and purple, and green, coming and going
817 VI | discoveries, and so go on pursuing, realizing, establishing,
818 VI | hopes of success; for in the pursuit of science we first start
819 III | crystallize together. They have pushed the dirty matter from them,
820 I | simplest experiments of pushing and pulling, I shall gradually
821 IV | as it is when the servant puts coals on and lights the
822 I | remember an experiment which puzzled me very much when a boy.
823 IV | showed you yesterday certain qualities of this gas; now let me
824 III | was how to melt ice in a quart pot by the fire and freeze
825 IV | sluggish in their action - not quick as the others were - for
826 I | the earth with the same quickness? They would do so, but that
827 I | half cwt. in a state of quiescence upon the inflated India-rubber
828 VI | move to and fro by this rack-work. I will connect each of
829 I | kind of experiment: if I raise the gold leaf in this way [
830 IV | a flame has caught these raised particles, and it has run
831 I | centre of gravity (a), and raising it from the earth. All this
832 VI | behind me at a much more rapid rate than you see in that
833 VI | me at a much more rapid rate than you see in that jar,
834 I | very much when a boy. I read it in a conjuring book,
835 VI | with a lighted match. So ready is the iron to burn, that
836 IV | formed on the surface by a real process of combustion or
837 VI | and expectations; these we realize and establish, never again
838 VI | and so go on pursuing, realizing, establishing, and founding
839 I | certain words, so as to recall to your minds what we have
840 II | like - on the wall and then recede or advance, and you will
841 VI | in some mysterious way, received this power by its contact
842 III | the gas. It was therefore recharged, when the explosion took
843 II | of calcareous spar, and I recommend each of you to take a piece
844 III | call it, and then we can reconvert it into water in this way. [
845 Int | could not work at all. He recovered, however, and made some
846 II | is changing color. It was reddish-yellow at first, but it has now
847 II(8) | precipitate which first falls is redissolved when the liquid is stirred:
848 IV(21) | in a glass tube to dull redness as long as vapors are emitted.
849 II | portions of glass which I have reduced to very fine powder, you
850 VI | electricity, or any other name referring to its source, or the way
851 III | same body in the northern regions is all solid ice and icebergs,
852 II | something about its laws and regularity; and, first, as regards
853 III | gas, when it immediately rekindled.]~Here, then, we have two
854 Int | adhered till his death. Religion and science he kept strictly
855 II | thus been made warm, the remainder of the solution was added.]
856 Int | in research, Faraday was remarkably gifted as an expounder of
857 I | we let it loose we will remove the air by means of an air-pump,
858 V | exciting the shellac, and then removing the attractive power by
859 III | and heats it in order to render it soft for his purpose:
860 V | but that the power is only rendered evident at the end of the
861 II | slowly and gradually; and in repeating this experiment, do as I
862 V | the shellac is strongly repelled, as it was before, but the
863 V | attracting and the other repelling.~Again, to show you another
864 II | meeting, and I shall not repent of that which I have proposed
865 III | so that these two areas represent water, and these are always
866 V | attractive and the other is repulsive. Now is not this power a
867 V | good an indicator as can be required. See how it rolls along,
868 I | thing it is to see that it requires so much water as that [a
869 IV | and all by reason of the requisite amount of oxygen being contained
870 II | coke, making it exactly resemble a natural mineral.~Now how
871 I | assumed a shape very much resembling a flat cheese with round
872 Int | small salary, in order to reserve all his energies for research.
873 V | this force of attraction resides? If I take this bar and
874 III | no longer sufficient to resist the power we bring to bear
875 I | which the air possesses of resisting that pressure; it may burst,
876 I | absence of wonder to ourselves respecting the way in which all this
877 II | was exerted between their respective centres of gravity; and,
878 III(15)| allowed to cool, and remain at rest until the experiment is
879 I | balance goes back again and resumes its equilibrium. I can decompose
880 III | sufficient to make them retain their places in opposition
881 I(4) | becomes solid, the heat which retained it in a liquid state is
882 III | water to which the gas has returned. Now is not this curious?
883 II | feet toward our feet, in a reversed position as compared with
884 II | there is a planet, Uranus, revolving round the sun with us, but
885 II | cubical - it is what we call a rhomboid. It still breaks in three
886 II | into these beautiful little rhomboids.~ ~Now I want you to understand
887 II | stone which split up into rhombs, and of which you are each
888 I | man, but by degrees I got rid of that idea), and the problem
889 III | and oxygen. If I take this ring flame, I can shake, by means
890 II | round, and produces these rings and that black cross. Look
891 II | way they appear to have risen up you would imagine the
892 I | leaf is puckery, but will risk the experiment. There they
893 I | fire in the middle of the river, in consequence of this
894 III | to look at the sea, the rivers, and so forth, and to know
895 II | how other substances like rock-salt and calcareous spar, mica,
896 IV | piece of cotton which is rolled up tightly; it does not
897 V | be required. See how it rolls along, traveling after the
898 V | be a little wind in the rooms slightly moving the ball
899 IV | a splendid bubble, which rose majestically and slowly
900 I | support before me (as the roughest possible illustration of
901 I | round the surface, giving roundness to it, clothing it like
902 I | these little inflated India rubber bladders, which are very
903 III | held up by it. See how it runs about as I move the upper
904 II | powerful as to cause them to rush together in this manner [
905 IV | attracted each other, and rushed into combination to reproduce
906 II | square of the distance - a sad jumble of words until you
907 Int | he had added to his small salary, in order to reserve all
908 VI | then make a porous dike of sand separating the two portions
909 Int | religious denomination of the Sandemanians, and Faraday himself, shortly
910 I | arrangements,1 for nothing is more satisfactory to my mind than to perform
911 VI | than that of the physical sciences? And what is there more
912 Int | some of the most famous scientists of Europe. Shortly after
913 IV | you the reason why those scissors and that lead do not take
914 IV | will make it so hot as to scorch wood and paper, and burn
915 II | and so make the least scratch upon the inside, the whole
916 III | vessel (G), and when I have screwed it on to the top of our
917 III | thing for us to look at the sea, the rivers, and so forth,
918 VI(25) | the wires and cork, and seal it down, so as to perfectly
919 III | upside down, when in a few seconds it went out.] Now that will
920 Int | thirty, joined the same sect, to which he adhered till
921 I | farther, I refer you to this sectional diagram of the geological
922 VI | here a chemical power which sends forth the spark; and it
923 VI | address myself to those of our seniors who have honored me with
924 I | the illustrations of the sense I try to express as full
925 V | it was evident to your senses that they had it, though
926 VI | make a porous dike of sand separating the two portions of fluid
927 I | boiling, which is only the separation of one part of the marble
928 Int | Newington Butts, near London, September 22, 1791. He began life
929 VI | we should only be using a series of these vessels instead
930 VI | books in the running brooks, Sermons in stones, and good in every
931 IV | candle, or as it is when the servant puts coals on and lights
932 II | to the large screen, just shadows as much of it as is exactly
933 III | take this ring flame, I can shake, by means of a sieve, the
934 III | solution of a salt15 which, if shaken or disturbed, will at once
935 V | of flannel, which I have shaped into a cap for it and made
936 I | I have only to place two sharp-pointed sticks one each side, and
937 II | the sides of the bottle, shattered the latter to pieces.]~Here
938 II(12) | its name, from mico, to shine.
939 II | the drop burst, and the shock, being transmitted through
940 III | burn. [The lecturer here shook through the flame some iron
941 VI | at this spot. I will now shorten this wire for the sake of
942 VI | of showing you that, the shorter the obstructing wire is,
943 I | the whole collection of shots that may be considered as
944 IV | jar. Perhaps you will be shrewd enough to say for want of
945 IV | that we put it into a gun, shutting off the atmosphere with
946 I | our philosophy by standing sideways.~I remember an experiment
947 II(12) | Mica. A silicate of alumina and magnesia.
948 I | thus, beginning with the simplest experiments of pushing and
949 IV | at once. And this is very singular, because we know of nothing
950 III | touches it. You see the iron sinking into it; and while part
951 II | dropping the ivory ball]. You sit there upright, and I stand
952 III | 100.0~But oxygen is sixteen times the weight of the
953 V | burn the surface of the skin; whereas, if I touch that
954 V | the surface, owing to the slight greasiness communicated
955 VI | the acid liquid and the slips of zinc and platinum or
956 II | polished surfaces, but with sloping sides, not like the salt.
957 IV | becoming milky, but they are sluggish in their action - not quick
958 III | all. And you know how the smith takes a piece of iron and
959 III | transparent, never cloudy or smoky; they are, however, often
960 IV | fire.] And if you take a smooth metal button stuck on a
961 I | the mountains, the rocks, snow, and ice, together falling
962 IV | which will condense into a snowlike mass at the close of the
963 III | plate with a little of the soapsuds in it, and will just soap
964 III | have every thing lean and soapy). I will now blow a bubble,
965 Int | presidency of both the Royal Society and the Royal Institution.
966 II(13) | Common salt or chloride of sodium crystallizes in the form
967 III | the more it is heated the softer it becomes. Ah! but what
968 II | lead together, not with solder, but simply by means of
969 II | we now and then give our sole attention, so as to obtain
970 I(6) | afterward found that it could be solidified.
971 I | forms of matter besides solids and liquids tend to fall
972 | somewhere
973 Int | Michael Faraday was the son of a blacksmith, and was
974 I | as gold should fall.~I am sorry to see our time for parting
975 Int | communications between God and the soul on which his religious faith
976 IV | that each of these little sparks is a portion of the charcoal,
977 VI | the combustibility, so to speak, of the two. I will pour
978 I | our thoughts being called specifically to consider how all this
979 II | you wear? (I have put a specimen outside of a piece of straw
980 V | nature (of which I have two specimens on the table) which are
981 III | should want to close it speedily with something near at hand.
982 IV | have represented in these spheres; and this illustration gives
983 Int | mighty investigator."~In spite of the highly technical
984 IV | succeeded in blowing a splendid bubble, which rose majestically
985 II | attraction, but actually splits it up into different colors.
986 IV | instance, and a clean silver spoon (or a piece of clean tin
987 VI | is giving it out at this spot. I will now shorten this
988 V | these strips of paper, each spreading outward to the ceiling and
989 II | merely to give them a good squeeze, and draw the upper piece
990 III | edge of the lower crystals squeezed out, as it were, by the
991 I | it is when in the middle. Starting from one end of the stick,
992 I | same time too. Do not be startled at this statement; I repeat,
993 Int | boy to a bookbinder and stationer, to whom he was later bound
994 I | It is now very hot; it is steaming up; and I could perhaps
995 I | water] steam, and all other steams, gravitate just like any
996 IV | taken away his lamp; the stem of it is filling with water.
997 I | place two sharp-pointed sticks one each side, and give
998 I | wood, and thus give it a stiff handle, and there it is;
999 IV | liquid is hardening and stiffening, and before long I shall
1000 IV | I mix them together, and stir them so as to bring them