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Lucius Annaeus Seneca
On the Shortness of Life

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they

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1 I | life at an end just when they are getting ready to live. 2 I | such favour to animals that they drag out five or ten lifetimes,4 3 II | takes them unawares while they loll and yawnso surely 4 II | surround us on every side, and they do not permit us to rise 5 II | discernment of truth, but they keep us down when once they 6 II | they keep us down when once they have overwhelmed us and 7 II | their true selves; if ever they chance to find some release, 8 II | after the storm is past, they are tossed about, and no 9 II | prosperity men flock to behold; they are smothered by their blessings. 10 II | senseless indignation — they complain of the insolence 11 II | their superiors, because they were too busy to see them 12 II | too busy to see them when they wished an audience! But 13 III | this one theme, never could they adequately express their 14 III | seize their estates, and they rush to stones and arms 15 III | limit of their lands, yet they allow others to trespass 16 III | trespass upon their lifenay, they themselves even lead in 17 III | is right to be miserly, they show themselves most prodigal. 18 IV | let drop remarks in which they long for leisure, acclaim 19 IV | to all their blessings. They desire at times, if it could 20 IV | how many secret worries they concealed. Forced to pit 21 VI | but by these complaints they changed neither themselves 22 VI | themselves nor others. For when they have vented their feelings 23 VI | their feelings in words, they fall back into their usual 24 VI | such lives as yours, though they should pass the limit of 25 VII | engrossments.14 The others, even if they are possessed by the empty 26 VII(14) | the interests of life that they take no time for philosophy. ~~ 27 VII | people,15 see how much time they give to accounts, how much 28 VII | mastered so thoroughly that they could even play the master. 29 VII | from life confessing that they did not yet knowstill less 30 VII | any hour can now bring? They are all known, all have 31 VIII | others and those from whom they ask it most indulgent. Both 32 VIII | thing in the world; but they are blind to it because 33 VIII | and doles, and for these they hire out their labour or 34 VIII | the knees of physicians if they fall ill and the danger 35 VIII | draws nearer, see how ready they are, if threatened with 36 VIII | how sparing of them would they be! And yet it is easy to 37 VIII | time is; for to those whom they love most devotedly they 38 VIII | they love most devotedly they have a habit of saying that 39 VIII | have a habit of saying that they are ready to give them a 40 VIII | of their own years. And they do give it, without realizing 41 VIII | of their giving is that they themselves suffer loss without 42 VIII | ones. But the very thing they do not know is whether they 43 VIII | they do not know is whether they are suffering loss; therefore, 44 VIII | lost without being noticed they find is bearable. Yet no 45 IX | boast of their foresight? They keep themselves very busily 46 IX | busily engaged in order that they may be able to live better; 47 IX | be able to live better; they spend life in making ready 48 IX | in making ready to live! They form their purposes with 49 IX | are still childish, and they come to it unprepared and 50 IX | unprepared and unarmed, for they have made no provision for 51 IX | made no provision for it; they have stumbled upon it suddenly 52 IX | suddenly and unexpectedly, they did not notice that it was 53 X | particular fault, I say that they must be instructed, not 54 X | engrossed lose this; for they have no time to look back 55 X | upon the past, and even if they should have, it is not pleasant 56 X | pleasant to recall something they must view with regret. They 57 X | they must view with regret. They are, therefore, unwilling 58 X | vices become obvious if they review the past, even the 59 X | appear when you bid them, they will suffer you to behold 60 X | from them, distracted as they are among many things. ~ 61 XI | do you want to know how they do not "live long"? See 62 XI | live long"? See how eager they are to live long! Decrepit 63 XI | addition of a few more years; they pretend that they are younger 64 XI | years; they pretend that they are younger than they are; 65 XI | that they are younger than they are; they comfort themselves 66 XI | are younger than they are; they comfort themselves with 67 XI | deceive themselves as if they deceived Fate at the same 68 XI | mortality, in what terror do they die, feeling that they are 69 XI | do they die, feeling that they are being dragged out of 70 XI | and not merely leaving it. They cry out that they have been 71 XI | leaving it. They cry out that they have been fools, because 72 XI | have been fools, because they have not really lived, and 73 XI | not really lived, and that they will live henceforth in 74 XI | henceforth in leisure if only they escape from this illness; 75 XI | this illness; then at last they reflect how uselessly they 76 XI | they reflect how uselessly they have striven for things 77 XI | striven for things which they did not enjoy, and how all 78 XII | midst of solitude, although they have withdrawn from all 79 XII | withdrawn from all others, they are themselves the source 80 XII | hours at the barber's while they are being stripped of whatever 81 XII | the forehead? How angry they get if the barber has been 82 XII | shearing a real man! How they flare up if any of their 83 XII | and learning songs, while they twist the voice, whose best 84 XII | snapping their fingers as they beat time to some song they 85 XII | they beat time to some song they have in their head, who 86 XII | overheard humming a tune when they have been summoned to serious, 87 XII | since I see how anxiously they set out their silver plate, 88 XII | silver plate, how diligently they tie up the tunics of their 89 XII | slave-boys, how breathlessly they watch to see in what style 90 XII | drunkards. By such means they seek the reputation of being 91 XII | the privacies of life that they can neither eat nor drink 92 XII | reminded by someone else when they must bathe, when they must 93 XII | when they must bathe, when they must swim, when they must 94 XII | when they must swim, when they must dine; so enfeebled 95 XII | must dine; so enfeebled are they by the excessive lassitude 96 XII | of a pampered mind that they cannot find out by themselves 97 XII | out by themselves whether they are hungry! I hear that 98 XII | pretended not to know this. They really are subject to forgetfulness 99 XII | forgetfulness of many things, but they also pretend forgetfulness 100 XII | of luxury! In very truth, they pass over more than they 101 XII | they pass over more than they invent, and such a multitude 102 XIII | their bodies in the sun. They are not unoccupied whose 103 XIII | first, whether moreover they belong to the same author, 104 XIII | these matters, even if they add nothing to real glory, 105 XIII | Circus, though at other times they were exhibited in chains, 106 XIII | after a new fashion. Do they fight to the death? That 107 XIII | That is not enough! Are they torn to pieces? That is 108 XIII(29)| were so moved by pity that they rose in a body and called 109 XIII | For though you grant that they tell these things in good 110 XIII | things in good faith, though they pledge themselves for the 111 XIII | themselves for the truth of what they write, still whose mistakes 112 XIII | stories? Whose passions will they restrain? Whom will they 113 XIII | they restrain? Whom will they make more brave, whom more 114 XIV | XIV. Of all men they alone are at leisure who 115 XIV | take time for philosophy, they alone really live; for they 116 XIV | they alone really live; for they are not content to be good 117 XIV | their own lifetime only. They annex ever age to their 118 XIV | were born for us; for us they have prepared a way of life. 119 XIV | and others no rest, when they have fully indulged their 120 XIV | indulged their madness, when they have every day crossed everybody' 121 XIV | open door unvisited, when they have carried around their 122 XIV | varied desires, how few will they be able to see? How many 123 XIV | out! How many who, when they have tortured them with 124 XIV | But we may fairly say that they alone are engaged in the 125 XV | who fell to our lot, that they have been given to men by 126 XVI | brief and troubled; when they have reached the end of 127 XVI | that for such a long while they have been busied in doing 128 XVI | doing nothing. Nor because they sometimes invoke death, 129 XVI | think it any proof that they find life long. In their 130 XVI | life long. In their folly they are harassed by shifting 131 XVI | them into the very things they dread; they often pray for 132 XVI | very things they dread; they often pray for death because 133 XVI | often pray for death because they fear it. And, too, you have 134 XVI | that this is any proof that they are living a long timethe 135 XVI | them long, the fact that they complain that the hours 136 XVI | engrossments fail them, they are restless because they 137 XVI | they are restless because they are left with nothing to 138 XVI | with nothing to do, and they do not know how to dispose 139 XVI | drag out the time. And so they strive for something else 140 XVI | time is irksome; exactly as they do when a gladiatorial exhibition\ 141 XVI | been announced, or when they are waiting for the appointed 142 XVI | other show or amusement, they want to skip over the days 143 XVI | postponement of something they hope for seems long to them. 144 XVI | them. Yet the time which they enjoy is short and swift, 145 XVI | by their own fault; for they flee from one pleasure to 146 XVI | scanty seem the nights which they spend in the arms of a harlot 147 XVI | frailties by the tales in which they represent that Jupiter under 148 XVI | weakness? Can the nights which they pay for so dearly fail to 149 XVI | too short to these men? They lose the day in expectation 150 XVII | kings to weep over the power they possessed, and they have 151 XVII | power they possessed, and they have not so much delighted 152 XVII | greatness of their fortune, as they have viewed with terror 153 XVII | uneasy from fear? Because they do not rest on stable causes, 154 XVII | perturbed as groundlessly as they are born. But of what sort 155 XVII | since even the joys by which they are exalted and lifted above 156 XVII | who work hard to gain what they must work harder to keep. 157 XVII | harder to keep. By great toil they attain what they wish, and 158 XVII | great toil they attain what they wish, and with anxiety hold 159 XVII | and with anxiety hold what they have attained; meanwhile 160 XVII | have attained; meanwhile they take no account of time 161 XVII | ambition to new ambition. They do not seek an end of their 162 XVIII | the greatest subterfuge they concealed the great evil 163 XX | bought at the price of life. They will waste all their years, 164 XX | their years, in order that they may have one year reckoned 165 XX | first struggles, before they could climb up to the height 166 XX | their ambition; some, when they have crawled up through 167 XX | the unhappy thought that they have but toiled for an inscription 168 XX | to extreme old age, while they adjusted it to new hopes 169 XX | longer than their ability; they fight against the weakness 170 XX | the weakness of the body, they judge old age to be a hardship 171 XX | the law. Meantime, while they rob and are being robbed, 172 XX | are being robbed, while they break up each other's repose, 173 XX | each other's repose, while they make each other wretched, 174 XX | wax tapers,47 as though they had lived but the tiniest 175 XX(47) | i.e., as if they were children, whose funerals


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