Part, Chapter
1 I, I | window panes with fresh ice. The whistling wind made
2 I, IV | rapidity of a skater on ice, can be fastened to the
3 I, V | thaw became complete.~The ice of the lake was still unbroken.
4 I, V | surrounded on every side by ice, and I have but to stretch
5 I, VI | they wandered amongst the ice masses, already beginning
6 I, VI | by the sharp edges of the ice, touched them with all manner
7 I, VI | country; that the melted ice will impede the sliding
8 I, VII | if such a sea, free from ice, really exist, it is very
9 I, VII | firm footing, whether on ice or rock, all the way. Then
10 I, VII | fearful fury. Pieces of ice, broken off by the hurricane,
11 I, VII | on the brittle masses of ice, and in three-quarters of
12 I, VII | broken masses. The blocks of ice cracked with an awful noise,
13 I, VIII | it; it is now free from ice, and the wind is favourable.
14 I, VIII | season of the year free from ice. He advised the Lieutenant
15 I, X | gained. It was now free from ice, and its clear and rapid
16 I, X | landscape. A few blocks of ice, drifted down by the river,
17 I, XIII | so many receptacles of ice. The partitions impede the
18 I, XIII | to winter in the midst of ice have one large room in the
19 I, XIV | so constructed that the ice which would form in it could
20 I, XVI | Fahrenheit; and thin coatings of ice appeared here and there,
21 I, XVII | formation upon them of coats of ice in sudden falls of temperature.
22 I, XVII | impenetrable barrier.~The “ young ice “ was rapidly forming on
23 I, XVII | from the surface of the ice against the opposite atmosphere.
24 I, XVII | edges, known as “ drift ice,” and the “ hummocks,” or
25 I, XVII | as rapidly as skaters on ice; Mrs Barnett had early practised
26 I, XVII | the ocean now covered with ice several feet thick. It was,
27 I, XVII | with piled-up ridges of ice and hummocks which had to
28 I, XVII | proportions, five or six yards of ice looked like two, and many
29 I, XVIII| contained several pounds of ice.~Outside drifts whirled
30 I, XVIII| pipes being choked up with ice; they were not, in fact,
31 I, XVIII| over with thick lumps of ice, and resisted every effort
32 I, XVIII| remove, but compact blocks of ice, which required pick-axes
33 I, XVIII| would be to dig away the ice inside the enceinte, so
34 I, XVIII| quickly dispelled. The wall of ice, which connected the northern
35 I, XIX | years ago. Probably the ice rests on a bed of granite,
36 I, XIX | made of earth instead of ice, it would certainly have
37 I, XIX | coast, strewn with masses of ice.~The moon, already in the
38 I, XIX | through the holes in the ice which they always keep open.~
39 I, XX | edges or surfaces of the ice, became bent and diffracted;
40 I, XX | like a fairy scene in which ice and snow combined to add
41 I, XX | have been dangerous to eat ice. Another effect of the cold
42 I, XX | ill-ventilated rooms, and layers of ice, increasing in thickness
43 I, XX | from the pressure of the ice.~Lieutenant Hobson did not
44 I, XX | men fall fainting on the ice under similar circumstances;
45 I, XXI | with a thick coating of ice. This was done several times
46 I, XXI | of the roof beneath the ice, and there was some danger
47 I, XXI | might be so blocked up with ice that it would be very difficult
48 I, XXII | until early in April. The ice burst with a noise like
49 I, XXII | that the upper layer of ice on the beach rapidly dissolved,
50 I, XXII | Cape Bathurst.~Whilst the ice was disappearing from the
51 I, XXII | the sea being free from ice, the coast-line could be
52 II, I | but an immense piece of ice, five hundred square miles
53 II, I | Fort Hope was built upon ice! Hobson at once understood
54 II, I | the thaw came, when the ice fields, melted beneath the
55 II, I | more than a vast sheet of ice welded for centuries to
56 II, I | feet is a foundation of ice, which floats upon the water
57 II, I | it. Yes, it is a sheet of ice which bears us up, and is
58 II, I | perpendicular, this is why we found ice ten feet below the surface
59 II, II | the colonists, shut in by ice and surrounded by impassable
60 II, II | cross a few hundred miles of ice was no such terrible prospect
61 II, II | often told of pieces of ice being drifted an immense
62 II, II | being on the island when the ice breaks up, and we must make
63 II, II | the whole party when the ice was breaking up all round,
64 II, II | he could get across the ice to firm ground before the
65 II, II | now. The winter will bring ice, our only anchor of salvation,
66 II, III | configuration of this sheet of ice, subject as it was to the
67 II, III | the stratified layers of ice and earth of which the soil
68 II, III | feared that the vast sheet of ice would be worn away at the
69 II, III | dread being shut in the ice; and the icebergs, avalanches,
70 II, III | trees! Perhaps the sheet of ice on which we float was welded
71 II, III | thickness of the crust of ice and of the layer of earth
72 II, IV | evident that the substratum of ice, fretted by the warmer waters
73 II, IV | examined. The banks- half ice, half sand and earth-rose
74 II, IV | several small blocks of ice floating in the offing,
75 II, IV | to examine the piece of ice which formed the island,
76 II, IV | so express it, “metallic” ice, strong enough to support
77 II, IV | the island.~This layer of ice was not more than one foot
78 II, IV | disposition of the sheets of ice piled up horizontally, and
79 II, IV | case in running waters-the ice forming at the bottom, and
80 II, IV | Hobson noticed that the solid ice, the ice-field properly
81 II, IV | four-fifths of a floating mass of ice are always submerged. For
82 II, IV | specific weight of floating ice, varies considerably according
83 II, IV | the sun, are lighter than ice formed from fresh water.
84 II, IV | vegetable layer above the ice. Hobson concluded it to
85 II, IV | intended to dig a hole in the ice big enough to hold three
86 II, IV | to dig too deeply, as the ice was not more than five feet
87 II, IV | gently down to the crust of ice.~He next attacked the brittle
88 II, IV | rather a burrow with walls of ice, which would keep in the
89 II, IV | that the thinness of the ice would lead to the opening
90 II, IV | had stuck in the wall of ice, and calling out loudly,
91 II, IV | Whilst he was digging, the ice had given way suddenly beneath
92 II, IV | spaniel, “except that the ice gave way under me, and I
93 II, IV | through fifteen inches of the ice, and I expect there was
94 II, IV | where I was working-the ice did not touch the water.
95 II, IV | accumulation of air-the ice had formed a kind of vault
96 II, V | the layers of earth and ice at the part where the isthmus
97 II, V | that the thickness of the ice below the sea level was
98 II, V | breaking up or sinking of the ice field.~The rest of the colony
99 II, V | was partly hollowed out of ice; its walls have melted with
100 II, V | produced by the melting of ice.”~“Why not, Marbre?” “Because
101 II, V | Because if it came from ice it would be sweet, as you
102 II, V | murmured Sergeant Long. “The ice is wearing away.”~“Oh for
103 II, VIII | he saw a large piece of ice separate from the island
104 II, VIII | there be shut in by the ice of the approaching winter,
105 II, VIII | see new fractures in the ice distinctly. The strand,
106 II, VIII | already had two falls of snow. Ice is [begininng] beginning
107 II, VIII | the rain, the snow, the ice, the icebergs of the ocean,
108 II, VIII | away, and a huge piece of ice, the centre of gravity of
109 II, VIII | herself upon the broken ice before it floated away,
110 II, VIII | breaking off of the piece of ice, the bear started back with
111 II, VIII | carrying it to the edge of the ice, plunged with it into the
112 II, VIII | managed to climb up the ice, and having reached the
113 II, IX | Kalumah— how the piece of ice had floated away, and how
114 II, X | us where we are, if the ice wall would shut us in, and
115 II, X | venturing across the frozen ice fields we might perhaps
116 II, X | in the journey across the ice after the abandonment of
117 II, X | September, the first signs of ice appeared upon the sea in
118 II, X | appearance of the “young ice” with extreme attention.
119 II, X | thickness of the coating of ice on the sea. Gradually the
120 II, X | spring should again thaw the ice, which would be to abandon
121 II, X | they were now. The “young ice” was gradually forming along
122 II, X | regular or continuous sheet of ice. Large blackish patches
123 II, X | produced by the breaking of the ice field when the rain melted
124 II, X | equally maintained, for the ice consisted of an accumulation
125 II, X | difficult enough, even if the ice had been rendered solid
126 II, X | is,” said Long, “and the ice gets thicker every day.
127 II, X | peninsula is but an island of ice, a wandering island”——~At
128 II, XII | the sea became free from ice in the spring, the new island
129 II, XII | inevitably be crushed when the ice broke up, and that, before
130 II, XII | Michael was partly filled with ice and snow; but it must not
131 II, XII | and consolidation of the ice. Large pools of water occurred
132 II, XII | there between the pieces of ice, and it was impossible to
133 II, XII | our plans. The pieces of ice are small, and their jagged
134 II, XII | the sea became free from ice in the spring, the new island
135 II, XII | inevitably be crushed when the ice broke up, and that, before
136 II, XII | Michael was partly filled with ice and snow, but it must not
137 II, XII | and consolidation of the ice. Large pools of water occurred
138 II, XII | there between the pieces of ice, and it was impossible to
139 II, XII | our plans. The pieces of ice are small, and their jagged
140 II, XII | slowly along over the broken ice, bounding from one piece
141 II, XII | practicable path across the ice—it, too, seemed anxious
142 II, XII | from the doomed island. The ice gave way beneath its weight,
143 II, XII | quarter of a mile across the ice, and then, its farther progress
144 II, XII | of a journey across the ice to be allowed for, but also
145 II, XII | ever-changing, ever-moving blocks of ice.~Really all nature seemed
146 II, XII | water melted the snow and ice in many places, and the
147 II, XIII | and there many layers of ice were piled one upon another,
148 II, XIII | a confusion of masses of ice, which looked as if they
149 II, XIII | getting over one wall of ice which rose some twenty miles
150 II, XIII | the masses of permanent ice in the north had not here
151 II, XIII | the dissolution of what ice there was.~On the 24th November
152 II, XIII | impossible to cross the ice. It was decided to start
153 II, XIV | examine the state of the ice. All along the south of
154 II, XIV | horizon, which drove the ice towards the north, and squeezed
155 II, XIV | holes neatly cut in the ice, the use of which she knew
156 II, XIV | beneath the solid crust of ice, and by which they came
157 II, XIV | beast was dragged upon the ice, and despatched with hatchets.~
158 II, XV | seasons,” replied Hobson, “the ice does not break up until
159 II, XV | soon amongst the floating ice; and I think our best plan
160 II, XV | runs the other way, the ice always goes down the Behring
161 II, XV | a fresh accumulation of ice at the base, and that it
162 II, XV | like that of thunder. The ice on the north was compressed
163 II, XV | down.~Some large pieces of ice, in spite of their weight,
164 II, XV | narrow strait about which the ice accumulated in large quantities,
165 II, XV | beneath the huge blocks of ice driven inland from the offing,
166 II, XV | which the moving masses of ice crushed upon each other,
167 II, XV | the shocks of the floating ice. She might have been taken
168 II, XV | direction. On this side the ice wall rose not three miles
169 II, XV | accumulation of blocks of ice of every shape and size,
170 II, XV | were seen embedded in the ice, all, however, of Tropical
171 II, XV | converted into water the ice which now held them in its
172 II, XV | dug out a grotto in the ice with their chisels, into
173 II, XV | ascertained that the barrier of ice was of moderate thickness,
174 II, XV | cross after leaving the ice. This would be a few hours
175 II, XV | mistake when we left the ice cavern this morning,” observed
176 II, XV | when, on stepping on to the ice field, at the base of the
177 II, XV | XVI~ THE BREAK-UP OF THE ICE~Two hours later all had
178 II, XV | the island, but the vast ice field in which it was enclosed—
179 II, XV | that the breaking up of the ice would commence suddenly.
180 II, XV | flooded the surface of the ice. As the whalers poetically
181 II, XV | decomposed, or “pancake” ice, in all weathers, through
182 II, XV | guide a boat amongst the ice.~Every day Kalumah went
183 II, XV | surer than hers upon the ice, no one could spring more
184 II, XV | accelerated the dissolution of the ice. It was to be hoped that
185 II, XV | the breaking up of the ice does not proceed upwards
186 II, XV | from the accumulation of ice on the coast during the
187 II, XV | actual breaking up of the ice commenced. In the morning
188 II, XV | that whilst part of the ice field was floating to the
189 II, XV | north to south, and that the ice wall would shortly feel
190 II, XV | The breaking up of the ice proceeded rapidly and with
191 II, XV | with a great noise, and the ice field opened all round the
192 II, XV | Bathurst, the blocks of ice were already beginning to
193 II, XV | of the breaking up of the ice, the temperature fell several
194 II, XV | When the break up of the ice had come at last, when the
195 II, XVII | thickness of the layer of ice supporting the earth and
196 II, XVII | crossing five hundred miles of ice in the darkness of the Polar
197 II, XVII | the broken and half-melted ice should allow of the passage
198 II, XVII | Hobson fancied he felt the ice beneath his feet trembling,
199 II, XVII | he cried at last, “the ice may have opened, we may
200 II, XVII | the avalanche. Masses of ice were crowding upon each
201 II, XVII | beneath an immense block of ice which fell upon them. A
202 II, XVII | heap of sand, earth, and ice, beneath which the principal
203 II, XVIII| enceinte. The masses of ice were rolling down from the
204 II, XVIII| upon which rolled blocks of ice to a height of fifty or
205 II, XVIII| accumulation of earth, sand, and ice, that the victims were to
206 II, XVIII| the fall of the blocks of ice from the icebergs.” “God
207 II, XVIII| pickaxes. The masses of ice, sand, and earth, were vigorously
208 II, XVIII| destroy or get rid of the ice in the shortest possible
209 II, XVIII| through the twenty feet of ice; but great difficulty would
210 II, XVIII| great difficulty, but the ice was so hard that the progress
211 II, XVIII| through the last layer of ice, and by that time they would
212 II, XVIII| from a falling block of ice. The wound was not however
213 II, XVIII| sunk through twenty feet of ice and thirty of sand and earth.~
214 II, XVIII| gone through the crust of ice which forma the foundation
215 II, XVIII| more likely than that the ice forming the foundation of
216 II, XIX | knew that the crust of the ice must have given way, and
217 II, XIX | resist, and two blocks of ice abutting from the roof saved
218 II, XIX | point beyond which floating ice does not advance. It approaches
219 II, XIX | the exact locality where ice will melt; in severe and
220 II, XIX | dissolved every atom of ice.~Strange indeed was the
221 II, XX | to ascertaining where the ice was thickest, and it was
222 II, XX | importance—but the crust of ice was thicker than anywhere
223 II, XX | with soil to protect the ice from the action of the warm
224 II, XX | waves would now eat away the ice all round the crevasse.~
225 II, XX | since the breaking up of the ice set it free in Behring Strait
226 II, XXI | rested on a thin crust of ice; but then it was covered
227 II, XXI | There will be plenty of ice, my friends,” he said. “
228 II, XXI | evaporation. A few blocks of ice were therefore “disinterred,”
229 II, XXI | came to lick the blocks of ice. They were all uneasy, and
230 II, XXII | kind, so completely had the ice been worn away by the constant
231 II, XXII | Twenty-one persons on an islet of ice which must quickly melt
232 II, XXII | was really quite hot. The ice which had been “disinterred”
233 II, XXII | fire. Thin pieces of the ice crust of the steep beach
234 II, XXII | change their course when ice is sighted; and this vessel
235 II, XXII | was now merely a piece of ice.~
236 II, XXIII| CHAPTER XXIII.~ ON A PIECE OF ICE.~A piece of ice, a jagged
237 II, XXIII| PIECE OF ICE.~A piece of ice, a jagged triangular strip
238 II, XXIII| jagged triangular strip of ice, measuring one hundred feet
239 II, XXIII| might suffice to break the ice.~No one would touch the
240 II, XXIII| miserable little strip of ice formed the centre. But the
241 II, XXIII| islet! Their own piece of ice was probably the very last
242 II, XXIII| the morsel of earth and ice, which was all that was
243 II, XXIII| not melt; but this bit of ice, this solidified water,
244 II, XXIII| of the sun!~This piece of ice had formed the thickest
245 II, XXIII| covered it, and the base of ice must have been of considerable
246 II, XXIII| have “fed it with fresh ice,” in the countless centuries
247 II, XXIII| very near the edge of the ice. There was fortunately no
248 II, XXIII| draw for a supply upon the ice, every atom of which was
249 II, XXIII| the splash of pieces of ice as they fell into the sea.
250 II, XXIII| very edge of the strip of ice.~This night also passed
251 II, XXIII| to examine the piece of ice. Its perimeter was still
252 II, XXIII| might drive the strip of ice before it if a sail of some
253 II, XXIII| could be concocted. The ice had still several hours
254 II, XXIII| evident that the strip of ice was rapidly moving towards
255 II, XXIII| however; for the strip of ice floated along on the waves
256 II, XXIII| sir?”~“I mean that the ice is being rapidly fretted
257 II, XXIII| Absolutely certain. The ice is longer and flatter. Look,
258 II, XXIII| expected from the motion of the ice.~“Sergeant,” resumed Hobson, “
259 II, XXIII| speed we have given to the ice,” he said, “is causing it
260 II, XXIII| wind freshened, but the ice was melting everywhere;
261 II, XXIII| At half-past seven the ice was much nearer the land,
262 II, XXIII| especially at the edges of the ice, to protect it from the
263 II, XXIII| the lower portion of the ice began to crack, and several
264 II, XXIII| shot up, but the strip of ice continued to melt and sink.
265 II, XXIII| nothing be done to make the ice last longer? In three hours,
266 II, XXIII| if only I could stop the ice from melting! I would give
267 II, XXIII| checking the dissolution of the ice—there is one way of saving
268 II, XXIII| he mad? Did he take the ice for a sinking vessel, with
269 II, XXIII| be? Could they harden the ice, which was melting all over?~“
270 II, XXIII| escape, walking round the ice wherever it was melting.~
271 II, XXIII| volunteers. The edges of the ice were again solidified, as
272 II, XXIII| vaporised on the surface of the ice produced intense cold, and
273 II, XXIII| immediately re-froze. Wherever the ice was opening the cold cemented
274 II, XXIII| few minutes afterwards the ice ran aground upon a beach,
275 II, XXIV | since the breaking-up of the ice. They were hospitably received
276 II, XXIV | and the islet a strip of ice, nor even when that strip
277 II, XXIV | even when that strip of ice was melting beneath the
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