Book, Chapter

  1 pre  |            known of him), it proves, by absolute reasons, the impossibility
  2 pre  |         Christ, it is moreover shown by plain reasoning and fact
  3 I, 1 |             most earnestly requested by many, both personally and
  4 I, 1 |            many, both personally and by letter, that I would hand
  5 I, 1 |           sake of attaining to faith by means of reason, but that
  6 I, 1 |           that they may be gladdened by understanding and meditating
  7 I, 1 |           sooth, God became man, and by his own death, as we believe
  8 I, 1 |             he might have done this, by means of some other being,
  9 I, 1 |          angelic or human, or merely by his will. Not only the learned,
 10 I, 1 |             sufficient has been said by the holy fathers and their
 11 I, 1 | investigations, which are carried on by question and answer, are
 12 I, 2 |            undertake to discuss them by reason; so to my mind it
 13 I, 2 |             faith of our redemption, by the prevenient grace of
 14 I, 2 |              easy, in my opinion, is by no means useless; for ignorance
 15 I, 2 |              things difficult, which by acquaintance with them become
 16 I, 2 |             appear to demonstrate it by argument, yet it is not
 17 I, 3 |              which we had forfeited; by so much the more has he
 18 I, 3 |             came upon the human race by the disobedience of man,
 19 I, 3 |             man, it was fitting that by man's obedience life should
 20 I, 3 |           tree, should be vanquished by man in the suffering of
 21 I, 4 |            human race were delivered by their Creator himself?~ ~
 22 I, 5 |            man could not be effected by any other being but God.~
 23 I, 5 |          said to be effected somehow by any other being than God (
 24 I, 5 |            just as he made Adam, and by this man it should seem
 25 I, 6 |             that God has redeemed us by his death, and thus has
 26 I, 6 |           purchasing your redemption by so many sufferings, and
 27 I, 6 |              sufferings, and finally by his own blood? And when
 28 I, 6 |         kingdom of heaven; and that, by doing all these things,
 29 I, 6 |        believe, created the universe by a word, could not do all
 30 I, 6 |              not do all these things by a simple command, you contradict
 31 I, 6 |           bring up are all regulated by his will; for the wrath
 32 I, 6 |           sin; and, what he had lost by reason of these sins, he
 33 I, 6 |           when he could have done it by his simple will, observe,
 34 I, 6 |            without motive should do, by severe toil, a thing which
 35 I, 7 |             was stolen from his Lord by the persuasions of the other,
 36 I, 7 |           him in some other way than by means of the devil, or of
 37 I, 7 |             deserved to be tormented by the devil, yet the devil
 38 I, 7 |              him to be punished than by that being to whom he had
 39 I, 7 |         because he was not led to it by a love of justice, but urged
 40 I, 7 |             of justice, but urged on by a malicious impulse. For
 41 I, 7 |           are brought to this belief by seeing that man is justly
 42 I, 7 |              just unjust, and hence, by those who do not carefuIIy
 43 I, 7 |          just suffering is inflicted by the hand of justice itself,
 44 I, 7 |              but that he is punished by the just judgment of God.
 45 I, 7 |            against us, and cancelled by the death of Christ; and
 46 I, 7 |          thinks that it was intended by this decree that the devil,
 47 I, 7 |             right over man, I do not by any means think that it
 48 I, 7 |           the devil, but of God. For by the just judgment of God
 49 I, 7 |           and, as it were, confirmed by writing, that, since man
 50 I, 8 |        sinners in any other way than by condemning the just, where
 51 I, 8 |          have bound him, as it were, by his injunction. For it is
 52 I, 8 |            that Christ endured death by the constraint of obedience,
 53 I, 8 |        constraint of obedience, than by the inclination of his own
 54 I, 9 |            he suffered, not demanded by obedience, but inflicted
 55 I, 9 |           used, because he did learn by experience what he had an
 56 I, 9 |      exaltation in any other way but by obedience unto death; nor
 57 I, 9 |            had been committed to him by the Father, and that all
 58 I, 9 |             of his omnipotence, than by his death. For if a thing
 59 I, 9 |             improperly said to occur by reason of that thing. For
 60 I, 9 |              do something else first by means of which it may be
 61 I, 9 |            of expression, when it is by means of a thing which we
 62 I, 9 |            to do something else, not by means of that thing, but
 63 I, 9 |          will be done;" he signifies by his own will the natural
 64 I, 9 |             in any other way, except by man's doing so great a thing
 65 I, 0 |           interpretation that it was by that same holy will by which
 66 I, 0 |           was by that same holy will by which the son wished to
 67 I, 0 |             him commandment (yet not by compulsion), and the cup
 68 I, 0 |            Father; so also that will by which he desired to die
 69 I, 0 |           the Father is said to draw by imparting an inclination,
 70 I, 0 |              a man is drawn or moved by his will to that which he
 71 I, 0 |            or moved the Son to death by giving him that will; who
 72 I, 0 |            death? In this way, also, by following the will received
 73 I, 0 |              work to be accomplished by obedience. For this is real
 74 I, 0 |         other salvation for them but by his death; and not to show
 75 I, 0 |             belief that he died, not by compulsion, but of free
 76 I, 0 |       anything not previously proved by reason, I wish to have it
 77 I, 0 |          reason if it be not opposed by a greater. For as it is
 78 I, 0 |           small, if not overbalanced by a greater, has the force
 79 I, 0 |            arrive at happiness, save by freedom from sin, and that
 80 I, 1 |             s safety does not enough by merely restoring his safety,
 81 I, 1 |              s honor does not enough by merely rendering honor again,
 82 I, 2 |             for God to put away sins by compassion alone, without
 83 I, 2 |             for God to put away sins by compassion alone, without
 84 I, 2 |          punished, then is it passed by undischarged.~Boso. What
 85 I, 2 |             follows if sin be passed by unpunished, viz., that with
 86 I, 2 |          justice to man is regulated by law, so that, according
 87 I, 2 |         measure of award is bestowed by God.~Boso. This is our belief.~
 88 I, 2 |        therefore, if it is cancelled by compassion alone, is more
 89 I, 2 |              will itself be impaired by forsaking truth. When, then,
 90 I, 3 |         injustice suffered than that by which so great an evil must
 91 I, 4 |              to God of his own will, by avoiding sin or making payment,
 92 I, 4 |              subjects him to himself by torments, even against man'
 93 I, 4 |             able to attain happiness by avoiding sin; if, on account
 94 I, 4 |           that it is taken away. For by this act he shows that the
 95 I, 5 |              preserves, naturally or by reason, the condition belonging,
 96 I, 5 |            ought, he honors God; not by bestowing anything upon
 97 I, 6 |   contemplation of God, was foreseen by him in a certain reasonable
 98 I, 7 |          that good angels are upheld by the fall of evil angels,
 99 I, 7 |             fall of evil angels, but by their own virtue. For, as
100 I, 7 |           some one to fall, in order by his punishment to uphold
101 I, 8 |             that angels are restored by the substitution of men,
102 I, 8 |             creature naturally shows by the arrangement of God.
103 I, 8 |           was waiting to complete it by men, when he should renovate
104 I, 8 |             when they were conquered by sin, they were so weakened
105 I, 8 |              say anything not upheld by greater authority, though
106 I, 8 |             angels only are intended by both expressions, "angels
107 I, 8 |          whole celestial kingdom. Or by angels of God may be understood
108 I, 8 |     understood holy angels only, and by children of Israel, holy
109 I, 8 |           Israel, holy men only; or, by children of Israel, angels
110 I, 8 |             Israel, angels only, and by angels of God, holy men.
111 I, 8 |              men together, are meant by the expression "children
112 I, 8 |             life, will cease. But if by "angels of God" we only
113 I, 8 |          understand holy angels, and by "children of Israel " only
114 I, 8 |              have their ranks filled by men, it does not follow
115 I, 8 |              of evil angels.~Boso. I by no means regret that I urged
116 I, 9 |      afterwards taking it all soiled by the mire and unwashed, should
117 I, 9 |           debt, God can neither pass by the sin unpunished, nor
118 I, 0 |            man, as you would be done by; and that he who will not
119 I, 0 |           servants of one Lord, made by him out of nothing. And
120 I, 0 |              what do you give to God by your obedience, which is
121 I, 0 |        Christian faith, "which works by love," that I may be saved,
122 I, 0 |         Anselm.. Let us then proceed by reason simply.~Boso. Though
123 I, 1 |     happiness any being bound at all by the debt of sin, because
124 I, 2 |              himself to be conquered by the devil; for which be
125 I, 2 |          devil, to conquer the devil by not yielding to his temptation,
126 I, 2 |        should not sin though tempted by the devil, while the devil,
127 I, 2 |         first sball have honored God by overcoming the devil, as
128 I, 2 |             should conquer the devil by the pain of death, while
129 I, 3 |               What man took from God by his sin, which he has no
130 I, 3 |       allowed himself to be overcome by the devil?~Boso. Go on to
131 I, 3 |    satisfaction for his sin, unless, by overcoming the devil, man
132 I, 3 |              himself to be conquered by the devil; so that, as by
133 I, 3 |            by the devil; so that, as by this conquest over man the
134 I, 3 |             man cannot and ought not by any means to receive from
135 I, 3 |           took from him; so that, as by man God suffered loss, by
136 I, 3 |            by man God suffered loss, by man, also, He might recover
137 I, 3 |            his heavenly kingdom; so, by man's victory, as many men
138 I, 3 |           fill. But a sinful man can by no means do this, for a
139 I, 4 |             happy, nor is he excused by want of power. ~Anselm..
140 I, 4 |            his appointed work?~Boso. By no means, but will rather
141 I, 4 |             which he cannot pay, and by his own fault disabled himself,
142 I, 4 |           debt which be has incurred by sin. For his very inability
143 I, 4 |         crime to have that inability by which he can neither do
144 I, 4 |        account of his sin. For it is by his own free action that
145 I, 4 |          about to take away from man by punishment, even against
146 I, 4 |      speaking of that exceeding pity by which he makes man happy
147 I, 4 |            that I have amply proved, by the reasons given above,
148 I, 4 |              not to take place, save by the payment of the debt
149 I, 4 |         payment of the debt incurred by sin, according to the extent
150 I, 4 |            whole number be confirmed by impregnable truth, that
151 I, 4 |            it be demonstrably proved by one argument as by many.~
152 I, 4 |            proved by one argument as by many.~Boso. Surely this
153 I, 4 |           show me how a man is saved by Christ.~ ~
154 I, 5 |             XXV.~How man's salvation by Christ is necessarily possible. ~
155 I, 5 |         proved that man can be saved by Christ, when even infidels
156 I, 5 |           found for man? For, either by Christ or by some one else
157 I, 5 |             For, either by Christ or by some one else can man be
158 I, 5 |        salvation must necessarily be by Christ.~Boso. But what reply
159 I, 5 |    understanding how he can be saved by Christ, sees fit to declare
160 I, 5 |              be any salvation either by Christ or in any other way?~
161 I, 5 |             what is clearly made out by absolute reasoning ought
162 I, 5 |             absolute reasoning ought by no means to be questioned,
163 I, 5 |             have brought me thus far by your reasoning, so that
164 I, 5 |             enable me to understand, by force of. reasoning, the
165 I, 5 |           man, and how God saves man by compassion; when he never
166 I, 5 |          those which have been said, by a new introduction, lest
167 I, 5 |             a new introduction, lest by their unbroken length, these
168 II, 1|             I.~How man was made holy by God, so as to be happy in
169 II, 1|        rational nature was made holy by God, in order to be happy
170 II, 4|          cannot be accomplished save by a complete expiation of
171 II, 5|         necessary, God may not do it by a compulsory necessity;
172 II, 5|            there is also a necessity by which the favor deserves
173 II, 5|              it when one undertakes, by a vow, a design of holy
174 II, 5|             at his creation; and yet by freely creating man, God
175 II, 5|            In fine, God does nothing by necessity, since he is not
176 II, 6|               can make the atonement by which man is saved. ~Anselm..
177 II, 7|           Divine, cannot be produced by a change from one into the
178 II, 7|              one into the other, nor by an imperfect commingling
179 II, 8|             must rise and be exalted by means of itself. For, whoever
180 II, 8|              it will certainly stand by that being who has made
181 II, 8|          make woman out of man, that by the union of both sexes
182 II, 8|           race of Adam be reinstated by any being not of the same
183 II, 8|               necessary that the man by whom Adam's race shall be
184 II, 8|       whether the human nature taken by God must be produced from
185 II, 9|        incarnation, and he also who, by the incarnation, will be
186 II, 9|             Trinity; for the Father, by assuming humanity, will
187 II, 9|              a false likeness to God by their own will. Wherefore
188 II, 9|            one person.~Boso. The way by which you lead me is so
189 II, 9|            you lead me is so guarded by reason that I cannot deviate
190 II, 0|           yet has not deserved this, by refusing to sin when he
191 II, 0|          possesses and maintains not by any necessity, but, as before
192 II, 0|      necessity, but, as before said, by his own infinite unchangeableness.
193 II, 1|         really man, and every man is by nature mortal.~Anselm..
194 II, 1|          definition of man, as given by philosophers, for they have
195 II, 1|              of none, if you do not, by which we may prove that
196 II, 1|        whether he lays down his life by the intervention of no other
197 II, 1|              so that he lays it down by permitting it to be taken,
198 II, 1|              are unavoidably brought by reason.~Anselm. Reason has
199 II, 1|             will give himself to God by obedience, so as, by steadily
200 II, 1|             God by obedience, so as, by steadily maintaining holiness,
201 II, 1|            thing not demanded of him by God as his due. For every
202 II, 1|               And if he was overcome by the devil in the easiest
203 II, 1|      possible, so as to dishonor God by sinning against him, is
204 II, 1|            his sin, should honor God by conquering the devil with
205 II, 1|           voluntarily when not bound by obligation; and man cannot
206 II, 1|              any way more truly than by surrendering himself to
207 II, 1|              possibly be shown to be by mere reason without experience.
208 II, 1|          mankind, and lead them back by his teaching from the way
209 II, 1|              and when he taught them by personal intercourse, to
210 II, 3|              and yet cannot prove it by reason.~ ~
211 II, 5|            destroy any sin committed by other men? For we believe
212 II, 5|            and that this can only be by the forgiveness of sins,
213 II, 5|         which man can never have but by man, who must be at the
214 II, 5|             reconcile sinners to God by his own death. Therefore
215 II, 5|        gratify one already confirmed by the knowledge of the truth
216 II, 6|             which was wholly tainted by sin, take, a man without
217 II, 6|            restoring of human nature by God is more wonderful than
218 II, 6|            man was made he deserved, by his sin, to lose his existence
219 II, 6|            concealed in this matter, by showing some one that you
220 II, 6|           that you know of, than if, by saying nothing, you make
221 II, 6|              wished to obtain pardon by the work that day accomplished,
222 II, 6|            and to be set right again by the efficacy of this plan,
223 II, 6|           this thing be accomplished by which his sins are removed.
224 II, 6|              in vain.~Boso. You show by correct reasoning, such
225 II, 6|           from him, he also was pure by and of himself.~ ~
226 II, 7|              his mother was purified by the power of his death,
227 II, 7|          this could only be effected by true faith in his death,
228 II, 7|           lie, he was so constituted by nature as not to wish to
229 II, 7|           wished to become man, that by the same unchanging desire
230 II, 7|             will of God does nothing by any necessity, but of his
231 II, 7|              would not have existed, by which the virgin who gave
232 II, 8|           say that God does anything by necessity, because there
233 II, 8|          necessity operate variously by turn, so that the same thing
234 II, 8|              say that that man (who, by the union of persons, is
235 II, 8|     unchangeableness of his purpose, by which he freely became man
236 II, 8|              this design, viz., that by persevering in his wish
237 II, 8|       anything is done, or not done, by necessity or weakness, when
238 II, 8|            this end was accomplished by the united natures of Christ,
239 II, 8|           herself, who was made pure by faith in him, so that he
240 II, 8|           not the cause of his dying by his own free will; but,
241 II, 8|             necessity to all things. By this subsequent and imperative
242 II, 8|       suffered all things undertaken by him; for this he chose as
243 II, 8|      Wherefore if they were not save by his will, then, had he not
244 II, 8|            he was subjected to death by any necessity; and I cannot
245 II, 8|           and how it was transmitted by our first parents to all
246 II, 8|            with this condition that, by the help of God, you will
247 II, 8|            the purpose of saving men by his death, when he could
248 II, 8|             some other way. And you, by numerous and positive reasons,
249 II, 9|            maintain strict holiness; by this he set men an example
250 II, 9|   sufficiently enforced this example by nobly dying for the sake
251 II, 9|            himself and not compelled by others, who deserved nothing
252 II, 9|              this is a debt not owed by the poor but by the rich.
253 II, 9|             not owed by the poor but by the rich. We also say that
254 II, 9|             our idea more definitely by clinging to the precise
255 II, 9|             he offered himself. And, by the names of Father and
256 II, 0|             the gift should be given by the Father to whomsoever
257 II, 0|            many of them weighed down by so heavy a debt, and wasting
258 II, 0|              remit the debt incurred by their sins, and give them
259 II, 0|          firm foundation, and which, by the help of God, we have
260 II, 0|             that he who had offended by sin should atone by holiness.
261 II, 0|         offended by sin should atone by holiness. As God owed nothing
262 II, 0|            man must only make amends by conquering the devil as
263 II, 0|           had already been conquered by him. But whatever was demanded
264 II, 2|          could not be reconciled but by the death of the God-man,
265 II, 2|            the death of the God-man, by whose holiness the loss
266 II, 2|         holiness the loss occasioned by man's sin should be made
267 II, 2|           angels cannot be saved but by the death of a God-angel
268 II, 2|             death of a God-angel who by his holiness may repair
269 II, 2|           repair the evil occasioned by the sins of his companions.
270 II, 2|             man must not be restored by a man of a different race,
271 II, 2|              angel ought to be saved by any other angel, though
272 II, 2|              any foreign aid, simply by the power given to them
273 II, 2|              angels, he is convinced by reason, for by reason he
274 II, 2|             convinced by reason, for by reason he has been deceived.
275 II, 3|            and incontrovertible. And by the solution of the single
276 II, 3|          proving that God became man by necessity, leaving out what
277 II, 3|        convince both Jews and Pagans by the mere force of reason.
278 II, 3|             which we have arrived at by reason seem confirmed by
279 II, 3|             by reason seem confirmed by the testimony of the truth,