Dialogue

   1 Euthyd|            have been composed before 390 at the soonest. Ctesippus,
   2 Euthyd|             the youth Cleinias; and (4) not yet to have reached
   3 Euthyd|             nephew, to his help, who ably succoured him; but if my
   4 Euthyd|              these philosophers from abroad. They are not serious, but,
   5 Euthyd|             two Sophists: (3) In the absence of any definite conclusion—
   6 Euthyd|            separate existence; it is absorbed in two other sciences: (
   7 Euthyd|              degree, when applied to abstract notions, were not understood;
   8 Euthyd|          language so transparent, no abstraction so barren and unmeaning,
   9 Euthyd|         which was once attributed to abstractions is now attached to the words
  10 Euthyd|          humour of this ‘reductio ad absurdum:’ gradually we perceive
  11 Euthyd|         seems to admit. Plato in the abundance of his dramatic power has
  12 Euthyd|            and you must not confound abuse and contradiction, O illustrious
  13 Euthyd|           fighting, not like the two Acarnanian brothers who fight with
  14 Euthyd|     initiated, is, as you will know, accompanied by dancing and sport; and
  15 Euthyd|       SOCRATES: And will you on this account shun all these pursuits
  16 Euthyd|              fortunate, will you not acknowledge that all of us ought to
  17 Euthyd|      Euthydemus; at the same time he acknowledges that he cannot, like Heracles,
  18 Euthyd|           had more point, if we were acquainted with the writings against
  19 Euthyd|             the use of that which he acquires. The two enquirers, Cleinias
  20 Euthyd|            indolent man less than an active man?~He assented.~And a
  21 Euthyd|           pests, this art of their’s acts upon dicasts and ecclesiasts
  22 Euthyd|             humour of this ‘reductio ad absurdum:’ gradually we
  23 Euthyd|             this.~Will you not cease adding to your answers?~My fear
  24 Euthyd|           knowledge, O forgive me: I address you as I would superior
  25 Euthyd|      interlocutor in the Phaedo, and adds his commentary at the end;
  26 Euthyd|            new forms of thought more adequate to the expression of all
  27 Euthyd|       invention of yours has been so admirably contrived by you, that in
  28 Euthyd|             and fell to praising and admiring of them. What marvellous
  29 Euthyd|               I said, our making the admission that we should be happy
  30 Euthyd|           will soon extract the same admissions from you, Ctesippus. You
  31 Euthyd|            the fool, and making much ado about nothing.’ That was
  32 Euthyd|            and is not very likely to advance: even your skill in the
  33 Euthyd|        verbal fallacies. The sophism advanced in the Meno, ‘that you cannot
  34 Euthyd|           themselves to have all the advantages and none of the drawbacks
  35 Euthyd|        described, in the language of Aeschylus, as alone sitting at the
  36 Euthyd|           joy. To such a pitch was I affected myself, that I made a speech,
  37 Euthyd|            of life that will be more agreeable than having to learn.~Then
  38 Euthyd|          Dioscuri’ and request their aid.~Euthydemus argues that
  39 Euthyd|             have been ‘most gracious aids’ to psychology, or that
  40 Euthyd|   philosophies still hovering in the air as they appear from the
  41 Euthyd|          class of persons who are as alien from the spirit of philosophy
  42 Euthyd|         Eleatic Being and Not-being, alike admit of being regarded
  43 Euthyd|       uncertainty of language, which allows the same words to be used
  44 Euthyd|             Socrates makes a playful allusion to his money-getting habits.
  45 Euthyd|           concludes probably contain allusions to tricks of language which
  46 Euthyd|           the way of religion I have altars and temples, domestic and
  47 Euthyd|            of logic, which is really amazing, has not found out the way
  48 Euthyd|              or ideas, how to escape ambiguities in the meaning of terms
  49 Euthyd|         however, to be angry at this ambition of theirs— which may be
  50 Euthyd|              loss. They are ‘Arcades ambo et cantare pares et respondere
  51 Euthyd|          reading letters?~Certainly.~Amid the dangers of the sea,
  52 Euthyd|          with you?’ After a few more amphiboliae, in which Socrates, like
  53 Euthyd|             if we may argue from the analogy of the previous instances?~
  54 Euthyd|             of common sense, not the analytics of Aristotle, are needed
  55 Euthyd|            Yes, I said, my lords and ancestors.~At any rate they are yours,
  56 Euthyd|             that he is an amphibious animal, half philosopher, half
  57 Euthyd|            than one generation, were animated by the desire to exclude
  58 Euthyd|           and Ctesippus was the real answerer.~CRITO: Ctesippus! nonsense.~
  59 Euthyd|            is still that of humorous antagonism, not, as in the later Dialogues
  60 Euthyd|             an ancestral Zeus? Here, anticipating the final move, like a person
  61 Euthyd|            objects of both. Men like Antiphon or Lysias would be types
  62 Euthyd|             disciples of Prodicus or Antisthenes. They would have had more
  63 Euthyd|            of madness in many of our anxieties about our children:—in the
  64 Euthyd|              sort of discourse which anybody might hear from men who
  65       | anywhere
  66 Euthyd|              to be unjust.’ Socrates appeals to his brother Euthydemus;
  67 Euthyd|              was also a Sophist, and appeared to have newly arrived from
  68 Euthyd|           Crito, there was universal applause of the speakers and their
  69 Euthyd|           the young man how he is to apply himself to the study of
  70 Euthyd|              from such fallacies.~To appreciate fully the drift of the Euthydemus,
  71 Euthyd|             of evidence, and even of appreciating the nature of truth. Nor
  72 Euthyd|          their new wisdom. I am only apprehensive that I may bring the two
  73 Euthyd|              Plato, that in which he approaches most nearly to the comic
  74 Euthyd|              must further express my approval of your kind and public-spirited
  75 Euthyd|              like you, and who would approve of such arguments; the majority
  76 Euthyd|           never at a loss. They are ‘Arcades ambo et cantare pares et
  77 Euthyd|        request their aid.~Euthydemus argues that Socrates knows something;
  78 Euthyd|           taught, and the fallacy of arguing in a circle is exposed in
  79 Euthyd|             third when the ambiguity arises in the combination of elements
  80 Euthyd|         rendered in English. Compare Aristot. Soph. Elenchi (Poste’s
  81 Euthyd|     overthrow. Nor is the use of the Aristotelian logic any longer natural
  82 Euthyd|  half-educated man which spelling or arithmetic do to the mind of a child.
  83 Euthyd|           spear?~I do.~And would you arm Geryon and Briareus in that
  84 Euthyd|            wants it; or to go to war armed rather than unarmed.~Good,
  85 Euthyd|              array and command of an army, and the whole art of fighting
  86       | around
  87 Euthyd|            of their professions does arouse in his mind a temporary
  88 Euthyd|              ought to know about the array and command of an army,
  89 Euthyd|        studied, they are not able to arrive at any certain result about
  90 Euthyd|            not, he said.~Or would an artisan, who had all the implements
  91 Euthyd|           have been saying in a more artistic style: or at least take
  92 Euthyd|              skilful lyre-makers, or artists of that sort— far otherwise;
  93 Euthyd|             be good; for we have put aside the results of politics,
  94 Euthyd|              an exhibition. Socrates asks what manner of man was this
  95 Euthyd|            napping when you were not asleep, and that if it be possible
  96 Euthyd|             takes the opportunity of assailing another class of persons
  97 Euthyd|               when they speak in the assembly, do nothing?~Nay, he said,
  98 Euthyd|        reached the point at which he asserts ‘that there are no teachers.’
  99 Euthyd|            can be urged in favour of assigning to the Euthydemus any other
 100 Euthyd|       knowledge and are of no use in assisting the acquisition of it. This
 101 Euthyd|           which we are seeking—May I assume this to be your ingenious
 102 Euthyd|              world has become better assured to us, and we are less likely
 103 Euthyd|             is other than my father?~Assuredly not, said Euthydemus.~Then
 104 Euthyd|              was silent; and I in my astonishment said: What do you mean,
 105 Euthyd|            and the geometricians and astronomers and calculators (who all
 106 Euthyd|              he said; you are not an Athenian at all if you have no ancestral
 107 Euthyd|    attributed to abstractions is now attached to the words which are the
 108 Euthyd|            mind was first making the attempt to distinguish thought from
 109 Euthyd|            cannot say that I did not attend—I paid great attention to
 110 Euthyd|              friendly and interested auditor of the great discourse.
 111 Euthyd|          them. Many perplexities are avoided by keeping them apart. There
 112 Euthyd|              all phenomena. Plato is aware that his own doctrine of
 113 Euthyd|       Poseidon, said Ctesippus, what awful distinctions. I will have
 114 Euthyd|          forty-four, in the year 404 B.C., suggests not only that
 115 Euthyd|           overturned and laid on his back. And you must regard all
 116 Euthyd|               or that the methods of Bacon and Mill have shed a light
 117 Euthyd|           better take your sons as a bait; they will want to have
 118 Euthyd|       transparent, no abstraction so barren and unmeaning, no form of
 119 Euthyd|             at the present time, and based chiefly on the methods of
 120 Euthyd|             have been settled on the basis of usage and common sense;
 121 Euthyd|          speeches with which they do battle?~CRITO: He was certainly
 122 Euthyd|            to catch my ear, his face beaming with laughter, I prophesy
 123 Euthyd|           arrived from a sea-voyage, bearing down upon him from the left,
 124       | beforehand
 125 Euthyd|             will appear: let us then beg and entreat and beseech
 126 Euthyd|             been thinking of when he begat such wise sons? much good
 127 Euthyd|              form in which I pray to behold them; it might be a guide
 128 Euthyd|          whichever you think; for my belief is that you will derive
 129 Euthyd|         likeness; (2) the Euthydemus belongs to the Socratic period in
 130 Euthyd|          spoke, like a chorus at the bidding of their director, laughed
 131 Euthyd|               if he who drinks is as big as the statue of Delphi.~
 132 Euthyd|          left, opening his mouth and biting. When the monster was growing
 133 Euthyd|              good and evil, white or black, or any other; the result
 134 Euthyd|       Cleinias; nor is any one to be blamed for doing any honourable
 135 Euthyd|              thing, and what a great blessing! And do all other men know
 136 Euthyd|              study of them is apt to blind the judgment and to render
 137 Euthyd|               as he might think me a blockhead, and refuse to take me.
 138 Euthyd|           boars, came rushing on his blows, and fearlessly replied
 139 Euthyd|             is the reply; given with blushing and hesitation. ‘And yet
 140 Euthyd|          things, and they, like wild boars, came rushing on his blows,
 141 Euthyd|            the same fallacies in his book ‘De Sophisticis Elenchis,’
 142 Euthyd|              persuade you not like a boor to say in my presence that
 143 Euthyd|              up, and before you were born, and before the heaven and
 144 Euthyd|           Ctesippus, in self-defence borrows the weapons of the brothers,
 145 Euthyd|             Marsyas, into a leathern bottle, but into a piece of virtue.
 146 Euthyd|          correction; for you are the bottom, and Euthydemus is the top,
 147 Euthyd|              which have enlarged the boundaries of the human mind, begin
 148 Euthyd|             rescue.~Bravo, Heracles, brave words, said he.~Bravo Heracles,
 149 Euthyd|        skulls to be the happiest and bravest of men (that is only another
 150 Euthyd|             meaning. Ctesippus again breaks out, and again has to be
 151 Euthyd|              had time to recover his breath, Dionysodorus cleverly took
 152 Euthyd|          this father of you and your brethren the puppies got out of this
 153 Euthyd|             would you arm Geryon and Briareus in that way? Considering
 154 Euthyd|            one, and we vainly try to bridge the gulf between them. Many
 155 Euthyd|             are only struck with the broad humour of this ‘reductio
 156 Euthyd|             comic poet. The mirth is broader, the irony more sustained,
 157 Euthyd|              it would not however be built up out of the fragments
 158 Euthyd|        Ctesippus, as his manner was, burst into a roar of laughter;
 159 Euthyd|    geometricians and astronomers and calculators (who all belong to the hunting
 160 Euthyd|            when he takes a city or a camp hands over his new acquisition
 161 Euthyd|            They are ‘Arcades ambo et cantare pares et respondere parati.’
 162 Euthyd|             money; no age or want of capacity is an impediment. And I
 163 Euthyd|             of warfare; for they are capital at fighting in armour, and
 164 Euthyd|           extends beyond hunting and capturing; and when the prey is taken
 165 Euthyd|          handsome fee;—you should be careful of this;—and if you are
 166 Euthyd|            their effrontery, equally careless of what they say to others
 167 Euthyd|         corpore senis; I will be the Carian on whom they shall operate.
 168 Euthyd|            in the Politicus, and the caricature of rhetoric in the Gorgias.~
 169 Euthyd|         human thought. Besides he is caricaturing them; they probably received
 170 Euthyd|       disposed to think. But did you carry the search any further,
 171 Euthyd|             he takes his medicine, a cartload of hellebore will not be
 172 Euthyd|              argument; they were our Castor and Pollux, I said, and
 173 Euthyd|           the trap in which Socrates catches Dionysodorus.~The epilogue
 174 Euthyd|               always on the point of catching the art, which was always
 175 Euthyd|    scholastic subtlety, in which the catchwords of philosophy are completely
 176 Euthyd|       enquired whether that gave and caused happiness, and then we got
 177 Euthyd|              with this.~Will you not cease adding to your answers?~
 178 Euthyd|          what manner of man was this censorious critic. ‘Not an orator,
 179 Euthyd|            he who came up to you and censured philosophy; was he an orator
 180 Euthyd|            the nature of qualitative change was a puzzle, and even differences
 181 Euthyd|         rhetoric in the Gorgias.~The characters of the Dialogue are easily
 182 Euthyd|             all things,’ is also the cheapest. And now I have only to
 183 Euthyd|            saying is, and be of good cheer.~THE END~
 184 Euthyd|              present time, and based chiefly on the methods of Modern
 185 Euthyd|            of his dramatic power has chosen to write a play upon a play,
 186 Euthyd|          friend or a suitor, whether citizen or stranger—the eager desire
 187 Euthyd|        Ionians, whether colonists or citizens of Athens; an ancestral
 188 Euthyd|              general when he takes a city or a camp hands over his
 189 Euthyd|       serious purpose. It may fairly claim to be the oldest treatise
 190 Euthyd|           and what with laughing and clapping of hands and rejoicings
 191 Euthyd|            the same things.~A pretty clatter, as men say, Euthydemus,
 192 Euthyd|         knows the business, and is a clever man, and composes wonderful
 193 Euthyd|             his breath, Dionysodorus cleverly took him in hand, and said:
 194 Euthyd|        meaning; but we have lost the clue to some of them, and cannot
 195 Euthyd|            said: That is an example, clumsy and tedious I admit, of
 196 Euthyd|              the pot, like Medea the Colchian, kill me, boil me, if he
 197 Euthyd|            coldly of the insipid and cold dialectician.~You are abusive,
 198 Euthyd|            Ctesippus; and they speak coldly of the insipid and cold
 199 Euthyd|           among the Ionians, whether colonists or citizens of Athens; an
 200 Euthyd|       shouted with delight until the columns of the Lyceum returned the
 201 Euthyd|             and propositions and the combinations of them may properly be
 202 Euthyd|              are a very wise man who comes to us in the character of
 203 Euthyd|        approaches most nearly to the comic poet. The mirth is broader,
 204 Euthyd|           like the poets, I ought to commence my relation with an invocation
 205 Euthyd|          lightly touched upon at the commencement of the Dialogue; the thesis
 206 Euthyd|             the Phaedo, and adds his commentary at the end; Socrates makes
 207 Euthyd|             I, Socrates, am ready to commit myself to the strangers;
 208 Euthyd|             enquiry derived from the comparison of the sciences. Few will
 209 Euthyd|         catchwords of philosophy are completely detached from their context. (
 210 Euthyd|         Dialogue could not have been composed before 390 at the soonest.
 211 Euthyd|             and is a clever man, and composes wonderful speeches.~SOCRATES:
 212 Euthyd|            different ends produces a compound inferior to either of them
 213 Euthyd|              later experience or are comprehended in the history of the human
 214 Euthyd|               if they give us a more comprehensive or a more definite view
 215 Euthyd|           will first show you what I conceive to be the nature of the
 216 Euthyd|             s earlier Dialogues. The concluding remark of Crito, that he
 217 Euthyd|           ashamed of your friend—his conduct was so very strange in placing
 218 Euthyd|               if the discussion were confined to your two selves; but
 219 Euthyd|             the way of all risks and conflicts and reap the fruits of their
 220 Euthyd|              to me: and you must not confound abuse and contradiction,
 221 Euthyd|    nominalism and realism. We do not confuse the form with the matter
 222 Euthyd|             living science to become confused with the dead by an ambiguity
 223 Euthyd|           cannot say that I like the connection; but is he only my father,
 224 Euthyd|       Ctesippus makes merry with the consequences which follow: ‘Much good
 225 Euthyd|       corrective of error, the other conservative and constructive of truth,
 226 Euthyd|            evil?~He assented.~Let us consider a further point, I said:
 227 Euthyd|              willing to teach ‘for a consideration.’ But they can also teach
 228 Euthyd|          point which has still to be considered, and is not yet agreed upon
 229 Euthyd|            and Briareus in that way? Considering that you and your companion
 230 Euthyd|         prove to you, for I have the consolation of knowing that they began
 231 Euthyd|             strange beings. Socrates consoles him with the remark that
 232 Euthyd|          disheartened, I said to him consolingly: You must not be surprised,
 233 Euthyd|             Socrates, that I am in a constant difficulty about my two
 234 Euthyd|           among us, and new ones are constantly springing up. But they are
 235 Euthyd|           the other conservative and constructive of truth, might be a first
 236 Euthyd|           Crito, they are wonderful— consummate! I never knew what the true
 237 Euthyd|          Dialogue concludes probably contain allusions to tricks of language
 238 Euthyd|            that which was previously contained in them)—they, I say, not
 239 Euthyd|               But then again, when I contemplate any of those who pretend
 240 Euthyd|             seemed to be lost in the contemplation of something great, he said:
 241 Euthyd|       completely detached from their context. (Compare Theaet.) To such
 242 Euthyd|         accustomed irony of Socrates continues to the end...~Socrates narrates
 243 Euthyd|        discourses of Socrates may be contrasted in several respects with
 244 Euthyd|          ours? And if we knew how to convert stones into gold, the knowledge
 245 Euthyd|             mouth, Socrates, you are convicted, he said.~Well, but, Euthydemus,
 246 Euthyd|       extract hidden truths from the copula, nor dispute any longer
 247 Euthyd|            then fiat experimentum in corpore senis; I will be the Carian
 248 Euthyd|             with initiation into the correct use of terms. The two foreign
 249 Euthyd|           Yes, I do, subject to your correction; for you are the bottom,
 250 Euthyd|              the one destructive and corrective of error, the other conservative
 251 Euthyd|              after the manner of the Corybantes in the mysteries; and this
 252 Euthyd|           tell us the number, and we count them, and you are found
 253 Euthyd|         sparing Socrates himself for countenancing such an exhibition. Socrates
 254 Euthyd|              should imagine. Of what country are they, and what is their
 255 Euthyd|          coward would do less than a courageous and temperate man?~Yes.~
 256 Euthyd|           which my heart was set.~Of course, he replied, I and all the
 257 Euthyd|      grandson of the old Alcibiades, cousin of the Alcibiades that now
 258 Euthyd|             they walked about in the covered court; they had not taken
 259 Euthyd|           art of disputation which I covet, quite, as I may say, in
 260 Euthyd|          mean man?~A mean man.~And a coward would do less than a courageous
 261 Euthyd|              man was this censorious critic. ‘Not an orator, but a great
 262 Euthyd|            heard one of the audience criticise severely this wisdom,—not
 263 Euthyd|             of the Dialogue has been criticised as inconsistent with the
 264 Euthyd|            criticism is like similar criticisms on Shakespeare, and proceeds
 265 Euthyd|        Poseidon, I said, this is the crown of wisdom; can I ever hope
 266 Euthyd|         Truly, Socrates, though I am curious and ready to learn, yet
 267 Euthyd|             when one is improper but customary; the third when the ambiguity
 268 Euthyd|           whether Dionysodorus could dance.~Certainly, he replied.~
 269 Euthyd|             double turn of an expert dancer. Do those, said he, who
 270 Euthyd|           entertainments; there is a danger that men may undervalue
 271 Euthyd|             have as a companion in a dangerous illness—a wise physician,
 272 Euthyd|        Euthydemus or Dionysodorus. I dare say, my good Crito, that
 273 Euthyd|              by them; and now no one dares even to stand up against
 274 Euthyd|            appears hardly in our own day to have a separate existence;
 275 Euthyd|          same fallacies in his book ‘De Sophisticis Elenchis,’ which
 276 Euthyd|            one else this new sort of death and destruction which enables
 277 Euthyd|             take different forms and deceive us by their enchantments:
 278 Euthyd|             one could ever have been deceived by them; but we must remember
 279 Euthyd|               he said, Euthydemus is deceiving you. For tell me now, is
 280 Euthyd|           impression, I was the more decided in saying that we were in
 281 Euthyd|             age before logic, in the decline of the earlier Greek philosophies,
 282 Euthyd|            no such thing as error in deed, word, or thought, then
 283 Euthyd|             not that which you would deem your own, he said, that
 284 Euthyd|           himself, and may he not be deemed the happiest of men who
 285 Euthyd|            but I knew that he was in deep water, and therefore, as
 286 Euthyd|          although veiled, penetrates deeper than in any other of his
 287 Euthyd|            and that when they see me deeply serious and interested,
 288 Euthyd|           you would be so good as to defer the other part of the exhibition,
 289 Euthyd|           Memorabilia, philosophy is defined as ‘the knowledge which
 290 Euthyd|              of Plato. The nature of definition is explained not by rules
 291 Euthyd|          meanings, or with different degrees of meaning: (2) The necessary
 292 Euthyd|           ingenuousness of the youth delights Socrates, who is at once
 293 Euthyd|         worse.~And now that you have delivered yourself of this strain,
 294 Euthyd|              as big as the statue of Delphi.~And seeing that in war
 295 Euthyd|            in the Laches, his fellow demesman (Apol.), to whom the scene
 296 Euthyd|             contradiction itself was denied, and, on the one hand, every
 297 Euthyd|        silent possible? “The silent” denotes either the speaker are the
 298 Euthyd|              the silent,’ the silent denoting either the speaker or the
 299 Euthyd|             saw me, and was about to depart; when I was getting up I
 300 Euthyd|             good workmen in your own department, and to do the dialectician’
 301 Euthyd|             of good and evil in them depends on whether they are or are
 302 Euthyd|              belief is that you will derive the greatest benefit from
 303 Euthyd|       suggest new methods of enquiry derived from the comparison of the
 304 Euthyd|    Dionysodorus, when both of us are describing the same thing? Then we
 305 Euthyd|               and seems there too to deserve the character which is here
 306 Euthyd|            kingly art, as having the desired sort of knowledge. But the
 307 Euthyd|          good in what?’ At length in despair Cleinias and Socrates turn
 308 Euthyd|         caught in a net, who gives a desperate twist that he may get away,
 309 Euthyd|              we should not therefore despise them. They are still interesting
 310 Euthyd|          heard me say this, but only despised me. I observed that they
 311 Euthyd|           this new sort of death and destruction which enables them to get
 312 Euthyd|            philosophy are completely detached from their context. (Compare
 313 Euthyd|             pursuing his vocation of detecting the follies of mankind,
 314 Euthyd|             some of them, and cannot determine whether, as in the Cratylus,
 315 Euthyd|          Euthydemus, observing this, determined to persevere with the youth;
 316 Euthyd|           others again, without ever determining in what they are to be good;
 317 Euthyd|             kingly art is more fully developed in the Politicus, and the
 318 Euthyd|             subtleties and excellent devices of wisdom; I am afraid that
 319 Euthyd|            their wisdom; I was their devoted servant, and fell to praising
 320 Euthyd|             of them. What marvellous dexterity of wit, I said, enabled
 321 Euthyd|           for they do not make their diagrams, but only find out that
 322 Euthyd|             art of their’s acts upon dicasts and ecclesiasts and bodies
 323 Euthyd|         dictates to you, does he not dictate letters?~To this also he
 324 Euthyd|              when the grammar-master dictated anything to you, were they
 325 Euthyd|         truth about it from you. The dictum is that there is no such
 326 Euthyd|          long dead, (Greek), and who died at the age of forty-four,
 327 Euthyd|              which plays on the lyre differ widely from one another.
 328 Euthyd|          which I have.~That makes no difference;—and must you not, if you
 329 Euthyd|          even if without trouble and digging all the gold which there
 330 Euthyd|           Euthydemus, has got into a dilemma; all is over with him. This
 331 Euthyd|            and Socrates turn to the ‘Dioscuri’ and request their aid.~
 332 Euthyd|              at the bidding of their director, laughed and cheered. Then,
 333 Euthyd|             not knowledge that which directs us to the right use of them,
 334 Euthyd|           and I, knowing that he was disconcerted, said: Take courage, Cleinias,
 335 Euthyd|            the youth Cleinias may be discouraged at these repeated overthrows.
 336 Euthyd|       masters of the art of rhetoric discoursing.’ ‘And what did you think
 337 Euthyd|           That, he replied, you will discover, if you answer; since you
 338 Euthyd|           long been seeking might be discovered in that direction; for the
 339 Euthyd|              ones— whether this is a discovery of their own, or whether
 340 Euthyd|        restored to us. Neither do we discuss the nature of the proposition,
 341 Euthyd|           only with great difficulty disentangled from such fallacies.~To
 342 Euthyd|            respite lest he should be disheartened, I said to him consolingly:
 343 Euthyd|         wisdom to you, is not at all dishonourable, Cleinias; nor is any one
 344 Euthyd|          that they began this art of disputation which I covet, quite, as
 345 Euthyd|           more than your magnanimous disregard of any opinion—whether of
 346 Euthyd|         bring the two strangers into disrepute, as I have done Connus the
 347 Euthyd|        Ctesippus was sitting at some distance from Cleinias; and when
 348 Euthyd|            the expression of all the diversities and oppositions of knowledge
 349 Euthyd|              with the same, they are divided: for the art which makes
 350 Euthyd|              Republic; the nature of division is likewise illustrated
 351 Euthyd|        Eclectic, the Syncretist, the Doctrinaire, have been apt to have a
 352 Euthyd|              nor of men only, but of dogs and sea-monsters. Ctesippus
 353 Euthyd|             have altars and temples, domestic and ancestral, and all that
 354 Euthyd|             might be compared to the double turn of an expert dancer.
 355 Euthyd|            about which you have been doubting, or shall I prove that you
 356 Euthyd|         which the Dialogue, like the drama, seems to admit. Plato in
 357 Euthyd|              in the abundance of his dramatic power has chosen to write
 358 Euthyd|           advantages and none of the drawbacks both of politics and of
 359 Euthyd|            getting angry with me for drawing distinctions, when he wanted
 360 Euthyd|             of whose mouths Socrates draws his own lessons, and to
 361 Euthyd|             was sitting alone in the dressing-room of the Lyceum where you
 362 Euthyd|              To appreciate fully the drift of the Euthydemus, we should
 363 Euthyd|            that is to say, if he who drinks is as big as the statue
 364 Euthyd|         Euthydemus the mask is never dropped; the accustomed irony of
 365 Euthyd|              this I was quite struck dumb, Crito, and lay prostrate.
 366       | during
 367 Euthyd|       philosophy in which the old is dying out, and the new has not
 368 Euthyd|            forward so as to catch my ear, his face beaming with laughter,
 369 Euthyd|           for placing the Euthydemus early in the series are: (1) the
 370 Euthyd|            carried on with religious earnestness and more than scholastic
 371 Euthyd|             deal of food and did not eat, or a great deal of drink
 372 Euthyd|              s acts upon dicasts and ecclesiasts and bodies of men, for the
 373 Euthyd|     Euthydemus and Dionysodorus. The Eclectic, the Syncretist, the Doctrinaire,
 374 Euthyd|             of the two heroes, in an ecstasy at their wisdom, gave vent
 375 Euthyd|              of those who pretend to educate others, I am amazed. To
 376 Euthyd|          that he has a difficulty in educating his two sons, and the advice
 377 Euthyd|            was a great and inspiring effort of reflection, in the third
 378 Euthyd|      necessarily accompany the first efforts of speculation. Several
 379 Euthyd|              unapproachable in their effrontery, equally careless of what
 380 Euthyd|           not serious, but, like the Egyptian wizard, Proteus, they take
 381 Euthyd|            regarded by us only as an elaborate jest, has also a very serious
 382 Euthyd|            Dionysodorus, who was the elder, spoke first. Everybody’
 383 Euthyd|             his book ‘De Sophisticis Elenchis,’ which Plato, with equal
 384 Euthyd|         later Dialogues of Plato, of embittered hatred; and the places and
 385 Euthyd|         important questions begin to emerge. Here, as everywhere else,
 386 Euthyd|              supposed to be the most eminent professors of their time.
 387 Euthyd|             would be more ashamed of employing them in the refutation of
 388 Euthyd|            dexterity of wit, I said, enabled you to acquire this great
 389 Euthyd|          death and destruction which enables them to get rid of a bad
 390 Euthyd|             part of the great art of enchantment, and hardly, if at all,
 391 Euthyd|              and deceive us by their enchantments: and let us, like Menelaus,
 392 Euthyd|              sympathetic tone, which encourages the youth, instead of ‘knocking
 393 Euthyd|           manly and at the same time encouraging tone, replied: There can
 394 Euthyd|              and I remember and will endeavour to repeat the whole story.
 395 Euthyd|         would be high words, I again endeavoured to soothe Ctesippus, and
 396 Euthyd|             horse-play, which is now ended. The exhortation to virtue
 397 Euthyd|           certainly.~And if you were engaged in war, in whose company
 398 Euthyd|             be perfectly rendered in English. Compare Aristot. Soph.
 399 Euthyd|              Heraclitean, which have enlarged the boundaries of the human
 400 Euthyd|           the Meno, ‘that you cannot enquire either into what you know
 401 Euthyd|          came to the kingly art, and enquired whether that gave and caused
 402 Euthyd|             irrelevant: (2) In their enquiring sympathetic tone, which
 403 Euthyd|           manners. But he is quickly entangled in the meshes of their sophistry;
 404 Euthyd|            three turns when Cleinias entered, who, as you truly say,
 405 Euthyd|              This opinion which they entertain of their own wisdom is very
 406 Euthyd|              to have any more public entertainments; there is a danger that
 407 Euthyd|             Cleinias saw me from the entrance as I was sitting alone,
 408 Euthyd|          appear: let us then beg and entreat and beseech them to shine
 409 Euthyd|              my voice, and earnestly entreated and called upon the strangers
 410 Euthyd|              wisdom. And yet in this enumeration the greatest good of all
 411 Euthyd|              pretty well know—out of envy, in order to prevent me
 412 Euthyd|             wisdom no man would ever err, and therefore he must act
 413 Euthyd|              can be no such thing as erroneous action, for a man cannot
 414 Euthyd|              liable to fall into the errors which are expressed by them.
 415 Euthyd|             Axiochus, have you and I escaped making a laughing-stock
 416 Euthyd|            which they said, for your especial benefit,—that the learning
 417 Euthyd|             one of them was cut off; especially when he saw a second monster
 418 Euthyd|      assented.~And what things do we esteem good? No solemn sage is
 419 Euthyd|              that they are generally esteemed the wisest; nothing but
 420       | etc
 421 Euthyd|              fixed impression of an ‘eternal being’ or ‘perpetual flux,’
 422 Euthyd|            Laches, Protagoras, Meno, Euthyphro, Theaetetus, Gorgias, Republic;
 423       | everything
 424 Euthyd|          ignorance, they are greater evils than their opposites, inasmuch
 425 Euthyd|          philosophy herself. Try and examine her well and truly, and
 426 Euthyd|           saw that they were getting exasperated with one another, so I made
 427 Euthyd|              dialectician’s business excellently well.~What, said he, is
 428 Euthyd|          every mouth is sewn up, not excepting your own, which graciously
 429 Euthyd|        Cleinias, interposes in great excitement, thinking that he will teach
 430 Euthyd|            animated by the desire to exclude the conception of rest,
 431 Euthyd|              I admit, of the sort of exhortations which I would have you give;
 432 Euthyd|          before the heaven and earth existed, you knew all things, if
 433 Euthyd|             state of knowledge which exists at the present time, and
 434 Euthyd|           wonderful might shortly be expected. And certainly they were
 435 Euthyd|             a little raillery at the expense of the brothers. But he
 436 Euthyd|      yourselves with them, then fiat experimentum in corpore senis; I will
 437 Euthyd|             to the double turn of an expert dancer. Do those, said he,
 438 Euthyd|              Will you let me see you explaining to the young man how he
 439 Euthyd|             overthrows. He therefore explains to him the nature of the
 440 Euthyd|            first, the refutation and explanation of false philosophies still
 441 Euthyd|            of arguing in a circle is exposed in the Republic; the nature
 442 Euthyd|              by them. I must further express my approval of your kind
 443 Euthyd|            into the errors which are expressed by them. The intellectual
 444 Euthyd|            have not all things words expressive of them?~Yes.~Of their existence
 445 Euthyd|              said, no art of hunting extends beyond hunting and capturing;
 446 Euthyd|          vision.~They can see to any extent, said Ctesippus.~What can
 447 Euthyd|          fact is I and all of us are extremely anxious that he should become
 448 Euthyd|              as to catch my ear, his face beaming with laughter, I
 449 Euthyd|              ancient art be not also fading away into literary criticism; (
 450 Euthyd|             action, for a man cannot fail of acting as he is acting—
 451 Euthyd|         sense in them.~Good, I said, fairest and wisest Cleinias. And
 452 Euthyd|              serious purpose. It may fairly claim to be the oldest treatise
 453 Euthyd|         philosophy because he has no faith in philosophers, seems to
 454 Euthyd|             throwing another and not falling yourself, now any more than
 455 Euthyd|          getting up I recognized the familiar divine sign: so I sat down
 456 Euthyd|             And here is Dionysodorus fancying that I am angry with him,
 457 Euthyd|          just as far as ever, if not farther, from the knowledge of the
 458 Euthyd|          care not what they say, and fasten upon every word. And these,
 459 Euthyd|          they must be who want their favourite not to be, or to perish!~
 460 Euthyd|            nothing away; I desire no favours of you; but let me ask:
 461 Euthyd|       objection to talking nonsense.~Fearing that there would be high
 462 Euthyd|            rushing on his blows, and fearlessly replied that they did. At
 463 Euthyd|           promise is so vast, that a feeling of incredulity steals over
 464 Euthyd|           their devoted servant, and fell to praising and admiring
 465 Euthyd|        Lysimachus in the Laches, his fellow demesman (Apol.), to whom
 466 Euthyd|           yourselves with them, then fiat experimentum in corpore
 467 Euthyd|            might have two legitimate fields: first, the refutation and
 468 Euthyd|            indeed. And we cut a poor figure; we were like children after
 469 Euthyd|               Here, anticipating the final move, like a person caught
 470 Euthyd|         follies of mankind, which he finds ‘not unpleasant.’ (Compare
 471 Euthyd|             is taken the huntsman or fisherman cannot use it; but they
 472 Euthyd|              happiness. At last they fix upon the kingly art, as
 473 Euthyd|      propositions, how to resist the fixed impression of an ‘eternal
 474 Euthyd|             objects of sense have no fixedness, but are in a state of perpetual
 475 Euthyd|      successful in performing on the flute?~He assented.~And are not
 476 Euthyd|              not want the art of the flute-maker; this is only another of
 477 Euthyd|             not know, Cleinias, that flute-players are most fortunate and successful
 478 Euthyd|         eternal being’ or ‘perpetual flux,’ how to distinguish between
 479 Euthyd|            vocation of detecting the follies of mankind, which he finds ‘
 480 Euthyd|          imagine.~At these words the followers of Euthydemus, of whom I
 481 Euthyd|              good, and ignorance and folly the only evil. The conclusion
 482 Euthyd|            if we had a great deal of food and did not eat, or a great
 483 Euthyd|             is present with you?~God forbid, I replied.~But how, he
 484 Euthyd|        correct use of terms. The two foreign gentlemen, perceiving that
 485 Euthyd|           natural enemy. Nor must we forget that in modern times also
 486 Euthyd|            birth, power, honour; not forgetting the virtues and wisdom.
 487 Euthyd|              of theirs— which may be forgiven; for every man ought to
 488 Euthyd|         SOCRATES: Perhaps I may have forgotten, and Ctesippus was the real
 489 Euthyd|          match for one of you, and a fortiori I must run away from two.
 490 Euthyd|           and who died at the age of forty-four, in the year 404 B.C., suggests
 491 Euthyd|           Critobulus, but he is much forwarder and very good-looking: the
 492 Euthyd|            ask them if they knew the foulest things, and they, like wild
 493 Euthyd|       however be built up out of the fragments of the old, but would be
 494 Euthyd|              as for example, wealth, freedom, tranquillity, were neither
 495 Euthyd|            mixed up purely unmeaning fun with his satire.~The two
 496 Euthyd|          horizon: secondly, it might furnish new forms of thought more
 497 Euthyd|              that any single science furnishes a principle of reasoning
 498 Euthyd|              life would be a greater gain to me.~Answer then, he said.~
 499 Euthyd|         would be the propaedeutic or gate of approach to logical science,—
 500 Euthyd|      Cleinias, who were beginning to gather round us. Now Ctesippus
 501 Euthyd|           and as a storm seems to be gathering Socrates pacifies him with
 502 Euthyd|      temporary incredulity.~A circle gathers round them, in the midst