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    Dialogue                                 grey = Comment text

  1 Euthyf|                                  Euthyphro~
  2 Euthyf|         talking with him. In the Euthyphro, Socrates is awaiting his
  3 Euthyf|        occurred in the family of Euthyphro, a learned Athenian diviner
  4 Euthyf|          of the discussion.~This Euthyphro and Socrates are represented
  5 Euthyf|       suit against another); and Euthyphro too is plaintiff in an action
  6 Euthyf|          ditch by the command of Euthyphro’s father, who sent to the
  7 Euthyf|       the charge of murder which Euthyphro brings against his father.
  8 Euthyf|          do better than learn of Euthyphro (who will be admitted by
  9 Euthyf|     impiety. What then is piety?~Euthyphro, who, in the abundance of
 10 Euthyf|      true?’ ‘Yes, they are;’ and Euthyphro will gladly tell Socrates
 11 Euthyf|         as a general definition.~Euthyphro replies, that ‘Piety is
 12 Euthyf|     chastisement of your father, Euthyphro, may be dear or pleasing
 13 Euthyf|        the hands of their sons).~Euthyphro answers that there is no
 14 Euthyf|        hate is impious.’ To this Euthyphro agrees.~Socrates proceeds
 15 Euthyf|   appears to be a contradiction,—Euthyphro has been giving an attribute
 16 Euthyf|       only, and not the essence. Euthyphro acknowledges himself that
 17 Euthyf|         indolent intelligence of Euthyphro, raises the question in
 18 Euthyf|       part of justice is piety?’ Euthyphro replies that piety is that
 19 Euthyf|        make the gods any better? Euthyphro explains that he means by
 20 Euthyf|         help them to accomplish? Euthyphro replies, that all these
 21 Euthyf|      subterfuges and evasions of Euthyphro, remains unshaken in his
 22 Euthyf|  condescend to instruct him. But Euthyphro is in a hurry and cannot
 23 Euthyf|       carried on to the end.~The Euthyphro is manifestly designed to
 24 Euthyf|       refuses to answer himself.~Euthyphro is a religionist, and is
 25 Euthyf|   reasons for believing that the Euthyphro is a genuine Platonic writing.
 26 Euthyf|                                  EUTHYPHRO~PERSONS OF THE DIALOGUE:
 27 Euthyf|          THE DIALOGUE: Socrates, Euthyphro.~SCENE: The Porch of the
 28 Euthyf|        Porch of the King Archon.~EUTHYPHRO: Why have you left the Lyceum,
 29 Euthyf|         SOCRATES: Not in a suit, Euthyphro; impeachment is the word
 30 Euthyf|         which the Athenians use.~EUTHYPHRO: What! I suppose that some
 31 Euthyf|         SOCRATES: Certainly not.~EUTHYPHRO: Then some one else has
 32 Euthyf|  prosecuting you?~SOCRATES: Yes.~EUTHYPHRO: And who is he?~SOCRATES:
 33 Euthyf|         man who is little known, Euthyphro; and I hardly know him:
 34 Euthyf|        beard which is ill grown.~EUTHYPHRO: No, I do not remember him,
 35 Euthyf|         great public benefactor.~EUTHYPHRO: I hope that he may; but
 36 Euthyf|        ground of his indictment.~EUTHYPHRO: I understand, Socrates;
 37 Euthyf|           Their laughter, friend Euthyphro, is not a matter of much
 38 Euthyf|        jealousy, they are angry.~EUTHYPHRO: I am never likely to try
 39 Euthyf|    soothsayers only can predict.~EUTHYPHRO: I dare say that the affair
 40 Euthyf|           And what is your suit, Euthyphro? are you the pursuer or
 41 Euthyf|        pursuer or the defendant?~EUTHYPHRO: I am the pursuer.~SOCRATES:
 42 Euthyf|      pursuer.~SOCRATES: Of whom?~EUTHYPHRO: You will think me mad when
 43 Euthyf|          has the fugitive wings?~EUTHYPHRO: Nay, he is not very volatile
 44 Euthyf|       life.~SOCRATES: Who is he?~EUTHYPHRO: My father.~SOCRATES: Your
 45 Euthyf|        Your father! my good man?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And of what
 46 Euthyf|       And of what is he accused?~EUTHYPHRO: Of murder, Socrates.~SOCRATES:
 47 Euthyf|         SOCRATES: By the powers, Euthyphro! how little does the common
 48 Euthyf|         to bring such an action.~EUTHYPHRO: Indeed, Socrates, he must.~
 49 Euthyf|      thought of prosecuting him.~EUTHYPHRO: I am amused, Socrates,
 50 Euthyf|          SOCRATES: Good heavens, Euthyphro! and is your knowledge of
 51 Euthyf|      action against your father?~EUTHYPHRO: The best of Euthyphro,
 52 Euthyf|           EUTHYPHRO: The best of Euthyphro, and that which distinguishes
 53 Euthyf|          say to him, acknowledge Euthyphro to be a great theologian,
 54 Euthyf|          challenge in the court.~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, indeed, Socrates;
 55 Euthyf|    includes whatever is impious?~EUTHYPHRO: To be sure, Socrates.~SOCRATES:
 56 Euthyf|      piety, and what is impiety?~EUTHYPHRO: Piety is doing as I am
 57 Euthyf|          not this be the reason, Euthyphro, why I am charged with impiety—
 58 Euthyf|      believe that they are true.~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates; and things
 59 Euthyf|          tales of the gods true, Euthyphro?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates;
 60 Euthyf|        the gods true, Euthyphro?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates; and, as
 61 Euthyf|         your father with murder.~EUTHYPHRO: And what I said was true,
 62 Euthyf|    Socrates.~SOCRATES: No doubt, Euthyphro; but you would admit that
 63 Euthyf|       are many other pious acts?~EUTHYPHRO: There are.~SOCRATES: Remember
 64 Euthyf|    impious, and the pious pious?~EUTHYPHRO: I remember.~SOCRATES: Tell
 65 Euthyf|     pious, such another impious.~EUTHYPHRO: I will tell you, if you
 66 Euthyf|         I should very much like.~EUTHYPHRO: Piety, then, is that which
 67 Euthyf|       them.~SOCRATES: Very good, Euthyphro; you have now given me the
 68 Euthyf|         the truth of your words.~EUTHYPHRO: Of course.~SOCRATES: Come,
 69 Euthyf|      another. Was not that said?~EUTHYPHRO: It was.~SOCRATES: And well
 70 Euthyf|         SOCRATES: And well said?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates, I thought
 71 Euthyf|           SOCRATES: And further, Euthyphro, the gods were admitted
 72 Euthyf|         hatreds and differences?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, that was also said.~
 73 Euthyf|         an end to them by a sum?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: Or suppose
 74 Euthyf|        differences by measuring?~EUTHYPHRO: Very true.~SOCRATES: And
 75 Euthyf| resorting to a weighing machine?~EUTHYPHRO: To be sure.~SOCRATES: But
 76 Euthyf|        quarrel? (Compare Alcib.)~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates, the nature
 77 Euthyf|      quarrels of the gods, noble Euthyphro, when they occur, are of
 78 Euthyf|     occur, are of a like nature?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly they are.~SOCRATES:
 79 Euthyf|     differences—would there now?~EUTHYPHRO: You are quite right.~SOCRATES:
 80 Euthyf|       hate the opposite of them?~EUTHYPHRO: Very true.~SOCRATES: But,
 81 Euthyf|        and fightings among them.~EUTHYPHRO: Very true.~SOCRATES: Then
 82 Euthyf|        hateful and dear to them?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: And upon
 83 Euthyf|       this view the same things, Euthyphro, will be pious and also
 84 Euthyf|          pious and also impious?~EUTHYPHRO: So I should suppose.~SOCRATES:
 85 Euthyf|          by them. And therefore, Euthyphro, in thus chastising your
 86 Euthyf|          differences of opinion.~EUTHYPHRO: But I believe, Socrates,
 87 Euthyf|       Well, but speaking of men, Euthyphro, did you ever hear any one
 88 Euthyf|   evil-doer ought to be let off?~EUTHYPHRO: I should rather say that
 89 Euthyf|          they admit their guilt, Euthyphro, and yet say that they ought
 90 Euthyf|        ought not to be punished?~EUTHYPHRO: No; they do not.~SOCRATES:
 91 Euthyf|        their guilt, do they not?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: Then they
 92 Euthyf|        and what he did and when?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: And the
 93 Euthyf| injustice is not to be punished?~EUTHYPHRO: That is true, Socrates,
 94 Euthyf|        unjust. Is not that true?~EUTHYPHRO: Quite true.~SOCRATES: Well
 95 Euthyf|        Well then, my dear friend Euthyphro, do tell me, for my better
 96 Euthyf|        wisdom as long as I live.~EUTHYPHRO: It will be a difficult
 97 Euthyf|         and hateful to the gods.~EUTHYPHRO: Yes indeed, Socrates; at
 98 Euthyf|       myself: ‘Well, and what if Euthyphro does prove to me that all
 99 Euthyf|         to them.’ And therefore, Euthyphro, I do not ask you to prove
100 Euthyf| definition of piety and impiety?~EUTHYPHRO: Why not, Socrates?~SOCRATES:
101 Euthyf|        as far as I am concerned, Euthyphro, there is no reason why
102 Euthyf|      matter for you to consider.~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, I should say that
103 Euthyf|          into the truth of this, Euthyphro, or simply to accept the
104 Euthyf|         others? What do you say?~EUTHYPHRO: We should enquire; and
105 Euthyf|          is beloved of the gods.~EUTHYPHRO: I do not understand your
106 Euthyf|        what the difference lies?~EUTHYPHRO: I think that I understand.~
107 Euthyf|  distinct from that which loves?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: Well;
108 Euthyf|        or for some other reason?~EUTHYPHRO: No; that is the reason.~
109 Euthyf|         led and of what is seen?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: And a thing
110 Euthyf|        of this. And now I think, Euthyphro, that my meaning will be
111 Euthyf|       suffers. Do you not agree?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: Is not that
112 Euthyf|        of becoming or suffering?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And the
113 Euthyf|       and not the act the state.~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: And
114 Euthyf|        what do you say of piety, Euthyphro: is not piety, according
115 Euthyf|           loved by all the gods?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: Because
116 Euthyf|        or for some other reason?~EUTHYPHRO: No, that is the reason.~
117 Euthyf|        holy because it is loved?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And that
118 Euthyf|     because it is loved of them?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: Then
119 Euthyf|       which is dear to the gods, Euthyphro, is not holy, nor is that
120 Euthyf|        are two different things.~EUTHYPHRO: How do you mean, Socrates?~
121 Euthyf|        holy because it is loved.~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: But that
122 Euthyf|      because it is dear to them.~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: But, friend
123 Euthyf|      True.~SOCRATES: But, friend Euthyphro, if that which is holy is
124 Euthyf|           Thus you appear to me, Euthyphro, when I ask you what is
125 Euthyf|   quarrel); and what is impiety?~EUTHYPHRO: I really do not know, Socrates,
126 Euthyf|        us.~SOCRATES: Your words, Euthyphro, are like the handiwork
127 Euthyf|   inclination to be on the move.~EUTHYPHRO: Nay, Socrates, I shall
128 Euthyf|          pious necessarily just?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And is,
129 Euthyf|         part and not all, pious?~EUTHYPHRO: I do not understand you,
130 Euthyf|        tell you in what respect?~EUTHYPHRO: By all means.~SOCRATES:
131 Euthyf|       the objects of their fear.~EUTHYPHRO: Very true.~SOCRATES: But
132 Euthyf|     afraid of an ill reputation.~EUTHYPHRO: No doubt.~SOCRATES: Then
133 Euthyf|          that you follow me now?~EUTHYPHRO: Quite well.~SOCRATES: That
134 Euthyf|          a part. Do you dissent?~EUTHYPHRO: No, I think that you are
135 Euthyf|         sides. Do you not agree?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, I quite agree.~SOCRATES:
136 Euthyf|   holiness, and their opposites.~EUTHYPHRO: Piety or holiness, Socrates,
137 Euthyf|          SOCRATES: That is good, Euthyphro; yet still there is a little
138 Euthyf|      horsemanship. Is it not so?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: I
139 Euthyf|          of attending to horses?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: Nor is every
140 Euthyf|           but only the huntsman?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: And I should
141 Euthyf|        art of attending to dogs?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: As the art
142 Euthyf|        art of attending to oxen?~EUTHYPHRO: Very true.~SOCRATES: In
143 Euthyf|      that would be your meaning, Euthyphro?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES:
144 Euthyf|         your meaning, Euthyphro?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And is not
145 Euthyf|          improved, are they not?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: As the
146 Euthyf|          and not for their hurt?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly, not for their
147 Euthyf|    SOCRATES: But for their good?~EUTHYPHRO: Of course.~SOCRATES: And
148 Euthyf|          any of the gods better?~EUTHYPHRO: No, no; that was certainly
149 Euthyf|          meant.~SOCRATES: And I, Euthyphro, never supposed that you
150 Euthyf|        thought that you did not.~EUTHYPHRO: You do me justice, Socrates;
151 Euthyf|      gods which is called piety?~EUTHYPHRO: It is such, Socrates, as
152 Euthyf|        ministration to the gods.~EUTHYPHRO: Exactly.~SOCRATES: Medicine
153 Euthyf|     would you not say of health?~EUTHYPHRO: I should.~SOCRATES: Again,
154 Euthyf|       attainment of some result?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates, with a view
155 Euthyf|         the building of a house?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes.~SOCRATES: And now
156 Euthyf|          instructed in religion.~EUTHYPHRO: And I speak the truth,
157 Euthyf|       help of our ministrations?~EUTHYPHRO: Many and fair, Socrates,
158 Euthyf|        war is the chief of them?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: Many
159 Euthyf|          of food from the earth?~EUTHYPHRO: Exactly.~SOCRATES: And
160 Euthyf|          chief or principal one?~EUTHYPHRO: I have told you already,
161 Euthyf|          question which I asked, Euthyphro, if you had chosen. But
162 Euthyf|         praying and sacrificing?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, I do.~SOCRATES: And
163 Euthyf|    prayer is asking of the gods?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, Socrates.~SOCRATES:
164 Euthyf|    science of asking and giving?~EUTHYPHRO: You understand me capitally,
165 Euthyf|          and give gifts to them?~EUTHYPHRO: Yes, I do.~SOCRATES: Is
166 Euthyf|        ask of them what we want?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: And
167 Euthyf|          which he does not want.~EUTHYPHRO: Very true, Socrates.~SOCRATES:
168 Euthyf|  Socrates.~SOCRATES: Then piety, Euthyphro, is an art which gods and
169 Euthyf|       business with one another?~EUTHYPHRO: That is an expression which
170 Euthyf|   greatly the advantage of them.~EUTHYPHRO: And do you imagine, Socrates,
171 Euthyf|     gifts?~SOCRATES: But if not, Euthyphro, what is the meaning of
172 Euthyf|   conferred by us upon the gods?~EUTHYPHRO: What else, but tributes
173 Euthyf|      beneficial or dear to them?~EUTHYPHRO: I should say that nothing
174 Euthyf|       piety is dear to the gods?~EUTHYPHRO: Certainly.~SOCRATES: And
175 Euthyf|        gods? Have you forgotten?~EUTHYPHRO: I quite remember.~SOCRATES:
176 Euthyf|         dear to them—do you see?~EUTHYPHRO: True.~SOCRATES: Then either
177 Euthyf|          then, we are wrong now.~EUTHYPHRO: One of the two must be
178 Euthyf|          Speak out then, my dear Euthyphro, and do not hide your knowledge.~
179 Euthyf|         not hide your knowledge.~EUTHYPHRO: Another time, Socrates;
180 Euthyf|          had been enlightened by Euthyphro, and had given up rash innovations