Dialogue

   1  Gorg|           beginning for his society: (10) the myth of Aristophanes
   2  Gorg|         division of the sexes, Sym.: (11) the parable of the noble
   3  Gorg|              the mob of politicians: (12) the ironical tale of the
   4  Gorg|              better for them (Gor.): (13) the treatment of freemen
   5  Gorg|         buying them—’ (Fragm. Incert. 151 (Bockh).)~—I do not remember
   6  Gorg|             excels,’ (Antiope, fragm. 20 (Dindorf).)~but anything
   7  Gorg|           falls into the background: (4) the beautiful but rather
   8  Gorg|            dialogue has been fixed at 405 B.C., when Socrates would
   9  Gorg|            happened ‘last year’ (B.C. 406), and therefore the assumed
  10  Gorg|         twenty-four years previously (429 B.C.) and is afterwards
  11  Gorg|           dialogue called after him: (5) the speech at the beginning
  12  Gorg|                To these may be added (6) the tale of the grasshoppers,
  13  Gorg|             of the grasshoppers, and (7) the tale of Thamus and
  14  Gorg|                both in the Phaedrus: (8) the parable of the Cave (
  15  Gorg|            represented in a picture: (9) the fiction of the earth-born
  16  Gorg|               the love of Demus which abides in your soul is an adversary
  17  Gorg|      discussion so interesting and so ably maintained.~CALLICLES: By
  18  Gorg|           speculations concerning the abolition of the family and of property,
  19  Gorg|          together and return to their aboriginal chaos. Socrates apologizes
  20  Gorg|              than intemperance or the absence of control, which you were
  21  Gorg|               I suppose that there is absolutely no help. And if I am to
  22  Gorg|          review writing, threatens to absorb all literature, has even
  23  Gorg|             fall unintentionally, are absorbed in the consciousness of
  24  Gorg|            the world, which is not an abstraction of theologians, but the
  25  Gorg|               described as follies or absurdities:~‘For they will only Give
  26  Gorg|        unnatural desires, if they are abundantly satisfied? Callicles is
  27  Gorg|             viz. that rhetoric may be abused, and that the rhetorician
  28  Gorg|              his instructions, but he abuses them. And therefore he is
  29  Gorg|             sometimes they will go on abusing one another until the company
  30  Gorg|           although you may perhaps be accessories to them. A great piece of
  31  Gorg|             all time, stripped of the accidental form in which they are enveloped.~(
  32  Gorg|             proper age, is an elegant accomplishment, but too much philosophy
  33  Gorg|               not quite consistent or accordant with what you were saying
  34  Gorg|       Socratic notion, as deferred or accumulated pleasure, while in the Gorgias,
  35  Gorg|               ages falsehood has been accumulating, and everything has been
  36  Gorg|           Gorgias, that you have very accurately explained what you conceive
  37  Gorg|         before the Court, even if the accuser were a poor creature and
  38  Gorg|           attacking Socrates, whom he accuses of trifling and word-splitting;
  39  Gorg|         within, Infects unseen.’~The ‘accustomed irony’ of Socrates adds
  40  Gorg|          remember that Callicles, the Acharnian, says that pleasure and
  41  Gorg|            are carried down the river Acheron to the Acherusian lake,
  42  Gorg|         subjects, as we were just now acknowledging, to have become more just,
  43  Gorg|               had a nature capable of acquiring an empire or a tyranny or
  44  Gorg|             losing not only their new acquisitions, but also their original
  45  Gorg|          their time, but Locke, Hume, Adam Smith, Bentham, Ricardo.
  46  Gorg|            are like bonds of iron and adamant; and unless you or some
  47  Gorg|              then is now made fast in adamantine bonds. I myself know not
  48  Gorg|       statesman is aware that he must adapt himself to times and circumstances.
  49  Gorg|        compare Laws), in which by the adaptation of an old tradition Plato
  50  Gorg|             the same to Themistocles, adding the penalty of exile; and
  51  Gorg|      gathering from every nature some addition to their store of knowledge?
  52  Gorg|            Polus, for to you I am now addressing myself, because it aims
  53  Gorg|             kind of evidence which is adduced in courts of justice, where
  54  Gorg|             the nature of rhetoric by adducing the example of Themistocles,
  55  Gorg|           have admitted: do you still adhere to what you said?~CALLICLES:
  56  Gorg|            refuse to answer me. But I adjure you by the god of friendship,
  57  Gorg|          think that affairs should be administered among us—whether, when you
  58  Gorg|              first organizes and then administers the government of his own
  59  Gorg|              art; for the first makes admirable loaves, the second excellent
  60  Gorg|            whose talents he evidently admires, while he censures the puerile
  61  Gorg|             public character, and are admonishing and reproaching me for not
  62  Gorg|           time he retaliates upon his adversaries. From this confusion of
  63  Gorg|            speech of Pericles when he advised us about the middle wall.~
  64  Gorg|          meaning the invisible world (aeides), these uninitiated or leaky
  65  Gorg|            life which, like the Sixth Aeneid of Virgil, appear to contain
  66  Gorg|               the natural or acquired affections of the soul are laid open
  67  Gorg|             in them, and they have an affinity to the mysteries and to
  68  Gorg|               Another illustration is afforded by the pauper and criminal
  69  Gorg|             vintner. And you would be affronted if I told you that these
  70  Gorg|        introduces a future life as an afterthought, when the superior happiness
  71  Gorg|                in self-defence not in aggression, and others have perverted
  72  Gorg|         multitude of questions’ which agitate human life ‘as the principle
  73  Gorg|              of Aristophon the son of Aglaophon, or of his brother Polygnotus,
  74  Gorg|             for a moment, he is in an agony of pain. Such are their
  75  Gorg|             impaled criminal are more agreeable than those of the tyrant
  76  Gorg|            the rest is a mere bauble, agreements contrary to nature, foolish
  77  Gorg|              he will find that no one agrees with him. To this Socrates
  78  Gorg|     represents the conflict of reason aided by passion or righteous
  79  Gorg|            witnesses who have a great air of respectability. And in
  80  Gorg|             and others bad?~SOCRATES: Alas, Callicles, how unfair you
  81  Gorg|               them. (Compare Symp.: 1 Alcib.)~SOCRATES: The reason is,
  82  Gorg|          entertaining him and his son Alexander, who was his own cousin,
  83  Gorg|              repute in proof of their allegations, and their adversary has
  84  Gorg|             Republic because they are allied to sense; because they stimulate
  85  Gorg|           circumstances. He must have allies if he is to fight against
  86  Gorg|             thought that this was not allowable. But to return to our argument:—
  87  Gorg|                We pity them, and make allowances for them; but we do not
  88  Gorg|             is quickly caught up, and alluded to again and again; as it
  89  Gorg|              at the end, and numerous allusions and references are interspersed,
  90  Gorg|              we increase pauperism by almsgiving; when we tie up property
  91      | along
  92  Gorg|            listen to them. After some altercation they agree (compare Protag.),
  93  Gorg|              cannot coexist, but must alternate with one another—to be well
  94  Gorg|              and misery, in a similar alternation? (Compare Republic.)~CALLICLES:
  95  Gorg|              been listening in silent amazement, asks Chaerephon whether
  96  Gorg|           virtues also continues. The ambiguity of several words, such as
  97  Gorg|               the manner in which the ambitious citizen has to identify
  98  Gorg|              spirit of Plato, and the amount of direct evidence which
  99  Gorg|               children, and trying to amuse them, but never considering
 100  Gorg|         fiction is not merely to give amusement, or to be the expression
 101  Gorg|              may be compared with the analogous notion, which occurs in
 102  Gorg|              to the defective logical analysis of his age.~Nor does he
 103  Gorg|                but only attempting to analyze the ‘dramatis personae’
 104  Gorg|             by them, then the word of Anaxagoras, that word with which you,
 105  Gorg|              regards others is by the ancients merged in politics. Both
 106  Gorg|             Tisander of Aphidnae, and Andron the son of Androtion, and
 107  Gorg|       Aphidnae, and Andron the son of Androtion, and Nausicydes of the deme
 108  Gorg|           face as upon the face of an angel.’ We are not concerned to
 109  Gorg|              liable to break out: the animated comparisons of the degradation
 110  Gorg|              the idea of good’ is the animating principle of the whole.
 111  Gorg|         should think that I have some animosity against you, and that I
 112  Gorg|               Socrates approaches his antagonist warily from a distance,
 113  Gorg|              suggested answers to his antagonists, or pointed out to them
 114  Gorg|        pleasures, and such as have no antecedent pains, are allowed to rank
 115  Gorg|                Shall I tell you why I anticipate this?~CALLICLES: By all
 116  Gorg|            himself or others. Here he anticipates such a fate for himself,
 117  Gorg|              may not get the habit of anticipating and suspecting the meaning
 118  Gorg|               which he most excels,’ (Antiope, fragm. 20 (Dindorf).)~but
 119  Gorg|            Callicles, and Tisander of Aphidnae, and Andron the son of Androtion,
 120  Gorg|             both of us have two loves apiece:—I am the lover of Alcibiades,
 121  Gorg|            aboriginal chaos. Socrates apologizes for the length of his speech,
 122  Gorg|                having evil souls, are apparelled in fair bodies, or encased
 123  Gorg|          making stories of ghosts and apparitions credible is said to consist
 124  Gorg|        distinction between shadows or appearances and realities; e.g. there
 125  Gorg|              just now saying, nothing appeared of what he thought of his
 126  Gorg|           citizens who in like manner applauded Themistocles, Pericles,
 127  Gorg|            latter is he whom you were applauding—the intemperate who is the
 128  Gorg|               satellites, and has the applauses of Europe and Asia ringing
 129  Gorg|              of the nature of its own applications. And I do not call any irrational
 130  Gorg|               meaning of his words by applying them to the history of our
 131  Gorg|              right, Socrates, in your apprehension of my meaning.~SOCRATES:
 132  Gorg|     physicians and of slaves by their apprentices,—a somewhat laboured figure
 133  Gorg|              public opinion. Socrates approaches his antagonist warily from
 134  Gorg|              nature; he expresses his approbation of Socrates’ manner of approaching
 135  Gorg|              bodies and gaining their approval, although the result is
 136  Gorg|             only measures of which he approves are the measures which will
 137  Gorg|           taken into counsel, but the architect, or the general. How would
 138  Gorg|            heaven, the voice heard by Ardiaeus, are features of the great
 139  Gorg|               their appearance in the arena of philosophy. For, as Euripides
 140  Gorg|            theologians in other ages, argues from the consistency of
 141  Gorg|              further misunderstanding arises out of the wildness of his
 142  Gorg|             society: (10) the myth of Aristophanes respecting the division
 143  Gorg|            And if he had the skill of Aristophon the son of Aglaophon, or
 144  Gorg|           They may be summed up in an arithmetical formula:—~Tiring : gymnastic :
 145  Gorg|             do not arithmetic and the arithmeticians teach us the properties
 146  Gorg|            and take a dagger under my arm. Polus, I say to you, I
 147  Gorg|            not receive, he puts on an armour which cannot be pierced
 148  Gorg|               of this admission there arose a contradiction—the thing
 149  Gorg|         chosen and an order of battle arranged, or a position taken, then
 150  Gorg|           better. The purveyor of the articles may provide them either
 151  Gorg|              small creature carefully articulating its words, I am offended;
 152  Gorg|            were just now speaking are artificers of persuasion, and of what
 153  Gorg|               two companies of souls, ascending and descending at either
 154  Gorg|     Protagoras and Phaedrus, throwing aside the veil of irony, he makes
 155  Gorg|            are suggestive of some new aspect under which the mind may
 156  Gorg|              another world. These two aspects of life and knowledge appear
 157  Gorg|         august personage—what are her aspirations? Is all her aim and desire
 158  Gorg|          inferior man, who will never aspire to anything great or noble.
 159  Gorg|              are not careful they may assail you and my friend Alcibiades,
 160  Gorg|            ears, will recoil upon his assailant. (Compare Republic, and
 161  Gorg|     conventionally dishonourable, you assailed him from the point of view
 162  Gorg|               in whose house they are assembled, is introduced on the stage:
 163  Gorg|             not doing that to which I assented, call me ‘dolt,’ and deem
 164  Gorg|        acquire it. And if you find me assenting to your words, and hereafter
 165  Gorg|            opposite and contradictory assertions respecting their order and
 166  Gorg|               he was a bad manager of asses or horses or oxen, who had
 167  Gorg|           constituted, one must never assign the second rank to-day without
 168  Gorg|            appointed term;—whether by assimilating himself to the constitution
 169  Gorg|        buildings, not only with their assistance, but without them, by our
 170  Gorg|           mythological personages are associated with human beings: they
 171  Gorg|            and the familiarity of the associations employed.~In the myths and
 172  Gorg|             good is only based on the assumption of its objective character.
 173  Gorg|             from you. And here let me assure you that I have your interest
 174  Gorg|              colander, as my informer assures me, is the soul, and the
 175  Gorg|              of Socrates with evident astonishment. He can hardly understand
 176  Gorg|              as he would also use his athletic powers. And if after having
 177  Gorg|               legend of the Island of Atlantis, an imaginary history, which
 178  Gorg|               to Plato that the upper atmosphere is an earth and heaven in
 179  Gorg|              remain as the penalty of atrocious crimes; these suffer everlastingly.
 180  Gorg|              in defending himself and attacking Socrates, whom he accuses
 181  Gorg|             or any other good man who attempted to resist the popular will
 182  Gorg|          unhealthy surfeit brings the attendant penalty of disease, he who
 183  Gorg|             he will exercise ordinary attention; every day offers him experiences
 184  Gorg|              It will be noticed by an attentive reader that the twelve days
 185  Gorg|        kindred, and leave their brave attire strewn upon the earth—conducted
 186  Gorg|              rhetoric, and the art of attiring and sophistry are two others:
 187  Gorg|            their simplicity, will not attribute their diseases and loss
 188  Gorg|       condition of the State is to be attributed to these elder statesmen;
 189  Gorg|        Arginusae, which he ironically attributes to his ignorance of the
 190  Gorg|              Tragedy, that solemn and august personage—what are her aspirations?
 191  Gorg|             given. Then Pluto and the authorities from the Islands of the
 192  Gorg|            old man was tired, and now avails himself of the earliest
 193  Gorg|            was saying, and so I still aver.~SOCRATES: And do you mean
 194  Gorg|               injustice is more to be avoided than to suffer injustice,
 195  Gorg|               That is the only way of avoiding death, replies Socrates;
 196  Gorg|              which he is inferior, he avoids and depreciates, and praises
 197  Gorg|           righteously. The judges are awed by them, and they themselves
 198  Gorg|          according to your view is an awful thing; and indeed I think
 199  Gorg|               precarious as pleasure.~b. The arts or sciences, when
 200  Gorg|             as he changes you change, backwards and forwards. When the Athenian
 201  Gorg|              ever making pleasure the bait of the unwary, and deceiving
 202  Gorg|        because we want to restore the balance which self-love has overthrown
 203  Gorg|               life? For a while Plato balances the two sides of the serious
 204  Gorg|              you in a state, killing, banishing, doing in all things as
 205  Gorg|      happiness—all the rest is a mere bauble, agreements contrary to
 206  Gorg|        married in conjunction;’ they ‘bear themselves’ like vulgar
 207  Gorg|       ignorant of the true nature and bearing of these things, while he
 208  Gorg|           morals which the Theaetetus bears to his theory of knowledge.~
 209  Gorg|              have ventured out of the beaten track in their meditations
 210  Gorg|         tyrant to the parricide, who ‘beats his father, having first
 211  Gorg|           dialogue on the Procrustean bed of a single idea. (Compare
 212  Gorg|             at intervals: such as the bees stinging and stingless (
 213      | beforehand
 214  Gorg|       explanation of the subject, and begs Polus not unnecessarily
 215      | behind
 216  Gorg|               truth. Him Rhadamanthus beholds, full of all deformity and
 217  Gorg|               the soul—because of its believing and make-believe nature—
 218  Gorg|              him of right the kingdom belonged; Archelaus, however, had
 219  Gorg|            soul and body; the spirits beneath the earth are spoken of
 220  Gorg|               been conferred when the benefactor receives a return; otherwise
 221  Gorg|       inscribe you as the greatest of benefactors on the tablets of my soul.~
 222  Gorg|         therefore fair, and therefore beneficent; and the benefit is that
 223  Gorg|             good intentions, and even benevolent actions, when they are not
 224  Gorg|              Locke, Hume, Adam Smith, Bentham, Ricardo. These during the
 225  Gorg|              the mediaeval saint, St. Bernard, St. Francis, St. Catharine
 226  Gorg|               Socrates would have him bestow his length on others, and
 227  Gorg|              of society. There is the bias given to the mind by the
 228  Gorg|          descriptions, whether in the Bible or Plato, the veil of another
 229  Gorg|         medicine, for example, at the bidding of a physician, do they
 230  Gorg|           they say, to begin with the big jar when you are learning
 231  Gorg|            and temperance and justice bind together heaven and earth
 232  Gorg|               kicking nor butting nor biting him, and implanted in them
 233  Gorg|              evil of old men, and use bitter words towards them, whether
 234  Gorg|               to do; he gives you the bitterest potions, and compels you
 235  Gorg|           them advice, is accused and blamed by them, and if they could
 236  Gorg|             made a man good, and then blaming him for being bad?~CALLICLES:
 237  Gorg|            the future is to be a mere blank to him. The greatest act
 238  Gorg|          supplies them with garments, blankets, shoes, and all that they
 239  Gorg|              an effort, imperceptibly blend with the more familiar theories
 240  Gorg|             tossed about by words and blown up and down; and some ingenious
 241  Gorg|            because their feelings are blunted by time, and ‘to forgive
 242  Gorg|             after this sort, I should blush for shame, whether I was
 243  Gorg|          moves on the political chess board are all that he can fore
 244  Gorg|               in Homeric language, ‘I boast myself to be.’~SOCRATES:
 245  Gorg|              of Plato, he is vain and boastful, yet he has also a certain
 246  Gorg|             and in Homeric language, ‘boasts himself to be a good one.’
 247  Gorg|           them—’ (Fragm. Incert. 151 (Bockh).)~—I do not remember the
 248  Gorg|              the wise tell us, is the bond of heaven and earth, of
 249  Gorg|              in return for so great a boon; and he who is the master
 250  Gorg|          human affairs in which he is borne up when the waves nearer
 251  Gorg|               human knowledge; or, to borrow an expression of his own,
 252  Gorg|          words, but his words—perhaps borrowed from another—the faded reflection
 253  Gorg|          scourged, if of bonds, to be bound, if of a fine, to be fined,
 254  Gorg|               of their time? They had boundless leisure and the faculty
 255  Gorg|               fat man, the dandy, the branded slave, are all distinguishable.
 256  Gorg|            evil cannot alter a hair’s breadth the morality of actions
 257  Gorg|          referred to, and the meaning breaks through so as rather to
 258  Gorg|           others, without in the same breath accusing themselves of having
 259  Gorg|          cease to be a party; he must breathe into them the spirit which
 260  Gorg|              and then, when they have broken-in their horses, and themselves
 261  Gorg|           from the laconising set who bruise their ears.~SOCRATES: But
 262  Gorg|            persuaded the Athenians to build their docks and walls, and
 263  Gorg|              whether the painter, the builder, the shipwright, or any
 264  Gorg|              at the suggestion of the builders.~SOCRATES: Such is the tradition,
 265  Gorg|          again, when walls have to be built or harbours or docks to
 266  Gorg|             the Pilgrim’s Progress of Bunyan, in which discussions of
 267  Gorg|               have great power—he may burn any house which he pleases,
 268  Gorg|           ones among you, cutting and burning and starving and suffocating
 269  Gorg|            the state, is crucified or burnt to death. Socrates replies,
 270  Gorg|             grandiose style, he would bury you under a mountain of
 271  Gorg|               taught them to kick and butt, and man is an animal; and
 272  Gorg|        originally neither kicking nor butting nor biting him, and implanted
 273  Gorg|       dealings with one another (‘the buyer saith, it is nought—it is
 274  Gorg|            describes in the Republic.~c. Various other points of
 275  Gorg|             the real authors of their calamities; and if you are not careful
 276  Gorg|            end, nor ever considers or calculates anything, but works by experience
 277  Gorg|            say that you are mistaken, Callides; for he who would deserve
 278  Gorg|             earth. This is what Plato calls the ‘reign of Cronos;’ and
 279  Gorg|             one. Suppose that we just calmly consider whether any of
 280  Gorg|              and become the incurable cancer of the soul; must we not
 281  Gorg|              that not Pitt or Fox, or Canning or Sir R. Peel, are the
 282  Gorg|             such as can be painted on canvas, but which is full of life
 283  Gorg|               a king, or had a nature capable of acquiring an empire or
 284  Gorg|             my friend; neither is she capricious like my other love, for
 285  Gorg|              hear some small creature carefully articulating its words,
 286  Gorg|             is not he who has learned carpentering a carpenter?~GORGIAS: Yes.~
 287  Gorg|                But he who has learned carpentry is a carpenter, and he who
 288  Gorg|              good parts, still, if he carries philosophy into later life,
 289  Gorg|             his critics. And then (2) casting one eye upon him, we may
 290  Gorg|          asked, whether the life of a catamite is not terrible, foul, miserable?
 291  Gorg|             are you not ashamed to be catching at words and chuckling over
 292  Gorg|             Bernard, St. Francis, St. Catharine of Sienna, or the Catholic
 293  Gorg|           Catharine of Sienna, or the Catholic priest who lately devoted
 294  Gorg|             forgotten, but is quickly caught up, and alluded to again
 295  Gorg|              because most painful and causing excessive pain, or most
 296  Gorg|            and by his giving the same caution against philosophy to Socrates,
 297  Gorg|            much into detail. You were cautioning one another not to be overwise;
 298  Gorg|                 8) the parable of the Cave (Republic), in which the
 299  Gorg|            like the Italian statesman Cavour, have created the world
 300  Gorg|               true.~SOCRATES: Then he ceases from pain and pleasure at
 301  Gorg|        displaying his talents, and is celebrated throughout Greece. Like
 302  Gorg|           often hear the novel writer censured for attempting to convey
 303  Gorg|                He flies from the busy centre and the market-place, in
 304  Gorg|               of our own and the last century, which, together with the
 305  Gorg|              his figures of speech or chains of argument; and not less
 306  Gorg|               ambition; in this he is characteristically Greek. Like Anytus in the
 307  Gorg|               body alike retain their characteristics; the fat man, the dandy,
 308  Gorg|              pleasure, and if any one charges him with perplexing them,
 309  Gorg|             between Athens and Aegina charging only a small payment for
 310  Gorg|      Themistocles, Miltiades. But the charioteer who keeps his seat at first
 311  Gorg|              is not the way either in charioteering or in any profession.—What
 312  Gorg|               from any magnanimity or charity, but because their feelings
 313  Gorg|              the present day (compare Charmides). The defect of clearness
 314  Gorg|               them like young lions,— charming them with the sound of the
 315  Gorg|               formulas and spells and charms, and all our laws which
 316  Gorg|            Republic), as engaged in a chase, as breaking upon us in
 317  Gorg|              and descending at either chasm of heaven and earth, and
 318  Gorg|               with his pupils if they cheat him. And the sophist and
 319  Gorg|     CHAEREPHON: You hear the audience cheering, Gorgias and Socrates, which
 320  Gorg|          three moves on the political chess board are all that he can
 321  Gorg|          weeks moves on the political chessboard are all that he can foresee—
 322  Gorg|                a few great criminals, chiefly tyrants, are reserved as
 323  Gorg|               which is natural to his childish years. But when I hear some
 324  Gorg|             to make mistakes in their choice of life than those who have
 325  Gorg|             Nausicydes of the deme of Cholarges, studied together: there
 326  Gorg|              how to strike both these chords, sometimes remaining within
 327  Gorg|             should be no music in the chorus which I provided; aye, or
 328  Gorg|         injustice may not be rendered chronic and become the incurable
 329  Gorg|              be catching at words and chuckling over some verbal slip? do
 330  Gorg|              religious order, or of a church in which during many ages
 331  Gorg|             deprived of his rights of citizenship?—he being a man who, if
 332  Gorg|              answered hitherto out of civility to Gorgias.~SOCRATES: What
 333  Gorg|            his ears; though he is the civilizer or liberator of half a continent,
 334  Gorg|           come to you in a body, each claiming precedence and saying that
 335  Gorg|             would there not just be a clamour among a jury like that?
 336  Gorg|             Charmides). The defect of clearness is also apparent in Socrates
 337  Gorg|            and declared to his mother Cleopatra that he had fallen in while
 338  Gorg|                I should say, like the clerks in the assembly, ‘as aforesaid’
 339  Gorg|             admit that they were more clever at providing ships and walls
 340  Gorg|               own. They may have been cleverer constructors of docks and
 341  Gorg|               that you, with all your cleverness, do not venture to contradict
 342  Gorg|              give long ago to his own clique of friends. He will pledge
 343  Gorg|           their own free will—marks a close and perhaps designed connection
 344  Gorg|               not to shrink, but with closed eyes like brave men to let
 345  Gorg|             the Protagoras. There are closer resemblances both of spirit
 346  Gorg|            second act of the dialogue closes. Then Callicles appears
 347  Gorg|          number of them, and go about clothed in the best and finest of
 348  Gorg|            his moral convictions in a cloud of dust and dialectics,
 349  Gorg|               speech is pretty nearly co-extensive with action, but in most
 350  Gorg|          inhabit is a sediment of the coarser particles which drop from
 351  Gorg|             ought to have the largest coat, and the greatest number
 352  Gorg|             that two opposites cannot coexist, but must alternate with
 353  Gorg|          words, or in which words are coextensive with action, such as arithmetic,
 354  Gorg|             trance after he was slain coincide with the time passed by
 355  Gorg|             with them for not exactly coinciding with the ideas represented.
 356  Gorg|            them drink, or if they are cold supplies them with garments,
 357  Gorg|               ourselves when regarded collectively and subjected to the influences
 358  Gorg|              foundation of the Cretan colony which is introduced in the
 359  Gorg|        impossible, and therefore they combine to prevent him. But if he
 360  Gorg|               theory of the many weak combining against the few strong in
 361  Gorg|           have promised to answer all comers; in accordance with the
 362  Gorg|               and is not this a great comfort?—not to have learned the
 363  Gorg|           quick ear, is ready to take command of the ship and guide her
 364  Gorg|             which is a fragment only, commenced in the Timaeus and continued
 365  Gorg|           That is, he lives worst who commits the greatest crimes, and
 366  Gorg|              noble expression for the common- places of morality and politics.
 367  Gorg|             not see how we could ever communicate our impressions to one another.
 368  Gorg|                our curiosity. The two companies of souls, ascending and
 369  Gorg|           soul, and the soul which he compares to a colander is the soul
 370  Gorg|               break out: the animated comparisons of the degradation of philosophy
 371  Gorg|               means by which they can compass their immediate ends. We
 372  Gorg|            than this? You, Callicles, compel me to be a mob-orator, because
 373  Gorg|          physical suffering is always compensated by a mental satisfaction.
 374  Gorg|                for no physician could compete with a rhetorician in popularity
 375  Gorg|              cook had to enter into a competition in which children were the
 376  Gorg|         should be used like any other competitive art, not against everybody,—
 377  Gorg|         affection:—a man may have the complaint in his eyes which is called
 378  Gorg|          pleasure and good are not so completely opposed as in the Gorgias.
 379  Gorg|            because, as Polus said, in compliance with popular prejudice he
 380  Gorg|               is mere talk.’~Socrates compliments Callicles on his frankness
 381  Gorg|             Book of the Republic: the composite animal, having the form
 382  Gorg|               visible, and then again comprehending a wider range and soaring
 383  Gorg|            you only knew how rhetoric comprehends and holds under her sway
 384  Gorg|             the statesman who takes a comprehensive view of the whole. According
 385  Gorg|              on his part to offer any compromise in the interests of morality;
 386  Gorg|              is overthrown because he compromises; he is unwilling to say
 387  Gorg|             all things submit, not by compulsion, but of their own free will—
 388  Gorg|              them the rocks which lay concealed under the ambiguous terms
 389  Gorg|             manner of life are always concealing from him the consequences
 390  Gorg|            there is no possibility of concealment: Zeus has taken from men
 391  Gorg|              much for his wit when he conceded to you that to do is more
 392  Gorg|               saviour, is not usually conceited, any more than the engineer,
 393  Gorg|           himself. These are at least conceivable uses of the art, and no
 394  Gorg|            sophist or rhetorician, is concentrated the spirit of evil against
 395  Gorg|               of morality; nor is any concession made by him. Like Thrasymachus
 396  Gorg|       requiting his teacher.~Socrates concludes by finally asking, to which
 397  Gorg|              from the abstract to the concrete, from poetry to reality.
 398  Gorg|               involved in the general condemnation.~Subordinate to the main
 399  Gorg|      imagination of mankind. And such condemnations are not mere paradoxes of
 400  Gorg|             time may be thought to be condemning a state of the world which
 401  Gorg|              man against the ordinary conditions of human life. The greatest
 402  Gorg|         because, as we think, it will conduce to our good?~POLUS: Certainly.~
 403  Gorg|              we will to do that which conduces to our good, and if the
 404  Gorg|           good, and if the act is not conducive to our good we do not will
 405  Gorg|          attire strewn upon the earth—conducted in this manner, the judgment
 406  Gorg|      dialectical fiction, by which he conducts himself and others to his
 407  Gorg|               that a benefit has been conferred when the benefactor receives
 408  Gorg|             hurtfully.~CALLICLES: How confident you are, Socrates, that
 409  Gorg|         thither. And among them, as I confidently affirm, will be found Archelaus,
 410  Gorg|            neither must we attempt to confine the Platonic dialogue on
 411  Gorg|            what if the itching is not confined to the head? Shall I pursue
 412  Gorg|        yourself, and the assurance is confirmed by your last speech. Well
 413  Gorg|      education, the reconciliation of conflicting elements, increased security
 414  Gorg|              in the city, and yet not conforming yourself to the ways of
 415  Gorg|         through his life, to which he conforms all his words and actions;
 416  Gorg|           sense of words; and getting confused between the abstract notions
 417  Gorg|             for I ask not in order to confute you, but as I was saying
 418  Gorg|            the few strong. When he is confuted he withdraws from the argument,
 419  Gorg|            have nothing upon which to congratulate themselves, if as you say,
 420  Gorg|           their ‘minds are married in conjunction;’ they ‘bear themselves’
 421  Gorg|                 and in like manner he connects the reversal of the earth’
 422  Gorg|            tormented by the stings of conscience; or that the sensations
 423  Gorg|               is often enacted by the consciences of men ‘accusing or else
 424  Gorg|         better esteemed than the more conscientious, because he has not equally
 425  Gorg|              the argument may proceed consecutively, and that we may not get
 426  Gorg|               the just man will never consent to do injustice?~GORGIAS:
 427  Gorg|          exceeds the suffering in the consequent pain: Do the injurers suffer
 428  Gorg|              treated by Socrates with considerable respect. But he is no match
 429  Gorg|           hear a voice as of a parent consoling us. In religious diaries
 430  Gorg|        possession. And as humanity is constituted, one must never assign the
 431  Gorg|            and had been successful in constructing many fine buildings, not
 432  Gorg|             us from proceeding to the construction of public works. But if
 433  Gorg|           They may have been cleverer constructors of docks and harbours, but
 434  Gorg|             language, and must not be construed in too strict a manner.
 435  Gorg|               Various other points of contact naturally suggest themselves
 436  Gorg|           Aeneid of Virgil, appear to contain reminiscences of the mysteries.
 437  Gorg|         having the form of a man, but containing under a human skin a lion
 438  Gorg|           wife’s tale, which you will contemn. And there might be reason
 439  Gorg|               might be reason in your contemning such tales, if by searching
 440  Gorg|          passes them unheeded by. The contemplation of the consequences of actions,
 441  Gorg|              visionaries by their own contemporaries. And when they are no longer
 442  Gorg|                but our friend Gorgias contends that his art produces a
 443  Gorg|            with equality they must be content, and that the equal is the
 444  Gorg|              describe.~SOCRATES: I am contented with the admission that
 445  Gorg|               you, not from a love of contention, but because I really want
 446  Gorg|            answer?~CALLICLES: You are contentious, Socrates.~SOCRATES: Nay,
 447  Gorg|    acknowledge, viz. that the life of contentment is better than the life
 448  Gorg|         chosen if he wished; and in a contest with a man of any other
 449  Gorg|      civilizer or liberator of half a continent, he is, and always will
 450  Gorg|               noble. But if I see him continuing the study in later life,
 451  Gorg|         condition?~SOCRATES: That you contract, Polus, the prolixity of
 452  Gorg|              been led to opposite and contradictory assertions respecting their
 453  Gorg|              the life of innocence is contrasted with the ordinary life of
 454  Gorg|             what way punishment is to contribute to the improvement of mankind.
 455  Gorg|             worst of diseases and yet contrives not to pay the penalty to
 456  Gorg|              two sides of the serious controversy, which he has suggested
 457  Gorg|              time, and ‘to forgive is convenient to them.’ The tangle of
 458  Gorg|             nothing on the other. The conventions and customs which we observe
 459  Gorg|           gained by many literary and conversational devices, such as the previous
 460  Gorg|              of heaven and earth, and conversing when they come out into
 461  Gorg|            the value of~‘An art which converts a man of sense into a fool,’~
 462  Gorg|            censured for attempting to convey a lesson to the minds of
 463  Gorg|          epoch. After another natural convulsion, in which the order of the
 464  Gorg|       sometimes impossible for man to cope. That men drink more of
 465  Gorg|               or of a stone, but of a cormorant; you mean that he is to
 466  Gorg|       distinguished; he creeps into a corner for the rest of his life,
 467  Gorg|           haunts of men, and skulk in corners, whispering to a few admiring
 468  Gorg|             irony’ of Socrates adds a corollary to the argument:— ‘Would
 469  Gorg|               soul retained a sort of corporeal likeness after death. (3)
 470  Gorg|        succeeds in escaping rebuke or correction or punishment; and this,
 471  Gorg|             partly vindictive, partly corrective. In the Gorgias, as well
 472  Gorg|              partly shares and partly corrects in the Nicomachean Ethics.
 473  Gorg|           healed by time;~‘While rank corruption, mining all within, Infects
 474  Gorg|             same type, but it is more cosmological, and also more poetical.
 475  Gorg|          universe is therefore called Cosmos or order, not disorder or
 476  Gorg|                or the senators in the council, or the citizens in the
 477  Gorg|             does a friendly office in counselling moderation, and recalling
 478  Gorg|        devised in accordance with the counsels, partly of Themistocles,
 479  Gorg|                you must not ask me to count the suffrages of the company
 480  Gorg|              opinions; he watches the countenance of both his loves, and repeats
 481  Gorg|            any teacher be expected to counteract wholly the bent of natural
 482  Gorg|             good nor very bad, by not counting them worthy of eternal damnation.~
 483  Gorg|              religion in all ages and countries. They are presented in the
 484  Gorg|               in which the trifles of courtesy and the familiarities of
 485  Gorg|              more subjects. Under the cover of rhetoric higher themes
 486  Gorg|               shipwright or any other craftsman, will the rhetorician be
 487  Gorg|              shoes, and all that they crave. I use the same images as
 488  Gorg|          novel writing, that peculiar creation of our own and the last
 489  Gorg|             of ghosts and apparitions credible is said to consist in the
 490  Gorg|              become distinguished; he creeps into a corner for the rest
 491  Gorg|              of the foundation of the Cretan colony which is introduced
 492  Gorg|             of the game,’ and that in criticising the characters of Gorgias
 493  Gorg|         passing the objections of his critics. And then (2) casting one
 494  Gorg|            stained him, and he is all crooked with falsehood and imposture,
 495  Gorg|             my sort, I should like to cross-examine you, but if not I will let
 496  Gorg|              Suppose that I go into a crowded Agora, and take a dagger
 497  Gorg|        business, and that this is her crown and end. Do you know any
 498  Gorg|                or that they will have crowns of glory in another world,
 499  Gorg|         attempt against the state, is crucified or burnt to death. Socrates
 500  Gorg|             of infancy, and should be cultivated as a part of education;
 501  Gorg|         speaking in the assembly, and cultivating rhetoric, and engaging in